H8. SYSTEM CONTROLLER / PUMP INSTALLATION
Diagram – System Controller / Pump Assembly for Open Loop System – 1 or 2 solar collectors
The use of a pump and system controller requires that the pump, controller electrical inputs and outputs in-
cluding the temperature sensors are all correctly installed. There are a few general principles to be followed
when installing a pump-circulation solar system
• The pump must be mounted the correct way with water input on the input flow side of the pump and water
output on the output flow side of the pump. An arrow on the pump shows the direction of water flow. The pump
and pump assembly MUST be mounted with the discharge upwards, making it easier for air to escape from
inside the pump.
• The pump should be on the flow line to the collectors so that it pushes the water through the collectors, not
on the return line where it would be pulling (sucking) the water from the collectors. On the return line it would
be likely to cavitate causing noise and damaging the pump.
• The rate of circulation should not be too high (Approx. 0.2 l/min/m²), otherwise there will be excessive tur-
bulence (stirring up of the hot and cold layers of water) within the storage cylinder. This reduces the efficiency
of the solar collectors. A restriction valve is required to be fitted to reduce flow rates on some systems. These
must be correctly fitted on the outlet side of the pump assembly
The wire to the sensor in the collector header should be covered to protect it from physical damage and damage
from UV light where it is exposed. Flexible electrical conduit serves this purpose well.
• The ‘hot’ sensor must be situated at the hottest water in the collectors and the ‘cold’ sensor at the bottom of
the storage cylinder, on or near the cold supply line. Another temperature sensor is provided which is fitted part
way up the tank which shows the temperature of the hot water in the tank.
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