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Lake Shore Model 460 Gaussmeter User’s Manual

C-2

Hall Generators

C-460-C-1.eps

Figure C-1. Hall Generator Theory

C2.2

ORIENTATION

Hall generators come in two main configurations, axial and transverse. Transverse devices are
generally thin and rectangular in shape. They are applied successfully in magnetic circuit gaps,
surface measurements and general open field measurements. Axial sensors are mostly cylindrical in
shape. Their applications include ring magnet center bore measurements, solenoids, surface field
detection and general field sensing.

C-460-C-2.eps

Figure C-2. Axial and Transverse Configurations

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Содержание 460

Страница 1: ...support or relationship whatsoever has existed which in any way affects or mitigates proprietary rights of Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc in these developments Methods and apparatus disclosed herein may be subject to U S Patents existing or applied for Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc reserves the right to add improve modify or withdraw functions design modifications or products at any time without notice L...

Страница 2: ...d herein Lake Shore undertakes no responsibility that the products will be fit for any particular purpose for which you may be buying the Products Any implied warranty is limited in duration to the warranty period No oral or written information or advice given by the Company its Agents or Employees shall create a warranty or in any way increase the scope of this limited warranty Some countries sta...

Страница 3: ...nty the code contained in the firmware must not be modified Any changes made to the code is at the user s risk Lake Shore will assume no responsibility for damage or errors incurred as result of any changes made to the firmware Under the terms of this agreement you may only use the Model 460 firmware as physically installed in the instrument Archival copies are strictly forbidden You may not decom...

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Страница 5: ...object of the declaration described above is in conformity with the relevant Union harmonization legislation 2014 35 EU Low Voltage Directive 2014 30 EU EMC Directive References to the relevant harmonized standards used to the specification in relation to which conformity is declared EN 61010 1 2010 Overvoltage Category II Pollution Degree 2 EN 61326 1 2013 Class A Controlled Electromagnetic Envir...

Страница 6: ...d to take adequate measures The instrument was tested under normal operating conditions with sensor and interface cables attached If the installation and operating instructions in the User s Manual are followed there should be no degradation in EMC performance Pay special attention to instrument cabling Improperly installed cabling may defeat even the best EMC protection For the best performance f...

Страница 7: ...Lake Shore Model 460 Gaussmeter User s Manual ...

Страница 8: ......

Страница 9: ...ff 3 4 3 1 5 Vector Source 3 5 3 2 Max Hold and Max Reset 3 5 3 3 Zero Probe 3 6 3 4 Select Range and Auto Range 3 7 3 5 AC DC and Peak RMS 3 8 3 6 Filter 3 9 3 7 Field and Temperature Compensation 3 11 3 8 Gauss Tesla 3 11 3 9 Relative Set and Relative On Off 3 12 3 10 Alarm Set and Alarm On Off 3 13 3 11 Local and Interface 3 16 3 12 Display 3 17 3 13 Analog Out 3 17 3 13 1 Corrected Analog Out ...

Страница 10: ...Summary 4 22 4 3 1 Common Commands 4 24 4 3 2 Interface Commands 4 27 4 3 3 Device Specific Commands 4 30 4 3 4 Probe Specific Commands 4 39 5 ACCESSORIES AND PROBES 5 1 5 0 General 5 1 5 1 Models 5 1 5 2 Accessories 5 1 5 3 Lake Shore Standard Probes 5 3 5 3 1 Probe Selection Criteria 5 3 5 3 2 Radiation Effects on Gaussmeter Probes 5 4 5 3 3 2 Axis and 3 Axis Probes 5 4 5 3 4 Probe Specification...

Страница 11: ...robe 5 7 5 8 Definition of Lake Shore Axial Probes 5 8 5 9 Definition of Lake Shore Flexible Transverse Probes 5 9 5 10 Definition of Lake Shore Flexible Axial Probe 5 9 5 11 Model MH 2 5 Helmholtz Coil 5 10 5 12 Model MH 6 Helmholtz Coil 5 11 5 13 Model MH 12 Helmholtz Coil 5 11 5 14 Lake Shore Reference Magnets 5 12 5 15 Model 4060 Zero Gauss Chamber 5 13 5 16 Model 4065 Large Zero Gauss Chamber...

Страница 12: ... 12 4 4 Serial Interface Specifications 4 15 4 5 Serial Interface Program Control Properties 4 18 4 6 Visual Basic Serial Interface Program 4 19 4 7 Quick Basic Serial Interface Program 4 20 4 8 Command Summary 4 23 B 1 Conversion from CGS to SI Units B 1 B 2 Recommended SI Values for Physical Constants B 2 C 1 Cryogenic Hall Generator Specifications C 5 C 2 Axial Hall Generator Specifications C 6...

Страница 13: ...ffect sensors and probes This strength is most apparent when multiple axis measurements are required The Model 460 is optimized for use with Lake Shore two and three axis probes as well as standard Hall sensors single axis probes and probe accessories The instrument automatically reads data stored in the probe connector to identify probe type and capability If standard products are not sufficient ...

Страница 14: ...ith 5 digit resolution DC field variations approaching 0 010 mG can be detected In larger DC fields resolution of 1 part in 300 000 can be achieved RMS and peak measurements are limited to 4 digits or 1 part in 30 000 resolution because environmental noise is more difficult to separate from desired signal in those modes The filter feature can be used to improve resolution in noisy environments by ...

Страница 15: ...15 G DC 22 2 13 G X Y Differential readings X Z Xreading Yreading are possible with the Model 460 X Y and Z Axis with Max Hold on Vector Magnitude 58 190 G DC 109 752 G DC 198 25 1 G DC 2 15 936 G MAX X Y and Z Channels as 3 Separate Gaussmeters 2 13 524 G DC ª 5 067 G RMS 17 374 k G PK C 460 1 2 eps Figure 1 2 Various Model 460 Probe Configurations ...

Страница 16: ...el lockout brightness control Interfaces RS 232C Capabilities Baud 300 1200 9600 Connector RJ 11 configuration Update Rate Up to 14 readings per second IEEE 488 Capabilities Complies with IEEE 488 2 SH1 AH1 SR1 RL1 PP0 DC1 DT0 C0 E1 Software Support LabView Driver Update Rate 18 rdgs sec Vector Off 14 rdgs sec Vector On Alarm Settings High and low set point Inside Outside Audible Actuators Display...

