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10. TOOL ASSEMBLY
Tools shall be manufactured in conformity with the European Standard pr EN 847-1.
On tools to be used on machines with integrated feeding must be marked permanently and clearly with:
- the manufacturer’s name or the trade-mark;
- outside diameter x cutting length x hole diameter;
- allowed speed area;
- MEC;
- year of manufacturing (it can be a code).
- Make sure that the tool in use is chosen, sharpened, maintained and adjusted in conformity with the directions of
the tool manufacturer.
- Tools have to be sharpened and properly assembled with tools and supports carefully balanced.
- Take the necessary precautions while handling the tools; use gauntlets as often as you can.
- The tools made of only one material must not have any flaw.
- The tools and their components have to be fastened so that they do not loosen while operating.
- Screws and locking nuts have to be tightened to the couple prescribed by the manufacturer through appropriate
tools.
- Implement extensions and hammer clamping are not allowed.
- The clamping surfaces have to be free from dirt, grease, oil and water.
- The use of detachable rings or tool bushes is allowed only if they are supplied by the manufacturer.
- Remove resin from light metal alloy tools only with solvents not etching aluminium.
- Precaution is needed while repairing tools for wood machining.
- The design of complex tools (with built-up cutting edges) has not to be altered during repair.
- Compound tools have to be repaired only by skilled and trained technicians who must know the design features
as well as the safety level to be reached.
- Tool repair will include the utilization of spare parts according to the specifications of the original parts supplied
by the manufacturer.
- For one-piece tools, take the necessary precautions so that the regrinding of the cutting edge does not weaken
the body of the tool and the edges connection on the body.
For assembly proceed as follows:
- Position the starting switches on "0".
- Position the main switch on “0” and lock it.
- Assemble tool (Fig. 6-7)(3) on shaft (1), using spacer rings (2) if necessary.
- Screw snap ring (4) and fasten with double head spanner (5/6) holding part (6) and turning part (5) clockwise.
- To assemble shaving milling cutter (Fig. 7)(7) on the preplaner shaft follow the above-mentioned instructions, not
forgetting to offset the cutting edges of the milling cutter with those of the tool.
- Replace all guards of the chip suction hoods.
- Make sure that the tool is properly assembled with regard to the shaft direction of rotation.
To change cutters, loosen locking screws of wedge (Fig. 6)(1), so that springs push the cutter upwards; then
remove the cutter in axial direction.
After setting up the new cutter, install the tool on the adjusting device. To guarantee a perfect parallelism to the table,
it is sufficient to put the cutter on the adjuster reference line (Fig. 6A)(1) and proceed as follows:
- screw clamp screws (Fig. 6)(2) first moderately, then with greater strength, starting from the central screws, then
alternatively from one end to another; do not use extensions or hammers; use wrench only. Repeat until you have
changed all cutters. Once cutters have been replaced or sharpened, check that the thickness corresponds to the
value of the indicator.
Interchangeable TERSA knives slide on one side inside a longitudinal groove, parallely to a wedge that, pushed by
the centrifugal force, guarantees a uniform and steady locking along all the head length. Adjustment is automatic by
means of the perfect adjusting of the reverse profiles of the groove and the cutter.
Tools must be changed as follows:
- unlock the tool stopping device giving a light blow to the self-locking bolt (Fig. 6B)(1);
- remove the reversible tool and introduce a new reversing section, or change tool (2).
Then start up the machine. Thanks to the centrifugal force, tools automatically lock.
Cutter position adjustment procedure with respect to tables
Cutter adjustment to vertical reference fence and horizontal table should be made by taking the right-hand vertical
shaft as an example.
Apply the tool gauge to the side of the vertical reference fence, then adjust cutters until one of the edges touches the
gauge itself. While adjusting, manually turn the cutter opposite to the cutting direction, up to a point when friction
between the edge and the gauge can be barely perceived but not heard: this indicates proper adjustment of the
cutter. Once this is done, move on to set the digital indicator. (Fig. 6)
