manualshive.com logo in svg

HP 17BIIPLUS, Руководство пользователя

Поделиться
Скачать
HP 17BIIPLUS Скачать руководство пользователя страница 56

 

56 

4: Currency Exchange Calculation 

Table 4–2. Currencies 

;

 

#

<

 

# #

=

 

#>

 

"

United States 

of America 

(Dollars) 

Austria, 

Belgium, 

Germany, 

Spain, 

Finland, 

France,  

Greece, 

Ireland, Italy, 

Luxembourg, 
Netherlands, 

Portugal, 

Vatican City 

(EURO) 

Canada 
(Dollars) 

United Kingdom 

(Pounds) 

?

 

#

@

 

#

A

 

#

B

 

#C

 

#

Switzerland 

(Francs) 

Israeli  

(New 

Shekel)

 

Denmark 

(Kroner) 

Norway 

(Kroner) 

Sweden 
(Kronor) 

R

 

!

D

 

#

E

 

#

F

 

#G

 

#

Russia 

(Rouble) 

South Africa 

(Band) 

Saudi Arabia 

(Riyals) 

Argentina Vanuatu 

(Bolivar

)

 

Brazil Peru 

H

 

#

I

 

#

J

 

#

K

 

#L

 

#

Bolivia Chile, 

Colombia, 

Mexico, 

Philippines, 

Uruguay 

(Pesos) 

Hong Kong 

(Dollars) 

Taiwan 

(New Dollars) 

China 

(Yuan 

Renminbi) 

South Korea 

(Won) 

M

 

#

"

1N"

 

#

N

 

#

O

 

# P

 

#

Japan 

(Yen) 

Australia 

(Dollars) 

Malaysia 

(Ringgits) 

New Zealand 

(Dollars) 

Indonesia 

(Rupiahs) 

Q

 

#

R

 

#

S

 

#

T

 

#U

 

 

V

 

 

Singapore 

(Dollars) 

Thailand 

(Baht) 

India 

(Rupee) 

Pakistani 

(Rupees) 

Miscellaneous* 

*

 Use for currencies not shown in table 

 

Содержание 17BIIPLUS

Страница 1: ...hp 17bII Financial Calculator Owner s Manual Edition 1 Part Number F2234 90020 ...

Страница 2: ... or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this manual or the examples contained herein Copyright 2003 Hewlett Packard Development Company L P Reproduction adaptation or translation of this manual is prohibited without prior written permission of Hewlett Packard Company except as allowed under the copyright laws The programs that control your calculator are c...

Страница 3: ...i annual coupons 30 360 or actual actual calendar Depreciation Using methods of straight line declining balance sum of the years digits and accelerated cost recovery system Business Percentages Percent change percent total markup Currency Exchange Exchange calculations between two currencies Statistics Mean correlation coefficient linear estimates and other statistical calculations Clock Time date...

Страница 4: ...g in Negative Numbers 22 Using the Menu Keys 23 The MAIN Menu 25 Choosing Menus and Reading Menu Maps 27 Calculations Using Menus 28 Exiting Menus e 28 Clearing Values in Menus 29 Solving Your Own Equations SOLVE 30 Typing Words and Characters the ALPHAbetic Menu 31 Editing ALPHAbetic Text 32 Calculating the Answer CALC 34 Controlling the Display Format 34 Decimal Places 34 Internal Precision 34 T...

Страница 5: ...umbers 44 Reusing the Last Result L 45 Storing and Recalling Numbers 46 Doing Arithmetic Inside Registers and Variables 47 Scientific Notation 48 Range of Numbers 3 49 Percentage Calculations in Business 50 Using the BUS Menus 50 Examples Using the BUS Menus 50 Percent Change CHG 51 Percent of Total TOTL 52 Markup as a Percent of Cost MU C 52 Markup as a Percent of Price MU P 53 Sharing Variables ...

Страница 6: ...rtization Table 6 84 Interest Rate Conversions 85 The ICNV Menu 85 Converting Interest Rates 87 Compounding Periods Different from Payment Periods 7 91 Cash Flow Calculations 91 The CFLO Menu 92 Cash Flow Diagrams and Signs of Numbers 94 Creating a Cash Flow List 95 Entering Cash Flows 97 Viewing and Correcting the List 98 Copying a Number from a List to the Calculator Line 98 Naming and Renaming ...

Страница 7: ...24 Viewing and Correcting the List 126 Copying a Number from a List to the Calculator Line 126 Naming and Renaming a SUM List 127 Starting or GETting Another List 127 Clearing a SUM List and Its Name 127 Doing Statistical Calculations CALC 128 Calculations with One Variable 130 Calculations with Two Variables FRCST 133 Curve Fitting and Forecasting 138 Weighted Mean and Grouped Standard Deviation ...

Страница 8: ... 153 The Equation Solver 153 Solver Example Sales Forecasts 156 The SOLVE Menu 157 Entering Equations 158 Calculating Using Solver Menus CALC 161 Editing an Equation EDIT 161 Naming an Equation 162 Finding an Equation in the Solver List 162 Shared Variables 162 Clearing Variables 163 Deleting Variables and Equations 164 Deleting One Equation or Its Variables DELET 164 Deleting All Equations or All...

Страница 9: ...0 Additional Examples 190 Loans 190 Simple Annual Interest 191 Yield of a Discounted or Premium Mortgage 193 Annual Percentage Rate for a Loan with Fees 195 Loan with an Odd Partial First Period 197 Canadian Mortgages 199 Advance Payments Leasing 200 Savings 200 Value of a Fund with Regular Withdrawals 202 Deposits Needed for a Child s College Account 206 Value of a Tax Free Account 208 Value of a...

Страница 10: ...the Calculator Requires Service 232 Confirming Calculator Operation Self Test 233 Warranty 235 Service 236 Regulatory information 237 Noise Declaration B 238 More About Calculations 238 IRR Calculations 238 Possible Outcomes of Calculating IRR 239 Halting and Restarting the IRR Calculation 239 Storing a Guess for IRR 240 Solver Calculations 240 Direct Solutions 242 Iterative Solutions 246 Equation...

Страница 11: ... RPN 261 About RPN on the hp 17bII 262 Setting RPN Mode 263 Where the RPN Functions Are 264 Doing Calculations in RPN 264 Arithmetic Topics Affected by RPN Mode 264 Simple Arithmetic 266 Calculations with STO and RCL 266 Chain Calculations No Parentheses E 268 RPN The Stack 268 What the Stack Is 269 Reviewing the Stack Roll Down 269 Exchanging the X and Y Registers in the Stack 270 Arithmetic How ...

Страница 12: ...12 Contents 273 Reusing Numbers 274 Chain Calculations 275 Exercises F 276 RPN Selected Examples 283 Error Messages 289 Index ...

