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7. Troubleshooting 

38 

7-2.  Technical Tips 

 
This  section  describes  key  technique  for  sample  type  or  conditions  specific  to 
measurement of refractive index. 
 
The following examples are those samples from which you may obtain poor repeatability, 
unnecessarily longer measuring time or even fail in measurement. 
 

Sample Type, Condition 

Cause, Key Technique 

 

Colloidal

*1

 particles are 

scattering 

(milk, dairy products, etc.) 

 

 

Scattering of light by reflection from colloidal particles. 
 
1)

 

Set  sample  temperature  near  to  measurement 
temperature. 

»  Shorten  time  in  adjusting  temperature  for  quicker 
measurement. 

 

2)

 

Stir well the sample in advance before dropping onto 
sample stage. 

» Homogenize the sample 

 

3)

 

Set stability sense to “1” or “2”. 

» Quickly measure before colloidal particles go down. 

 

Spread in multiple layers 

(e.g. salad dressing) 

 

 

Unstable sample condition 
 
1)

 

Set  sample  temperature  near  to  measurement 
temperature. 

»  Shorten  time  in  adjusting  temperature  for  quicker 
measurement. 

 

2)

 

Stir well the sample in advance before dropping onto 
sample stage. 

» Homogenize the sample 

 

3)

 

Use “Wait time” and measure accordingly. 

» Wait until sample sets in stable condition. 
Measure the lowest layer of sample. 

 

For “Wait time”, go to “Menu”

 

»

 

”Method. 

Refer to the separate Function Description.

 

*1  colloidal  particles  :  particle  size  1nm~100nm,  dispersed  in  liquid  and  hard  to  be 
precipitated while moving at random by hitting molecules. 

Содержание RA-600

Страница 1: ...Refractometer RA 620 RA 600 Operation Manual P 5 9 0 0 0 3 3 0 1 Read this operation manual thoroughly before use AN 59 00033 01Ver 10 ...

Страница 2: ......

Страница 3: ...sy Operation 4 7 inch colour LCD touchscreen operation Information message to guide you to next step Display in English Korean Chinese or Russian Easy Maintenance Easy to clean sample stage Clean and durable aluminum die casting housing Reliable Standard liquid of refractive index traceable to national standard is supplied GLP GMP conformed by record keeping Password protection ensures security Ef...

Страница 4: ...nditions to avoid malfunction Caution Under vibration Under direct sun light Corrosive gas atmosphere Heavily loaded and fluctuated or near power source or magnetic field Excessive range of temperature other than specified Ambient humidity exceeding 85 RH Power Source Warning You must ground earth wire of power Cord Danger of electric shock if not grounded to earth Caution Plug out power cord in c...

Страница 5: ...re you leave the unit unused for an extended period of time It is recommended to use the carton box in which the unit was first delivered Avoid very hot or humid ambient or a dusty place for a long term storage Other Cautions Caution Do not attempt overhaul or repair the unit by unauthorized person except authorized by KEM Danger of electric shock fire or malfunction Do not use the unit in a way o...

Страница 6: ... covered by warranty 2 Hint This symbol notes technical tips which are convenient to your measurement work It is prohibited to duplicate any part or all of manual without prior consent This manual has been prepared to the best of our knowledge however if you should find any missing or ambiguous description please contact your nearest dealer or sale representative Maker will not be liable for any l...

Страница 7: ...600 Series Operation Manual CD ROM 1 59 00035 01 RA 600 Series Quick Manual 1 59 00405 Safety Instructions 1 20 05627 Inspection Certificate Warranty 1 50 00761 Contact 1 59 00133 Unpack the carton 1 1 Varies by power supply requirement Installation Connecting power cord 1 Make sure the power switch is in OFF position 2 Plug in the supplied AC adapter into power connector of the unit 3 Connect pow...

Страница 8: ... Set Up Conditions Temperature Contents 18 4 Measurement 19 4 1 Sample Measurement 19 4 2 Read Data Store in USB Flash Drive 21 4 3 Check 23 4 4 Calibration 25 5 Function Tools 28 5 1 Function 28 6 Maintenance 31 6 1 Daily Maintenance 31 6 2 Periodic Check 32 6 3 Change Filter 33 6 4 Consumables and Parts 34 7 Troubleshooting 35 7 1 Error Message 35 7 2 Technical Tips 38 8 Technical Information 40...

Страница 9: ...nt Measure P 19 Stop measurement P 20 Measurement Data Read the data P 21 Download data to USB flash drive P 21 Set up condition Check Calibrate Set up measuring condition P 18 Configure Contents nD Brix P 18 Check on unit and the result P 23 Calibrate the unit P 25 ...

Страница 10: ... 2 Touchscreen Sample Cover Anti Volatilization Device Sample Stage Prism As measurement temperature is set to high the sample stage and prism will warm up accordingly Note The stopper on sample cover prevents erroneous access to the screen Do not give excessive force to the sample cover ...

