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Engines and Clutches

EPA07 Aftertreatment System (ATS)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1

DD15 Heavy-Duty Engine

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3

Engine Starting—CAT, Cummins, DDE S60, M-B

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6

Starting After Extended Shutdown or Oil Change—CAT, Cummins, DDE S60, M-B

. . . . . . . . . . . . 7.10

Engine Break-In—CAT, Cummins, DDE S60, M-B

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.10

Engine Operation—CAT, Cummins, DDE S60, M-B

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.11

Cold-Weather Operation—CAT, Cummins, DDE S60, M-B

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.15

High-Altitude Operation—CAT, Cummins, DDE S60, M-B

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.18

Engine Shutdown—CAT, Cummins, DDE S60, M-B

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.18

Engine Braking System—CAT, Cummins, DDE S60, M-B

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.20

Exhaust Braking System—CAT, Cummins, DDE S60, M-B

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.22

Clutches

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Содержание CENTURY CLASS S

Страница 1: ...Driver s Manual CENTURY CLASS S T CORONADO STI 411 2 A24 01036 000 ...

Страница 2: ...f engine if an air bag is installed or if the vehicle features a collision avoidance system etc Customer Assistance Center Having trouble finding service Call the Customer Assistance Center at 1 800 385 4357 or 1 800 FTL HELP Call night or day weekdays or weekends for dealer referral vehicle information breakdown coor dination or Fleetpack assistance Our people are knowledgeable professional and c...

Страница 3: ...system or transmitted in any form by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior written per mission of Daimler Trucks North America LLC For additional information please contact Daimler Trucks North America LLC Service Systems and Documentation P O Box 3849 Portland OR 97208 3849 U S A or refer to www Daimler TrucksNorthAmerica com and www FreightlinerTru...

Страница 4: ...1 1 2 Instruments and Controls Identification 2 1 3 Vehicle Access 3 1 4 Heater and Air Conditioner 4 1 5 Seats and Seat Belts 5 1 6 Steering and Brake Systems 6 1 7 Engines and Clutches 7 1 8 Transmissions 8 1 9 Rear Axles 9 1 10 Fifth Wheels and Trailer Couplings 10 1 11 Pretrip and Post Trip Inspections and Maintenance 11 1 12 Cab Appearance 12 1 13 In an Emergency 13 1 Index I 1 ...

Страница 5: ...le Identification Vehicle Specification Decal 1 1 Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard FMVSS Labels 1 1 Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standard CMVSS Labels 1 1 Tire and Rim Labels 1 2 EPA Emission Control 1 2 ...

Страница 6: ...ed to the left rear door post If purchased for service in Canada trucks built with out a cargo body and tractors built without a fifth wheel are certified by a Statement of Compliance label similar to Fig 1 2 This label must be attached by the final stage manufacturer after completion of the vehicle The label is located on the left rear door f080021 11 21 96 USE VEHICLE ID NO WHEN ORDERING PARTS W...

Страница 7: ...lations 40 CFR Part 205 and label it for compliance EPA07 Exhaust Emissions Regulations To meet January 2007 emissions regulations en gines manufactured after January 1 2007 are equipped with an emission aftertreatment device There is a warning label on the driver s sunvisor ex plaining important new warning indicators in the driv er s message display that pertain to the aftertreat ment system See...

Страница 8: ...a Parked Regeneration or Service Solid Flashing Flashing CHECK CHECK Flashing INDICATOR LAMP S Indicator Lamp Message s Diesel Particulate Filter Condition Required Action capacity STOP See Engine Operator s Manual for complete Regeneration Instructions allow for an Automatic Regeneration or perform a Parked Regeneration to highway speeds to allow for an Automatic Regeneration or perform a Parked ...

Страница 9: ...ning and Indicator Lights 2 2 Driver Message Center 2 5 Instruments 2 14 Controls 2 18 Roll Stability Advisor and Control System 2 26 Voltage and Fuel Efficiency Controls 2 28 Meritor WABCO Antilock Braking System 2 30 VORAD VS 400 System 2 32 Lane Departure Warning Controls 2 38 ...