Страница 17: ...t is equipped with a three conductor AC power cable Plug the power cable into an approved three contact electrical outlet or use a three contact adapter with the grounding wire green firmly connected to an electrical ground safety ground at the power outlet The power jack and mating plug of the power cable meet Underwriters Laboratories UL and International Electrotechnical Commission IEC safety s...

Страница 18: ...Lake Shore Model 460 Gaussmeter User s Manual 1 6 Introduction This Page Intentionally Left Blank ...

Страница 19: ...fy Lake Shore Notify Lake Shore immediately of any missing parts Lake Shore cannot be responsible for any missing parts unless notified within 60 days of shipment Refer to the standard Lake Shore Warranty on the A Page behind the title page 2 2 REPACKAGING FOR SHIPMENT If it is necessary to return the Model 460 probe s or accessories for repair or replacement a Return Goods Authorization RGA numbe...

Страница 20: ...ify AC Line Voltage shown in the fuse holder window is appropriate for the intended AC power input Also remove and verify the proper fuse is installed before plugging in and turning on the instrument CAUTION Always turn off the instrument before making any rear panel connections This is especially critical when making probe to instrument connections 460_Back bmp Description Pin Definition Line Inp...

Страница 21: ...rument is On When O is raised the instrument is Off F 460 2 2 eps Figure 2 2 Line Input Assembly 2 5 PROBE INPUT CONNECTION WARNING Some probes used with the gaussmeter have conductive parts Never probe near exposed live voltage Personal injury and damage to the instrument may result CAUTION Always turn off the instrument before making any rear panel Probe Input connections Lake Shore probes plug ...

Страница 22: ... casing is for ground All outputs may be used simultaneously The corrected output is not a real time signal but is updated at the same rate as the display The monitor outputs are live analog signals proportional to the magnetic flux density waveform of the respective channel Refer to Paragraph 3 13 for further operational information 2 7 INITIAL SETUP AND SYSTEM CHECKOUT PROCEDURE This procedure v...

Страница 23: ...ve slides up and down the probe cable To place the probe in the zero gauss chamber slide the protective sleeve back exposing the probe tip before placing the tip in the chamber 9 Place the probe in the zero gauss chamber Once inserted press the Channel key in this case Channel X then press the Zero Probe key You will see the following display Pr es s Ent er W i t h Pr obe At Zer o Set t i ng Chann...

Страница 24: ...netic field This does not apply to 3 axis probes This and other effects on probe operation are explained in Paragraph 3 17 13 Carefully place probe into reference magnet You may have to hunt around for the maximum reading For this example we are using a 999 1 Gauss Reference Magnet Our reading appeared as follows 0 9950 k G MAX Assuming we are using a probe attached to the X axis the maximum readi...

Страница 25: ...Definitions The keys on the front panel are defined as follows Note the following are abbreviated descriptions of each key A more detailed description of each function is provided in subsequent paragraphs X Selects Channel X Once pressed selection of any subsequent channel specific functions relative alarm range etc will affect Channel X Press and hold to turn the channel off Refer to Paragraph 3 ...

Страница 26: ...s to tesla Gauss G is used in the cgs system where 1 G 10 4 T Tesla T is used in the SI system where 1 T 104 G This is a global setting applies to all channels Refer to Paragraph 3 8 Relative Set With the relative feature turned on this key is used to capture the present field reading as the relative setpoint You also have the option of entering a number via the numerical keypad Works with the Rel...

Страница 27: ...ay Enter The Enter key is used to accept changes made in the field display Press and hold the Enter key to gain access to the Keypad Lock display A 3 digit code may be entered to lockout the keypad from accepting changes Refer to Paragraph 3 14 3 1 2 Front Panel Display In normal operation the four row by twenty character vacuum fluorescent display provides readings for Channel X on the first line...

Страница 28: ...nnel X This will continue until another channel or the Vector Magnitude key is pressed or the unit is turned off in which case it will default back to Channel X After a short timeout the X channel display will return to normal with the Max Hold value being displayed on the first line as seen in the following display 0 09228 k G MAX 0 26776 k G DC 0 90952 k G DC 0 95260 k G DC 3 1 4 Channel On Off ...

Страница 29: ...dentifier MAX will appear in the normal display instead of the vector source The following is a mathematical description of the components that comprise the Vector Magnitude source Full 3 axis In the X Y plane In the X Z plane In the Y Z plane Differential 3 2 MAX HOLD AND MAX RESET The Max Hold function displays the largest field magnitude measured since the last Max Reset When the Max Hold key i...

Страница 30: ... is used to null cancel out the zero offset of the probe or small magnetic fields It is normally used in conjunction with the zero gauss chamber but may also be used with an unshielded probe registering the local earth magnetic field If three separate probes are being used each probe may be independently zeroed For the three axis probes each axis may be independently zeroed Users wishing to cancel...

Страница 31: ...hich one the Vector Magnitude range will also switch to 30 kG High Stability Probe HST Gauss Tesla Resolution Resolution Range AC or DC with Filter Off DC Filter On Range AC or DC with Filter Off DC Filter On 300 kG 0 01 kG 0 001 kG 30 T 0 001 T 0 0001 T 30 kG 0 001 kG 0 0001 kG 3 T 0 0001 T 0 00001 T 3 kG 0 0001 kG 0 00001 kG 300 mT 0 01 mT 0 001 mT 300 G 0 01 G 0 001 G 30 mT 0 001 mT 0 0001 mT H...

Страница 32: ... display Sel ec t W i t h Aut o Range On Of f Set t i ng Channel X Pressing the Auto Range or s or t keys cycles between On and Off Push the Enter key to accept the new setting or the Escape key to leave the setting as is and return to the normal display Auto Ranging should not be used with Peak and Max Hold operation Also Auto Ranging should not be used when measuring small fields in a large back...

Страница 33: ...setpoints are maintained but Max Hold operation changes Refer to Paragraph 3 2 for details of Max Hold operation 3 6 FILTER The Filter key is used to initiate the display filter function The display filter function is used to quiet the display and make it more readable when the probe is exposed to a noisy field The display filter can be turned on or off independently for each probe channel The fil...

