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Corrected light scattering

– this is the scattering signal from a detector

with both the light and dark background subtracted from it. (The light
background is modified using the multiple scattering algorithm and cor-
rected for the transmission, which is affected by some of the background
light being obscured by the spray particles.) The Particle Size Distribution
is calculated from the corrected light scattering pattern.

The relationship between these measurements is not quite as simple as described
above. In fact the multiple scattering algorithm is applied to the corrected light
scattering pattern.

The following are examples of good (top graphic) and bad (lower graphic)
background measurements:

Alarms

Alarms are used to send the user a warning if conditions are not suitable for
measurement, for example if the optics are contaminated.

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Содержание Spraytec

Страница 1: ...Spraytec User Manual Spraytec User Manual M A N 0 3 6 8 I s s u e 1 0 N o v 2 0 0 5...

Страница 2: ...for any changes errors or omissions after the date of publication No reproduction or transmission of any part of this publication is allowed without the express written permission of Malvern Instrumen...

Страница 3: ...scattering pattern 2 3 Calculating the particle size 2 7 Displaying results 2 9 Experiments records and files 2 11 CHAPTER 3 The Spraytec hardware Introduction 3 1 Key components 3 1 The Spraytec inst...

Страница 4: ...6 9 Derived Parameters view 6 10 Measurement Parameters view 6 10 Averaging data 6 12 User size bands 6 13 Curve fit 6 15 Using overlays 6 16 Problems with poor data 6 18 Using the Data handling opti...

Страница 5: ...eters 10 2 Triggers 10 5 Alarms 10 8 Spray profiles 10 12 Optical models 10 16 CHAPTER 11 SOP management Introduction 11 1 Editing SOPs 11 1 SOP templates 11 2 Deleting an SOP 11 2 Extracting an SOP 1...

Страница 6: ...usage C 4 APPENDIX D Unpacking instructions APPENDIX E Installation Introduction E 1 Moving the instrument E 1 Changing the computer E 3 APPENDIX F Regulatory statements CE Declaration of Conformity...

Страница 7: ...Part 1 Operator s guide Part 1 Operator s guide...

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Страница 9: ...Introduction to this manual Introduction to this manual C H A P T E R 1...

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Страница 11: ...security How to use this manual Users must read the Health and Safety information in Appendix A before operating the instrument The information given in this appendix applies to the Spraytec instrumen...

Страница 12: ...plementary information not necessary for the general operation of the system Access to the instrument This manual refers to the various people who will have access to the instrument as follows Malvern...

Страница 13: ...raytec software is referred to as the system Menu commands Menu commands in the Spraytec software are always shown in bold text and shown in the form main menu menu item submenu item As an example the...

Страница 14: ...windows clear of spray Extractor used to draw spray through the measurement zone As further accessories become available the manual will be expanded to cover these Help desk All queries regarding the...

Страница 15: ...connection is recommended for making use of this facility Malvern Website www Malvern co uk The Malvern website offers a comprehensive range of particle characterisation resources for use by customer...

Страница 16: ...C H A P T E R 1 S p r a y t e c Page 1 6 M A N 0 3 6 8...

Страница 17: ...What is the Spraytec What is the Spraytec C H A P T E R 2...

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Страница 19: ...between the two functional modules of the instru ment the Transmitter and Receiver modules The Transmitter uses a He Ne Helium Neon laser to produce a laser beam that passes through the spray delivere...

Страница 20: ...SOPs can be created or modified as required SOPs are ideal for measuring the same spray in slightly different ways In stead of setting up sets of largely identical parameters each time the user copie...

Страница 21: ...array Unscattered light is focussed by the focussing lens so that it passes through the pinhole at the centre of the detector array This is measured by the beam power detector detector 0 to give the...

Страница 22: ...d This is known as the measurement The capture is controlled by the user either manually or using an SOP A typical light scattering pattern is shown below Each bar in the histogram represents the scat...

Страница 23: ...he Dark back ground measurement At this point there is no transmission reading and there should also be minimal light diffraction as no light should be able to enter the sealed unit Optical background...

Страница 24: ...ize Distribution is calculated from the corrected light scattering pattern The relationship between these measurements is not quite as simple as described above In fact the multiple scattering algorit...