Страница 10: ...sequence When the ignition is turned on the following actions should occur electronic gauges complete a full sweep of their dials some warning and indicator lamps illuminate then are extinguished 0 160 100 60 PSI AIR S 0 160 100 60 PSI AIR P 110 350 270 190 F TRANS 100 250 200 150 F WATER E F 1 2 FUEL 100 300 200 AXLE F 100 300 200 AXLE F 8 16 12 VOLTS 0 80 40 TURBO PSI 30 150 90 PYRO 100 300 200 ...

Страница 11: ... pressure falls below approximately 70 psi 483 kPa Parking brake is set with the vehicle moving faster than two miles per hour System voltage falls below 12 volts Door is open or the headlights are on with the parking brake off Warning and Indicator Lights The ICU lightbar has three or four rows of warning and indicator lights with icon symbols depending on the ICU The positions of the lights may ...

Страница 12: ...off and the driver seat belt is not fastened on some vehicles On other vehicles this lamp illuminates for 15 seconds when the ignition is first turned on CHECK CHECK Engine Indicates an engine condition low oil pressure low coolant level high coolant temperature high DPF soot level or uncontrolled DPF regeneration that requires correction Correct the condition as soon as possible If the condition ...

Страница 13: ...es service Check Transmission Indicates an undesirable transmission condition Transmission Overheat Indicates high transmission temperature WHEEL SPIN Wheel Spin Flashing indicates the ATC system is active or the ATC button has been pressed to allow wheel slip Solid illumination indicates a problem with the ATC system Repair the ATC system immediately to ensure full braking capability Engine Brake...

Страница 14: ...ge Center The dash message centers for the following instru ment clusters are described below ICU4M ICU2M A keypad located on the auxiliary dash panel controls the driver message center See Fig 2 4 ICU4M Functions Main features of the ICU4M include Gauges that sweep 270 degrees and have pointers lit by an LED f080156 EXHAUST AFTERTREATMENT SYSTEM INFORMATION Switch Level 1 Level 3 Level 2 Level 4 ...

Страница 15: ...ng faster than 2 mph 3 km h The screen and audible warning go away only when the parking brake is released or speed is reduced below 2 mph Low Oil Pressure This warning message and an audible warning come on whenever the oil pressure falls below the mini mum oil pressure whether the vehicle is idling or in motion Tap any key to dismiss the message If the fault is still active 30 seconds after the ...

Страница 16: ...ns The following screens are available when the parking brake is on when the vehicle is stationary i Odometer ii Trip information including trip miles hours idle hours average speed leg miles hours iii Fuel information including fuel used fuel economy idle PTO fuel usage iv Engine information including engine miles hours engine PTO gallons oil level v Diagnostic information vi Service information ...

Страница 17: ...ce through the screens Press and hold the SET RESET key to reset any of the screens IDLE GALLONS 12 3 PTO GAL 12345 6 AMT FUEL USED 12345 6 AVG MPG 12 34 AMT R R FUEL INFORMATION AMT f040700 Go to Engine Information Screens 12 17 2004 Return to Idle Hours From Trip Information Screen Fig 2 6 ICU4M Fuel Information Screens ENG GALLONS 123456 7 PTO GAL 12345 6 AMT ENG MILES 123456 7 ENG HOUR1234 78A...

Страница 18: ... C LCD Lamp ON OFF D Driver message center brightness E Language English French Spanish F Units of measurement English Metric G Driver select ON OFF H Reset parameters to original settings Vehicle Information Screens The vehicle information screens display hardware and software information including the Freightliner part number and switch ID of the ICU See Fig 2 12 ICU2M A keypad located on the au...

Страница 19: ...4 HOURS TO NEXT SERVICE AMT SERVICE WAS DUE 1234 HOURS AGO AMT R OR R f040703 Go to Setup Information Screens Go to Set up Information Screens Return to Idle Hours From Diagnostic Information Screen 12 17 2004 NOTE Service information screens only appear if the service interval is set to MILES or HOURS in Setup Information Fig 2 9 ICU4M Service Information Screens SETUP INFORMATION AMT PUSH SET KE...

