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Spanning Tree

Redundancy L2B

Release 6.0 07/2010

4.1 The Spanning Tree Protocol

43

4.1.4 Root Path Cost

Each path that connects 2 bridges is assigned a cost for the transmission 
(path cost). The Switch determines this value based on the transmission 
speed 

(see table 6)

. It assigns a higher path cost to paths with lower 

transmission speeds.

Alternatively, the Administrator can set the path cost. Like the Switch, the 
Administrator assigns a higher path cost to paths with lower transmission 
speeds. However, since the Administrator can choose this value freely, he 
has a tool with which he can give a certain path an advantage among 
redundant paths.

The root pathcost is the sum of all individual costs of those paths that a data 
packet has to traverse from a connected bridge‘s port and the root bridge.

Figure 15: Path costs

Ethernet (100 Mbit/s)

Ethernet (10 Mbit/s)

PC

Path costs

PC = 2 000 000

PC = 200 000

PC = 200 000

Bridge 1

Bridge 2

Bridge 3

Содержание MACH 1040 Series

Страница 1: ...Redundancy Release 6 0 07 2010 Technical Support HAC Support Belden com User Manual Redundancy Configuration Industrial ETHERNET Switch RS20 RSB20...

Страница 2: ...features described here are binding only if they have been expressly agreed when the contract was made This document was produced by Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH according to the best of the...

Страница 3: ...The Spanning Tree Protocol 41 4 1 1 The tasks of the STP 41 4 1 2 Bridge parameters 42 4 1 3 Bridge Identifier 42 4 1 4 Root Path Cost 43 4 1 5 Port Identifier 45 4 2 Rules for Creating the Tree Stru...

Страница 4: ...ncy Release 6 0 07 2010 4 6 5 Configuring the Rapid Spanning Tree 58 4 7 Combining RSTP and MRP 68 4 7 1 Application example for the combination of RSTP and MRP 70 A Readers Comments 73 B Index 75 C F...

Страница 5: ...e other information that you need to install the device The Web based Interface reference manual contains detailed information on using the Web interface to operate the individual functions of the dev...

Страница 6: ...dicates a cross reference with a stored link Note A note emphasizes an important fact or draws your attention to a dependency Courier ASCII representation in user interface Execution in the Web based...

Страница 7: ...Key Redundancy L2B Release 6 0 07 2010 7 Bridge Hub A random computer Configuration Computer Server PLC Programmable logic controller I O Robot...

Страница 8: ...Key 8 Redundancy Release 6 0 07 2010...

Страница 9: ...Introduction Redundancy L2B Release 6 0 07 2010 9 1 Introduction The device contains a range of redundancy functions X HIPER Ring X MRP Ring...

Страница 10: ...u require Depending on the network topology selected you then choose from the redundancy protocols that can be used with this network topology The following topologies are possible Network topology Po...

Страница 11: ...vily on the number of devices Note Up to 79 devices possible depending on topology and configuration If the default values factory settings are used up to 39 devices are possible depending on the topo...

Страница 12: ...Introduction 12 1 2 Overview of Redundancy Protocols Redundancy Release 6 0 07 2010...

Страница 13: ...lp of the RM Ring Manager function the two ends of a backbone in a line structure can be closed to a redundant ring The ring manager keeps the redundant line open as long as the line structure is inta...

Страница 14: ...00 ms Devices with HIPER Ring function capability X Within a HIPER Ring you can use any combination of the following devices RS1 RS2 RS2 16M RS2 4R RS20 RS30 RS40 RSR20 RSR30 OCTOPUS MICE MS20 MS30 Po...

Страница 15: ...ger main line redundant line The following example configuration describes the configuration of the ring manager device 1 The two other devices 2 to 3 are configured in the same way but without activa...

Страница 16: ...ndancy Release 6 0 07 2010 Note Configure all the devices of the HIPER Ring individually Before you connect the redundant line you must complete the configuration of all the devices of the HIPER Ring...