Страница 13: ...xample on page 276 General Business Calculations 50 Percent Change 51 Percent of Total 52 Markup as a Percent of Cost 52 Markup as a Percent of Price 53 Using Shared Variables 159 Return on Equity Currency Exchange Calculations 57 Calculating an Exchange Rate 58 Storing an Exchange Rate 59 Converting between Hong Kong and U S Dollars Time Value of Money 67 A Car Loan 68 A Home Mortgage 69 A Mortga...

Страница 14: ...196 Loan with an Odd First Period 197 Loan with an Odd First Period Plus Balloon 198 Canadian Mortgage 200 Leasing with Advance Payments 200 A Fund with Regular Withdrawals 202 Savings for College RPN example on page 278 207 Tax Free Account RPN example on page 280 208 Taxable Retirement Account RPN example on page 282 214 Insurance Policy Interest Rate Conversions 86 Converting from a Nominal to ...

Страница 15: ...ok 128 Mean Median and Standard Deviation 134 Curve Fitting 138 Weighted Mean 218 A Moving Average in Manufacturing 220 Expected Throws of a Die 2 χ Time Alarms and Date Arithmetic 144 Setting the Date and Time 148 Clearing and Setting an Appointment 151 Calculating the Number of Days between Two Dates 152 Determining a Future Date How to Use the Equation Solver 159 Return on Equity 166 Sales Fore...

Страница 16: ...n RPN Appendixes D E and F explain how to use your calculator in RPN mode Match the problem you need to solve with the calculator s capabilities and read the related topic You can locate information about the calculator s features using the table of contents the subject index the list of examples and the menu maps in appendix C the gold edged pages Before doing any time value of money or cash flow...

Страница 17: ...te ON printed below the key To turn it off press and then C This shifted function is called o note OFF printed above the key Since the calculator has Continuous Memory turning it off does not affect the information you ve stored there To conserve energy the calculator turns itself off after 10 minutes of no use If you see the low battery symbol at the top of the display you should replace the batt...

Страница 18: ...ge the language Table 1 1 Keys for language Key Description German English Spanish French Italian Portuguese What You See in the Display Menu Labels The bottom line of the display shows the menu labels for each of the six major menus work areas in the calculator More about these later in this chapter The Calculator Line The calculator line is where you see numbers or letters that you enter and the...

Страница 19: ...nunciator This symbol stays on until you press the next key If you ever press by mistake just press again to turn off the Backspacing and Clearing The following keys erase typing mistakes entire numbers or even lists or sets of data Shift is active page 19 Sending information to the printer page 184 Alarm going off or past due page 147 Batteries low page 224 Calculator line Cursor Menu labels for ...

Страница 20: ...FLO In other menus like TVM c clears all of the values that have been stored In SOLVE it can delete all equations The cursor is visible while you are keying in a number or doing a calculation When the cursor is visible pressing deletes the last character you keyed in When the cursor is not visible pressing erases the last number Keys Display Description 12345 66 Backspacing removes the 4 and 5 t C...

Страница 21: ...es calculation Once a calculation has been completed pressing another digit key starts a new calculation On the other hand pressing an operator key continues the calculation 77 35 Calculates 77 35 90 89 90 89 65 v 12 New calculation 65 x 12 3 5 Calculates 96 75 3 5 You can also do long calculations without pressing after each intermediate calculation just press it at the end The operators perform ...

Страница 22: ...en press To change the sign of an already displayed number it must be the rightmost number press Keys Display Description 75 Changes the sign of 75 7 1 Multiplies 75 by 7 1 Using the Menu Keys The calculator usually displays a set of labels across the bottom of the display The set is called a menu because it presents you with choices The MAIN menu is the starting point for all other menus v ...

Страница 23: ...he display The labels tell you what the keys do The six keys are called menu keys the labels are called menu labels The MAIN Menu The MAIN menu is a set of primary choices leading to other menu options No matter which menu you currently see pressing A redisplays the MAIN menu The menu structure is hierarchical ...

Страница 24: ...DEPRC Depreciation using SL DB and SOYD methods or ACRS Chapter 9 Business Percentages Percent of total percent change markup on cost markup on price Chapter 3 Statistics Lists of numbers running total mean weighted statistics forecasting summation statistics and more Chapter 10 Time Manager Clock calendar appointments date arithmetic Chapter 11 Equation Solver Creates customized menus from your o...

Страница 25: ...e the BUS menu Then press to choose the MU C menu Press e to return to the previous menu Pressing e enough times returns you to the MAIN menu Press A to return to the MAIN menu directly When a menu has more than six labels the label appears at the far right Use it to switch between sets of menu labels on the same level Example Using Menus Refer to the menu map for MU C above along with this exampl...

Страница 26: ...y the BUS menu Step 4 Press to display the MU C menu Using the MU C menu Step 5 Key in the cost and press to store 4 10 as the COST Step 6 Key in the price and press to store 4 60 as the PRICE Step 7 Press to calculate the markup as a percent of cost The answer 012345678 Step 8 To leave the MU C menu press e twice once to get back to the BUS menu and again to get to the MAIN menu or A to go direct...

Страница 27: ...nu can calculate M C the percent markup on cost given COST and PRICE COST PRICE M C Calculator Memory Store 4 60 Store 4 10 Calculate 12 20 Keys 4 60 Display Keys 4 10 Display Keys Display Then the same menu can calculate PRICE given COST and M C COST PRICE M C Calculator Memory Store 20 00 Store 4 10 Calculate 4 92 Keys 20 Display Keys 4 10 Display Keys Display Notice that the two calculations us...

Страница 28: ... than one value from a menu use storage registers See page 45 Storing and Recalling Numbers Exiting Menus e The e key is used to leave the current menu and go back to the previously displayed menu as shown in the previous example This is true for menus you might pick by accident too e gets you out Clearing Values in Menus The c key is a powerful feature to clear all the data in the currently displ...

Страница 29: ...th your equation which you can use over and over again just like the other menus in the calculator The Solver is covered in chapter 12 but here is an introductory example Because equations usually use letters of the alphabet this section also explains how to type and edit letters and other characters that aren t on the keyboard Example Using the Solver Suppose you frequently buy carpet and must ca...

Страница 30: ... letter you need to press two keys for example 1 is produced by the keystrokes Each letter menu has an key for accessing punctuation and non English characters The letter menus with just four letters for example FGHI include a space character To familiarize yourself with the ALPHA menu type in the equation for the cost of carpeting The necessary keystrokes are shown below Note the access to the sp...

Страница 31: ... 5 AB9BCD 87EF Note that the is just a character part of the variable s name It is not an operator which is Editing ALPHAbetic Text The companion to the ALPHA menu is the ALPHA Edit menu To display the ALPHA Edit menu press in the SOLVE menu or press e in the ALPHA menu DEL ABCDE FGHI JKLM NOPQ RSTUV WXYZ ALPHA EXIT EXIT ...

