APPENDIX A: APPLICATION NOTES
PULSE OUTPUT APPLICATION
PQM POWER QUALITY METER – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
A–13
A.5 Pulse Output Application
Up to 4 SPDT Form C output relays are configurable as Pulse Initiators based on energy
quantities calculated by the PQM. Variables to consider when using the PQM as a Pulse
Initiator are:
•
PQM Pulse Output Parameter
•
PQM Pulse Output Interval
•
PQM Pulse Output Width
•
PQM Output Relay Operation
•
Pulse Acceptance Capability of the end receiver
•
Type of Pulse Receiver
•
Maximum Energy Consumed over a defined interval
1.
PQM Pulse Output Parameter
: The PQM activates the assigned output relay based
upon the energy quantity used as the base unit for pulse initiation. These energy
quantities include ±kWhr, ±kVARh, and kVAh.
2.
PQM Pulse Output Interval
: The PQM activates the assigned output relay at the accu-
mulation of each Pulse Output Interval as defined by the user. This interval is based
upon system parameters such that the PQM pulse output activates at a rate not
exceeding the Pulse Acceptance Capability of the end receiver.
3.
PQM Pulse Output Width
: This user defined parameter defines the duration of the
pulse initiated by the PQM when a quantity of energy equal to the Pulse Output Inter-
val has accumulated. It is based upon system parameters such that the PQM pulse
output will activate for a duration that is within the operating parameters of the end
receiver.
4.
PQM Output Relay Operation
: This user defined parameter defines the normal state
of the PQM output relay contacts, i.e. Fail-safe or Non-Failsafe.
5.
Pulse Acceptance Capability of the end Receiver
: This parameter is normally
expressed as any one of the following: (a) Pulses per Demand Interval; (b) Pulses per
second, minute or hour; (c) Minimum time between successive closures of the con-
tacts.
6.
Type of Pulse Receiver
: There are 4 basic types of Pulse receivers: a) Three-wire, every
pulse counting; b) Three-wire, every other pulse counting; c) Two-wire, Form A nor-
mally open, counts only each contact closure; d) Two-wire, counts every state change,
i.e. recognizes both contact closure and contact opening.
7.
Maximum Energy Consumed over a defined interval
: This is based upon system
parameters and defines the maximum amount of energy that may be accumulated
over a specific time.
Application of the PQM Pulse Output Relays to an End Receiver Using KYZ Terminals:
Typical end receivers require a contact closure between KY or KZ based upon the type of
receiver. The PQM Pulse Output feature can be used with either two- or three-wire
connections. The PQM activates the designated Output Relay at each accumulation of the
defined Pulse Output Interval for the defined Pulse Output Width. Therefore, each PQM
contact operation represents one interval. For end receivers that count each closure and
opening of the output contacts, the PQM Pulse Output Interval should be adjusted to
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