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Basics of Infrared Thermometry

Infrared thermometers are optoelectronic sensors. They calculate the surface temperature on the basis of
the emitted infrared radiation from an object. The most important feature of infrared thermometers is that
they enable the user to measure objects contactless. Consequently, these products help to measure the
temperature of inaccessible or moving objects without difficulties.

Figure 54:

Main principle of noncontact thermometry

Infrared thermometers basically consist of the following components:

•

Lens

•

Spectral filter

•

Detector

•

Electronics(amplifier/ linearization/ signal processing)

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Содержание PI LightWeight kit

Страница 1: ...Operator s Manual optris PI LightWeight kit Miniature lightweight PC with IR camera for flight applications ...

Страница 2: ...Optris GmbH Ferdinand Buisson Str 14 D 13127 Berlin Germany Tel 49 30 500 197 0 Fax 49 30 500 197 10 E mail info optris de Internet www optris de ...

Страница 3: ...eral notes 7 1 1 Intended use 7 1 2 Warranty 9 1 3 Scope of delivery 9 1 4 Maintenance 11 1 4 1 Cleaning 11 2 Technical Data 13 2 1 Data NetBox LW 13 2 1 1 General specifications 13 2 1 2 Electrical specifications 14 2 2 Data PI 400 PI 450 LW 15 ...

Страница 4: ...easurement specifications 20 2 2 4 Optical specifications 21 3 Installation 25 3 1 Mechanical Data PI 400 PI 450 LW 26 3 2 Mechanical Data PI NetBox LW 27 4 Operation 31 4 1 Operation modes of the NetBox LW 31 4 2 Stand Alone operation 32 4 3 Start a recording 35 4 4 SD card 37 ...

Страница 5: ...ox LW 40 4 7 1 Installation of Ultra VNC 40 4 7 2 Display the NetBox 43 4 8 Applications and start options 44 4 9 Watchdog 50 4 10 Autostart 52 4 11 File transfer between NetBox LW and PC 53 4 12 Communication 55 4 12 1 Ethernet direct communication 55 4 12 2 Ethernet network communication 65 ...

Страница 6: ...6 4 13 USB Driver 71 4 14 System time 71 4 15 Write protection filter 73 5 System Recovery 77 6 Basics of Infrared Thermometry 83 6 1 Emissivity 89 7 CE Conformity 91 ...

Страница 7: ...e PI NetBox LW Miniature PC includes a Windows XP Professional operating system that allows on flight recording of infrared videos with up to 35 Hz The optris PI 400 LW or 450 LW calculates the surface temperature based on the emitted infrared energy of objects 6 Basics of Infrared Thermometry The two dimensional detector FPA focal plane array allows a measurement of an area which will be shown as...

Страница 8: ...lignment of the camera to intensive energy sources high power laser or reflections of such equipment e g can have effect on the accuracy of the measurement or can cause an irreparable defect of the infrared detector Avoid static electricity arc welders and induction heaters Keep away from very strong EMF electromagnetic fields Avoid abrupt changes of the ambient temperature In case of problems or ...

Страница 9: ...e of a non intended use of the product If a failure occurs during the warranty period the product will be replaced calibrated or repaired without further charges The freight costs will be paid by the sender The manufacturer reserves the right to exchange components of the product instead of repairing it If the failure results from misuse or neglect the user has to pay for the repair In that case y...

Страница 10: ... cm and aluminum case Software PIConnect Operators manual Figure 1 PI LightWeight kit inside the camera case For a mobile use you can arrange all components of the system also inside the camera case as shown in Figure 1 For that purpose single foam parts of the case can be easily removed ...

Страница 11: ...sed cleaner Blow off loose particles using clean compressed air The lens surface can be cleaned with a soft humid tissue moistened with water or a water based glass cleaner Never use cleaning compounds which contain solvents neither for the lens nor for the housing Take care that no foreign substances penetrate into the venting slots of the NetBox LW ...

Страница 12: ...12 ...