Страница 34: ...indow can be set from 1 to 10 of the present range The Model 460 uses two different filter algorithms that result in slightly different settling time computations For filter points from 2 to 8 a linear average is used to get the fastest possible response In this case the filter will settle in the same number of samples as entered For example when set at 8 filter points and updating at 4 readings p...

Страница 35: ... ignore this data Pressing the s or t keys cycles between On and Off Push the Enter key to accept the new setting or the Escape key to leave the setting as is and return to the normal display If the probe does not have temperature compensation the setting is ignored Although the field and temperature compensation functions are not applicable to the Vector Magnitude display the reading accuracy of ...

Страница 36: ... the range currently being displayed Press Enter to accept the new setpoint or Escape to return to the old value Once the relative setpoint is established push the Relative On Off key to initiate the relative function The Relative On message is briefly shown in the proper line of the display The display for that channel will then show the plus or minus deviation from the setpoint A small delta s i...

Страница 37: ...udible and visual indication of when the field value is either outside or inside a user specified range for that channel Before using the alarm function however the user must provide two settings that define the operating parameters of the alarms First is turning the audible alarm on or off Second is whether the alarm will be triggered by readings inside or outside the defined magnetic field range...

Страница 38: ...point After entering the desired high alarm point press Enter to accept the new value or Escape to retain the old value The display proceeds to the Low Alarm Point as follows Low Al ar m Poi nt 0 5000 k G Set t i ng Channel X The initial range displayed is the same as the latest probe range To set an alarm in a different range push the Select Range key until the proper range is displayed Then use ...

Страница 39: ... desired high alarm point press Enter to accept the new value or Escape to retain the old value The display proceeds to the Low Alarm Point as follows Low Al ar m Poi nt 0 7500 k G Set t i ng Channel X The initial range displayed is the same as the latest probe range To set an alarm in a different range push the Select Range key until the proper range is displayed Then use the numeric keypad to en...

Страница 40: ...e Serial Interface refer to Paragraph 4 2 Press Interface to display the three windows in the order shown below Sel ec t W i t h I EEE Addr es s 12 Press the s or t keys to increment or decrement the IEEE Address to the required number Press Enter to accept the new number or Escape to leave the existing number The Model 460 automatically proceeds to the IEEE 488 Terminator display as follows Sel e...

Страница 41: ...round To use the corrected analog output in control mode refer to Paragraph 3 16 2 3 13 1 Corrected Analog Out The Corrected Analog Output is a DC value proportional to the displayed field The displayed field reading may be corrected for probe non linearity zero offset and temperature This output is not a real time signal but is updated at the same rate as the display 4 times per second The output...

Страница 42: ...ver a selected area of interest This can best be explained by a couple of examples The first example is a symmetrical scaling similar to the default scale 0 V 1 V 2 V 3 V 3 V 2 V 1 V 0 kG 0 5 kG 1 kG 1 5 kG 1 5 kG 1 kG 0 5 kG Display Reading Output Voltage To enter this scale press the Analog Out Key Press the Analog Out s or t key to cycle the arrow to User as shown below Sel ec t W i t h Anal og...

Страница 43: ...ling which demonstrates the versatility of user selectable scaling 0 V 1 V 2 V 3 V 3 V 2 V 1 V 1 5 kG 2 kG 2 5 kG 3 kG 0 kG 0 5 kG 1 kG Display Reading Output Voltage To enter this scale press the Analog Out Key Press the Analog Out s or t key to cycle the arrow to User as shown below Sel ec t W i t h Anal og Out Def Us er Press the Analog Out s or t key to cycle the arrow to Def Default Press the...

Страница 44: ...ximum setting should be 1 0100 kG or greater 3 13 2 Monitor Analog Out There are three Monitor Analog Outputs on the rear panel of the Model 460 The three outputs correspond to channels X Y and Z There is no monitor output for Vector Magnitude The Monitor Analog Outputs are real time analog signals proportional to the magnetic field The scale of each Monitor Analog Output is 3 volts for full scale...

Страница 45: ... reverts to the normal display The keyboard is now locked After locking the keypad any attempt to change settings causes the following message to briefly be displayed Loc k ed To unlock the keyboard again press and hold the Enter key until the following display is seen Ent er Code t o Unl oc k Key pad Enter the lock code again Upon entry of the third number the display reverts to the normal displa...

Страница 46: ...mal operation the instrument updates the display computer interfaces and the corrected analog output at a rate of 4 readings per second A Fast Data Mode has been included to increase the data rate when operating with either the IEEE 488 or Serial Interface While the corrected analog output update rate does correspond to the Fast Data Mode the front panel display will not operate in this mode Use t...

Страница 47: ... jumper is located inside the gaussmeter that can change the corrected analog output to 10 volts This jumper is set at the factory per the customer s original request The jumper can be changed in the field but may shift the calibration slightly See Figure 6 9 to locate jumper JMP2 Output Range 3 volts 10 volts Resolution 0 37 mV 1 2 mV Two commands control the corrected analog output via the IEEE ...

Страница 48: ...loaded to the gaussmeter This is how the gaussmeter knows which ranges are available and which error correction to apply To change probes first turn power off remove the existing probe and then plug in the new probe When power is restored the characteristics of the new probe are downloaded to the gaussmeter memory Normal operation may continue after the new probe offset is nulled using the Zero Pr...

Страница 49: ... sensors are not repairable Avoid repeated flexing of the stem of a flexible probe As a rule the stem should not be bent more than 45 from the base See Figure 3 5 Force should never be applied to the tip of the probe On all probes do not pinch or allow cables to be struck by any heavy or sharp objects Although damaged or severed cables should be returned to Lake Shore for repair please understand ...

Страница 50: ... positive flux entry for BX and BY are on the flat sides of the probe tip and BZ is from the front of the probe Small labels on the probe tip indicate that entry of magnetic flux causes a positive reading See Figure 3 6 If the exact direction of the magnetic field is unknown the proper magnitude is determined by turning on Max Hold and slowly adjusting the probe As the probe turns and the measured...

Страница 51: ... probes exhibit a low temperature coefficient of gain due to the inherent thermal stability of the materials used in its construction NOTE The following discussion relates to the use of single axis probes Three axis probes are already set at right angles and therefore do not exhibit these angle induced errors When using single axis probes readings are dependent on the angle of the sensor Hall sens...

