MikroTik RouterOS v2.9, Справочное руководство

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Packages required: system
License required: level1 (limited to 1 queue) , level3
Home menu level: /queue
Standards and Technologies: None
Hardware usage: significant
Related Documents
• Software Package Management
• IP Addresses and ARP
• Mangle
Description
Quality of Service (QoS) means that the router should prioritize and shape network traffic. QoS is
not so much about limiting, it is more about providing quality. Below are listed the some features of
MikroTik RouterOS Bandwidth Control mechanism:
• limit data rate for certain IP adresses, subnets, protocols, ports, and other parameters
• limit peer-to-peer traffic
• prioritize some packet flows over others
• use queue bursts for faster WEB browsing
• apply queues on fixed time intervals
• share available traffic among users equally, or depending on the load of the channel
The queuing is applied on packets leaving the router through a real interface (i.e., the queues are
applied on the outgoing interface, regarding the traffic flow), or any of the 3 additional virtual
interfaces (global-in, global-out, global-total).
The QoS is performed by means of dropping packets. In case of TCP protocol, the dropped packets
will be resent so there is no need to worry that with shaping we lose some TCP information.
The main terms used to describe the level of QoS for network applications, are:
• queuing discipline (qdisc) - an algorithm that holds and maintains a queue of packets. It
specifies the order of the outgoing packets (it means that queuing discipline can reorder
packets) and which packets to drop if there is no space for them
• CIR (Committed Information Rate) - the guaranteed data rate. It means that traffic rate, not
exceeding this value should always be delivered
• MIR (Maximal Information Rate) - the maximal data rate router will provide
• Priority - the order of importance in what traffic will be processed. You can give priority to
some traffic in order it to be handeled before some other traffic
• Contention Ratio - the ratio to which the defined data rate is shared among users (when data
rate is allocated to a number of subscribers). It is the number of subscribers that have a single
speed limitation, applied to all of them together. For example, the contention ratio of 1:4 means
that the allocated data rate may be shared between no more than 4 users
Before sending data over an interface, it is processed with a queuing discipline. By default, queuing
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