Страница 13: ... Storage temperature 20 75 C Relative humidity 10 95 non condensing Material housing aluminum anodized plastic Dimensions 112 mm x 58 mm x 54 mm L x B x H Weight 160 g Vibration IEC 60068 2 6 sinus shaped IEC 60068 2 64 broad band noise Shock IEC 60068 2 27 25 g and 50 g Operating system Windows XP Professional ...

Страница 14: ...era Cooling passive active via integrated fan for ambient temperatures 50 C Board COM Express mini embedded board Processor Intel AtomTM Z530 1 6 GHz Hard disc 4 GB SSD RAM 1 GB DDR2 533 MHz Ports 3x USB 2 0 1x Mini USB 2 0 Slave Modus TVout Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Extensions microSDHC card up to 32 GB Additional functions 6x Status LEDs L1 L6 ...

Страница 15: ...450 LW Storage temperature 40 70 C PI 400 LW 40 85 C PI 450 LW Relative humidity 10 95 non condensing Material housing aluminum anodized plastic Dimensions 46 x 56 x 84 88 mm depending on lens Weight incl lens 220 g Cable length USB 2 0 30 cm Vibration1 IEC 60068 2 6 sinus shaped IEC 60068 2 64 broad band noise Shock1 IEC 60068 2 27 25 g and 50 g ...

Страница 16: ...16 1 Used standards Figure 2 Used standards ...

Страница 17: ...s2 25 g Pulse duration 11 ms Number of directions 6 3 axes with 2 directions each Duration 600 Shocks 100 Shocks each direction Shock half sinus 50 g testing Ea 50 g acc IEC 60068 2 27 Acceleration 490 m s2 50 g Pulse duration 11 ms Number of directions 6 3 axes with two directions each Duration 18 Shocks 3 Shocks each direction ...

Страница 18: ...Frequency change 1 Octave min Number of axes 3 Duration 1 30 h 3 x 0 30 h Vibration broadband noise testing Fh acc IEC60068 2 64 Frequency range 10 2000 Hz Acceleration 39 3 m s2 4 01 gRMS Frequency spectrum 10 106 Hz 0 9610 m s2 2 Hz 0 010 g2 Hz 106 150 Hz 6 dB Octave 150 500 Hz 1 9230 m s2 2 Hz 0 020 g2 Hz ...

Страница 19: ...00 Hz 6 dB Octave 2000 Hz 0 1245 m s2 2 Hz 0 00126 g2 Hz Number of axes 3 Duration 3 h 3 x 1 h 2 2 2 Electrical specifications Power Supply 5 VDC powered via USB 2 0 interface Current draw Max 500 mA Digital interface USB 2 0 ...

Страница 20: ...e 7 5 13 µm Lenses FOV 38 x 29 62 x 49 System accuracy 1 2 C or 2 Temperature resolution NETD PI 400 LW 2 0 08 K with 38 and 62 P I450 LW 2 0 04 K with 38 and 62 Frame rate 80 Hz Emissivity 0 100 1 000 Software PI Connect 1 At ambient temperature 23 5 C whichever is greater 2 Value is valid at 40 Hz and 25 C room temperature ...

Страница 21: ...ng infrared cameras They display the connection between the distance of the measured object and the size of the pixel see Table 1 Make sure that the focus of the infrared camera is adjusted correctly For focusing turn the lens Figure 3 For the PI 400 LW and PI 450 LW two different lenses are available 38 x 29 and 62 x 49 FOV ...

Страница 22: ...dual configuration there are different lenses available Wide angle lenses have a radial distortion due to their large opening angle the software PIConnect an algorithm which corrects this distortion Note The accuracy of measurement can be outside of the specifications for distances below the defined minimum distance ...

Страница 23: ...23 Technical Data Figure 4 Measurement field of the infrared camera optris PI representing the 23 x 17 lens ...

Страница 24: ...t object level VFOV Vertical enlargement of the total measuring at object level IFOV Size at the single pixel at object level DFOV Diagonal dimension of the total measuring field at object level MFOV Recommended smallest measured object size of 3 x 3 pixel ...

Страница 25: ...led either directly via these threads or with help of the tripod mount also on bottom side The separate PI camera sensing head can be mounted on the stabilization platform of a drone together with a visual camera in the picture GoPro camera The NetBox PC can be mounted separately Figure 5 PI LightWeight on a drone together with GoPro HD camera ...