Страница 25: ...sparent The accepted theory which accurately predicts the light scattering behaviour of all materials under all conditions is known as the Mie theory This was developed to predict the way light is sca...

Страница 26: ...as the same surface area as the original droplet Equivalent maximum length calculation of the diameter of a theoretical sphere that has the same maximum dimension as the original droplet Equivalent mi...

Страница 27: ...each larger particle is 1000 times the volume of one of the small ones Thus as a volume distribution the larger particles represent 99 9 of the total volume Derived distribution parameters The second...

Страница 28: ...in the measurement zone the transmission is 100 A certain amount of light is blocked out when particles are introduced into the measurement area The drop in transmission that occurs when a spray is in...

Страница 29: ...experiment Each of these measurements will produce data for a series of parameters for that individual snapshot This data is stored in a single record The record is the fundamental unit of storage It...

Страница 30: ...t file can be used for each day N o t e Users are prompted to specify where to save data at the start of a measurement Files are large so file sizes must be monitored C H A P T E R 2 S p r a y t e c P...

Страница 31: ...The Spraytec hardware The Spraytec hardware C H A P T E R 3...

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Страница 33: ...is described in the following chapter Key components This diagram shows the key components of a typical complete system These are Spraytec instrument External Power Supply Unit PSU Control computer ru...

Страница 34: ...the Receiver Power switch This section summarises the functions of these components There are two versions of the instrument Standard identified by a green label on the Receiver cover High speed iden...

Страница 35: ...s X bar a PTFE strip on the base of the modules makes it easy to move them along the bar Covers on the end of the X bar prevent spray and dirt ingress Clamps the Transmitter and Receiver are attached...

Страница 36: ...the feet are ever moved vertically out of position readjust them as described in Appendix E Transmitter The Transmitter contains the laser source This produces a collimated beam of 10mm diameter with...

Страница 37: ...the power input cable with the red connectors from the PSU into this Receiver The Receiver holds the lens assembly and photodiode detector elements The lens focuses the scattered light onto the detect...

Страница 38: ...tus indicator on the front This is illuminated when the instrument is fully powered on Connections The connections on the back of the Receiver are labelled as shown below These are used as follows USB...

Страница 39: ...e to this output N o t e A USB error may be reported when in fact the USB cable is connected properly but one of the other cables is not connected If such an error is seen check all cable connections...

Страница 40: ...Spraytec This uses a dedicated Extractor interface box These diagrams show the Universal switching box from the front top picture and the back The connections are as follows Mains power socket Connec...

Страница 41: ...ar sections which clip onto the X bar using clips on their lower surface The central section has four clips the others have two To fit the bench shroud Place the central section over the X bar first p...

Страница 42: ...C H A P T E R 3 S p r a y t e c Page 3 10 M A N 0 3 6 8...

Страница 43: ...The Spraytec software The Spraytec software C H A P T E R 4...

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Страница 45: ...esults The Measurement Manager describes the components of this window which is used to control measurements Average PSD Particle Size Distribution and Overlay windows describes two windows which are...

Страница 46: ...ater in this section Commands which end with a row of dots are those which open a dialogue box Clicking an item which ends with an arrow displays a further menu of commands Toolbar contains shortcuts...

Страница 47: ...can show right click on it and select from the displayed list 1 Size History view plots the values of derived variables for each record against time This is described in detail below 2 Two record view...

Страница 48: ...n the software is first launched after installation Subsequently the software defaults to the last measurement file that was used before the previous shutdown To close a measurement file right click o...

Страница 49: ...window displays a list of commands available for the file type File type Commands smea Close Import PSH Folder Delete Rename psh psd Open Delete Rename Add to Overlay pso Open Delete Rename ssop dat...

Страница 50: ...ed by red horizontal bars in this window see Chapter 6 Other views Besides Size and Transmission the following views are available showing parameters as follows Average Size and Transmission shows Tra...

Страница 51: ...ile is at the start of the chart zero relative time End moves the time axis to show the last measurement in the file is at the right hand end of the chart Page Up moves the selector bar to the first r...

Страница 52: ...about the individual record selected in the Size History view By default they appear above the Size History view For details on all parameters that can be displayed see Chapter 10 Several views are a...

Страница 53: ...be fore the removal of noise The table shown below the graphic includes a Monitor value giving the laser intensity measured at the Transmitter Dark Background also called the electronic background th...

