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Bus / Bus system
A bus system is the electrical connection between control components of a DCC system.
The various bus systems being currently utilized by different manufacturers are basically
not compatible.
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Byte
A byte is a contiguous sequence of a fixed number of bits, normally eight. The decimal
value of a byte varies between “0” and “255”.
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Central Station
The central station is the brain of a digital system. All commands, feedbacks, etc, are
processed here and then transferred to the respective components; either via an
integrated booster to the track or by a bus line to an additional booster.
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CV - Configuration variable
In DCC decoders various settings, so-called CVs, may be defined. A CV consists of a
byte (= 8 bit) and may have a value between “0” and “255”.
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CV-Programming, Direct CV Programming, Direct Mode (DM)
The CV setting may be changed by CV programming. Programming can be done
bit-by-bit ( one of the eight bits is altered) or in bytes (the whole byte - means all 8 bit will
be altered). The system allows a read-out of CVs as well.
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DCC
DCC is the abbreviation for Digital Command Control. It is a standardized model railroad
digital system. Another system is e.g. Motorola. The central station and the decoders
must operate under the same system.
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Decoder
A decoder (switch decoder, loco decoder) converts the commands of the central station
into the respective action (e.g. operate a switch, drive a motor).
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Digital System
A digital system is an electronic control system for multiple train operation on the same
track. In addition to the driving current commands for driving speed, deceleration, as well
as functions e.g. light on/ light off can be transferred via the track to the locomotives.
Every locomotive / car needs to have an individual digital address and they must be
equipped with digital decoders.
Currently various protocols are used but cannot be mixed.
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Digital Address
In a digital system each loco/car or component like switches or signals need an individual
address which consists of numbers. The number of addresses varies with the digital
system used, some contain only 256 addresses, and the Massoth system contains 10239
addresses.
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