KEP PT-14 Скачать руководство пользователя страница 26 | Manualshive

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KEP PT-14 Скачать руководство пользователя страница 26

KharkovEnergoPribor Ltd. | KEP Ltd.
+380 57 393 1069
www.kep.ua | [email protected]

26

USER MANUAL

5 METHODS OF LOCATING DAMAGED PIPELINES AND UTILITIES

The methods below are based on identification of relative distortions
of signals within the damaged areas. Sometimes these distortions
are unobservable so all the readings obtained during measurement
shall be stored in the PC memory for further analysis.

5.1 Method of locating by current

This method should be used to locate broken insulation of pipelines
or utilities with considerable leakage to ground.

If  a  sudden  drop  of  the  current  strength  is  revealed  in  the  areas
without  tie-in  connections  and  branches,  this  will  mean  that  a
considerable damage of the line insulation takes place. This method
is  true  for  high  initial  current  (of  more  than  0.5A)  and  considerable
drop of current strength after the damaged area. We recommend you
to make tracing on the frequencies of 273Hz or 526Hz.

5.2 Fault finding with insulation control

Both  contact  sensors  of  insulation  control  DKI-02  and  A-frame,  and
non-contact sensors DKI-E and DKI-P are used for location. Turn the
Tracer  into  the  TRACE-SONDE  mode.  The  sensors  shall  be
connected to the SONDE jack (Pos. 4 in Figure 1). The broken areas
are detected according to the strength of the signal from the sensors
on the SONDE scale.
At that, the utility planimetric position control shall be performed with
the  «peak»  and  «null»  methods  (see  Figure  4c).  If  the  COMPASS
function is activated, locating will be performed by the position of the
utility  pointer  relative  to  the  Tracer  (see  Figure  4d).  Always  control
the  depth  of  the  utility  and  the  strength  and  direction  of  current  to
avoid false trials. The current direction shall be controlled when two-
frequency signal of «1024Hz» is set on the Transmitter.

To  adjust  the  line  scale  of  the  signal  strength  from  the  insulation
control  sensors,  set  the  pointer  (Pos.3  in  Figure  4)  to  the  SONDE
position  by  pressing  the  MODE  button.  The  gain  may  be  selected
with  the  gain  up/down  arrows.  For  the  automatic  gain  selection  use

the

button.

CAUTION!

Do not supply the voltage of more than 42V to the SONDE jack
inputs.

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Содержание PT-14

Страница 1: ...v 1 0 PT 14 Tracer USER MANUAL ...

Страница 2: ...ery charging 9 4 3 Selection and setting the main parameters via the MENU options 10 4 4 Operating Modes 12 4 5 Locating Methods 14 4 6 Depth and current intensity of the utilities 21 4 7 Testing of ground plots 23 5 METHODS OF LOCATING DAMAGED PIPELINES AND UTILITIES 26 5 1 Method of locating by current 26 5 2 Fault finding with insulation control 26 5 3 Cable breakdown location 30 5 4 Picking up...

Страница 3: ...llowing safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it To avoid potential hazards use this product only as specified Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures Do not operate with suspected failures If you suspect the product has been damaged have it inspected by qualified service personnel Do not operate in wet damp conditions...

Страница 4: ... detects the short circuited areas or wire break using the MD 01 mini sensor logs readings with positional data received from external GPS module transmits these data to a PC Without the aid of the Transmitter the Tracer on the 50Hz and 550Hz frequencies locates cables by detection Power signals naturally occurred on the utilities on the 100Hz and 300Hz frequencies locates utilities and finds area...

Страница 5: ...ity depth m from 0 10 to 6 00 Operating frequency current in the utility from 10mA to 10 0A Admissible error of the depth of single extended utility line max 4 0 3h h 1 0 1m where h is a measured depth Admissible error of planimetric location of a single line at the depth of 2 m min 0 1 Operating frequency voltage at the SONDE jack input from 0 01mV to 1 70V Sensitivity at the SONDE jack input at ...

Страница 6: ...y is low The Tracer is switched to a battery charging mode when the power supply unit is connected The Tracer secures the battery against overcharge when the battery is on its place The Tracer provides wireless Bluetooth communication with external GPS Bluetooth module and PC 2 2 Environmental condition Ordinary values of the environment climatic factors for operating the Tracer are specified in T...

Страница 7: ...terior of the Tracer is shown in Figure 1 1 Jack for the power supply unit 2 Jack for headphones 3 Battery compartment cover 4 SONDE jack for replacement sensors 5 Front panel Figure 1 Exterior of Tracer The Tracer is supplied with the sun protective cover The cover is fixed in the handle area with a Velcro tape 1 2 3 4 5 ...

Страница 8: ...s the utility depth and intensity of current Switches on off the selected option in the MENU mode 8 button Adjusts the sound volume 9 F button Switches the available operating frequencies 10 MODE button Selects available locating modes Switches the control areas to change operating frequencies and amplify signal between the TRACE and SONDE channels in the TRACE SONDE mode Figure 2 Front panel 3 2 ...