Страница 11: ...s and Parts USB Connector Exhaust Vent LAN Connector Power Switch Power Connector 1 3 Supplied Parts and Installation Intake Vent 2 2 Change Filter RS 232C Connector COM2 RS 232C Connector COM1 Bottom Rubber Foot Exhaust Vent Note Do not block the exhaust vent and the intake vent ...

Страница 12: ...s See separate Function Description Result Shows measure results When pressed it shows a list of results See 4 2 Read Data Store in USB Flash Drive Menu When pressed it turns to window for selection of menu See separate Function Description Stability This icon shows stability sense of measurement Stability 0 Stability 1 Stability 2 See separate Function Description Check Navigation starts with thi...

Страница 13: ... pressed window for setup of option appears See separate Function Description Indicator Shows the indicator When pressed it turns to window for setup of indicator See separate Function Description Information Shows status or condition of unit information Stability Shows stability sense of measurement When pressed it turns to window for selection of stability See separate Function Description Simpl...

Страница 14: ...e No See Function Description Rinse Purge Press here to start rinse purge See Function Description Purge Press here to start purge Switches to Skip when changer is operating See Function Description Press Skip while changer is in motion to move to next operation Main window is always in Normal mode when changer is selected ...

Страница 15: ...reen Enter with Alphabet Numeric To confirm entry that you have entered press Enter key The Cap Small key switches capital small letter Up to 16 characters can be entered except for sample ID up to 32 characters Enter for a symbol of an extended range of character Alphabet capital Alphabet small letter Numeric character ...

Страница 16: ... window Returns to previous window Tab buttons Switch the tabs turns the page For details of operation see the separate Function Description Note To operate the touch screen lightly touch with stylus or your finger Do not use a sharp pointed pen like a ball pointed pen or refilling pencil Otherwise the screen may be damaged ...

Страница 17: ...s thermal difference between the inside and outside of unit Thermal equilibrium stabilizes electronics of precision parts and is ideal status for correct measurement Suggested warming up time is about 20 minutes but it is subject to the ambient temp and the set temp To start measurement right after power on first check the value with water prior to measurement Checking with water is not necessary ...

Страница 18: ... water Distilled water You need to be careful when using the following types of water Ion exchanged water Tap water Cautions 1 Make sure that the results become the same as what are obtained with refractive index standard liquid pure water or distilled water 2 Make sure of resultant repeatability by conducting a series of test Otherwise the water is not appropriate for use in check and calibration...

Страница 19: ...ing off sample on prism 1 Tissue paper or paper waste Tissue fiber should not break and its debris must not remain on prism After sample is wiped off tissue fiber debris should not remain on prism To clean the prism 1 Cleaning soft bottle polyethylene made with nozzle Convenient to drop a few drops of cleanser 2 Cleaning liquid Water suitable for aqueous sample Ethanol for oil sample insoluble in ...

Страница 20: ...ar Conduct a calibration accordingly For details refer to 4 4 Calibration Contents to select 1 Press Contents button on main window 2 Press Contents button to select Selection from registered concentration like refractive index nD Brix etc Up to 2 items can be chosen To register concentration go to Menu Entry Conc Conversion 3 Press selection button When selected mark appears When pressed again it...

Страница 21: ...rrect measurement cannot be expected 2 Drop sample more than 0 2mL over the prism Stir sample evenly before dropping onto prism Note A small amount of sample may result in inaccurate measurement with some samples Meanwhile too much sample liquid would make it longer to adjust the temperature and to complete the measurement 3 Close sample cover Note Close sample cover securely to shut out incoming ...

Страница 22: ... on display Immediately wipe off the sample after measurement and clean the prism and the sample stage Leaving the sample there for a long time may make it difficult to clean the prism and the sample stage Warm up is suggested right after turning on the power or changing the set temp The measurement time may get longer without a warm up operation See 3 1 Warming up for details ...

Страница 23: ...ou wish to save mark appears When pressed again it disappears changes the page Press if you wish to select all You can review details of data when the data is selected Up to 300 data can be stored More than 301 data will replace the older one from the oldest A plural number of data can be selected at a time For print or search of data record refer to the separate Function Description ...

Страница 24: ...e Automatically folder RA6xx is created and stored in CSV format When data reading is underway all buttons stop functioning Note Remove USB flash drive device only after saving data is complete Never remove it halfway Otherwise it may be broken Example of data in CSV format by Microsoft Excel USB data stored in RA 620 RA 600 proper do not appear on PC display ...

Страница 25: ...ow Calibration Navigator will go to calibration See 4 4 Calibration 3 Drop about 0 2mL check water on prism Note Before dropping sample clean sample stage and prism Otherwise correct measurement cannot be expected Note Drop sufficient sample to cover the entire prism surface A small amount of sample may result in inaccurate measurement with some samples Meanwhile too much sample liquid would make ...