Страница 32: ...rsor far right one display width C Displays the ALPHA menu again D Keyboard Backspaces and erases the character before the cursor Clears the calculator line C Calculating the Answer CALC After an equation is input pressing E verifies it and creates a new customized menu to go with the equation Menu labels for your variables Each of the variables you typed into the equation now appears as a menu la...

Страница 33: ...r square yard in P YD 12 8 98 Stores the length in L 9 9 C8 Stores the width in W 7EF 8 Calculates the cost to cover a 9 x 12 room Now determine the most expensive carpet you can buy if the maximum amount you can pay is 300 Notice that all you need to do is enter the one value you are changing there is no need to re enter the other values 300 7EF 8 Stores 300 in COST 5 A 5 A8 Calculates the maximu...

Страница 34: ...mber of decimal places you want from 0 to 11 and press I or Press to see a number as precisely as possible at any time 12 digits maximum Internal Precision Changing the number of displayed decimal places affects what you see but does not affect the internal representation of numbers The number inside the calculator always has 12 digits You see only these digits in 2 but these digits are also prese...

Страница 35: ...re displayed S hold G499 52H7 F E FI Temporarily shows full precision r S hold Rounds the number to two decimal places Exchanging Periods and Commas in Numbers To exchange the periods and commas used for the decimal point and digit separators in a number 1 Press D to access the DSP display menu 2 Specify the decimal point by pressing F or G Pressing F sets a period as the decimal point and comma a...

Страница 36: ...en a wrong key is pressed when an error occurs and during alarms for appointments You can suppress and reactivate the beeper in the MODES menu as follows 1 Press 2 Pressing will simultaneously change and display the cur rent setting for the beeper JHH5H2 E beeps for errors and appointments JHH5H2 E I 155 F E 9 beeps only for appointments JHH5H2 EGG silences the beeper completely 3 Press e when don...

Страница 37: ...ce are called bytes The calculator gives you complete flexibility in how you use that available memory such as for lists of numbers or equations Use as much of the memory as you want for any task you want If you use nearly all of the calculator s memory you ll encounter the message F4GG 7 H 0H0E2 To remedy this situation you must erase some previously stored information Refer to Managing Calculato...

Страница 38: ... 124 60 plus 2 and the calculator would display the answer 126 60 There is always a number in the calculator line even though some times the calculator line is hidden by a message such as FH9H7 7E05E4 A To see the number in the calculator line press which removes the message Doing Calculations Simple calculating was introduced in chapter 1 page 21 Often longer calculations involve more than one op...

Страница 39: ...rentheses in Calculations Use parentheses when you want to postpone calculating an intermediate result until you ve entered more numbers For example suppose you want to calculate 30 x 9 85 12 If you were to key in 30 85 the calculator would calculate the intermediate result 0 35 However that s not what you want To de lay the division until you ve subtracted 12 from 85 use parentheses Keys Display ...

Страница 40: ...sult is Adding or Subtracting a Percentage You can do this all in one calculation For instance to decrease 200 by 25 just enter 200 25 Result is Example Calculating Simple Interest You borrow 1 250 from a relative and agree to repay the loan in a year with 7 simple interest How much money will you owe Keys Display Description 1250 7 K Interest on the loan is 87 50 K You must repay this amount at t...

Страница 41: ...culates 20 47 2 B Calculates 4 47 47 20 1 1 w B Calculates 1 12 Completes calculation of 4 47 47 2 x1 12 The Power Function Exponentiation The power function u raises the preceding number to the power of the following number Keys Display Description 125 u 3 K K Calculates 1253 125 u 3 t Calculates the cube root of 125 which is the same as 125 1 3 v v v v ...

Страница 42: ... e logarithm of a positive number I Natural antilogarithm calculates ex 4 Factorial 5 Inserts the value for π into the display Keys Display Description 2 5 m 2 Calculates 102 5 4 4 Calculates the factorial of 4 e Exits MATH menu You can access the MATH menu when another menu is displayed For instance while using SUM you might want to use a MATH function Just press m then perform the calculation Pr...

Страница 43: ...s make up the history stack Invisible numbers remaining from previous results The and keys roll the history stack down or up one line bringing the hidden results back into the display If you hold down or the history stack wraps around on itself However you cannot roll the history stack when an incomplete calculation is in the display Also you cannot gain access to the stack while using lists SUM C...

Страница 44: ...ry stack saves you time Moves 42 92 back to calculator line 11 Reusing the Last Result L The L key copies the last result that is the number just above the calculator line in the history stack into a current calculation This lets you reuse a number without retyping it and also lets you break up a complicated calculation 39 8 123 17 Keys Display Description 123 17 Calculates 123 17 v Calculates 140...

Страница 45: ...here is more than one number on the calculator line s stores only the last number in the display To store or recall a number 1 Press s or R To cancel this step press 2 Key in the register number The following example uses two storage registers to do two calculations that use some of the same numbers 475 6 560 1 475 6 39 15 39 15 Keys Display Description 475 6 s 1 Stores 475 6 into register 1 39 15...

Страница 46: ...into a register you overwrite whatever existed there before Doing Arithmetic Inside Registers and Variables You can also do arithmetic inside storage registers Keys Display Description 45 7 s 3 Stores 45 7 in reg 3 2 5 s 3 Multiplies contents of register 3 by 2 5 and stores result 114 25 back in register 3 R 3 Displays register 3 Table 2 3 Arithmetic in Registers Keys New Register Contents s old r...

Страница 47: ...is is 3 6628 x1012 For very small numbers the decimal point is moved to the right and 10 is raised to a negative power For example 0 00000752 can be written as 7 52 x 10 6 When a calculation produces a result with more than 12 digits the number is automatically displayed in scientific notation using a capital E in place of x10 Remember that changes the sign of the entire number and not of the expo...

Страница 48: ...48 2 Arithmetic Range of Numbers The largest positive and negative numbers available on the calculator are 9 99999999999 x 10 499 the smallest positive and negative numbers available are 1 x 10 499 ...

Страница 49: ...ness Percentages BUS Menus Menu Description Percent change J The difference between two numbers OLD and NEW expressed as a percentage CH of OLD Percent of total K The portion that one number PART is of another TOTAL expressed as a percentage T Markup on cost The difference between price PRICE and cost COST expressed as a percentage of the cost M C Markup on price L The difference between price PRI...

Страница 50: ... You can calculate any one of the three variables if you know the other two 1 To display the CHG TOTL MU C or MU P menu from the MAIN menu press then the appropriate menu label Pressing J for example displays 2 Store each value you know by keying in the number and pressing the appropriate menu key 3 Press the menu key for the value you want to calculate Examples Using the BUS Menus Percent Change ...