Страница 26: ...26 3 1 Mechanical Data PI 400 PI 450 LW Figure 6 Dimensions PI 400 PI 450 LW ...

Страница 27: ...27 Installation 3 2 Mechanical Data PI NetBox LW Figure 7 Dimensions PI NetBox LW ...

Страница 28: ...28 Figure 8 Controls and connections PI NetBox LW ...

Страница 29: ...tallation 1 Cooling fan 6 USB 2 0 socket 2 Videoout socket 7 Ethernet socket 3 USB 2 0 socket 8 Mode switch S1 S2 4 Power supply socket 9 Mini USB socket slave mode 5 Status LEDs L1 L6 10 microSDHC card slot ...

Страница 30: ...30 ...

Страница 31: ...ion Ethernet communication via a network or via the internet For powering the NetBox you can use instead of a lithium polymer battery also the supplied power adapter Alternatively the NetBox can also be powered via the Ethernet cable PoE Power over Ethernet In this case a PoE injector is needed Use the recommended PoE injector Order No ACPIPOE only Damages which are caused by usage of another PoE ...

Страница 32: ...mmend a lithium polymer battery with a voltage between 8 and 14 VDC To switch between the analog video output signal of the PI 400 LW LW 450 and a visual camera we recommend the use of an electronic universal switch from Co Conrad Order No 227389 62 To start an IR video recording during the flight we recommend the SMD power switch from Conrad Order No 191779 62 Triggering via the GPIO of the Netbo...

Страница 33: ...33 Operation Figure 9 Recommended video system integration of the PI LightWeight ...

Страница 34: ...apter cable will show then the IR live picture of the camera in full screen mode Figure 10 Videoout socket of the NetBox LW Before switching on the NetBox LW and monitor must be connected via cable to ensure a correct initialization of the video output A change of the preset PAL mode to NTSC e g can be done in the BIOS Keyboard and monitor necessary ...

Страница 35: ...trigger rt Video signal The recording starts if the trigger is connected with GND and stops if you interrupt this connection Figure 11 Video cable Order No ACPILKVCB2 left and video cable Order No ACPILKVCB2C right The second video cable Order No ACPILKVCB2C can be used for a direct connection of the system to a monitor the recording can be started by the micro switch ...

Страница 36: ...ording by using the red sliding switch at the backside of the IR camera 1 To start a recording move the switch into the right position 2 To stop a recording remove the switch back into the left position Figure 12 Start and stop a recording ...

Страница 37: ...nsert a card Place it correctly into the according guide slot Figure 13 Changing of the SDHC card The NetBox LW will be delivered with an 8 GB SDHC card which is already installed on the unit If required you can exchange this card The NetBox is supporting SD cards up to 32 GB capacity After insertion of a SD card a NTFS formatting is needed ...

Страница 38: ...t the power connector L3 Net data video frames are transmitted through the network connection continuously flashing L4 USB Data the imager is connected to an USB port the calibration files are loaded and the raw data files are delivered by the imager continuously flashing L5 Application OK the main application Connect or Imager NNet Server is running properly L6 Mini USB port a PC is connected to ...

Страница 39: ...ion S2 the IR camera which is connected to the USB A socket will be linked directly with the Mini USB socket With this you get a direct access to the IR camera from a PC which is connected to the Mini USB socket without changing cables on the NetBox LW Figure 14 Mode switch S1 S2 ...

Страница 40: ...l find on your software CD After installation you can have access to the NetBox either from a PC directly connected over an Ethernet cable or from a PC which is located anywhere and connected to the same network Also remote connection via the internet is possible 1 1 For remote access from outside to a NetBox LW connected to a company network ask your system administrator for possibly necessary se...

Страница 41: ...ation is operable as well At the same time scanning of the whole network or a certain IP address range is provided With the filter function a selective search for NetBoxes is possible By pressing one of the sync buttons you can synchronize a previously selected NetBox or all listed ones simultaneously with the system time of your local PC while IP Address Finder is running The NetBox is set to Cen...

