Lamborghini Caloreclima TAURA D 24 MCS, Инструкция по использованию, установке и обслуживанию

Страница: 53 / 64

TAURA D MCS
53 RU
cod. 3541A220 - 01/2011 (Rev. 00)
ɉɥɚɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɞɚɬɱɢɤɚ
(
ɨɩɰɢɹ
)
ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ
ɪɟɠɢɦɟ
"
ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ
".
ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɞɵ
,
ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ , ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ
,
ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɪɭɝɥɨɝɨɞɢɱɧɵɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬ
ɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɸ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ
.
ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ
,
ɩɪɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ
ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɞɵ , ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ , ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ
ɫ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ
"
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɢ
".
ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ , ɡɚɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɧɨɩɨɤ
ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ( ɉɨɡ .3 - ɪɢɫ . 1), ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ , ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ .
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɟɟ ɧɚ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ , ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬɶ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ .
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦɢ ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ
.
ȼ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɚɦ
ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬɚ
.
Ʉɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ
ɉɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ
5
ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ
"
ɋȻɊɈɋ
" (
ɩɨɡ
. 6 -
ɪɢɫ
. 1)
ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɜ
ɦɟɧɸ
"
ɉɥɚɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
";
ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɦɢɝɚɟɬ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ
"CU".
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ Ƚȼɋ ( ɩɨɡ . 1 - ɪɢɫ . 1) ɞɥɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɧɭɠɧɨɣ
ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɨɬ 1 ɞɨ 10. ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɧɚ 0,
ɪɟɠɢɦ " ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ " ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ .
ɉɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɤɧɨɩɨɤ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
(
ɩɨɡ
. 3 -
ɪɢɫ
. 1)
ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɸ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ
;
ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚ
ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɦɢɝɚɟɬ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ
"OF".
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ Ƚȼɋ
(
ɩɨɡ
. 1 -
ɪɢɫ
. 1)
ɞɥɹ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɢɜɵɯ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ
(
ɪɢɫ
. 6).
ɉɪɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɦ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ 5 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ " ɋɛɪɨɫ " ( ɩɨɡ 6 - ɪɢɫ . 1)
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɯɨɞ ɢɡ ɦɟɧɸ " ɉɥɚɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ".
ȿɫɥɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɢɠɟ ɧɭɠɧɨɣ
,
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ
ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɧɚɨɛɨɪɨɬ
.
Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɭɣɬɟ
,
ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɹ
,
ɤɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɷɬɨ ɫɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ
.
ɪɢɫ . 6 - ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
A
ȿɫɥɢ ɤ ɤɨɬɥɭ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ
ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
( ɨɩɰɢɹ ), ɜɵɲɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦɢ , ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ . 1
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɨɪɚ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ , ɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɨɟ ɝɢɞɪɨɦɟɬɪɨɦ
ɤɨɬɥɚ ( ɩɨɡ . 2 - ɪɢɫ . 7), ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ 1,0 ɛɚɪ . ȿɫɥɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɭɩɚɥɨ ɞɨ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɧɢɠɟ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ
ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɣ
, ɬɨ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ , ɚ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɜɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɞ
ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ F37 . ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɪɚɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɥɢɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ ( ɩɨɡ . 1 ɪɢɫ . 7 ( A = Ɉɬɤɪɵɬ
- B = Ɂɚɤɪɵɬ ) ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ . ɉɨ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ
ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɤɪɚɧ ɡɚɥɢɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ .
ɪɢɫ . 7 - Ʉɪɚɧ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɥɢɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ
3. ɆɈɇɌȺɀ
3.1
ɍɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ
ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ ɂ ɇȺɋɌɊɈɃɄȺ ȽɈɊȿɅɄɂ ȾɈɅɀɇȺ ɈɋɍɓȿɋɌȼɅəɌɖɋə ɌɈɅɖɄɈ
ɋɉȿɐɂȺɅɂɁɂɊɈȼȺɇɇɕɆ ɉȿɊɋɈɇȺɅɈɆ , ɂɆȿɘɓɂɆ ɉɊɈȼȿɊȿɇɇɍɘ
ɄȼȺɅɂɎɂɄȺɐɂɘ , ɉɊɂ ɋɈȻɅɘȾȿɇɂɂ ɉɊɂȼȿȾȿɇɇɕɏ ȼ ɇȺɋɌɈəɓȿɆ ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɈɆ
ɊɍɄɈȼɈȾɋɌȼȿ ɍɄȺɁȺɇɂɃ , ɉɊȿȾɉɂɋȺɇɂɃ ȾȿɃɋɌȼɍɘɓȿȽɈ ɁȺɄɈɇɈȾȺɌȿɅɖɋɌȼȺ ,
ɉɈɅɈɀȿɇɂɃ ɆȿɋɌɇɕɏ ɇɈɊɆ ɂ ɉɊȺȼɂɅ , ɂ ȼ ɋɈɈɌȼȿɌɋɌȼɂɂ ɋ ɉɊɂɇəɌɕɆɂ
ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɂɆɂ ɌɊȿȻɈȼȺɇɂəɆɂ .
3.2
Ɇɟɫɬɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
Ʉɚɦɟɪɚ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨ ɢɡɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ , ɱɬɨ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɜ ɥɸɛɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ . Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ , ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ
ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɬɟɥ , ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɨɩɚɫɧɵɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɯɨɬɹ ɛɵ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɭɬɟɱɟɤ ɝɚɡɚ . ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɟ ȿɗɋ ʋ 90/396
ɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɧɨɪɦɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ,
ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚ ɝɚɡɟ , ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ ɫ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ .
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɦ
EN 297 pr A6
ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɦ
ɦɟɫɬɟ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɧɟ ɧɢɠɟ
-5°C.