Страница 51: ...res 12 in CH HC8 K Calculates the value 12 greater than 90 000 Percent of Total TOTL Example Total assets for your company are 67 584 The firm has inventories of 23 457 What percentage of total assets is inventory You will be supplying values for TOTAL and PART and calculating T This takes care of all three variables so there is no need to use c to remove old data Keys Display Description K Displa...

Страница 52: ...lates price Markup as a Percent of Price MU P Example Kilowatt Electronics purchases televisions for 225 with a discount of 4 The televisions are sold for 300 What is the markup of the net cost as a percent of the selling price What is the markup as percent of price without the 4 discount Keys Display Description L Displays MU P menu 225 4 7EF 8 Calculates and stores net cost in COST 300 52 7H8 St...

Страница 53: ...e MU P menu the calculator retains those values In other words the variables are shared between the two menus Example Using Shared Variables A food cooperative buys cases of canned soup with an invoice cost of 9 60 per case If the co op routinely uses a 15 markup on cost for what price should it sell a case of soup Keys Display Description Displays MU C menu 9 6 7EF 8 Stores 9 60 in COST 15 012345...

Страница 54: ...ncy exchange calculations between two currencies using an exchange rate that you calculate or store The CURRX Menu BUS FIN SUM TIME SOLVE CURRX SELCT US EUR RATE C STO C RCL To display the currency exchange menu from the MAIN menu press Currency 2 is EUR EURO Dollar Currency 1 is US U S Dollar ...

Страница 55: ... Selects a new set of currencies Selecting a Set of Currencies To select a pair of currencies 1 Press to display the menu of currencies Press more if necessary to see additional currencies see table 4 2 2 Press a menu key to select currency 1 3 Press a menu key to select currency 2 RATE is automatically reset to 1 0000 4 Enter an exchange rate There are two ways enter the RATE Calculate the rate f...

Страница 56: ... Kroner Norway Kroner Sweden Kronor R D E F G Russia Rouble South Africa Band Saudi Arabia Riyals Argentina Vanuatu Bolivar Brazil Peru H I J K L Bolivia Chile Colombia Mexico Philippines Uruguay Pesos Hong Kong Dollars Taiwan New Dollars China Yuan Renminbi South Korea Won M 1N N O P Japan Yen Australia Dollars Malaysia Ringgits New Zealand Dollars Indonesia Rupiahs Q R S T U V Singapore Dollars ...

Страница 57: ...valent to 0 6584 US 1 HK is equivalent to 0 1282 US Part 1 Select the currencies and calculate an exchange rate form them Keys Display Description H H2 1 21 H Display the CURRX menu FH9H7 7422H 7 Select CAN as currency 1 H H2 1 21 H Select US as currency 2 1 71 N8 Store number of CAN The chart is in terms of United States dollars Many charts have two columns a Buy column and a Sell column The Buy ...

Страница 58: ...of US 7 21 H8 Calculates the RATE 1 0 6584 Example Storing an Exchange Rate If you choose to store the exchange rate directly you must select the currencies in the correct order since the RATE is defined as the number of units of currency 2 equivalent to one unit of currency 1 Use the United States conversion chart on page 57 to store an exchange rate for converting between Hong Kong Dollars and U...

Страница 59: ...eater in a shop window costs 75 US What is its cost in HK Dollars Keys Display Description 75 4FN8 Store number of US I M3N8 Calculates equivalent HK Storing and Recalling Sets of Currencies Pressing 8 or 9 displays the C STO C RCL menu which is used to store and recall sets of currencies and the rates The menu can store up to six sets of currencies Initially the menu contains six blank labels Sto...

Страница 60: ...s 9 followed by the appropriate menu key The hp 17bII automatically returns to the CURRX menu The equivalency message and menu labels show the recalled currencies and RATE Clearing the Currency Variables Pressing c while the CURRX menu is displayed sets the RATE to 1 0000 The values of the two current currencies are cleared to 0 ...

Страница 61: ...he principal at specified compounding periods thereby also earning interest Savings accounts mortgages and leases are compound interest calculations In simple interest calculations the interest is a percent of the principal and is repaid in one lump sum Simple interest calculations can be done using the key page 40 For an example that calculates simple interest using an annual interest rate see pa...

Страница 62: ...ent periods coincide with the compounding periods Payment mode the end of each period 12 payments or periods per year To second level of TVM Figure 5 1 The First Level of TVM The first level of the TVM menu has five menu labels for variables plus The key accesses a second level menu used to specify payment conditions the payment mode and to call up the AMRT amortization menu Figure 5 2 The Second ...

Страница 63: ... payments are unequal use CFLO not TVM Payments can occur at the beginning or end of each period If PMT represents money paid out it is negative Stores or calculates the future value a final cash flow or a compounded value of a series of previous cash flows PV PMTs FV always occurs at the end of the last period If FV is paid out it is negative e X Second Level Y Specifies the number of payments or...

Страница 64: ...When the second level menu is displayed pressing c resets the payment conditions to 5 2 H A 0EAH To see what value is currently stored in a variable press R menu label This shows you the value without recalculating it Cash Flow Diagrams and Signs of Numbers It is helpful to illustrate TVM calculations with cash flow diagrams Cash flow diagrams are time lines divided into equal segments called comp...

Страница 65: ...oth 1 2 3 4 5 PMT Equal periods Equal payments FV is Future Value if any e g a balloon payment Money re ceived is a positive number Money paid out is a negative number Loan Figure 5 3 A Cash Flow Diagram for a Loan from Borrower s Point of View End Mode 1 2 3 4 5 Loan Figure 5 4 A Cash Flow Diagram for a Loan from Lender s Point of View End Mode ...

Страница 66: ...o clear previous TVM values press c Note You don t need to clear data if you enter new values for all five variables or if you want to retain previous values 3 Read the message that describes the number of payments per year and the payment mode Begin End If you need to change either of these settings press To change the number of payments per year key in the new value and press Y If the number of ...

Страница 67: ...vious TVM values Store zero for example pressing 0 X sets FV to zero Loan Calculations Three examples illustrate common loan calculations For amortization of loan payments see page 77 Loan calculations typically use End mode for payments Example A Car Loan You are financing the purchase of a new car with a 3 year loan at 10 5 annual interest compounded monthly The purchase price of the car is 7 25...

Страница 68: ...tive value means money to be paid out To calculate the interest rate that reduces the payment by 10 add 10 to reduce the negative PMT value 10 W 50 8 Stores the reduced payment amount U 6 28 Calculates the annual interest rate Example A Home Mortgage After careful consideration of your personal finances you ve decided that the maximum monthly mortgage payment you can afford is 630 You can make a 1...