Страница 54: ...refers to the axis that shows the transmission signal Specify the maximum value that is to be displayed on each axis Axis style outside inside grid or none The Measurement Manager When a manual or SOP...

Страница 55: ...e tab Opens online help showing how to use the Measurement Manager Close closes the Measurement Manager and returns to the Records View If Close is pressed while a measurement is in progress the user...

Страница 56: ...tatus bar This shows instructions and the current operation in the measurement sequence Scale buttons and Autoscale When the Autoscale check box is selected the X and Y axes are scaled by the software...

Страница 57: ...e the view to a different view type Overlay window An overlay is used to compare data from up to eight Particle Size Distributions These are shown in a window like that shown below This example shows...

Страница 58: ...ails from a measurement file to a software package such as Excel or Wordpad see Chapter 7 for details Import Imports a txt or csv file formatting the data according to a user selected configuration fi...

Страница 59: ...ialogue itself Delete Records Find and the two Average options are only available for a Size History view Records Record Edits the selected record s The command is Records in a Size History view but R...

Страница 60: ...e option when the list is displayed Measure menu Use this menu when ready to make a measurement Once measurement details have been entered or an SOP chosen the Measurement Manager appears Start SOP Op...

Страница 61: ...Spraytec option only if 21CFR Part 11 features are in use Audit Trail Displays the current audit trail only if 21CFR Part 11 is in use Add Audit Trail Entry Adds to the current audit trail only if 21...

Страница 62: ...Saves a file Prints a file Copy as a Windows metafile Logs in or out Toggles on off display of the measurement file list Starts an SOP Opens an existing SOP Creates a new SOP Averages the selected ran...

Страница 63: ...Measurement tutorial Measurement tutorial C H A P T E R 5...

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Страница 65: ...uring the spray describes how to use the SOP to make the measure ment SOP creation is described for three types of SOP separately Continuous spray these sprays are used in coatings and agrochemicals f...

Страница 66: ...es to warm up to a completely stable state This does not affect other measurement types To start the Spraytec software Double click on the Spraytec desktop icon If the icon is not available open the S...

Страница 67: ...s air bubbles For suspension formulations it may cause the solid particles to sediment out of suspension Propellant sprays For sprays containing propellants be aware that the presence of the propellan...

Страница 68: ...sprayed vertically up wards the coarser particles may fall back down through the measurement zone introducing bias to the results This affects nasal sprays especially and may cause vignetting Chapter...

Страница 69: ...uous sprays pulsed sprays and externally triggered sprays Templates There are three templates initially selected from the wizard s welcome page When one of these is selected suitable defaults for that...

Страница 70: ...ics until the measurement finishes then passed to the computer and Spraytec software for analysis The Spraytec Measurement Processor downloads the measurement data from the instrument to the computer...

Страница 71: ...hemical sprays Here the aim is stability in spray parameters over time Pulsed spray examples include nasal sprays and MDI sprays Here the aim is to meet the FDA requirements for a spray These are disc...

Страница 72: ...r less Click Next N o t e The Lens type is automatically detected If the lens specified here is not installed on the instrument the SOP will not run see Chapter 8 In the Labels dialogue specify any re...

Страница 73: ...these select the Warn if background changes during measurement check box This makes two further options available Lower Detector Limit and Upper Detector Limit set the range of detectors that should b...

Страница 74: ...ng a high concentration spray The Data Handling options allow for refining the measurement further and are detailed in Chapter 6 and in the online help In brief there are three tabs Alarms configures...

Страница 75: ...way data is aggregated Chapter 6 has details To use a different set of bands select the Enable check box and click the button Chapter 6 details the procedure If required to exclude small or large par...

Страница 76: ...rameters are set up click Next to dis play the Wizard Complete dialogue Click Finish When prompted to save the new SOP give it a name which will make it easy for operators to identify what to use it f...

Страница 77: ...e Data acquisition rate 2 5kHz Click Next N o t e The Lens type is automatically detected If the lens specified is not installed on the instrument the SOP will not run see Chapter 8 In the Labels dial...

Страница 78: ...up the online help gives full details The Spraytec Accessories manual describes the NSS Select the Reset reference position on repeat check box if intending to run the SOP multiple times by clicking O...