Страница 17: ...and mode If the HIPER Ring function is switched off the ports which are changed back into normal ports keep the ring port settings Independently of the DIP switch setting you can still change the port...

Страница 18: ...f or it has no link Figure 4 Ring Redundancy dialog Activate the ring manager for this device Do not activate the ring manager for any other device in the HIPER Ring In the Ring Recovery frame select...

Страница 19: ...orts enable Switch to the Privileged EXEC mode configure Switch to the Configuration mode hiper ring mode ring manager Select the HIPER Ring ring redundancy and define the device as ring manager Switc...

Страница 20: ...aggregation entry for the module and the port The displays in the Information frame mean Redundancy existing One of the lines affected by the function may be interrupted with the redundant line then t...

Страница 21: ...ol However all devices support MRP as the ring redundancy protocol so you decide to deploy MRP You use ports 1 1 and 2 2 of the devices to connect the lines Figure 5 Example of MRP Ring RM Ring Manage...

Страница 22: ...iguration of all the devices of the MRP Ring You thus avoid loops during the configuration phase Set up the network to meet your demands You configure all 6 ports so that the transmission speed and th...

Страница 23: ...ect 200 ms Note If selecting 200 ms for the ring recovery does not provide the ring stability necessary to meet the requirements of your network you select 500 ms Note Settings in the Ring Recovery fr...

Страница 24: ...5 255 for the MRP domain ID This default domain is also used internally for a configuration via the Web based interface Configure all the devices within an MRP Ring with the same MRP domain ID The dis...

Страница 25: ...t to 200ms mrp current domain advanced mode enable Activate the MRP Advanced Mode Advanced Mode react on link change set to Enabled mrp current domain operation enable Activate the MRP Ring Operation...

Страница 26: ...Ring Redundancy 26 2 2 Example of an MRP Ring Redundancy Release 6 0 07 2010...

Страница 27: ...e allows you to set up multiple rings with different redundancy protocols X You have the option of nesting MRP Rings A coupled ring is known as a Sub Ring see on page 28 Sub Ring X You have the option...

Страница 28: ...Beispiel f r Sub Ring Struktur 1 blauer Ring Basis Ring 2 orangefarbener Ring Sub Ring SRM Sub Ring Manager RM Ring Manager Note The following devices support the Sub Ring Manager function The SRM ca...

Страница 29: ...the coupling process you include the new network segment in the redundancy concept X You can easily integrate new company areas into existing networks X You easily map the organizational structure of...

Страница 30: ...n the device type you can configure additional instances Figure 10 Special case a Sub Ring Manager manages both ends of a Sub Ring at different ports Single Sub Ring Manger Note Connect Sub Rings only...

Страница 31: ...Sub Ring Managers primary ring ports in a separate VLAN This reduces the configuration effort when coupling multiple Sub Rings to a primary ring 3 1 1 Example configuration The following section shows...

Страница 32: ...ble Other settings Define different VLAN membership for the primary ring and the Sub Ring even if the primary ring uses the MRP protocol e g VLAN ID 1 for the primary ring and VLAN ID 2 for the Sub Ri...

Страница 33: ...ht ist ung ltig If you need to adjust the MRP domain ID open the Command Line Interface CLI and proceed as follows Sub Ring configuration Proceed as follows to configure the 2 Sub Ring Managers in the...

Страница 34: ...ue 1 as the ring ID of this Sub Ring In the Module Port field enter the ID of the port in the form X X that connects the device to the Sub Ring in the example 1 9 For the connection port you can use a...

Страница 35: ...manager of the redundant line with redundant manager in accordance with the overview drawing for this example Leave the fields VLAN ID default 0 and MRP Domain default 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255...

Страница 36: ...mode manager you configure SRM 2 as redundant manager Otherwise the assignment is performed automatically via the higher MAC address see above Switch the two Sub Ring Managers on under Function on of...