Страница 52: ...Lake Shore Model 460 Gaussmeter User s Manual 3 28 Operation This Page Intentionally Left Blank ...

Страница 53: ...ther devices through the bus The BUS CONTROLLER designates to the devices on the bus which function to perform The Model 460 performs the functions of TALKER and LISTENER but cannot be a BUS CONTROLLER The BUS CONTROLLER is the digital computer which tells the Model 460 which functions to perform Below are Model 460 IEEE 488 interface capabilities SH1 Source handshake capability RL1 Complete remot...

Страница 54: ...s are divided into three groups 1 Bus Control refer to Paragraph 4 1 2 1 a Universal 1 Uniline 2 Multiline b Addressed Bus Control 2 Common refer to Paragraph 4 1 2 2 3 Interface and Device Specific refer to Paragraph 4 1 2 3 4 Message Strings Refer to Paragraph 4 1 2 4 4 1 2 1 Bus Control Commands A Universal Command addresses all devices on the bus Universal Commands include Uniline and Multilin...

Страница 55: ...re detailed in Paragraphs 4 3 2 thru 4 3 4 and summarized in Table 4 8 4 1 2 4 Message Strings A message string is a group of characters assembled to perform an interface function There are three types of message strings commands queries and responses The computer issues command and query strings through user programs the instrument issues responses Two or more command strings can be chained toget...

Страница 56: ... only if bit 6 of the Service Request Enable Register is set If disabled the Status Byte Register can still be read by the BUS CONTROLLER by means of a serial poll SPE to examine the status reports but the BUS CONTROLLER will not be interrupted by the Service Request The QSTB common command will read the Status Byte Register but will not clear the bits The bit assignments are discussed below as th...

Страница 57: ...e Model 460 has completed all selected pending operations 4 1 4 IEEE Interface Example Programs Two BASIC programs are included to illustrate the IEEE 488 communication functions of the instrument The first program was written in Visual Basic Refer to Paragraph 4 1 4 1 for instructions on how to setup the program The Visual Basic code is provided in Table 4 2 The second program is written in Quick...

Страница 58: ...Lake Shore Model 460 Gaussmeter User s Manual 4 6 Remote Operation Figure 4 1 GPIB Setting Configuration Figure 4 2 DEV 12 Device Template Configuration ...

Страница 59: ...rface Program in Visual Basic 1 Start VB6 2 Choose Standard EXE and select Open 3 Resize form window to desired size 4 On the Project Menu select Add Module select the Existing tab then navigate to the location on your computer to add the following files Niglobal bas and Vbib 32 bas 5 Add controls to form a Add three Label controls to the form b Add two TextBox controls to the form c Add one Comma...

Страница 60: ...ndow under the Object dropdown list select General Add the statement Public gSend as Boolean b Double Click on cmdSend Add code segment under Private Sub cmdSend_Click as shown in Table 4 2 c In the Code Editor window under the Object dropdown list select Form Make sure the Procedure dropdown list is set at Load The Code window should have written the segment of code Private Sub Form_Load Add the ...

Страница 61: ...ue Loop until Send button pressed gSend False Set Flag as False strCommand frmIEEE txtCommand Text Get Command strReturn Clear response display strCommand UCase strCommand Set all characters to upper case If strCommand EXIT Then Get out on EXIT End End If Call ibwrt intDevice strCommand term Send command to instrument If ibsta And EERR Then Check for IEEE errors do error handling if needed Handle ...

Страница 62: ...terminators are CR LF 4 1 4 4 Quick Basic Program The IEEE 488 interface program in Table 4 3 works with QuickBasic 4 0 4 5 or Qbasic on an IBM PC or compatible running DOS or in a DOS window It assumes your IEEE 488 GPIB card is installed and operating correctly refer to Paragraph 4 1 4 3 Use the following procedure to develop the Serial Interface Program in Quick Basic 1 Copy c gpib pc Qbasic qb...

Страница 63: ...Lake Shore Model 460 Gaussmeter User s Manual Remote Operation 4 11 IBCONF EXE eps Figure 4 3 Typical National Instruments GPIB Configuration from IBCONF EXE ...

Страница 64: ...e computer transmits to the instrument and displays any response If no query is sent the instrument responds to the last query received Type EXIT to exit the program REM INCLUDE c gpib pc qbasic qbdecl bas Link to IEEE calls CLS Clear screen PRINT IEEE 488 COMMUNICATION PROGRAM PRINT CALL IBFIND dev12 DEV12 Open communication at address 12 TERM CHR 13 CHR 10 Terminators are CR LF LOOP2 IN SPACE 20...

Страница 65: ...ng will be returned Incorrectly spelled commands and queries are ignored Commands and queries and should have a space separating the command and associated parameters Leading zeros and zeros following a decimal point are not needed in a command string but are sent in response to a query A leading is not required but a leading is required 4 1 5 Troubleshooting New Installation 1 Check instrument ad...

Страница 66: ...ustry For you convenience Lake Shore offers a Model 4001 RJ 11 Cable When combined with either the Model 4002 DB 25 Adapter or Model 4003 DE 9 Adapter this cable assembly can be used to connect the instrument to a computer with the corresponding connector type These adapters are described in Chapter 5 Accessories and Probes and are schematically diagramed in Figures 6 6 thru 6 8 Equipment with Dat...

Страница 67: ...figured for odd parity is included in each character ASCII letter and number characters are used most often as character data Punctuation characters are used as delimiters to separate different commands or pieces of data Two special ASCII characters carriage return CR 0DH and line feed LF 0AH are used to indicate the end of a message string Table 4 4 Serial Interface Specifications Connector Type ...

Страница 68: ...strument can not initiate communication determine which device should be transmitting at a given time or guarantee timing between messages All of this is the responsibility of the user program When issuing commands only the user program should Properly format and transmit the command including terminators as one string Guarantee that no other communication is started for 50 ms after the last chara...

Страница 69: ...Visual Basic 6 0 VB6 on an IBM PC or compatible with a Pentium class processor A Pentium 90 or higher is recommended running Windows 95 or better with a serial interface It uses the COM1 communications port at 9600 Baud Use the following procedure to develop the Serial Interface Program in Visual Basic 1 Start VB6 2 Choose Standard EXE and select Open 3 Resize form window to desired size 4 On the ...