Страница 79: ...ment checks can be per formed There s no need to set up an output trigger so leave that check box deselected Use the Duration box to specify how long the background measurement will run for before mov...

Страница 80: ...equired to review these For full information on alarms refer to Chapter 10 Click Next The Rapid measurement dialogue appears as shown below Set this up as shown above This produces three 400ms events...

Страница 81: ...lates to the average scattering signal recorded across the active detector channels If using an external trigger select this in the Grouping list Chapter 10 describes external triggers and grouping Th...

Страница 82: ...pray profile lets the user define the path length of the laser beam through the spray providing a more accurate measure of the spray concentration Advanced options allows users to specify the spray pl...

Страница 83: ...and click the button Chapter 6 details the procedure If required to exclude small or large particles from the analysis click the Advanced button Use the Minimum m and Maximum m pa rameters to specify...

Страница 84: ...re Average scatter data the Spraytec calculates the average scattering pattern associated with the records selected for averaging The average size distribution is then calculated from this average sca...

Страница 85: ...averaging is generally used with single shot spray systems such as nasal sprays It produces the averages of the start formation middle fully developed and end dissipation phases of a single event The...

Страница 86: ...d of the stable phase For End select the To end of event check box In some cases it may be useful to save the average of each of the phases in a new Particle Size History psh file as well as in separa...

Страница 87: ...te lens if required also see Chapter 8 In the Labels dialogue specify any required information on the spray its source and lot etc to allow the spray to be traced in the future If required the operato...

Страница 88: ...rement checking Select the Enable output trigger check box This provides an industry standard TTL trigger output for the control of other devices including accessories such as nasal spray actuators Th...

Страница 89: ...gue appears as shown below Select water as the particle and air as the dispersant Enable Multiple Scat tering Analysis especially if testing a high concentration spray The Data Handling options allow...

Страница 90: ...re information on this In the second Analysis dialogue shown below leave the Curve fit as No fit User size bands control the way data is aggregated Chapter 6 has details To use a different set of size...

Страница 91: ...ters for a fuel spray mea surement When these parameters are listed click Next The Averaging dialogue appears The Options section determines how average size distributions are calculated The choices a...

Страница 92: ...iffraction systems Concentration weighted average this weights the calculated average size distribution for the volume concentration measured for each record in the range This allows for fluctuations...

Страница 93: ...ges the data between successive triggers For a fuel spray the averages over a series of these periods should be flat Click OK then Next then Finish to complete the SOP setup Manual measurements Manual...

Страница 94: ...ore the measurement can proceed Follow the instructions then close the display The Edit Documentation dialogue appears prompting for information on the spray lot etc Type this in as required The Measu...

Страница 95: ...asurements If this is the first alignment in this session this may take some minutes otherwise just a short time The Laser intensity is the non scattered light measured by the Receiver The example abo...

Страница 96: ...ge was specified by the SOP the Inspection tab shown below appears Spray some of the material into the measurement zone and observe the obscuration and light energy histogram the dialogue shows These...

Страница 97: ...he sample through the measurement zone the number of times required by the SOP or send an external trigger to start the measurement Once the rapid measurement finishes the Spraytec Measurement Process...

Страница 98: ...d to the folder in the Measurement file window together with the ssop file used to configure the measurement parameters For a manual measurement the settings are stored in a mansettings dat file C H A...

Страница 99: ...Interpreting the results Interpreting the results C H A P T E R 6...

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Страница 101: ...ion Derived Parameters and Measure ment Parameters windows also other window types Averaging data this is used to analyse different phases within a spray User size bands how to change these bands to f...

Страница 102: ...e user changes the size bands see Chapter 10 the initial analysis uses size bands set for the detector design Result under plot this is also known as cumulative undersize or re sult less than It displ...

Страница 103: ...mation is printed at the bottom of the view instead The Size History is the only view type which omits these In this window red bands show times when the system cannot analyse data for example because...

Страница 104: ...hat view type Selecting records Before printing copying exporting averaging editing or deleting records the appropriate records need to be selected in the Size History For each of these operations a d...

Страница 105: ...ile Custom to use a custom range based on the measurement timing usually the time relative to the start of a given measurement or event Click the button to define a custom range This is useful for sel...

Страница 106: ...ious record in the PSH file We recommend saving the file to be edited under a new name and performing the edit on this file This preserves the original record s To re analyse one record Select the rec...