Страница 69: ...res this number of payments in N 11 5 U 6 28 Stores annual interest rate 630 W 50 8 Stores a negative monthly payment V 5O8 K Calculates loan amount 12000 K Calculates total price of the house loan plus down payment Example A Mortgage with a Balloon Payment You ve taken out a 25 year 75 250 mortgage at 13 8 annual interest You anticipate that you will own the house for four years and then sell it ...

Страница 70: ...fter 4 years Keys Display Description Display TVM menu c 5 2 H A 0EAH Clears history stack and TVM variables c e 5 2 H A 0EAH If needed sets 12 payment periods per year End mode Step 1 Calculate PMT for the mortgage 25 T 8 Figures and stores the number of monthly payments in 25 years 13 8 U 6 28 Stores annual interest rate 75250 V 5O8 K Stores amount of the loan W 50 8 Calculates monthly payment ...

Страница 71: ...ample A Savings Account You deposit 2 000 into a savings account that pays 7 2 annual interest compounded annually If you make no other deposits into the account how long will it take for the account to grow to 3 000 Since this account has no regular payments PMT 0 the payment mode End or Begin is irrelevant 3 000 _2 000 0 7 2 1 The PMT stored in the previous step is the 12 digit number 894 330557...

Страница 72: ...y to interpret results based on a non integer value 5 83 of N Since the calculated value of N is between 5 and 6 it will take 6 years of annual compounding to achieve a balance of at least 3 000 The actual balance at the end of 6 years can be calculated as follows 6 T 8 Stores a whole number of years in N X GO8 K Calculates account balance after six years Example An Individual Retirement Account I...

Страница 73: ... necessary to clear data because you do not need to set any of the values to zero 24 Y e 5 2 H A 0EAH Sets 24 payment periods per year End mode 15 T 8 Figures and stores number of deposits in N 8 3 U 6 28 Stores annual interest rate 2000 V 5O8 K Stores initial deposit 80 W 50 8 Stores semimonthly payment X GO8 K Calculates balance in IRA after 15 years ...

Страница 74: ...amples with two or more advance payments see pages 75 and 199 Example Calculating a Lease Payment A new car valued at 13 500 is to be leased for 3 years The lessee has the option to purchase the car for 7 500 at the end of the leasing period What monthly payments with one payment in advance are necessary to yield the lessor 14 annually Calculate the payments from the lessor s point of view Use Beg...

Страница 75: ...for 15 000 at the end of the leasing period What is the capitalized value of the lease The interest rate you pay to borrow funds is 18 compounded monthly 1 3 2 44 45 46 47 48 _ 15 000 4 800 2 _2 400 18 12 Begin mode 47 The problem is done in four steps 1 Calculate the present value of 47 monthly payments in Begin mode Begin mode makes the first payment an advance payment 2 Add one additional payme...

Страница 76: ...18 U 6 28 Stores annual interest rate 2400 W 50 8 K Stores monthly payment V 5O8 K Calculates present capitalized value of the 47 monthly payments Step 2 Add the additional advance payment to PV Store the answer 2400 K Calculates present value of all payments s 0 K Stores result in register 0 Step 3 Find the present value of the buy option 48 T 8 Stores number of payment periods 15000 X GO8 K Stor...

Страница 77: ...resent capitalized value of lease Amortization AMRT The AMRT menu press displays or prints the following values The loan balance after the payment s are made The amount of the payment s applied toward interest The amount of the payment s applied toward principal TVM I YR INT BEG N P P YR PV PRIN END PMT BAL FV NEXT OTHER TABLE AMRT v ...

Страница 78: ...t amortization schedule which contains P payments The next set of payments starts whe re the previous set left off c Displays a menu for printing an amortization table schedule Displaying an Amortization Schedule For amortization calculations you need to know PV I YR and PMT If you have just finished doing these calculations with the TVM menu then skip to step 3 To calculate and display an amortiz...

Страница 79: ...chedule go to page 82 to continue 7 Key in the number of payments to be amortized at one time and press For example to see a year of monthly payments at one time set P to 12 To amortize the entire life of a loan at one time set P equal to the total number of payments N If P 12 the display would show Current set of payments to be amortized Number of payments amortized at one time Press to see resul...

Страница 80: ...r 65 000 mortgage at 12 5 annual interest Your monthly payment is 693 72 Calculate the amount of the first year s and second year s payments that are applied toward principal and interest Then calculate the loan balance after 42 payments 3 years Keys Display Description Displays TVM menu 12 5 U 6 28 Stores annual interest rate 65000 V 5O8 K Stores loan amount 693 72 W 50 8 Stores monthly payment c...

Страница 81: ...e for next 12 payments _ H2HF 8 K Displays results for second year 52 7 5198 a J191 7H8 K To calculate the balance after 42 payments 3 years amortize 18 additional payments 42 24 18 18 P58 50 FI Calculates amortization schedule for next 18 months _ H2HF 8 K Displays results 52 7 5198 a J191 7H8 K Printing an Amortization Table TABLE To print an amortization schedule or table do steps 1 through 5 f...

Страница 82: ... exit the TABLE menu so you can print successive amortization schedules by re entering only those TABLE values that change Example Printing an Amortization Schedule For the loan described in the previous example page 80 print an amortization table with entries for the fifth and sixth years You can continue from the AMRT menu in the previous example step 7 above or repeat steps 1 through 6 Starting...

Страница 83: ...5 Time Value of Money 83 1 year g Calculates and prints amortization schedule shown below 6 28 5O8 K 50 8 GO8 5 28 H A 0EAH 50 FI H2HF 8 K 52 7 5198 J191 7H8 K 50 FI H2HF 8 K 52 7 5198 J191 7H8 K ...

Страница 84: ...t pays interest quarterly with a bond that pays interest semiannually The nominal rate is the stated annual interest rate compounded periodically such as 18 per year compounded monthly The effective rate is the rate that compounded only once that is annually would produce the same final value as the nominal rate A nominal annual rate of 18 compounded monthly equals an effective annual rate of 19 5...

Страница 85: ...tinuous compounding Converting Interest Rates To convert between a nominal annual interest rate and an effective annual interest rate that is compounded periodically 1 Press h to display the interest conversions menu 2 Press i for periodic 3 Key in the number of compounding periods per year and press 1 4 To convert to the effective rate first key in the nominal rate and press j then press k 5 To c...

Страница 86: ...s For example an effective interest rate in CONT remains stored in EFF when you exit the CONT menu and enter the PER menu Pressing c in either menu clears NOM and EFF in both NOM NOM PER ICNV EFF EFF CONT P Shared variables between PER and CONT Example Converting from a Nominal to an Effective Interest Rate You are considering opening a savings account in one of three banks Which bank has the most...

Страница 87: ...7E 4E4F 7E05E4 A Displays CONT menu Previous values of NOM and EFF are retained k HGG68 Calculates effective rate for bank 3 The calculations show that bank 3 is offering the most favorable interest rate Compounding Periods Different from Payment Periods The TVM menu assumes that the compounding periods and the payment periods are the same However regularly occurring savings account deposits and w...