Страница 70: ...blic gSend as Boolean b Double Click on cmdSend Add code segment under Private Sub cmdSend_Click as shown in Table 4 6 c In the Code Editor window under the Object dropdown list select Form Make sure the Procedure dropdown list is set at Load The Code window should have written the segment of code Private Sub Form_Load Add the code to this subroutine as shown in Table 4 6 d Double Click on the Tim...

Страница 71: ...op Until gSend True Loop until Send button pressed gSend False Set Flag as false strCommand frmSerial txtCommand Text Get Command strReturn Clear response display strCommand UCase strCommand Set all characters to upper case If strCommand EXIT Then Get out on EXIT End End If frmSerial MSComm1 Output strCommand Term Send command to instrument If InStr strCommand 0 Then Check to see if query While Ze...

Страница 72: ...al Interface Program CLS Clear screen PRINT SERIAL COMMUNICATION PROGRAM PRINT TIMEOUT 2000 Read timeout may need more BAUD 9600 TERM CHR 13 CHR 10 Terminators are CR LF OPEN COM1 BAUD O 7 1 RS FOR RANDOM AS 1 LEN 256 LOOP1 LINE INPUT ENTER COMMAND or EXIT CMD Get command from keyboard CMD UCASE CMD Change input to upper case IF CMD EXIT THEN CLOSE 1 END Get out on Exit CMD CMD TERM PRINT 1 CMD Se...

Страница 73: ...ndicates kilo gauss etc RESPONSE k term ENTER COMMAND RANGE 0 Range command Instrument will change the field range to the highest setting No response will be sent ENTER COMMAND RANGE Range query Instrument will return a string with the present range setting RESPONSE 0 term ENTER COMMAND RANGE 0 RANGE Range command followed by range query Instrument will change range to highest setting then return ...

Страница 74: ... cable connections and length 4 Increase delay between all commands to 100 ms to make sure instrument is not being over loaded 4 3 COMMAND SUMMARY This paragraph provides a summary of the IEEE 488 and Serial Interface Commands The summary is divided into four command groups common commands are detailed in Paragraph 4 3 1 interface commands in Paragraph 4 3 2 device specific commands in Paragraph 4...

Страница 75: ... 4 32 ALMLM Alarm Low Point Multiplier Query 4 32 ALMS Alarm Status Query 4 32 Command Function Page ANOD Default Analog Out Cmd 4 32 ANOD Default Analog Out Query 4 32 ANOH Analog Out High Setpoint Cmd 4 32 ANOH Analog Out High Setpoint Query 4 33 ANOHM Analog Out High Setpoint Multiplier 4 33 ANOL Analog Out Low Setpoint Cmd 4 33 ANOL Analog Out Low Setpoint Query 4 33 ANOLM Analog Out Low Setpo...

Страница 76: ...2 for a list of event flags Example To enable event flags 0 3 4 and 7 send the command QESE 143 term 143 is the sum of the bit weighting for each bit Bit Bit Weighting Event Name 0 1 OPC 3 8 DDE 4 16 EXE 7 128 PON 143 QESE Event Status Enable Register Query Input QESE term Returned bit weighting Format nnn term Refer to Paragraph 4 1 3 2 for a list of event flags QESR Standard Event Status Registe...

Страница 77: ... a bit weighting and represents the enable disable mask of the corresponding status flag bit in the Status Byte Register To enable a status flag bit send the command QSRE with the sum of the bit weighting for each desired bit Refer to Paragraph 4 1 3 1 for a list of status flags Example To enable status flags 0 2 4 and 6 send the command QSRE 85 term 85 is the sum of the bit weighting for each bit...

Страница 78: ...ST term Returned status Format n status 0 no errors found 1 errors found Remarks The Model 460 reports status based on test done at power up QWAI Wait to Continue Command Input QWAI term Remarks Send QWAI as the last command in a command string followed by appropriate termination It cannot be embedded between other commands ...

Страница 79: ...fer to Paragraph 3 11 BAUD Serial Interface Baud Rate Query Input BAUD term Returned baud term Format n Refer to command for description BRIGT Front Panel Display Brightness Command Input BRIGT brightness term Format n brightness 0 dimmest thru 7 brightest Default setting is 4 Refer to Paragraph 3 12 BRIGT Front Panel Display Brightness Query Input BRIGT term Returned brightness term Format n Refe...

Страница 80: ...de turned on If using the Serial Interface a maximum of 14 readings per second is possible at 9600 baud With either interface there is a corresponding increase in corrected analog output The front panel display does not function in this mode Refer to Paragraph 3 16 1 FAST Fast Data Mode Query Input FAST term Returned state term Format n Refer to command for description KEY Front Panel Key Pressed ...

Страница 81: ...s Useful to gather a sensitive measurement elsewhere in a system where gaussmeter current sources may interfere with measurement Refer to Paragraph 3 16 2 SLEEP Current Source Query Input SLEEP term Returned state term Format n Refer to command for description TERM Terminator Command Input TERM terminator term Format n terminator 0 Carriage return and line feed CR LFEOI 1 Line feed and carriage re...

Страница 82: ...on ALARM Alarm Function On Off Command Input ALARM state term Format n state 0 Off 1 On Refer to Paragraph 3 10 ALARM Alarm Query Input ALARM term Returned state term Format n Refer to command for description ALLF All Fields Query Input ALLF term Returned field value term Format nnn nn field value Returns sign 4 or 5 digits and places decimal point appropriate to range Remarks Returns the X axis r...

Страница 83: ...ALMHM term Returned multiplier term Format a multiplier u micro 10 6 m milli 10 3 blank unity k kilo 103 Remarks Used with ALMH query ALMIO Alarm Inside Outside Command Input ALMIO inout term Format n inout 0 Outside or 1 Inside Remarks Instructs alarm feature to cause an active alarm state when the field reading is either inside of or outside of the high and low setpoint values Refer to Paragraph...

Страница 84: ...ries current alarm status Off means no alarm condition exists On means an alarm exists ANOD Default Corrected Analog Out Command Input ANOD mode term Format n mode 0 Off user selected scale 1 On default scale 2 Analog output controlled by remote interface refer to AOCON Remarks Sets default analog output status ANOD Default Corrected Analog Out Query Input ANOD term Returned mode term Format n Ref...