Страница 42: ...42 Figure 16 NetBox lister With the UltraVNC Viewer a simultaneous access to one NetBox from different PCs inside a network is possible ...

Страница 43: ...in the program folder NetBox UltraVNC After starting the viewer the following screen appears Figure 17 UltraVNC Viewer setup 4 7 2 Display the NetBox 1 Enter the IP address of the NetBox and press Connect The information is provided by the IP Address Finder 2 Enter the password Remote and confirm with Log On ...

Страница 44: ...e NetBox LW the following short cuts are available Figure 19 Application Start Config short cut and Application Start Manager short cut Application Start Config Starts the configuration dialog Config Server Application Start Manager Starts the program selected in the configuration dialog ...

Страница 45: ...rograms which start automatically after booting the NetBox Figure 20 Config Server window After booting the system the PIConnect software starts in full screen mode with a special flight layout factory provided Option User defined in Application Start Config ...

Страница 46: ...nect or Imager Net Server with modified command line parameters Args Example No No automatic start of the program Imager Net Server Automatic start of the server application PI Connect Automatic start of the PI Connect software User defined User defined start of one of the upper two programs The start options selected in the configuration dialog are saved automatically in the NetBox and are availa...

Страница 47: ...47 Operation Figure 21 Configuration to start PIConnect in full screen mode Figure 22 Screen of the NetBox LW Imager Net Server left and of the NetBox PI Connect right ...

Страница 48: ...nect Appl Watchdog Counter for the application monitoring function Device Frequency of the device Processing Frequency of the processing Net connection Frequency of the network Monitor Display mode VGA or TV Out Application Monitored software application Table 3 Monitor Imager Net Server application window Figure 23 Menu selection ...

Страница 49: ...Serial number of the connected imager device T C F B Device temperatures C C FPA Chip F Flag temperature B Housing temperature PIFin A D Status of the PIF input A Analog IN AI D Digital IN DI HW Cnt Hardware Counter frame counter ADU 192 144 ADU value of the center pixel e g 192 144 at PI4xx Freq D P N Frequency Hz D Device P Processing ...

Страница 50: ... 9 Watchdog If the main application Imager Net Server respectively PIConnect for any reason does not work properly in case of a software crash or is closed the monitor application restarts the program automatically In addition the Watchdog application observes the Windows operating system continuously find the symbol WD in the right part of the task bar Figure 24 Watchdog symbol in the task bar ...

Страница 51: ...window opens by clicking the right mouse button on the symbol in the task bar It shows the following information Figure 25 Window Watchdog Status information Internal set parameters Elapsed time since start Consider that all restarts will be counted even those which were not initialized by the Watchdog application ...

Страница 52: ...mber of restarts can be reset with the right mouse button on WD symbol Reset counter 4 10 Autostart In the Windows Autostart folder of the NetBox LW the following short cuts are set by factory default Figure 26 Startup window ...

Страница 53: ... the Application Start Config 4 11 File transfer between NetBox LW and PC 1 To exchange files between the NetBox and a PC which is connected directly or located in the network move the cursor to the title bar of the UltraVNC Viewer window and press the right button of the mouse Start File Transfer 2 Alternatively use the following short cut in the task bar of the viewer Figure 27 File Transfer sho...

Страница 54: ...E on the left side and the NetBox REMOTE MACHINE on the right side Files can be copied between both computers via the network link by selecting them and by confirming with the Send button respectively Receive button Figure 28 File transfer window ...

Страница 55: ... the PC and the NetBox with an Ethernet cable 3 Add the power supply to the NetBox and connect it to the electric circuit The NetBox boots up the system and is ready to use after approx 2 3 minutes With orderly function LED 1 L1 and LED 5 L5 are illuminating The applied Ethernet cable must be complied at least with category 5 Cat 5 according ISO IEC 11801 ...

Страница 56: ... to point connection NetBox LW powered via power supply 4 Using a PoE injector the power supply for the NetBox is not needed In this case the PoE injector must be connected as shown in Figure 30 With orderly function L1 L2 and L5 are illuminating ...

Страница 57: ...Box LW The communication with the NetBox is occurring via the TCP IP protocol Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol The NetBox gets its IP address Internet protocol address either from a DHCP server or operates with a fixed IP address The NetBox is already set to a fixed IP address 192 168 0 100 by factory default ...