Страница 88: ...ls you will be making per year in 1 b Press j 4 Return to the TVM menu ee 5 Store the just calculated nominal interest rate in I YR press s U 6 Store the number of payments or withdrawals per year in Y and set the appropriate payment mode 7 Continue with the TVM calculation Remember that money paid out is negative money received is positive a N is the total number of periodic deposits or withdrawa...

Страница 89: ...eceive from the account Keys Display Description h FH9H7 7E05E4 A i 7E05E4 A 5 0HF 2 Periodic interest rate conversion menu 365 1 58 Stores bank s compounding periods 5 j E068 Stores bank s nominal interest rate k HGG68 Calculates effective interest rate for daily compounding 12 1 58 Stores number of deposits per year j E068 Calculates equivalent nominal interest rate for monthly compounding ee Sw...

Страница 90: ... deposit X GO8 K Value of account in 7 years If the interest rate were the unknown you would first do the TVM calculation to get I YR 5 01 Then in the ICNV PER menu store 5 01 as NOM and 12 as P for monthly compounding Calculate EFF 5 13 Then change P to 365 for daily compounding and calculate NOM 5 00 This is the bank s rate ...

Страница 91: ...ent value NPV net uniform series NUS and net future value NFV for a specified periodic interest rate I You can store many separate lists of cash flows The maximum number depends on the amount of available calculator memory The CFLO menu FIN TVM CALC TOTAL BUS ICNV INSR IRR SUM CFLO DELET I TIME BOND NAME NPV SOLVE DEPRC GET NUS NFV CURRX The CFLO menu creates cash flow lists and performs calculati...

Страница 92: ...lay press I once This does not affect number entry To see this menu when the calculator line is in the display press e Cash Flow Diagrams and Signs of Numbers The sign conventions used for cash flow calculations are the same as those used in time value of money calculations A typical series of cash flows is one of two types Ungrouped cash flows These occur in series of cash flows without groups of...

Страница 93: ...sitive for money paid out the line points down negative In this case the investor has invested 700 This investment has generated a series of cash flows starting at the end of the first period Notice that there is no cash flow a cash flow of zero for period five and that the investor pays a small amount in period six Grouped cash flows These occur in a series containing groups of equal consecutive ...

Страница 94: ...ing a Cash Flow List To use CFLO be sure your cash flows are occurring at regular intervals and at the end of each period If a period is skipped enter zero for its cash flow If there are any grouped consecutive and equal cash flows the TIMES prompting makes entering the data easier If the cash flows occur at the beginning of each period then combine the first flow with the initial flow which can i...

Страница 95: ...prompting on For more information see Prompting for TIMES next page 4 Key in the value of the initial cash flow FLOW 0 remember that money paid out is negative use to change the sign and press I 5 After briefly showing FLOW 0 the display shows G9ECL T8U To view FLOW 0 longer hold down I before releasing it Key in the value for FLOW 1 and press I The prompt for the next item appears 6 For grouped c...

Страница 96: ...e the list get another list or do calculations with the values Use these same instructions to enter additional lists Prompting for TIMES T When the calculator displays P 0HFL T8 it is prompting you for the number of times the current flow occurs If all your cash flows are different TIMES always 1 then you don t need the P 0HF prompt You can turn the prompting for TIMES on and off by pressing q in ...

Страница 97: ...F U Asks for confirmation W G9ECL T8U Clears data from list and prompts for initial flow q P 0HF 52E05 I EGG Sets prompting off be cause it is not needed 500 I G9ECL T8U Enters initial flow then immediately prompts for next flow 125 I G9ECL T8U Enters FLOW 1 prompts for next flow 275 I G9ECL T8U Enters FLOW 2 prompts for next flow 200 I G9ECL T8U Enters FLOW 3 prompts for next flow e E 5OK 4FK GO ...

Страница 98: ...hen enter a new cash flow and its TIMES For example if FLOW 6 is in the display pressing m puts a new zero flow between the previously numbered FLOW 5 and FLOW 6 Deleting Cash Flows from a List Pressing n deletes both the current flow and its TIMES Copying a Number from a List to the Calculator Line To copy a number from the list into the calculator line use or to display the number then press R I...

Страница 99: ...the last one used To start a new list or switch to a different one the current list must be named or cleared If it is named then 1 Press p The GET menu contains a menu label for each named list plus s 2 Press the key for the desired list s brings up a new empty list Clearing a Cash Flow List and Its Name To clear a list s numbers and name 1 Display the list you want to clear then press c W This re...

Страница 100: ...nternal rate of return IRR This is a periodic rate of return To calculate an annual nominal rate when the period is not a year multiply the IRR by the number of periods per year If you want the IRR as an effective annual rate then use the FIN ICNV menu to convert from the nominal annual rate to the effective annual rate Net present value NPV net uniform series NUS and net future value NFV for a sp...

Страница 101: ...of a series of cash flows by finding the future value of the net present value The calculations for internal rate of return are complex and may take a relatively long time To interrupt the calculation press any key In certain cases the calculator displays a message indicating that the calculation cannot continue without further information from you or that there is no solution Refer to appendix B ...

Страница 102: ... calculate the net present value and net future value assuming an annual interest rate of 10 5 Start the problem with an empty cash flow list Since the cash flows are ungrouped each one occurs just once Turn off the TIMES prompt to make cash flow entry faster Keys Display Description r Displays current cash flow list and CFLO menu keys c W or p s G9ECL T8U Clears current list or gets a new one The...

Страница 103: ...CL T8U Stores FLOW 4 115000 I G9ECL T8U Stores final cash flow and shows end of list e E O E 198 K Calculates sum of the cash flows t 2268 Calculates internal rate of return 10 5 u 68 Stores periodic interest rate v 5O8 K Calculates NPV x GO8 K Calculates NFV Now calculate the net present value at an interest rate of 10 5 if cash flow 4 is reduced to 1 000 e G9ECL T8U Displays the bottom of the li...

Страница 104: ... IRR Also find NPV and NFV at an annual interest rate of 9 _ 9 000 0 500 500 500 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 500 1 500 1 500 Since some of these cash flows are grouped consecutive and equal the TIMES prompting must be on so you can specify a number other than 1 Group Number Amount Number of Times Initial 1 2 3 4 9 000 500 1 000 0 1 500 3 4 1 3 Keys Display Description r Current cash flow list and CF...

Страница 105: ...e the 1 is automatically entered 1500 I 3 I G9ECL T8U Stores FLOW 4 three times e E Displays the CALC menu t 2268 Calculates monthly IRR 9 12 u 68 Stores the periodic monthly interest rate v 5O8 Calculates NPV x GO8 Calculates NFV Example An Investment with Quarterly Cash Returns You have been offered an opportunity to invest 20 000 The investment returns quarterly payments over four years as foll...