Страница 26: ... the set temp The measurement time may get longer without a warm up operation See 3 1 Warming up for details Check reference value or criterion can be set on Menu Check Calibration Check Calibration Setup See the separate Function Description Results of check data are stored in check record You can review on Menu Data management Check record For details see the separate Function Description Note T...

Страница 27: ...iding navigation Be sure to clean the prism No sample residue should remain on prism 1 Press Check When the display says Calibration required the Calibration button will appear instead of Check Pressing Calibration leads you to the below display in 3 by skipping 2 2 Press Calibration Navigator To calibrate after check press Next Calibration after check is recommended Stop returns to main window ...

Страница 28: ...rior to calibration with air Otherwise correct measurement cannot be expected Note Be sure to close sample cover in order to shut out incoming rays for correct measurement 4 Drop water onto prism Close sample cover and press Water Calib Note Drop sufficient sample to cover the entire prism surface A small amount of sample may result in inaccurate measurement Meanwhile the calibration time by water...

Страница 29: ...n Setup Calibration data are stored in calibration record You can review on Menu Data management Calibration record For details refer to the separate Function Description Measurement can be performed without calibration when the set temperature is above 75 C Calibrate will not be shown with the high temperature setting The Calibration button cannot be pressed High temperature setting is available ...

Страница 30: ...dow is a convenient tool to practice exciting features of the unit To start with let us learn about Function window itself 1 Press Menu 2 Press Function 3 Select Select the item to be worked on from Critical Angle Image Adjustment Setting or Save Import Parameters ...

Страница 31: ...e can be corrected by this feature This is a convenient tool when measurement results with different value from RI of other refractometer or standard liquid of refractive index Save import parameters Measurement data stored in RI meter can be saved or captured collectively Data includes information on Measurement record Method Concentration conversion Report Temperature compensation and Check Cali...

Страница 32: ...ion on measurements collectively Setup provides configuration on the unit for convenience which includes Date and time Colour Sound Display mode International Temperature control and Version Security level can be selected to meet user s purpose or environment Check and calibration are necessary for correct measurement Navigator guides you to easy check and calibration Various selections can be sto...

Страница 33: ... measurement Before measurement 1 Check the unit with water or calibrate as necessary Refer to 4 3 check 4 4 Calibration After measurement 1 Clean sample stage and prism thoroughly Refer to 3 3 Prepare tools 2 Wipe off dirt or stains on unit housing Do not use solvent like acetone thinner and something similar ...

Страница 34: ...ard liquid and Brix converted RI standard liquid are available from KEM See 6 4 Consumables and parts 3 If repeated measurements result with an error deviated from range in 8 3 Specifications consult with your local dealer or sales representative Customer service contract paid service Your refractometer is checked and serviced according to ISO 9001 Quality Management System Either your unit is ser...

Страница 35: ...nd filter 3 Wash the filter with water or vacuum it 4 When washed then dry the filter well 5 If dust remains even after rinsed change the filter with new one 6 Reinstall the filter and cover Dustproof Filter Cover Before dustproof filter is worn out prepare a new one in advance See 6 4 Consumables and parts Note Make sure to turn off the instrument before removing the dustproof filter Note Do not ...

Страница 36: ...2918 RA 620 RA 600 Operation Manual CD ROM Operation Manual Function Description Operation Manual for RS 232C Quick Manual 12 03678 Filter Set 5sheets Dustproof filter 5 filters set Refractive index standard liquid Part Number Part Description nD at 20 C 12 01610 01 Water 2bottles JCSS Certif 1 33299 12 04077 01 Iso Octane Water ea 1 bottle JCSS Certif 1 391 12 04078 01 Cyclohexane Water ea 1 bott...

Страница 37: ...g meas range Exceeding meas range Sample measurement exceeds specified range Measure a sample within specified range Results may appear even though range error but just for reference only Error message at time of Check or Calibration Error message Possible cause Remedies Periodic check overdue Check date has elapsed Work on check or extend check date Periodic check overdue Do you wish to continue ...

Страница 38: ...g Insert USB flash drive and try again USB writing error Unable to write Writing in USB flash drive has failed due to USB error Change USB flash drive No enough space in USB drive No more space in USB flash drive Change USB flash drive or secure space Other error message Error Message Possible Cause Remedies Unable to reach set temp Set temperature may be below ambient by 12 C or more Or the ambie...

Страница 39: ...rature or room temperature When the set temperature is above 75 C reduce ambient temperature to 25 C or below Measurement record list and details Print data window Error message at time of Measurement or Check Contents Window Display List of Record Details Error Code Print Not enough sample E 1 No Measure No sample or not enough sample Check sample cover E 2 No Measure Sample cover left open Finis...