Страница 58: ... settings must be done on your PC the procedure is depending on the operating system and can differ from the following description Windows 7 is specified here 1 Go to System controls and open Network and Sharing Center If there is a connection to the network e g company network the following information appears Figure 31 Basic network information ...

Страница 59: ... and enable the checkbox User configured 5 Enter a user defined IP address for your PC Consider that the network part of the address is identic to the network part of the IP address of the NetBox thus 192 168 0 For the host part use an address which is different from the one of the NetBox 100 e g 1 If there is no network connection click Network and Sharing Center then Change Adapter Settings Afte...

Страница 60: ...60 Figure 32 Windows Local Area Connection Status 1 Local Area Connection Properties 2 und Internet protocol version 4 TCP IPv4 properties 3 ...

Страница 61: ...etBox via an Ethernet cable a point to point connection is established This may take several minutes Your network is shown as non identified network in the Network and Sharing Center 1 Start the PIConnect software on your local PC and open with the menu Tools Extended remote devices ...

Страница 62: ...e the Filter checkbox and enter NetBox Press the Ping button to detect devices within the range and with NetBox in their name 4 Select the desired frame rate in Remote framerate which should be transmitted via network 5 In the Hosts area your NetBox is listed Assign it and confirm with OK Figure 34 Remote device window ...

Страница 63: ...Box is shown as remote device Select the following functions Figure 35 Remote device Connect Connect with the remote device manually Restart Restart of the Imager Net Server Application on the NetBox Reboot Reboot of the NetBox Remove Remove of the device entry in this menu ...

Страница 64: ...64 6 If the applied imager is connected to the NetBox for the first time a warning message appears Confirm with Yes Figure 36 Warning Figure 37 Sending calibration data files ...

Страница 65: ...hernet network communication 1 Connect the IR camera and the NetBox with the supplied USB connection cable 2 Connect the Ethernet connection of the NetBox with a network or internet via a router e g 3 Add the power supply to the NetBox and connect it to the electric circuit The NetBox boots up the system and is ready to use after approx 2 3 minutes With orderly function LED 1 L1 and LED 5 L5 are i...

Страница 66: ...nnection NetBox LW powered via power supply 4 Using a PoE injector the power supply for the NetBox is not needed In this case the PoE injector must be connected as shown in Figure 39 With orderly function L1 L2 and L5 are illuminating ...

Страница 67: ... find the PIConnect on your local PC the address range of the local network must be known For this start the program IP Address Finder 4 7 Remote access to the NetBox 1 Start the PIConnect software on your local PC and open with the menu Tools Extended remote devices 2 Set the Enable checkbox and enter the address range of your local network in Detect devices range 0 to 255 ...

Страница 68: ...their name 4 Select the desired frame rate in Remote framerate which should be transmitted via network 5 In the Hosts area your NetBox is listed Assign it and confirm with OK Figure 40 Remote device window In the menu Devices the imager which is connected to the NetBox is shown as remote device Select the following functions ...

Страница 69: ...device manually Restart Restart of the Imager Net Server Application on the NetBox Reboot Reboot of the NetBox Remove Remove of the device entry in this menu 6 If the applied imager is connected to the NetBox for the first time a warning message appears Confirm with Yes ...

Страница 70: ...he calibration files are transferred from your PC to the NetBox automatically and stored there Alternatively a manual copy of the calibration files is possible via USB stick to the NetBox folder D Imager Cali The live image of the IR camera is displayed on your PC ...

Страница 71: ...e If other USB devices are connected which require a specific driver installation it might be necessary to start the installation in the device manager manually 4 14 System time The set time zone can be changed in the tab Time Zone To save the new setting permanently the 4 15 Write Protection Filter must be deactivated temporarily The SyncViewer and the IP Address Finder tool enable manual time sy...

Страница 72: ...ng operation the time is saved continuously In case of a restart the system time is proceeding automatically beginning at the last saved value With it achieving a chronology of imager recordings which create an automatic file name generation If the NetBox is connected with the internet the current time is synchronized after a certain period automatically via internet time server ...