Страница 106: ...ys Display Description r Current cash flow list c W or p s G9ECL T8U Clears the current list or gets a new one This sets the TIMES prompting on 20000 I G9ECL T8U Stores the initial cash flow 500 I P 0HFL T8 Stores FLOW 1 then prompts for number of times this flow occurs 4 I G9ECL T8U FLOW 1 occurs four times 1000 I 4 I 2000 I 4 I 3000 I 4 Stores FLOW 2 FLOW 3 and FLOW 4 and the number of times eac...

Страница 107: ... Data If you would like to do other calculations with cash flows besides those in the CALC menu you can do so by writing your own Solver equations There are Solver functions that can access data stored in CFLO lists and there is a summation function that can combine all or part of the values stored in specific lists Refer to Accessing CFLO and SUM Lists from the Solver in chapter 12 v ...

Страница 108: ...onth days per year Municipal state and corporate bonds issued in the United States are typically 30 360 U S Treasury bonds are actual actual Coupon payments semi annual or annual Most U S bonds are semi annual The BOND Menu FIN TVM TYPE YLD BUS ICNV SETT PRICE SUM CFLO MAT ACCRU TIME BOND CPN SOLVE DEPRC CALL MORE MORE CURRX Pressing y shows you the BOND menu and the type of bond currently specifi...

Страница 109: ...ice per 100 face value For a yield to maturity make sure CALL equals 100 A bond at maturity has a call value that is 100 of its face value Stores or calculates the yield as an annual percentage to maturity or yield to call date Stores or calculates the price per 100 face value Calculates the interest accrued from the last coupon payment date until the settlement date per 100 face value The calcula...

Страница 110: ...menu press y 2 Press c This sets CALL 100 3 Define the type of bond If the message in the display does not match the type you want press z Calendar basis Interest period Pressing sets the calendar basis to a 30 day month and a 360 day year Pressing sets the calendar basis to the actual calendar month and to the actual calendar year Pressing ƒ sets semi annual coupon payments Pressing sets annual c...

Страница 111: ...o a variable Do not clear the arithmetic and then retype the result before storing it this is an unnecessary step that can cause incorrect answers due to rounding See how the following example stores 83 8 in YLD Example Price and Yield of a Bond What price should you pay on August 10 2003 for a 6 U S Treasury bond that matures on May 1 2018 if you wish a yield of 83 8 The calendar basis is actual ...

Страница 112: ...7H8 Stores quoted price 9A68 Result yield to maturity Example A Bond with a Call Feature What is the price of a 6 corporate bond maturing on March 3 2022 and purchased on May 2 2003 to yield 5 7 It is callable on March 3 2006 a coupon date at a value of 102 75 What is the yield to the call date Use a 30 360 calendar with semi annual coupon payments Keys Display Description y c Displays BOND menu c...

Страница 113: ...xample A Zero Coupon Bond Calculate the price of a zero coupon semi annual bond using a 30 360 calendar basis The bond was purchased on May 19 2003 and will mature on June 30 2017 and has a yield to maturity of 10 Keys Display Description y c Clears BOND variables setting CALL to 100 z ƒ e FH0 1 419 Sets type if necessary check the display 5 192003 FH 8 0E Purchase date MM DDYYYY format 6 302017 0...

Страница 114: ...depreciable values one year at a time The methods available are Declining balance Sum of the years digits Straight line Accelerated Cost Recovery System The DEPRC Menu FIN TVM BASIS YR BUS ICNV SALV FACT SUM CFLO LIFE DB SOYD SL TIME BOND ACRS SOLVE DEPRC ACRS MORE MORE CURRX Pressing displays the DEPRC menu ...

Страница 115: ...SALV LIFE FACT and YR do not matter Š Stores the number of the year for which you want the depreciation 1 2 etc Œ Stores the declining balance factor as a percentage of the straight line rate This is for the DB method only For example for a rate 1 times 125 the straight line rate enter 125 Calculates the declining balance depreciation for the year Ž Calculates the sum of the years digits depreciat...

Страница 116: ... 4 Key in the number for the year of depreciation you want to calculate 1 2 3 etc and press 5 If you are using the declining balance method enter the DB factor a percentage and press Œ 6 Press Ž or to calculate the appropriate depreciation 7 To see the remaining depreciable value basis salvage value accumulated depreciation press 8 To calculate the depreciation for another year just change YR and ...

Страница 117: ...traight line depreciation as well Keys Display Description Displays DEPRC menu 10000 J1F F8 K Cost basis 500 F19O8 Salvage value 5 ˆ 9 GH8 Useful life 1 2P8 First year of depreciation 200 Œ G17 68 DB percentage factor AJ8 K Depreciation in first year Salvage value ignored at this point 2AO8 K Remaining depreciable value after first year BASIS SALV 4 000 2 AJ8 K Depreciation in second year 2AO8 K R...

Страница 118: ...t the percentage of an asset s basis that can be deducted each year of its prescribed life Look up that value enter it and press 4 Press Š to calculate the value of the deduction Example ACRS Deductions Use the ACRS method to find the in come tax deduction for a 25 000 asset over 3 years of a 5 year life Use this hypothetical ACRS table Year Percentage Deductible 1 2 3 4 5 15 25 20 20 20 Keys Disp...

Страница 119: ...his does not apply to the ACRS method Suppose you acquired an asset in October and wanted to depreciate it for 3 years Your fiscal year begins January 1st The depreciation schedule would affect parts of 4 years as shown in the illustration The 3 months from October to December equal year Number of months Calendar years Depreciation years 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 3 9 3 year life For SL depreciation partial ye...

Страница 120: ...e sum of the years digits method find the amount of depreciation for the fourth year Assume the first depreciation year was 11 months long Keys Display Description Displays DEPRC menu 12000 500 10 ˆ 3 2P8 Stores known values Ž FE A8 K Calculates depreciation for year 3 12 s 1 Stores 1 month s depreciation from year 3 4 Ž FE A8 K Calculates depreciation for year 4 11 12 K Figures 11 months deprecia...

Страница 121: ...smallest number in the list Sort the list from smallest number to largest number With two lists of numbers you can Do curve fitting and forecasting calculations using two SUM lists and one of four models linear exponential logarithmic and power Curve fitting for the linear model is called linear regression Calculate the weighted mean and grouped standard deviation Find the summation statistics x x...

Страница 122: ... 1 SUM Menu Labels Menu Label Description E Accesses the CALC menu to calculate the total mean median standard deviation range minimum maximum sorting and linear regression including weighted mean and summation statistics m Allows you to insert numbers into the list n Deletes numbers from the list o Allows you to name the list p Allows you to switch from one named list to another or to create a ne...