Страница 9: ...urrent bleeding via the ground The alternating magnetic field induced by the utility and or the voltage generated in the replacement sensors are transformed into a signal form This signal is amplified and processed by the digital signal processor Then the signal levels are displayed in a form of line bars and digital values in dB or Volts The indication may be supported with the audible signal 4 2...

Страница 10: ...or sound volume buttons The options may be selected and changed with the H button 4 3 1 In the INDICATION submenu see Figure 3b the TRACE option see Figure 3c is used to select the signal peak type see Figure 3d and to switch on off the peak or null indication the SONDE option see Figure 3e is used to expand the scale 1 4 and to select signal level at the of the SONDE jack input in dB or Volts 4 3...

Страница 11: ... Indication TRACE scale SONDE scale Back TRACE scale Peak type COMPASS Peak scale Null scale Back Maximum type Sharp Broad Expansion 1 4 Back SONDE scale Scale in Volts Scale in dB Expansion 1 4 Back Sound Tone Dosimeter Live Back Measurements Auto measurement H I Frequency set Back 273Hz 100Hz 526Hz 300Hz 1024Hz 550Hz 8928Hz 1450Hz φ 8928 RADIO AIR 33kHz 50HZ ...

Страница 12: ...ility and detect its depth and operating frequency current flowing through it The display of this mode is shown in Figure 4a TRACE SONDE to locate the utility insulation damage and detect the depth of damaged area to detect the short circuited areas or wire break and select the conductors in the multi core cables The display of this mode is shown in Figure 4c with the COMPASS option switched on th...

Страница 13: ...hortly 4 Barograph showing the relative signal strength at the SONDE jack input 5 Voltage at the SONDE jack input In Volts or dB 6 Relative polarity caused by the leakage currents at the SONDE jack input 7 Indication of the utility depth and the intensity of current via the utility 8 Input signal from the magnetic antenna in dB and relative strength of input signal null bargraph Locating is by nul...

Страница 14: ...to the GPS readings CAUTION The indicator of the input signal strength in dB for locating by peak and null turns red when the corresponding input channels are overloaded see Figure 4 Pos 13 and 8 4 5 Locating Methods 4 5 1 Selection of operating frequency Frequency selection shall be performed depending on operating conditions targets and locating method The operator shall have corresponding quali...

Страница 15: ...lse trails since the tracing of the utility may be complicated by branching and direction of the target utility may not be detected by own signal The operator shall have corresponding qualification and practical skills for this method 4 5 2 Peak null and current direction modes The Tracer contains four magnetic antennas The Tracer shall be arranged vertically see Figures 5 and 9 The broad peak tra...

Страница 16: ...operator The button may be used to adjust the optimum gain of each specific signal automatically The indicator barograph will grow down when the Tracer moves away from the axis Further displacement of the Tracer will result in disappearing of the linear scale The icon will appear instead of the signal level indication If the signal is weak or the depth of utility is sufficient the indication on th...

Страница 17: ...ear under the peak scale to show the expansion bar graph relative to the normal unexpanded scale Using the gain up down buttons place the end of the extended peak bar graph within the visible area of the display The gain up button is expands the scale The gain down button makes the scale shorter The optimum gain and scale for a specific signal intensity may be obtained by pressing the button The o...

Страница 18: ...ative to the Tracer This facilitates the user operation The COMPASS option is selected via Menu as follows Menu Indication TRACE scale COMPASS The COMPASS arrow will show the direction of the utility see Figure 4 Pos 19 In the TRACE mode the Tracer displays the peak scale and input signal strength in the TRACE SONDE mode the Tracer displays the scale strength and polarity of signal at the SONDE in...

Страница 19: ...ransmitter and set the operating frequency of the Tracer on the level of 1042Hz If the double frequency signal strength is sufficient the indication of current direction Figure 4 Pos 12 will be active automatically If the COMPASS feature is used the current direction will be shown with the Utility position arrow direction Figure 4 Pos 19 The Transmitter shall be connected directly to the target li...

Страница 20: ...ated due to the distant galvanic or capacitance coupling with the target line and It will be indicated as the icon Figure 7 The direction of current in the galvanically separated adjacent lines In case the adjacent utility lines are galvanically coupled with the target line all these lines will have the signals of equal direction see Figure 8 Signal amplitudes of the adjacent lines may differ depe...

Страница 21: ...ayed on the RADIO and AIR frequencies The error of depth is not rated on the 50Hz frequency Using the above techniques keep the Tracer over the target utility axis as shown in Figure 9 The arrows on the Tracer body and antenna plain shall be perpendicular to the utility line axis Figure 9 Direct location of the utility depth The Tracer displays the depth and current of target line by default You m...