Страница 73: ... write protection filter switches off the device without a shutdown of the operating system The write protection filter ewfMonitor is illustrated as a red or green dot in the task bar or as a short cut The colors have the following meaning Red dot saved mode Green dot writing mode Use the NetBox with an enabled write protection filter only Red dot Saved mode enabled green dot writing mode enabled ...

Страница 74: ...s or to install additional software the write protection must be deactivated temporarily 1 Move the cursor to the red dot in the task bar and click the right mouse button Select between four different actions Save and reboot Changes will be saved restart Save and shutdown Changes will be saved shutdown ...

Страница 75: ...en dot Reboot Restart without saving changes The SSD drive of the NetBox LW has two partitions by factory default The write protection refers to partition C only In partition D application data can be saved The calibration data of the imager is stored there too ...

Страница 76: ...76 ...

Страница 77: ...igure 46 Start display of the NetBox LW In case a recovery of the Windows operating system of the NetBox LW is necessary you should use the supplied USB recovery stick Follow the steps described hereafter Do not disconnect power from the NetBox during the recovery procedure After the system recovery the NetBox is in the delivery status All data stored before on the SSD will get lost The write prot...

Страница 78: ...78 2 Select USB Device and press Enter Then the connected USB stick is shown Confirm with Enter as well Figure 47 Selecting the USB Stick ...

Страница 79: ...ys during recovery After complete system recovery the NetBox shuts down automatically and switches off all LEDs are off 3 Disconnect the power supply shortly pulling off the power supply unit Afterwards reconnect the power and boot the system up ...

Страница 80: ...d select Random SID Confirm with Next Figure 49 SID selection With the rename option you can give the NetBox a different name 5 Rename the NetBox optional It must not be more than 15 characters Then confirm with Next for two times ...

Страница 81: ...81 System recovery Figure 50 Rename option ...

Страница 82: ...82 After this the system shuts down The NetBox is ready for use again Figure 51 System update ...

Страница 83: ... each object emits a certain amount of infrared radiation A change in the temperature of the object is accompanied by a change in the intensity of the radiation Searching for new optical material William Herschel by chance found the infrared radiation in 1800 Figure 52 William Herschel 1738 1822 ...

Страница 84: ... even more in the area behind the red end of the spectrum Finally he found the maximum temperature far behind the red area Nowadays this area is called infrared wavelength area Figure 53 The electromagnetic spectrum and the area used for temperature measurement For the measurement of thermal radiation infrared thermometry uses a wave length ranging between 1 µ and 20 µm The intensity of the emitte...

Страница 85: ...ture of infrared thermometers is that they enable the user to measure objects contactless Consequently these products help to measure the temperature of inaccessible or moving objects without difficulties Figure 54 Main principle of noncontact thermometry Infrared thermometers basically consist of the following components Lens Spectral filter Detector Electronics amplifier linearization signal pro...

Страница 86: ...etector in cooperation with the processing electronics transforms the emitted infrared radiation into electrical signals The advantages of noncontact thermometry are clear it supports temperature measurements of moving or overheated objects and of objects in hazardous surroundings very fast response and exposure times measurement without inter reaction no influence on the measuring object non dest...

Страница 87: ...87 Basics of Infrared Thermometry Figure 55 Noncontact thermometry ...

Страница 88: ...ing of electronic cabinets R D of electronics R D of electronic parts Process control extruding plastic parts Process control manufacturing solar modules Process control at calendering R D of mechanical parts Monitoring of cables ...

Страница 89: ...ssivity of 0 1 If the emissivity chosen is too high the infrared thermometer may display a temperature value which is much lower than the real temperature assuming the measuring object is warmer than its surroundings A low emissivity reflective surfaces carries the risk of inaccurate measuring results by interfering infrared radiation emitted by background objects flames heating systems chamottes ...

Страница 90: ...90 Figure 57 Spectral emissivity of several materials 1 Enamel 2 Plaster 3 Concrete 4 Chamotte ...

Страница 91: ...91 CE Conformity 7 CE Conformity ...

Страница 92: ...optris PI LightWeight kit MA E2014 11 B ...

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