Страница 107: ...a record Choose Edit Find The Find a Record dialogue is displayed Based on spray information that has previously been entered enter the search criteria into the text entry boxes in the Match area Use...

Страница 108: ...ords permission to perform this procedure Deleted information cannot be retrieved except in 21 CFR Part 11 mode where a backup is kept To delete records Optionally select the records to delete with th...

Страница 109: ...e mm the value is the upper limit of the size band In the above ex ample the first size band is from 0 to 0 118mm v the cumulative percentage volume below the given size In the ex ample above 60 88 of...

Страница 110: ...pter 10 For each parameter the value average over the period shown after the table standard deviation minimum size and maximum size are listed Measurement Parameters view The Measurement Parameters vi...

Страница 111: ...apter 10 This is the length of the part of the laser beam which passes through the spray plume Scatter start Scatter end these show the range of detectors used Minimum size Maximum size these show the...

Страница 112: ...ze band data for all the records in the range to derive an average PSD There is also a Weighting option By default all averages are weighted according to the spray concentration at each point This pro...

Страница 113: ...for repetitive spray applications i e fuel in jectors Analysis is based on the triggering points for the repetitive spray generations These averages can be incorporated into the SOP design as describe...

Страница 114: ...s the User Sizes Editor shown below N o t e To modify an existing band select it and click Modify instead of Add To modify the bands manually type in values To remove an existing band click the button...

Страница 115: ...Rosin Rammler uses the Rosin Rammler two parameter distribution model The analysis reports the central size point Drr and distribution width Nrr for this distribution Chapter 10 defines these Log Norm...

Страница 116: ...ncy PSD frequency curves This is the recommended view Corrected light scattering Dark background Light background This example shows cumulative data for five files The table below the graph is a key t...

Страница 117: ...s scaling etc right click on it and select Properties To modify the overlay display Click on the Overlay window and select Edit Modify to display the fol lowing dialogue which gives information on eac...

Страница 118: ...less there is good reason the accuracy and resolution of the analysis will be reduced Vignetting When measuring the particle size of sprays using laser diffraction it is important that the spray is cl...

Страница 119: ...is to repeat the test with the spray closer to the Receiver module If measurements are made outside the working range of the lens the system measures incorrectly the light scattered at wide angles Th...

Страница 120: ...solution of the analysis in the sub micron size range so should only be done if it is not possible to posi tion the spray closer to the Receiver In the above example the effect of vignetting can be ov...

Страница 121: ...g a large scattering response on the first detector channels This signal is much larger than the scattering response seen from the particles within the spray detectors 30 35 As such the analysis repor...

Страница 122: ...e range of the analysis as large particles are not detected but realistic results are obtained In the above example the first detector for the analysis must be set to 12 in order to obtain a realistic...

Страница 123: ...am steering here it may be necessary to exclude the first set of detec tors from the analysis Vignetting it may be necessary to exclude the last set of detectors from the analysis Detectors can be inc...

Страница 124: ...this option is disabled N o t e Excluding detectors from the analysis limits the dynamic range of the analysis Do not exclude detectors unless it is known that an issue such as beam steering or vigne...

Страница 125: ...Using measurement files Using measurement files C H A P T E R 7...

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Страница 127: ...iles The other files are Particle Size History psh this is the primary data file containing all the information in the Size History view and its associated record views Particle Size Distribution psd...

Страница 128: ...ing selected records in an emf file File Save As Size distribution Overlay One of the following A new psd or pso file A txt file An emf file graphic Edit Copy Size history Size distribution Contents o...

Страница 129: ...ze history directly to a file Click on the Size history window Select File Export to display the Se lect Range of Records to Save dialogue To change the selected records use the Selection Mode as desc...

Страница 130: ...e as a txt file or emf file Copying graphics to the clipboard This copies a Size History PSD or Overlay window to the clipboard as a graphic To copy graphics to the clipboard Click in the window and s...

Страница 131: ...ed each time loaded with the Load button The online help gives full details on this and the other parameters Click the OK button Printing The procedure for printing out information is different for th...

Страница 132: ...rom a Particle Size Overlay window Double click on the PSO window and choose File Print or File Print to PDF from the menu to display the Print dialogue Select the check box for each view to include i...