Страница 37: ...w sub ring Displays the state for all Sub Rings on this device Ring ID 1 Mode of Switch administrative setting manager Mode of Switch real operating state manager Port Number 1 9 State Forwarding Prot...

Страница 38: ...Multiple Rings 38 3 1 Sub Ring Redundancy Release 6 0 07 2010...

Страница 39: ...ual connections as needed RSTP is a further development of the Spanning Tree Protocol STP and is compatible with it If a connection or a bridge fails the STP required a maximum of 30 seconds to reconf...

Страница 40: ...ing an MST region to itself but rather the CST Common Spanning Tree Note By changing the IEEE 802 1D 2004 standard for RSTP the Standards Commission reduced the maximum value for the Hello Time from 1...

Страница 41: ...ously deactivated path again This allows redundant links to increase the availabiliy of communication STP determines a so called root bridge when building the tree structure It will become the STP tre...

Страница 42: ...lue bytes are the priority The default setting for the priority number is 32 768 but the Management Administrator can change this when configuring the network The 6 lowest value bytes of the bridge id...

Страница 43: ...ator can set the path cost Like the Switch the Administrator assigns a higher path cost to paths with lower transmission speeds However since the Administrator can choose this value freely he has a to...

Страница 44: ...onjunction with bridges that support 32 bit values for the path costs 20 000 000 200 000 000 1 200 000 000 1 MBit s 20 000 000a 2 000 000 200 000 000 1 200 000 000 10 MBit s 2 000 000a 200 000 20 000...

Страница 45: ...nificant byte contains the physical port number This provides a unique identifier for each port of the bridge The second part is the port priority which can be set by the Administrator default value 1...

Страница 46: ...idge identifier X root path cost and X port identifier see IEEE 802 1D 4 2 2 Setting up the tree structure X The bridge with the smallest number for the bridge identifier is called the root bridge It...

Страница 47: ...n see fig 16 This decides which port is selected Figure 17 Flow diagram for specifying the root path Equal path costs Determine root path no yes Equal priority in bridge identification Equal port prio...

Страница 48: ...n this case bridge 1 In the example all the sub paths have the same path costs The path between bridge 2 and bridge 3 isblocked because a connection from bridge 3 to the root bridge via bridge 2 has a...

Страница 49: ...Example of root path determination Root path Port 2 Interrupted path P BID Priority of the bridge identifikation BID BID without MAC Address Bridge 1 P BID 16384 Bridge 2 P BID 20480 Bridge 3 P BID 24...

Страница 50: ...root bridge via bridge 2 has a higher path cost The path from bridge 6 to the root bridge is interesting X The path via bridge 5 and bridge 3 creates the same root path costs as the path via bridge 4...

Страница 51: ...Example of root path manipulation Port 2 Bridge 1 P BID 16384 Bridge 2 P BID 32768 Bridge 3 P BID 32768 Bridge 5 P BID 32768 Bridge 6 P BID 32768 Bridge 7 P BID 32768 P BID 32768 Bridge 4 Port 1 Port...

Страница 52: ...er bridges are adding up If the Management Administrator makes bridge 2 the root bridge the burden of the control packets on the subnetworks is distributed much more evenly The result is the configura...

Страница 53: ...packets with the lowest path costs from the root bridge If there is more than 1 port with the same low path costs the bridge identifier determines which port is the root port If there is more than 1...

Страница 54: ...panning Tree Bridge Protocol Data Units X Alternate port This is a blocked port that takes over the task of the bridge port if the connection to the root bridge is lost The alternate port provides a b...

Страница 55: ...tate of the selected connection paths the RSTP assigns the ports their states P BID Priority of the bridge identifikation BID BID without MAC Address Root path Interrupted path Root port Designated po...

Страница 56: ...following information X Bridge identifier of the root bridge X Root path costs for the sending bridge X Bridge identifier for the sending bridge X Port identifiers of the port through which the messa...

Страница 57: ...port Thus no waiting times occur at this port in the case of a reconfiguration X Introduction of alternate ports As the port roles are already determined in normal operation a bridge can immediately...

