2.3 MIG Welding
Definition of MIG Welding
MIG (metal inert gas) welding also known as
GMAW (gas metal arc welding) or MAG
(metal active gas welding), is a semi-automatic
or automatic arc welding process in which a
continuous and consumable wire electrode
and a shielding gas are fed through a welding
gun. A constant voltage, direct current power
source is most commonly used with MIG
welding. There are four primary methods of
metal transfer in MIG welding, called short
circuit (also known as dip transfer) globular
transfer, spray transfer and pulsed-spray,
each of which has distinct properties and
corresponding advantages and limitations.
To perform MIG welding, the basic
necessary equipment is a welding gun, a wire
feed unit, a welding power supply, an
electrode wire, and a shielding gas supply.
Short circuit transfer is the most common
used method whereby the wire electrode is fed
continuously down the welding torch through
to and exiting the contact tip.
The wire touches the work piece and
causes a short circuit the wire heats up
and begins to form a molten bead, the
bead separates from the end of the wire
and forms a droplet that is transferred
into the weld pool. This process is
repeated about 100 times per second,
making the arc appear constant to the
human eye.
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