Страница 133: ...Basic maintenance Basic maintenance C H A P T E R 8...

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Страница 135: ...may be necessary to change the distance between the Receiver and Transmitter modules This means moving one or both modules along the X bar N o t e Hold the module casing well away from its windows To...

Страница 136: ...can be made anyhow but if the 30 minute period is not allowed for longer measurements will show alignment drift during this period Caution To change the lens Power off the instrument While holding th...

Страница 137: ...he following The covers periodically using a mild soap solution and silicon cloth The paint has a solvent resistant finish but it is good practice never to use a sol vent based solution as this may re...

Страница 138: ...nsmission Bl system not aligned or windows obscured Warnings or errors in spray measurements The possible messages are as follows Empty record no data available the record could not be analysed as no...

Страница 139: ...Part 2 Supervisor s guide Part 2 Supervisor s guide...

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Страница 141: ...Security Security C H A P T E R 9...

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Страница 143: ...or more persons that have the same access rights Permissions are the access rights that are allowed for each user group these range from allowing SOPs to be edited to disabling view selection The admi...

Страница 144: ...g up the Administrator The first time the system is run just one user named Administrator and one user group named Administrators are created automatically The Administrators group is originally set t...

Страница 145: ...s logged in only functions matching their relevant permissions will be accessible all other functions will be greyed out To change from one user to another without closing down the software the first...

Страница 146: ...Security configuration dialogue select User New Group or double click on an empty Groups row to display the Group Properties dialogue shown below Enter a Group name and a Description of the group s pu...

Страница 147: ...sions list using its scroll bar Click OK to save the group To edit an existing group Double click on an existing group in the Security Configuration dia logue to display the Group Properties dialogue...

Страница 148: ...lds To set passwords the recommended approach is for the administrator to specify a previously arranged password such as the user s name and force the user to change their password the next time they...

Страница 149: ...ceed as described above for adding a user When a user logs on If security is configured the user is asked for a password by this dialogue when they try to log in If the administrator selected the User...

Страница 150: ...ir own password by using Security Change password To keep the system secure it is advisable for users to change their passwords regularly to prevent unauthorised access The only possible exception is...

Страница 151: ...Advanced features Advanced features C H A P T E R 1 0...

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Страница 153: ...escribes how warning and error generation is controlled Spray profiles to improve the analysis the Spraytec SOP gives the user the option of defining the shape size and position of the spray plume in...

Страница 154: ...ler than The commonest are Dv 10 Dv 50 and Dv 90 which are among the Standard Values but any other can be specified D x1 x2 the moment means The most commonly used are D 3 2 the Surface Area Moment Me...

Страница 155: ...The final parameter is always the Dv 50 and x1 should be greater than x2 When x1 90 and x2 10 the value is called the span The narrower the distribution the smaller the span becomes The span is calcu...

Страница 156: ...ement and coal industries though is less commonly used now Its parameters are provided for historical comparisons It uses this equation to fit the size distribution F d x N exp The Spraytec calculatio...

Страница 157: ...s when a specified scattering level is reached on the specified detector External trigger measurement begins when an external TTL signal is received from another device Event number and duration A tri...

Страница 158: ...ndustry standard trigger configuration trigger ing a system by an electronic input moving between two states a low state where the applied voltage is 0 volts and a high state where the applied voltage...

Страница 159: ...ribed in Chapter 5 Output trigger An output TTL trigger is provided to fire an external device connected to the Spraytec s TRIGGER OUTPUT port To set up a trigger In the SOP wizard Measurement Setup d...

Страница 160: ...m levels Warning if this occurs the measurement data continues to be analysed A warning message denoted by an exclamation mark is displayed at the bottom of the Measurement parameters record view Erro...

Страница 161: ...f An electrical background measurement finds the electrical background noise is too high or detects too much ambient light In this case an elec tronic background alarm is raised An optical background...

Страница 162: ...he measurement zone If this alarm occurs clean the windows Avg scattering signal this alarm occurs when the average scattering across all active detectors is greater than the threshold levels set This...

Страница 163: ...ceiving the most light If the measurements are higher than the values entered in these fields the alarm is raised and the windows should be cleaned Expiry alarms This alarm occurs if the specified tim...

Страница 164: ...nimum transmission which will be accepted as part of a measurement If the measured transmission falls below the Error level set here no Particle Size Distribution is calculated This er ror occurs at h...