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ
ɤɨɬɟɥ ɩɨɞ ɫɤɚɬɨɦ ɤɪɵɲɢ
,
ɧɚ ɛɚɥɤɨɧɟ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɭɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɨɬ ɧɟɩɨɝɨɞɵ ɧɢɲɟ
.
ȼ ɥɸɛɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɵɥɶ , ɨɝɧɟɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɢ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɢɥɢ ɟɞɤɢɟ ɝɚɡɵ .
Ʉɨɬɟɥ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɜɟɫɤɢ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɭ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ ɫ ɩɨɞɜɟɫɧɵɦ
ɤɪɨɧɲɬɟɣɧɨɦ
.
ɉɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ ɤɪɨɧɲɬɟɣɧ ɤ ɫɬɟɧɟ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ
,
ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ
ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɥɨɠɤɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ
,
ɢ ɩɨɞɜɟɫɶɬɟ ɧɚ ɧɟɝɨ ɤɨɬɟɥ
.
ɉɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɚɡɭ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɲɚɛɥɨɧ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɦɟɬɤɢ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɟ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɩɪɨɫɜɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɟɩɟɠɧɵɯ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣ
.
ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɟ ɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ
ɤɨɬɥɚ
.
A
ȿɫɥɢ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɤɨɦ ɤ ɫɬɟɧɟ , ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ , ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ ɤɨɠɭɯɚ ɢ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ .
3.3
Ƚɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
B
ɋɥɢɜɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɨ ɫ
ɜɨɪɨɧɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɤɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɣ ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɥɢɜɚ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɨɥ ɜ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɟɧɢɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
.
ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ
ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɡɚɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɢ
ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ
.
B
ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ ɤ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ,
ɭɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶ , ɱɬɨ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɦɫɹ ɜɢɞɟ ɝɚɡɚ ɢ
ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɜɫɟ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ .
ȼɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɭɛ ɤ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɮɢɬɢɧɝɚɦ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɣ
ɧɚ ɨɛɥɨɠɤɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ
,
ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ
,
ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɟ
.
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
,
ɟɫɥɢ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ
25° Fr (1°F = 10
ɩɩɦ
CaCO
3
),
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɚ
,
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɧɚɤɢɩɢ ɜ ɤɨɬɥɟ
.
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ , ɠɢɞɤɢɟ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɵ , ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɵ
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɠɢɞɤɢɯ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɨɜ
,
ɞɨɛɚɜɨɤ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɨɜ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
,
ɟɫɥɢ ɢɯ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɞɚɟɬ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɸ
,
ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɳɭɸ
,
ɱɬɨ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɜɢɞɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬ
ɜɪɟɞɚ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤɭ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɭɸɳɢɦ ɢ
/
ɢɥɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ
,
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ
ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
.
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɠɢɞɤɢɟ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɵ
,
ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɢ
ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɵ
,
ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɯ ɢ
ɧɟɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɵɟ ɫ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢ
,
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
.
3.4 ɉɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɝɚɡɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɭ
Ƚɚɡɨɜɭɸ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɤ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ
(
ɫɦ
.
ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɧɚ
ɨɛɥɨɠɤɟ
)
ɩɪɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ
,
ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɣ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɬɪɭɛɵ ɢɥɢ ɛɟɫɲɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɝɢɛɤɨɝɨ ɲɥɚɧɝɚ ɢɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ
.
Ɇɟɠɞɭ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ
ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶɸ ɢ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɶ
.
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ
ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɫɟɯ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ
.
3.5 ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
B
Ⱥɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɤ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ , ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ . ɗɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ
ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɟɧɵ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ
ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ . ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ
ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɭɳɟɪɛ , ɦɨɝɭɳɢɣ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ
ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ .
ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɬɥɟ ɭɠɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ
,
ɨɧ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɫɟɬɟɜɵɦ ɲɧɭɪɨɦ ɬɢɩɚ
"Y"
ɛɟɡ ɜɢɥɤɢ
.
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ
ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
,
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ
ɞɜɭɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɵɦ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɫ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ
3
ɦɦ
.
ɇɚ
ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɢ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɩɥɚɜɤɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɧɚ ɫɢɥɭ ɬɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ
3 A.
ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɫɨɛɥɸɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɶ
(
ɎȺɁȺ
:
ɤɨɪɢɱɧɟɜɵɣ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞ
/
ɇȿɃɌɊȺɅɖ
:
ɫɢɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞ
/
ɁȿɆɅə
:
ɠɟɥɬɨ
-
ɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞ
.
B
ɉɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɸ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɡɚɦɟɧɭ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ .
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɤ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ
ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ . ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ , ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɬɢɩɚ “HAR H05 VV-F”
3x0,75 ɦɦ 2 ɫ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɵɦ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 8 ɦɦ .
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɟɧɸ ɉɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ
ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
,
ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ
.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
ɝɨɪɹɱɟɝɨ ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ
(
Ƚȼɋ
)
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɟɧɸ ɉɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ
ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
,
ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ
.
ɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ " Ʌɟɬɨ "/
"
Ɂɢɦɚ
"
Ɋɟɠɢɦ " Ʌɟɬɨ " ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɨɦ ɧɚɞ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ ɧɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ
ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
,
ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɢɬɶ ɨɬ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
.
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ " ɗɄɈɇɈɆɂɑɇɕɃ "/
"
ɄɈɆɎɈɊɌ
"
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ
.
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
85
20 10 0 -10 -20
1
2
3
4
5
6
8 9 10
7
20 10 0 -10 -20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
85
1
2
3
4
5 6 8 9 10 7
OFFSET = 20 OFFSET = 40
A
B
2
1