Страница 20: ...ressure whether the vehicle is idling or in motion See Fig 2 13 To dismiss the message press any button on the keypad If low oil pressure is detected during the ignition se quence it displays as an active fault and the alert screen does not appear After 30 seconds this mes sage displays again Low Coolant Level This warning message and audible warning activate whenever the coolant level falls below...

Страница 21: ...air conditioner Low Fuel Level The ICU continuously monitors fuel level When the fuel level drops to 1 8th full the word Warning flashes on the message display screen above the low fuel alert Turn Signal On This message the audible warning is optional ap pears whenever the turn signal remains on beyond a preset time or distance traveled To dismiss this message either turn off the turn sig nal or p...

Страница 22: ...ry screen navigation i Trip Information miles hours ii Fuel information fuel used average MPG iii Engine information engine miles and hours en gine gallons and PTO gallons iv Diagnostic information active faults historical dash faults v Setup Information target MPG brightness lan guage units of measurement vi Vehicle information datalink activity status ICU part number software ID number ENG GALLO...

Страница 23: ... cleaner element needs to be replaced Air Intake Maximum Restriction Values inH 2O Engine Make Pre EPA07 Engines EPA07 Engines Caterpillar 25 Cummins 25 25 Detroit 20 22 Mercedes Benz 22 22 Table 2 2 Air Intake Maximum Restriction Values Vehicles may be equipped with a go no go restriction indicator without graduations see Fig 2 18 instead of a graduated indicator If air restriction exceeds the ma...

Страница 24: ...AVERAGE MPG 12 34 FUEL INFORMATION ENG MILES 1234567 8 ENG HOURS 123456 78 ENGINE INFORMATION IDLE HOURS 1234 56 12 3 GAL 1234567 MI IGNITION ON ONLY FASTEN SEATBELTS 1234567 MILES f040324a 01 28 98 TRIP INFORMATION IDLING ENG GALLONS 123456 7 PTO GALLONS 123456 7 See applicable figure R RESET PUSH RESET SET KEY TWICE SET PUSH RESET SET KEY ONCE S R R R R R Fig 2 16 ICU2M Trip Information Fuel Inf...

Страница 25: ...e listed in Table 2 3 on EPA07 engines the CHECK engine lamp will illuminate If the condi tion does not improve the STOP engine lamp will also illuminate and an audible warning will sound The engine will then derate or shut down depending on the type of engine protection system installed Drive Axle Oil Temperature Gauges NOTICE A sudden increase in oil temperature that is not caused by a load incr...

Страница 26: ...nd Secondary Air Pressure Gauges WARNING If air pressure falls below minimum pressure the braking ability of the vehicle will be limited Slow the vehicle down and bring it to a gradual stop Do not attempt to move the vehicle until air pres sure has risen above the minimum level Moving a vehicle without adequate braking power could cause an accident resulting in personal injury or death Air pressur...

Страница 27: ...ing The voltage of a fully charged battery is 12 7 to 12 8 volts when the engine is off Battery voltage under 12 0 volts is considered a low battery and a completely dis charged battery will produce only about 11 0 volts If the voltmeter shows an undercharged or over charged condition for an extended period have the charging system and batteries checked at an autho rized Freightliner service facil...

Страница 28: ...d release the trailer spring parking brakes Pull the trailer air supply valve out before disconnecting a trailer or when operating a vehicle without a trailer Trailer Brake Lever The trailer brake lever is used to apply the trailer ser vice brakes without applying the truck or tractor ser vice brakes It is usually mounted on the right hand control panel See Fig 2 21 The valve can be par tially or ...

Страница 29: ...old the accelerator pedal down until the speed ometer reaches the desired speed 3 Press the lower half of the Set Resume Accelerate Decelerate switch momentarily to set the cruise speed with the vehicle moving at the desired speed To decrease cruise speed press and hold the lower half of the Set Resume Accelerate Decelerate switch to decelerate slowly Release the switch when the desired speed is a...