Страница 165: ...Additional profiles can also be set up these will be made available to other users at the site To select one of the default profiles or create a new profile select the En able saved profile check box...

Страница 166: ...s of the spray plume Input fields for both Ry and Rz are provided as the radius values will be different when measuring an elliptical plume Ry the vertical radius of the plume Z the offset of the cent...

Страница 167: ...relative concentration of the plume at the specified position along the radius Here the most concentrated part of the plume will have a relative concentration of 100 The concentration at every other p...

Страница 168: ...e to errors approaching 30 especially when the relative refractive index of the material and medium is close to unity or when the particles are transparent as is the case for water droplets When the p...

Страница 169: ...he particle Refractive Index Imaginary the imaginary or complex refractive in dex This describes the amount of absorption that takes place as the light enters the particle Density the density in g cm3...

Страница 170: ...C H A P T E R 1 0 S p r a y t e c Page 10 18 M A N 0 3 6 8...

Страница 171: ...SOP management SOP management C H A P T E R 1 1...

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Страница 173: ...tor review the settings for each stage and make any re quired changes For details on any of the parameters refer to Chapter 5 The SOP Editor has all the same dialogues as the SOP Wizard The tree struc...

Страница 174: ...P To delete an SOP In Windows Explorer navigate to the Spraytec SOP directory and delete the ssop file Extracting an SOP The SOP settings used to produce a measurement can be To extract an SOP Select...

Страница 175: ...Part 3 Appendices Part 3 Appendices...

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Страница 177: ...Health and Safety Health and Safety A P P E N D I X A...

Страница 178: ......

Страница 179: ...nt or the sprays to be measured may be hazardous if misused Read and fully understand this section before operating the system Use of the system in a manner not specified by Malvern Instruments Ltd ma...

Страница 180: ...the instrument Laser safety regulations The Spraytec is a Class 3R laser product The instrument contains a Helium Neon laser with a continuous laser beam of wavelength 632 8nm power less than 5mW and...

Страница 181: ...bels There are two laser warning labels on the front of the Transmitter Transmitter back panel label There is one laser warning label on the back of the Transmitter A P P E N D I X A S p r a y t e c P...

Страница 182: ...kin infections or irritations Do not smoke during measurement procedures particularly where inflam mable sprays are used or stored Do not eat or drink during measurement procedures particularly where...

Страница 183: ...king it in its original packaging Disposing of the instrument and accessories When it is eventually time to dispose of the system do this in a responsible manner The following guidelines should be fol...

Страница 184: ...A P P E N D I X A S p r a y t e c Page A 6 M A N 0 3 6 8...

Страница 185: ...Specification Specification A P P E N D I X B...

Страница 186: ......

Страница 187: ...ax output power 5mW Beam diameter measurement zone 10mm 1 e Beam wavelength 632 8nm Optical unit Measurement principle Laser diffraction Size range 0 1 m to 2000 m Lens ranges 300 mm lens 750 mm lens...

Страница 188: ...Mode Enhanced 10kHz requires software feature key Maximum measurement time Continuous Mode 60 mins at 1Hz Rapid Mode Standard 30 sec at 2 5 kHz Rapid Mode Enhanced 30 sec at 10 kHz Accuracy Better th...

Страница 189: ...analysis Database utility Searching sorting and filtering by search criteria of data records on all parameters of interest Data Export Direct to Excel or other spreadsheet packages 21 CFR Part 11 Tec...

Страница 190: ...he spray are manufactured from materials that are considered to give the widest protection from chemical attack However it is important to check that any spray used is chemically compatible with the m...

Страница 191: ...Site requirements f r o m M A N 0 3 6 8 I s s u e 1 0 Site requirements A P P E N D I X C...

Страница 192: ...for any changes errors or omissions after the date of publication No reproduction or transmission of any part of this publication is allowed without the express written permission of Malvern Instrumen...

Страница 193: ...atory Spraytec instrument and its accessories are intended for indoor use only For this instrument Position the instrument away from strong light sources e g windows Position the instrument away from...

Страница 194: ...the external PSU which must be located outside of the spray zone Overvoltage Category II IEC 60664 Mains supply voltage fluctuations 10 of nominal voltage Storage Store the instrument in a dry place w...