Страница 58: ...panning Tree Protocol or select one of the other faster redundancy procedures described in this manual 4 6 5 Configuring the Rapid Spanning Tree Set up the network to meet your demands Note Before you...

Страница 59: ...Spanning Tree Redundancy L2B Release 6 0 07 2010 4 6 The Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol 59 Switch on RSTP on each device Figure 22 Operation on off...

Страница 60: ...tion frame Root ID Displays the root bridge s bridge identifier Root Port Displays the port leading to the root bridge Root Cost Displays the root cost to the root bridge in the Protocol Configuration...

Страница 61: ...2010 4 6 The Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol 61 Figure 23 Assigning Hello Time Forward Delay and Max Age The times entered in the RSTP dialog are in units of 1 s Example a Hello Time of 2 corresponds to...

Страница 62: ...uses disabled discarding learning forwarding Since the introduction of RSTP this parameter only has a subordinate role because the RSTP bridges negotiate the status change without any specified delay...

Страница 63: ...The parameters Forward Delay and Max Age have a relationship to each other Forward Delay Max Age 2 1 If you enter values that contradict this relationship the device then replaces these values with a...

Страница 64: ...ee Protocol Redundancy Release 6 0 07 2010 Figure 25 Configuring RSTP per port Note Deactivate the Spanning Tree Protocol on the ports connected to a redundant ring because Spanning Tree and Ring Redu...

Страница 65: ...alog for Spanning Tree Otherwise the redundancy can fail or loops can result On Off On Port status read only Displays the STP port status with regard to the global MSTI IST discarding learning forward...

Страница 66: ...s setting applies to all MSTIs active box selected inactive box empty inactive Oper Edge Port read only The Oper Edge Port condition is true if no STP BPDUs have been received i e a terminal device is...

Страница 67: ...e bridge ID from which this port last received an STP BPDU In the stable condition no topology change this is usually the designated bridge ID as only its port has the role designated and thus sends B...

Страница 68: ...TP diameter see fig 24 depends on the Max Age It applies to the devices outside the MRP Ring Note The combination of RSTP and MRP presumes that both the root bridge and the backup root bridge are loca...

Страница 69: ...RSTP root bridge and the RSTP backup root bridge in the MRP Ring Set the priority If you exceed the RSTP diameter specified by the default value of Max Age 20 modify Max Age and Forward Delay accordin...

Страница 70: ...connected Parameter S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 MRP settings Ring redundancy MRP version MRP MRP MRP MRP Ring port 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Ring port 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 Port from MRP Ring to the RSTP net 1 3 1 3 Redun...

Страница 71: ...Configuration mode interface 1 1 Switch to the Interface Configuration mode of interface 1 1 spanning tree port mode Activate RSTP on the port exit Switch to the Configuration mode interface 1 2 Swit...

Страница 72: ...ibility mode Configure the other switches S2 though S6 with their respective values see table 10 Connect the redundant RSTP connection spanning tree mst priority 0 4096 Set the RSTP priority for the M...

Страница 73: ...that will ensure trouble free operation Your comments and suggestions help us to further improve the quality of our documentation Your assessment of this manual Did you discover any errors in this man...

Страница 74: ...formation General comments Sender Dear User Please fill out and return this page X as a fax to the number 49 0 7127 14 1600 or X by mail to Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH Department AED Stuttg...

Страница 75: ...port 54 54 54 F FAQ 77 Forward Delay 62 H Hello Time 62 HIPER Ring 5 9 HiVision 5 M Max Age 62 MRP 5 N Network Management Software 5 R Redundancy 5 Redundancy existing 20 24 Redundancy functions 9 Re...

Страница 76: ...Index 76 4 7 Combining RSTP and MRP Redundancy Release 6 0 07 2010...

Страница 77: ...Competence Center In the long term excellent products alone do not guarantee a successful customer relationship Only comprehensive service makes a difference worldwide In the current global competiti...

Страница 78: ......

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