Страница 30: ... equipped the bunk door s In the OFF position the ignition switch is vertical The key can be inserted and removed only in the OFF position The following functions are operable when the igni tion switch is in the OFF position regardless of whether the key is inserted low beam headlights taillights brake lights road lights dome lights clearance lights hazard warning lights turn signals utility light...

Страница 31: ...e switch to briefly deactivate the DRL Fog Lights Fog lights are designed to reduce glare in foggy con ditions The low beam headlights must be on in order to turn the fog lights on Press the upper half of the switch to activate the fog lights See Fig 2 26 Hazard Warning Lights The hazard warning light switch tab is located below the turn signal lever Pull the tab out to activate the hazard warning...

Страница 32: ...ight flashes on the instrument cluster Utility Lights Utility lights can be swivel mounted on top of the cab mounted on the intake exhaust support or flush mounted in the back of the cab or sleeper Press the upper half of the switch to activate the utility lights See Fig 2 26 Press the lower half of the switch to turn the utility lights off When activated a red indica tor light in the switch is il...

Страница 33: ... rear wall fluorescent light press the dome light switch on either the lower or upper bunk control panels Sleeper Dome Light A sleeper dome light is located on the roof between the bunk and the cab on sleeper vehicles The rear cab dome light will activate with the dome lights when a door is opened then stay on for a short time after both doors are closed Use the dash mounted switch or the switch i...

Страница 34: ...le loads to comply with state or provincial laws For detailed operating instructions for fifth wheel slide refer to Chapter 10 A red indicator light illumi nates whenever the fifth wheel slide is unlocked Trailer Auxiliary Switch Some trailers with pneumatic brakes are equipped with power for the trailer lights The connection is passed from the vehicle to the trailer via the primary receptacle con...

Страница 35: ...ability Control WARNING The Roll Stability Control system is intended only as an aid for a conscientious and alert driver Carefully read the information in this manual to understand this system and its limitations The Roll Stability Control system is not a substitute for safe driving procedures Failure to drive safely and use the system properly could result in personal injury and or death and pro...

Страница 36: ...RSA Level 1 7 HBED Level 3 5 HBED Level 2 1 HBED Level 1 8 Table 2 5 RSA HBED Count If the count reaches more than 9 occurrences an up arrow symbol will appear to indicate to the driver that the count has exceeded 9 counts See Fig 2 32 Message to Display 4 1 Message MSG No System Fault 1 WARNING RAC SYSTEM FAIL ACTIVE SLOWING ROLLOVER RISK 4 None RSC 2 VERY HIGH RISK OF ROLLOVER DETECTED REDUCE SP...

Страница 37: ... vehicle The LVD system turns off cab and sleeper accessories when voltage drops to 12 3 volts An alarm sounds for one minute before accessories are turned off If no action is taken within that minute the LVD module will shut off power to predetermined cab and sleeper circuits and illuminate an LED indicator on the LVD module located inside the right hand door frame behind the seat These circuits ...

Страница 38: ...timized Idle the following func tions will not operate with the key in accessory mode Optimized Idle may also turn these functions off to reduce stress on the batteries Cab climate control fan Sleeper climate control fan Mirror heat Fuel water separator heat Seat heat Advertising light Auxiliary circulation fan windshield Air dryer 1 To activate Optimized Idle engine mode 1 1 Set the parking brake...

Страница 39: ... or 10 F 6 C 3 To deactivate thermostat mode and return to just engine mode press and hold the MODE button for three seconds 4 To shut down Optimized Idle completely either turn off the ignition or use the drive away feature The drive away feature allows the use of all the engine features Use the drive away feature as follows 4 1 If the engine is running Release the park ing brakes or put the tran...

Страница 40: ...ted to the tractor When the ignition key is turned to the ON posi tion the trailer ABS warning indicator will illu minate momentarily then turn off If the lamp illuminates momentarily during ve hicle operation then shuts off a fault was de tected and corrected If the lamp illuminates and stays on during ve hicle operation there is a fault with the trailer ABS Repair the trailer ABS system immedi a...