Страница 195: ...00 240V 50 60Hz 1 NSS 100 240V 50 60Hz 0 Switching box 100 240V 50 60Hz 1 Extractor 100 240V 50 60Hz 1 Computer See manufacturer s documentation 1 Computer monitor See manufacturer s documentation 1 P...

Страница 196: ...the plug electrical outlet and the point where the cord exits the product WARNING Do not operate this product with a damaged power cord set If the power cord set is damaged in any manner replace it im...

Страница 197: ...e 1 0 D ballez l instrument Auspacken des Gerates Desempaquetado del aparato Desempacotamento do instrumento Unpacking instructions D ballez l instrument Auspacken des Gerates Desempaquetado del apara...

Страница 198: ...astic bonding straps D coupez les courroies d attache en plastique Die Kunststoffb nder durchschneiden Cortar las tiras de sujeci n de pl stico del embalaje Corte as tiras pl sticas que prendem o conj...

Страница 199: ...Pakete aus dem Karton nehmen und auspacken Retirar todos los dem s paquetes de la caja y desenvolverlos Retire todas as outras embalagens da caixa e abra as 5 Retain all packaging in case the instrum...

Страница 200: ...A P P E N D I X D S p r a y t e c Page D 3 M A N 0 3 6 8...

Страница 201: ...Installation Installation A P P E N D I X E...

Страница 202: ......

Страница 203: ...C Site Requirements Moving the instrument Handle the instrument carefully and do not subject it to any strong physical shock Warning Short distance movements If moving the system just within a room P...

Страница 204: ...ter and monitors following the manufac turer s instructions At the new location reverse the above procedure Set up all computer connections following the manufacturer s instructions Adjusting the Spra...

Страница 205: ...el To install the software Insert the Spraytec CD in the CD drive If Autorun is enabled on the computer the software will start to install au tomatically Follow all on screen instructions to complete...

Страница 206: ...A P P E N D I X E S p r a y t e c Page E 4 M A N 0 3 6 8...

Страница 207: ...Regulatory statements Regulatory statements A P P E N D I X F...

Страница 208: ......

Страница 209: ...dge on this product signifies conformance to European Commission Directives N o t e This product s CE compliance is valid only if it is powered with the Malvern provided and CE marked AC adapter A P P...

Страница 210: ...ound to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipm...

Страница 211: ...rtment of Communications Note that Canadian Department of Communications DOC regulations provide that changes or modifications not expressly approved by Malvern Instruments Limited could void your aut...

Страница 212: ...CCI Translation This is a Class A product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Information Technology Equipment VCCI If this equipment is used in a domestic envir...

Страница 213: ...Index Index...

Страница 214: ......

Страница 215: ...5 electrical 3 6 problems 8 4 tab 4 11 Background alarms setting 10 9 uses 10 9 Background Intensity BI 10 4 Beam steering avoiding 5 3 6 21 causes 6 20 example 6 21 excluding detectors 6 23 Bench sh...

Страница 216: ...2 Editing an SOP 11 1 11 2 Electrical background 10 9 Electrical warnings A 1 Electronic alarms 10 11 Environmental conditions C 1 Error background 8 4 how signalled 6 3 spray measurement 8 4 Event nu...

Страница 217: ...izes view 4 6 6 4 Measure menu 4 16 Measure Sample tab 4 11 Measurement file 4 4 Measurement file window commands 4 5 components 4 4 Measurement manager using 5 30 Measurement Manager described 4 10 M...

Страница 218: ...Pollution degree C 2 Positioning a spray 5 3 Power requirements C 3 Power sockets C 1 Power switch 3 7 Powering on 5 2 Pre measurement settings 5 8 5 13 Preparing a spray 2 2 Preparing to measure 5 3...

Страница 219: ...ositioning 5 3 preparation 2 2 priming 5 3 propellant effects 5 3 Spray nozzle profile 10 13 Spray profile and extinction analysis 6 24 editor 10 14 introduction 10 12 SSA Specific Surface Area 2 10 1...

Страница 220: ...e Distribution 4 9 Raw Light Scattering 4 9 View menu 4 16 Vignetting avoiding 5 3 6 20 causes 5 4 described 6 18 example 6 19 excluding detectors 6 23 W Warnings background 8 4 electrical A 1 how not...

Страница 221: ......

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