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2 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE BOILER
2.1 Water wall of KW, KWR, KWRU boilers
The heat exchanger in heating boilers is made
of furnace sheet metal with
a thickness of 5÷ 8mm. Depending on the power output of the boiler
(5mm
for 37kW, 6mm for 60kW, 7mm - 75kW, 8mm - 100kW). From the outside the
water wall uses sheet metal that is 4mm thick (5mm for boilers above 75kW).
KW boilers are equipped with a removable cast iron grate, whose elements
can be replaced when they become deformed.
KWR boilers are equipped with a fixed water-cooled grate, which enables
them to transfer heat from the fuel burned more efficiently. Exhaust gases flow
from the firebox to the exhaust channels, pass alongside the vertical water heat
exchanger tubes and dissipate heat through the steel walls and into the water.
In boilers with bottom combustion (labeled "d'') a cast iron plate is installed,
which stops the flow of exhaust gases from the combustion chamber to the flue.
Exhaust gases then flow behind the firebox water heat exchanger (extended
exhaust) and the fuel on the grate burns gradually, allowing stable control over
the boiler's power output.
KWRUZ boilers are equipped with a fixed water-cooled grate, which enables
them to take heat from the fuel burning on the hearth more efficiently. Exhaust
gases flow from the firebox to the exhaust channels behind the chamber, pass
the vertical water heat exchanger and dissipate heat through the steel walls and
into the water. With these boilers it is possible to achieve combustion from the
bottom by ignition from the top through the fuel loading hatch. The air from the
fan passes over the cold fuel and only the upper part of it burns. The boiler's
power output is reduced by the area of the chamber walls occupied by the cold
fuel. Fuel burns gradually allowing for stable control over the power output of
the boiler. The boiler achieves maximum power output when fuel burns directly
on the grate. Before lighting, move the lever to lift the rear flap of the vertical
heat exchanger. When the chimney is warmed up (~ 1 minute), release the
lever.
The construction of the boiler allows for efficient heat exchange through
exhaust gas recirculation in the horizontal heat exchanger channels in KW and
KWR boilers, and vertical heat exchanger channels in KWRU boilers. The
reverse-convection channels can be cleaned through the front hatch of the
boiler or the top cleaning hatch in KWRU boilers. In the case of KWRUZ boilers,
cleaning of heat exchangers is done after the top cover of the boiler is removed.
Boilers can be equipped with:
- a thermostatic draught regulator for controlling the flow of air to the fuel,
depending on the temperature in the boiler
- a fan and LUXUS controller for monitoring the boiler's operation (fan operation
based on temperature) and circulation pumps installed in the heating system.
The LUKSUS controller is not equipped with a domestic hot water sensor and
domestic hot water (DHW) pump hose as standard.
The fan can be mounted on the side of the boiler or in the air intake flap on the
door of the ash pan.
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