Страница 123: ...s the bottom of the current list 2 If the list is empty start filling it step 3 If the current list is not empty you can do either a or b a Clear the list by pressing c W see also page 127 b Get a new list by pressing p s The old list must be named first Press o or see page 126 3 Key in the value of the first item ITEM 1 press for a negative number and press I To view ITEM 1 longer hold down I bef...

Страница 124: ...l calculations Use these same instructions to enter additional lists Viewing and Correcting the List To display a particular list use p see page 127 The and keys move up and down the list one number at a time and display the beginning and end of the list Changing or Clearing a Number To change a number after it s been entered display the number key in the new value and press I Use the same method ...

Страница 125: ...ck 128 90 6 1 Deposit 837 42 6 7 Check 65 35 6 1 Check 368 23 6 10 Deposit 55 67 6 2 Check 45 36 Update the checkbook by calculating the running balance Keys Display Description cW H0L T8U Displays empty SUM list 267 82 I H0L T8U E 198 Enters beginning balance and shows running total 837 42 I H0L T8U E 198 K Enters deposit on 6 1 368 23 I 45 36 I 128 90 I 65 35 I Enters remaining transactions If y...

Страница 126: ...list To name a list 1 Press o from the SUM menu 2 Use the ALPHA menu to type in a name The ALPHA and ALPHA Edit menus are covered on pages 30 32 To clear a name press C 3 Press I The name can be up to 22 characters long and include any character except x space But only the first three to five characters depending on letter widths of the name are used for a menu label Avoid names with the same firs...

Страница 127: ... If the list is named you ll see 19FE 79H12 9 F 10HU Press W to remove the name Press X to retain the name with an empty list To remove just one value at a time from a list use n Doing Statistical Calculations CALC Once you have entered a list of numbers you can calculate the following values For one variable the total mean median standard deviation range minimum and maximum You can also sort the ...

Страница 128: ... in the list Sorts the list in ascending order Displays a series of menus for calculations with two variables for curve fitting estimation weighted mean and grouped standard deviation and summation statistics The calculator finds the sample standard deviation The formula assumes that the list of numbers is a sampling of a larger complete set of data If the list is in fact the entire set of data th...

Страница 129: ...est value in the list Keys Display Description Displays current SUM list and SUM menu keys c W or p s H0L T8U Clears current list or gets a new one 340 I H0L T8U E 198 Stores May s phone bill shows total 175 I H0L T8U E 198 Stores June updates total 450 I 780 I 245 I 625 I H0L T8U E 198 K Stores phone bills for July October and keeps a running total e E K Displays CALC menu 0H1 8 Calculates mean 0...

Страница 130: ...Variables FRCST The FRCST menu does the following two variable calculations using two SUM lists Fits x and y data to a linear logarithmic exponential or power curve Forecasts estimated values based on that curve Finds the weighted mean and grouped standard deviation Shows you the summation statistics Σx Σx2 Σy Σy2 Σxy etc ...

Страница 131: ...N y list W MN MAX MEDN CORR G SD SORT FRCST select x and y STDEV M RANGE B SIZE MORE MORE MORE MORE MORE LIN LOG EXP PWR After pressing you must specify two previously created lists one for the x variable and one for the y variable The two lists must have the same number of items ...

Страница 132: ...d curve š Calculates M For the linear model this is the slope Calculates B For the linear model this is the y intercept œ Displays a choice of the four curve fitting models H I and ž Ÿ Calculates the weighted mean of the x values using the weights in the y list Calculates the standard deviation of a set of x values grouped by frequencies specified in the y list The number of items in either list S...

Страница 133: ...e variable You can select one of four curve fitting models Linear Curve Fit Logarithmic Curve Fit Exponential Curve Fit Power Curve Fit y y y y x x x x Mx M The exponential logarithmic and power models are calculated using transformations that allow the data to be fitted by standard linear regression The equations for these transformations appear in appendix B The logarithmic model requires positi...

Страница 134: ...y values dependent variable 5 Now you see the FRCST menu Whichever curve fitting model was used last is named in the display If you want to select a different model press œ and then the menu key for the model 6 To calculate the curve fitting results press š and 7 To forecast estimate a value a Key in the known value and press the menu key for that variable b Press the menu key for the variable who...

Страница 135: ... 4 1 400 920 1 100 2 265 2 890 2 200 BJ s wants to determine whether there is a linear relationship between the amount of radio advertising and the weekly sales If a strong relationship exists BJ s wants to use the relationship to forecast sales A graph of the data looks like this 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x 1 000 2 000 3 000 y SALES in Dollars B of Advertising forecasted M 425 88 ...

Страница 136: ...sing x values into a SUM list e o 5H 1 10HIV 54 W MINUTES I H0L T8U Names this list See page 30 to use the ALPHA menu Now enter and name the second list p s H0L T8U Gets a new empty list 1400 I 920 I 1100 I 2265 I 2890 I 2200 I H0L T8U E 198 K Stores weekly sales y values into a second SUM list e o 5H 1 10HIV 54 W SALES I H0L T8U Names y list E FH9H7 X O12 1J9H Identifies the lists for curve fitti...

Страница 137: ...rchased 7 minutes of advertising time per week 7 0 4 0 4 HF8 Stores 7 in variable MINUTES F19HF F19HF8 K Forecasts the sales resulting from 7 minutes of radio advertising How many minutes of advertising should BJ s buy if it wants to attain sales of 3 000 3000 F19HF 0 4 0 4 HF8 The business should buy about 6 minutes of advertising for sales of 3 000 If the model named here is not the one you want...

Страница 138: ...therwise 4 Press the menu key for the list of x values 5 Now select the list with the weights or frequencies y 6 To calculate the weighted mean press Ÿ 7 To calculate the grouped standard deviation press Example Weighted Mean A survey of 266 one bedroom rental apartments reveals that 54 of them rent for 200 per month 32 for 205 88 for 210 and 92 for 216 What is the average monthly rent and its sta...

Страница 139: ...e x list 9 H12 Specifies the current unnamed list as the y list and then displays the FRCST menu Ignore model type Ÿ Average monthly rent Standard deviation of the rents Summation Statistics The summation values are of interest if you want to perform other statistical calculations besides those provided by the calculator To find Σx Σx2 Σy Σy2 Σ xy and n the number of elements in either list 1 Disp...

Страница 140: ...ing Other Calculations with SUM Data If you would like to do other statistical calculations with SUM data besides those in the CALC menu you can do so by writing your own Solver equation There are Solver functions that can access data stored in SUM lists and there is a summation function that can combine all or part of the values stored in specific lists Refer to Accessing CFLO and SUM Lists from ...

Отзывы:

Нет отзывов

Бренды по названию

Популярные бренды

Загрузить еще бренды