Страница 85: ...r sign 4 or 5 digits and place decimal point appropriate to range Remarks New value is entered on the same field range as the old value Setting value to zero first will change the setting range to present display range ANOL Analog Out Low Setpoint Query Input ANOL term Returned field value term Format nnn nn Refer to command for description Remarks Use ANOLM to determine units multiplier ANOLM Ana...

Страница 86: ...This is 5 025 volts for a 10 volt output or 1 5075 volts for a 3 volt output AOCON Analog Output Control Mode Query Input AOCON term Returned percent term Format nnn nn Refer to command for description AUTO Auto Range Command Input AUTO state term Format n state 0 Auto Range Off 1 Auto Range On Refer to Paragraph 3 4 AUTO Auto Range Query Input AUTO term Returned state term Format n Refer to comma...

Страница 87: ...FIELD query FILT Display Filter Command Input FILT state term Format n state 0 Off 1 On Remarks Quiets the display reading by a degree depending on the points FNUM and window FWIN settings Refer to Paragraph 3 6 FILT Display Filter Query Input FILT term Returned state term Format n Refer to command for description FNUM Display Filter Points Command Input FNUM points term Format nn points Integer f...

Страница 88: ...ription MAX Max Hold Command Input MAX state term Format n state 0 Off 1 On Remarks Works with the MAXR and MAXC commands Refer to Paragraph 3 2 MAX Max Hold Query Input MAX term Returned state term Format n Refer to command for description MAXC Max Clear Reset Command Input MAXC term Remarks This command initiates a Max Reset Upon entry the Max Hold function is zeroed out and a new peak is captur...

Страница 89: ...ANGE Manual Range Command Input RANGE range term Format n range 0 first range highest 1 second range 2 third range 3 fourth range lowest Remarks Range depends on type of probe installed There are four ranges possible for each probe Refer to Paragraph 3 4 RANGE Manual Range Query Input RANGE term Returned range term Format n Refer to command for description REL Relative Mode Command Input REL state...

Страница 90: ...rmat a multiplier u micro 10 6 m milli 10 3 blank unity k kilo 103 Remarks Used with RELR query RELS Relative Mode Setpoint Command Input RELS field value term Format nnn nn field value Relative mode setpoint value with up to 5 digits resolution Remarks New value is entered on the same field range as the old value Setting value to zero first will change the setting range to present display range R...

Страница 91: ...l calculations Refer to Paragraph 3 1 5 VSRC Vector Magnitude Source Query Input VSRC term Returned source term Format n Refer to command for description 4 3 4 Probe Specific Commands FCOMP Field Compensation Command Input FCOMP state term Format n state 0 Off 1 On Remarks Turns set field compensation On or Off If Off probe field compensation table if present is ignored Refer to Paragraph 3 7 FCOM...

Страница 92: ...state term Format n state 0 Off 1 On Remarks Turns set temperature compensation On or Off If off probe temperature compensation if present is ignored Refer to Paragraph 3 7 TCOMP Temperature Compensation Query Input TCOMP term Returned state term Format n Refer to command for description TYPE Probe Type Query Input TYPE term Returned type term Format n type 0 High Sensitivity HSE 1 High Stability ...

Страница 93: ... 240V UK BS 1363 6 240V Swiss SEV 1011 7 220V China GB 1002 5 2 ACCESSORIES Accessories are devices that perform a secondary duty as an aid or refinement to the primary unit Model Description 109 053 Clamp On Ferrite Filter Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC noise suppression device 115 006 Detachable 120 VAC Line Cord 4001 RJ 11 Cable Assembly Four Wire Cable Assembly with RJ 11 plugs on each end ...

Страница 94: ...mholtz Coils Provides stable low magnetic field when used with customer supplied power supply Often used to provide reference field to help check gaussmeter accuracy Three coils are available as follows Refer to Paragraph 5 3 MH 2 5 Helmholtz Coil 2 5 inch inner diameter field strength 30 G 1 A maximum continuous current 2 A coil resistance 3 Ω See Figure 5 11 MH 6 Helmholtz Coil 6 inch inner diam...

Страница 95: ...m or sensor has been damaged the probe is not repairable 3 Metal enclosed probes such as the Model MMT 6J08 and MMA 2508 types offer the greatest amount of protection to the Hall sensor and therefore are the most rugged types 4 Be cautious about using aluminum stemmed transverse probes such as the Model MMT 6J08 type where AC magnetic fields are to be measured Eddy currents in the stem material ca...

Страница 96: ... Hall plate where the majority of magnetic sensitivity occurs See Figures 5 1 and 5 2 and refer to the following table for typical values Probe Type Active Area Distance From Tip of Probe 2 Axis Axial BY Sensor 0 51 mm 0 020 in diameter 4 2 mm 0 164 in 2 Axis Transverse BX Sensor 0 76 mm 0 30 in diameter 5 9 mm 0 234 in 3 Axis for all 3 axes 0 76 mm 0 30 in diameter 1 8 mm 0 070 in The probe tip i...

Страница 97: ...rminology Usable Full Scale Ranges Vs Probe Type A Distance from tip to center line of active area B Magnetic flux density vector for reading HST High Stability Probe HSE High Sensitivity Probe UHS Ultra High Sensitivity Probe Type HST 1 HST 2 HSE 1 UHS 1 Usable on Ranges 300 G 300 G 30 G 300 mG 3 kG 3 kG 300 G 3 G 30 kG 30 kG 3 kG 30 G 300 kG 30 kG GAMMA PROBE Gamma eps Figure 5 3 Definition of L...

Страница 98: ...Lake Shore Model 460 Gaussmeter User s Manual 5 6 Accessories Probes 2 3 AXIS PROBES 2 3_Axis eps Figure 5 4 Definition of Lake Shore 2 and 3 Axis Probes ...

Страница 99: ...Lake Shore Model 460 Gaussmeter User s Manual Accessories Probes 5 7 ROBUST BRASS STEM TRANSVERSE PROBES Brass_Transverse eps Figure 5 5 Definition of Lake Shore Robust Brass Stem Transverse Probes ...