Страница 22: ...cies The LOW FIELD indication means that the obtained result are certainly wrong since the received signal is too weak or the Tracer is moved away from the target line or the utility field is distorted by the adjacent line currents In this case use the 6dB method see Figure 10 4 6 1 The indirect method of 6dB When the Tracer fails to measure the depth of the utility line or the depth shall be loca...

Страница 23: ...f they are made of current conducting materials since some current will leak thought the branches The first Kirchhoff s law says that the total current inflowing in a junction is equal to the total outflowing current You should note however that values of the current intensity near the branches will differ from the actual values Accurate and true measurements may be performed within long distance ...

Страница 24: ...lity line by means of the inductors will be high at high operating frequencies of the Transmitter and close location of the inductor to the utility line the utility current strength depends on the grounding on the ends of the utility line If one of the ground contacts is missed the location will be difficult so the Transmitter shall be set on the maximum frequency to increase the currents via the ...

Страница 25: ...ity line in both directions The second method Connect the AP 01 antenna to the GT 15 Transmitter Do not take this equipment out of the carrying case Select the 33k frequency Set the optimum power Two operators go at the distance of 20m or 30m from each other The first operator goes along one edge of the testing plot pointing the antenna straight forward The second operator goes along the opposite ...

Страница 26: ...lation control Both contact sensors of insulation control DKI 02 and A frame and non contact sensors DKI E and DKI P are used for location Turn the Tracer into the TRACE SONDE mode The sensors shall be connected to the SONDE jack Pos 4 in Figure 1 The broken areas are detected according to the strength of the signal from the sensors on the SONDE scale At that the utility planimetric position contr...

Страница 27: ...oordinate positions more clear and reduce the steps When the long distance insulation failure takes place the signal peaks are located distantly from each other on the bounds of failure The signal null is between the bounds of insulation damage To make a precise tracing you may define the polarity of signal at the SONDE input For this switch the mode of double frequency signal of 1024 and 512Hz an...

Страница 28: ... without a specific signal fluctuation may not be considered as a sign of fault 5 2 2 The search of the insulation failure by the signal rise The technique of search is the same for all types of sensors see Figure 14 One of the operators with the Tracer shall move along the target line with the certain step for the DKI E sensor or one of the pins shall be embedded into the soil with a certain step...

Страница 29: ...ion error caused by different distances Measurements with this sensor however require the pins to be embedded into the soil that may be unconvenient in some cases Keep the insulator surface of the A frame clean Soiling may cause signal drop or loss of sensitivity The DKI E sensor This sensor accelerates tracing of single expanded utilities The sensor operability does not depend on the type of soil...

Страница 30: ... the shorted area depending to the cable lay pitch The signal fluctuation stops behind the short circuited area and signal strength may drop case 1 or rise case 2 In the first case the dead short takes place when only the cable conductors are shorted In the second case the cable conductors are shorted to each other and to the armature Figure 15 Layout and signal diagram at the method of search of ...

Страница 31: ...to the Transmitter jack with the marking The methods of locating are generally the same In case the cable insulation resistance relative to the ground does not allow the use of the insulation control the method of phase tracing may be applied The phase technique provides location of both low resistance and high resistance insulation failures with the leakage to ground of up the 0 5MOhm The area of...

Страница 32: ...he button on the Receiver to reset the phase indications Move along the target line directly over it and control the position with the null scale take phase readings carefully The phase may change smoothly The phase readings will rise abruptly by several scale units behind the area of insulation failure When you pass the area with damaged insulation the phase readings will change smoothly The fail...

Страница 33: ...u use the MD 01 sensor switch the Transmitter to the mode of limitation of the input voltage to the level of 30V WARNING Do not supply the voltage of more than 42V to the current collecting nozzle of the mini sensor probe If the cable is easy to reach and unshielded the area of conductor break may be found with the MD 01 mini sensor Set the switch of the mini sensor into the O position The mini se...

Страница 34: ...e mini sensor in the SHORTING mode is applied consecutively to the different cables of the group of cables Then the results of measurements are compared The target cable which is connected to the Transmitter will have the signal of maximum strength Move the sensitive zone of the mini sensor around the target cable in the plane perpendicular to the cable axis The signal strength will be constant Wh...

Страница 35: ...asurement To check the results and eliminate errors of the measurement apply the module of magnetic antenna to the target cable and perform the depth measurements The depth readings shall be zero other readings mean the false trials 5 5 Locating the line to ground faults of the overhead lines in the networks of 6 10 kW with isolated neutral The search of line to ground faults is performed on the h...

Страница 36: ...ischarged Charge or replace batteries When power supply is on the Receiver fails to respond to the Transmitter signal No contact in antenna plug connector Check and restore contacts The headphones fail to deliver sound whereas the sound is good through the internal speakers No contact in headphone connector Break in headphone circuit Repair or replace headphones The error of measurement of the dep...

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