Страница 40: ...2 Stir well the sample in advance before dropping onto sample stage Homogenize the sample 3 Set stability sense to 1 or 2 Quickly measure before colloidal particles go down Spread in multiple layers e g salad dressing Unstable sample condition 1 Set sample temperature near to measurement temperature Shorten time in adjusting temperature for quicker measurement 2 Stir well the sample in advance bef...

Страница 41: ...tioning properly 1 Lower the set temperature as much as possible 2 Adjust the sample temperature close to the set temperature Shorten temperature control time and measure quickly Gap between set temp and ambient is big It may take time for the measurement temperature to reach the set temperature Condition of sample may change during this time 1 Adjust the sample temperature close to the set temper...

Страница 42: ...ht is α and refraction angle β these two angles are related as follows Snell s law Eq n n 1 2 sin sin If light travels from thick to thin medium the light also changes its direction As the angle of incidence increases β some rays do not pass through thin medium reaching critical angle refraction α 90 at this point Those rays beyond critical angel are called Reflection Critical angle β is used to c...

Страница 43: ...331 36 1 33117 56 1 32799 17 1 33324 37 1 33104 57 1 32781 18 1 33316 38 1 33090 58 1 32762 19 1 33307 39 1 33075 59 1 32744 20 1 33299 40 1 33061 60 1 32725 21 1 33290 41 1 33046 61 1 32706 22 1 33280 42 1 33031 62 1 32687 23 1 33271 43 1 33016 63 1 32668 24 1 33261 44 1 33001 64 1 32648 Allan H Harvey John S Gallagher J M H Levelt Senger Revised Formulation for the Refractive Index of Water and ...

Страница 44: ...8 57 1 43520 82 1 49597 8 1 34477 33 1 38661 58 1 43743 83 1 49862 9 1 34629 34 1 38846 59 1 43967 84 1 50129 10 1 34782 35 1 39032 60 1 44193 85 1 50398 11 1 34937 36 1 39220 61 1 44420 12 1 35093 37 1 39409 62 1 44650 13 1 35250 38 1 39600 63 1 44881 14 1 35408 39 1 39792 64 1 45113 15 1 35568 40 1 39986 65 1 45348 16 1 35729 41 1 40181 66 1 45584 17 1 35891 42 1 40378 67 1 45822 18 1 36054 43 1...

Страница 45: ...49 1 41041 1 41040 4 1 33877 1 33876 1 33875 48 1 41447 1 41438 1 41437 6 1 34171 1 34170 1 34169 50 1 41851 1 41841 1 41840 8 1 34470 1 34468 1 34467 52 1 42260 1 42250 1 42249 10 1 34772 1 34771 1 34769 54 1 42675 1 42665 1 42663 12 1 35080 1 35078 1 35076 56 1 43095 1 43085 1 43083 14 1 35392 1 35389 1 35388 58 1 43522 1 43511 1 43508 16 1 35709 1 35706 1 35704 60 1 43954 1 43944 1 43940 18 1 3...

Страница 46: ...00 Print out of measurement results Thermal Printer DP 600 Epson A4 Printer DCU 551N Auto Clean Unit 1 sample Automated measurement and CHD 502N Multiple Sample Changer 30 samples cleaning Flow Cell Unit Control from your PC データ収集ソフトウェア Title SOFT CAP KYOTO ELECTRON I CS Data Acquisition Software Data capture into your PC Easier password authentication Electronic Key For User Certification Contact...

Страница 47: ...ls Septum CHD 502N CHD 502N Multiple Sample Changer w Vials Septum 12 03018 Flow Cell Unit 12 02997 Measurement Cell Cover For volatility sample 12 03265 Data Acquisition Software Connection Cable required 12 02866 Electronic Key for User Certification Can also be used as USB flash drive 12 02012 RS 232C Connection Cable 9P 9P 2m To connect with PC DCU 551N or CHD 502N Connection Cable MiniDIN8P D...

Страница 48: ...eprogrammed conversion table Concentration By Conversion Table 100 data Interfaces LAN x 1 Personal computer PC USB1 1 x 2 USB flash drive keyboard barcode reader Epson inkjet printer 8 Thermal Printer DP 600 RS 232C x 2 Dot Matrix Printer IDP 100 Multiple Sample Changer CHD 502 Auto Clean and Sampling Unit DCU 551 Ambient Conditions Temperature 5 35 C 7 Humidity 85 RH or below No condensation all...

Страница 49: ...used by excessive force applied to glassware or plastics malfunction or leakage is caused by sample properties corrosivity solid materials etc malfunction is caused by any device part and or chemical other than those supplied by KEM overuse has led to fatigue or wear of parts items are consumables or wearing parts this product has been moved or transported to another place once accepted and instal...

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