Страница 100: ...0 Gaussmeter User s Manual 5 8 Accessories Probes TRANSVERSE PROBES Transverse eps Figure 5 6 Definition of Lake Shore Transverse Probes TANGENTIAL PROBE Tangential eps Figure 5 7 Definition of Lake Shore Tangential Probe ...

Страница 101: ...Lake Shore Model 460 Gaussmeter User s Manual Accessories Probes 5 9 AXIAL PROBES Axial eps Figure 5 8 Definition of Lake Shore Axial Probes ...

Страница 102: ...anual 5 10 Accessories Probes FLEXIBLE TRANSVERSE PROBES Flexible_Transverse eps Figure 5 9 Definition of Lake Shore Flexible Transverse Probes FLEXIBLE AXIAL PROBE Flexible_Axial eps Figure 5 10 Definition of Lake Shore Flexible Axial Probe ...

Страница 103: ...power supply these coils can be used as low field reference magnets to compliment our set of standard reference magnets defined in Paragraph 5 4 The power supply must be capable of 2 A output and a constant current mode is recommended MH 2 5 MH 6 MH 12 Inside Diameter 2 5 inches 6 inches 12 inches Field Accuracy 0 5 Field Strength 30 G 1 A 25 G 1 A 12 G 1 A Field Homogeneity 0 5 within a cylindric...

Страница 104: ...Lake Shore Model 460 Gaussmeter User s Manual 5 12 Accessories Probes P 460 5 12 bmp Figure 5 12 Model MH 6 Helmholtz Coil P 460 5 13 bmp Figure 5 13 Model MH 12 Helmholtz Coil ...

Страница 105: ...ues ranging from 100 G to 20 kG but the most widely used value is 1 kG Reference magnet accuracy is typically 0 5 except for magnets of 200 G or less for these magnets the limit of error is generally 1 The reference magnet gap is nominally 0 060 inch but may range from 0 040 to 0 250 inch for special units The usable plateau in the reference gap generally encompasses an area of about 0 5 square in...

Страница 106: ...d chamber to zero a probe can lead to erroneous field readings It is a good practice to periodically degauss the chamber If no professional degausser is available a bulk tape degausser Verity VS250 Data Devices PF211 or equivalent may be used C 460 5 15 eps Figure 5 15 Model 4060 Zero Gauss Chamber C 460 5 16 eps Figure 5 16 Model 4065 Large Zero Gauss Chamber ...

Страница 107: ...igure 6 6 for wiring details C 460 5 17 eps Figure 5 17 Model 4001 RJ 11 Cable Assembly See Figure 6 7 for wiring details C 460 5 18 eps Figure 5 18 Model 4002 RJ 11 to DB 25 Adapter See Figure 6 8 for wiring details C 460 5 19 eps Figure 5 19 Model 4003 RJ 11 to DE 9 Adapter ...

Страница 108: ......

Страница 109: ...d into a live outlet and that both ends are securely plugged in Next check the fuse refer to Paragraph 6 4 Use this procedure to periodically clean the instrument to remove dust grease and other contaminants 1 Clean front and back panels and case with soft cloth dampened with a mild detergent and water solution NOTE Do not use aromatic hydrocarbons or chlorinated solvents to clean the instrument T...

Страница 110: ...surface or in a conductive container An operator inserting or removing a device or assembly from a container must maintain contact with a conductive portion of the container Use only plastic bags approved for storage of ESD material 6 Do not handle ESDS devices unnecessarily or remove from the packages until actually used or tested 6 3 LINE VOLTAGE SELECTION Use the following procedure to change t...

Страница 111: ...ly lethal shocks turn off gaussmeter and disconnect it from AC power before performing these procedures CAUTION For continued protection against fire hazard replace only with the same fuse type and rating specified for the line for the line voltage selected 1 Locate line input assembly on the instrument rear panel See Figure 6 1 2 Turn power switch Off O 3 Remove instrument power cord 4 With a sma...

Страница 112: ...ter Conductor Ground Connector Shell Figure 6 3 ANALOG OUT Corrected and Monitor BNC Connector Details C 460 6 4 eps Figure 6 4 SERIAL I O Connector Details PIN DESCRIPTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Input Analog Signal No Connection No Connection ITEMP ITEMP No Connection No Connection IC Input Analog Signal Ground No Connection Digital Ground 5 Volts Power Output To Probe EEPROM EE CLK ...

Страница 113: ...ector pin location and signal names as viewed from the Model 460 rear panel C 460 6 5 eps PIN SYMBOL DESCRIPTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 DIO1 DIO2 DIO3 DIO4 EOI DAV NRFD NDAC IFC SRQ ATN SHIELD DIO5 DIO6 DIO7 DIO8 REN GND 6 GND 7 GND 8 GND 9 GND 10 GND11 GND Data Input Output Line 1 Data Input Output Line 2 Data Input Output Line 3 Data Input Output Line 4 En...

Страница 114: ...oubleshooting Figures 6 6 thru 6 8 show wiring information for the optional cable assembly and the two mating adapters C 460 6 6 eps Figure 6 6 Model 4001 RJ 11 Cable Assembly Wiring Details C 460 6 7 eps Figure 6 7 Model 4002 RJ 11 to DB 25 Adapter Wiring Details C 460 6 8 eps Figure 6 8 Model 4003 RJ 11 to DE 9 Adapter Wiring Details ...

Страница 115: ...e 5 64 hex key to remove four screws attaching top panel to unit 5 Use 5 64 hex key to loosen two rear bottom panel screws that secure the back plastic bezel 6 Carefully remove back plastic bezel by sliding it straight back away from the unit 7 Slide top panel back and remove from unit 8 Locate software EPROM U95 on main circuit board Note its orientation circular notch on front of IC See Figure 6...

Страница 116: ...nges To unlock keypad refer to Paragraph 3 14 Error 1 NOVRAM memory is physically malfunctioning Contact Lake Shore service for repair Error2 NOVRAM memory is not initialized properly Memory can be reinitialized as described in Paragraph 3 15 This operation will not restore calibration data that may have been corrupted Instrument calibration should be checked after any Error 2 condition Contact La...

Страница 117: ...rallel conductors of infinite length of negligible circular cross section and placed one meter apart in a vacuum would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2 x 10 7 newton per meter of length 2 This is one of the base units of the SI ampere turn A MKS unit of magnetomotive force equal to the magnetomotive force around a path linking one turn of a conducting loop carrying a current of ...

