4
3.7
Coding .................................................................................................48
3.8
Line Fault Detection ...........................................................................49
3.9
Cold Junctions in Thermocouples....................................................49
3.10
Line Resistance in Resistance Thermometers ................................50
3.11
Strain Gage Measurement..................................................................51
3.12
Status Monitoring of the Output Shutdown .....................................52
3.13
Redundancy in PROFIBUS Communication ....................................52
3.13.1
Basic Principles................................................................................ 52
3.13.2
Media Redundancy .......................................................................... 53
3.13.3
Application Redundancy .................................................................. 53
3.14
Fieldbus Connection..........................................................................54
3.14.1
RS-485-Based Fieldbuses ............................................................... 54
3.14.2
Ethernet-Based Fieldbuses ..............................................................56
3.14.3
Cable Gland for Prefabricated Cables to Ethernet Gateways ............58
3.15
Potential Equalization and Shielding................................................60
3.15.1
Sources of Noise .............................................................................. 60
3.15.2
Wiring............................................................................................... 61
3.16
System Expansion..............................................................................62
4
Commissioning......................................................................... 63
4.1
Electrical Testing of Connections .....................................................63
4.2
Configuration of an RS-485-Based Bus System..............................64
4.3
Startup Phase......................................................................................64
5
Operation................................................................................... 65
6
Troubleshooting........................................................................ 66