Страница 118: ...a in the form of digits or interval quantities Contrast with analog data 2 dimensionless sensitivity Sensitivity of a physical quantity to a stimulus expressed in dimensionless terms The dimensionless temperature sensitivity of a resistance temperature sensor is expressed as Sd T R dR dT which is also equal to the slope of R versus T on a log log plot that is Sd d lnR d lnT Note that the absolute ...

Страница 119: ...n bus with hardware and programming standards designed to simplify instrument interfacing The addressable parallel bus specification is defined by the IEEE initial permeability The permeability determined at H 0 and B 0 initial susceptibility The susceptibility determined at H 0 and M 0 integrator A circuit or network whose output waveform is the time integral of its input waveform 1 international...

Страница 120: ...n defined as the moment per unit mass magnetostatic Pertaining to magnetic properties that do not depend upon the motion of magnetic fields 1 mains See line voltage Maxwell Mx A cgs electromagnetic unit of magnetic flux equal to the magnetic flux which produces an electromotive force of 1 abvolt in a circuit of one turn link the flux as the flux is reduced to zero in 1 second at a uniform rate 1 M...

Страница 121: ...y 2n for any given range Resolution should not be confused with accuracy root mean square RMS The square root of the time average of the square of a quantity for a periodic quantity the average is taken over one complete cycle Also known as effective value 1 RS 232C Bi directional computer serial interface standard defined by the Electronic Industries Association EIA The interface is single ended ...

Страница 122: ... has both magnitude and direction and whose components transform from one coordinate system to another in the same manner as the components of a displacement Also known as a polar vector 1 volt V The difference of electric potential between two points of a conductor carrying a constant current of one ampere when the power dissipated between these points is equal to one watt 2 volt ampere VA The SI...

Страница 123: ...ss Volume energy density energy productk W erg cm3 10 1 J m3 Demagnetization factor D N dimensionless 1 4π dimensionless NOTES a Gaussian units and cgs emu are the same for magnetic properties The defining relation is B H 4πM b Multiply a number in Gaussian units by C to convert it to SI e g 1 G 10 4 T G 10 4 T c SI Système International d Unités has been adopted by the National Bureau of Standard...

Страница 124: ...357 10 15 J Hz 1 C 1 Josephson Frequency Voltage Ratio 2e h 483 5939 THz V 1 Quantum of Circulation h 2me h me 3 6369 10 4 J Hz 1 kg 1 7 2739 10 4 J Hz 1 C 1 Rydberg Constant R 1 0974 107 m 1 Proton Moment in Nuclear Magnetons µp µN 2 7928 Bohr Magneton µB eh 2me 9 2741 10 24 J T 1 Proton Gyromagnetic Ratio γp 2 6752 108 s 1 T 1 Diamagnetic Shielding Factor Spherical H2O Sample 1 σ H2O 1 0000 Mola...

Страница 125: ...o a magnetic field these moving charged particles experience a force perpendicular to both the velocity and magnetic field vectors This force causes the charging of the edges of the conductor one side positive with respect to the other This edge charging sets up an electric field which exerts a force on the moving electrons equal and opposite to that caused by the magnetic field related Lorentz fo...

Страница 126: ...ansverse devices are generally thin and rectangular in shape They are applied successfully in magnetic circuit gaps surface measurements and general open field measurements Axial sensors are mostly cylindrical in shape Their applications include ring magnet center bore measurements solenoids surface field detection and general field sensing C 460 C 2 eps Figure C 2 Axial and Transverse Configurati...

Страница 127: ...ion and have the same lead configuration as follows The Model HGCA 3020 and HGCT 3020 Hall generators have 34 AWG stranded copper with Teflon insulation and have the following lead configuration C3 0 HALL GENERATOR GENERIC HOOKUP The Hall voltage leads may also be connected directly to a readout instrument such as a high impedance voltmeter or can be attached to electronic circuitry for amplificat...

Страница 128: ... reference field rather than use the sensitivity value sent with the bare Hall generator Because Lake Shore has no control of the conditions beyond the cable the customer must accept responsibility for accuracy and compatibility Finally Manganin wire is not usually acceptable for cryogenic installations The resistance of Manganin wire is often too high In cryogenic applications Hall generators are...

Страница 129: ...ogenic transverse ceramic package Active area approximate 0 030 inch diameter circle 0 040 inch diameter circle Input resistance approximate 1 ohm 1 ohm Output resistance approximate 1 ohm 1 ohm Nominal control current ICN 100 mA 100 mA Maximum continuous current non heat sinked 300 mA 300 mA Magnetic sensitivity IC nominal control current 0 55 to 1 05 mV kG 0 55 to 1 05 mV kG Maximum linearity er...

Страница 130: ...0 mA 100 mA Maximum continuous current non heat sinked 300 mA 300 mA Magnetic sensitivity IC nominal control current 0 55 to 1 05 mV kG 6 0 to 10 0 mV kG Maximum linearity error sensitivity versus field 1 RDG 30 to 30 kG 1 5 RDG 100 to 100 kG 0 30 RDG 10 to 10 kG 1 25 RDG 30 to 30 kG Zero field offset voltage IC nominal control current 50 µV max 75 µV max Operating temperature range 40 to 100 C 40...

Страница 131: ...ed 300 mA 300 mA 300 mA Magnetic sensitivity IC nominal control current 7 5 to 12 5 mV kG 0 55 to 1 05 mV kG 6 0 to 10 0 mV kG Maximum linearity error sensitivity versus field 1 0 RDG 10 to 10 kG 1 RDG 30 to 30 kG 1 5 RDG 100 to 100 kG 0 30 RDG 10 to 10 kG 1 25 RDG 30 to 30 kG Zero field offset voltage IC nominal control current 100 µV max 50 µV max 75 µV max Operating temperature range 40 to 100 ...

Страница 132: ...e 3 5 inch disk and type in the default drive A or B 3 Type in HALLCAL This will execute the HALLCAL EXE program 4 The program will prompt for the Probe serial number Any combination of 6 letters or number can be entered Press Enter when this is accomplished 5 The program will prompt for the probe type 0 or 1 Enter 0 for Hall generators with sensitivities between 5 5 and 10 5 mV kG 100 mA current ...

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