Страница 41: ...CWS tracks objects ahead of the vehicle warning the driver with visual and audible indicators whenever following distances become unsafe SmartCruise adjusts the vehicle s cruise speed in order to match the speed of traffic ahead allowing the driver to maintain a safe following distance while cruise control is engaged The optional side object detection system warns of unsafe lane changes by detecti...

Страница 42: ...nd warnings Scroll through the demo screens by pressing the down arrow Pressing any other key exits Demo mode Volume The minimum adjustable volume is 50 of the maxi mum volume If the DIU volume is not adjustable the display screen shows a grayed bar graph whenever volume adjustment is selected After each ignition switch cycle the volume will default back to 100 NOTE Headway and collision alert ton...

Страница 43: ...ng normally If a system is not operating normally the system displays Failed beside the system name Failed indicates that a fault is preventing the system from operating and it cannot be used until the fault is corrected or acknowledged Depending on the VS 400 system installed one of the screens shown in Fig 2 41 will appear unless a system fault is active Press OK to exit the system status menu D...

Страница 44: ...lowing distance the DIU will display OBJECT DE TECTED See Fig 2 44 3 Second Headway Alert When a vehicle is detected to be within a 3 second following distance a single yellow indicator will illumi nate and the DIU will display 3 seconds See Fig 2 45 2 Second Headway Alert When the following distance to the object ahead in the same lane of travel decreases to within two sec onds a second yellow in...

Страница 45: ... override the SmartCruise and will cause the vehicle to accelerate Depressing the brake or clutch pedals will deactivate SmartCruise When approaching a slow moving or stopped vehicle ahead SmartCruise will attempt to maintain the mini mum following distance by reducing the engine cruise speed and engaging the engine brake if nec essary If SmartCruise is unable to maintain the mini mum following di...

Страница 46: ... of entrance into the lane in front of your vehicle A continuous fixed object on the right side of the vehicle such as a guard rail wall tunnel or bridge may cause the side sensor alert light to stay on WARNING Heavy rain or water spray at the side sensor may cause both the yellow and red lights on the side sensor display to illuminate at the same time Under these conditions the system is temporar...

Страница 47: ...g procedures Failure to drive safely and use the system prop erly could result in personal injury and or death and severe property damage The lane departure warning system powers up each time the ignition is turned to ON The system con ducts a self test and initiates test tones from the left speaker and then the right speaker Once the vehicle is started and the system is ready the LED in the switc...

Страница 48: ...er Compartment Vents 3 4 Circuit Breaker Relay Panel 3 4 Cab to Sleeper Access 3 4 Sleeper Bunk Latches 3 4 Sleeper Door 3 5 Baggage Compartment Doors 3 5 Back of Cab Grab Handles Steps and Deck Plate 3 5 Battery Box Cover 3 6 Hood Tilting 3 6 Keyless Security System Optional 3 7 Cab Amenities 3 10 Windshield Washer Reservoir 3 11 ...

Страница 49: ...r from inside the cab push down the lock button Fig 3 2 then close the door if it is open Pull the integral grab bar Fig 3 2 when clos ing the door To open the door from the inside pull the door handle toward you Fig 3 2 This will unlatch the door whether or not it is locked To unlock the door without unlatching it pull the lock button up Grab Handles and Access Steps WARNING Wet or dirty shoe sol...

Страница 50: ...om the driver s side as follows IMPORTANT Do not attempt to exit the cab while carrying any items in your hands 1 Grasp the steering wheel with both hands place your left foot on the top step and stand on the threshold facing into the cab 2 Grasp the grab handle at the aft edge of the door opening with your right hand 3 Move your right foot to the bottom step 4 Move your left hand to the grab hand...

Страница 51: ...t foot first Entering the Driver s Side for Right Hand Drive Vehicles When entering the cab from the driver s side use the grab handle and access steps as follows 1 Open the driver s door and place anything that you are carrying in the cab 2 Grasp the grab handle with both hands Reach up as far as is comfortable 3 Place your left foot on the bottom step and pull yourself up 4 Place your right foot...

Страница 52: ...eeper compartment vent push the vent handle outward and forward with your fingertips To close the vent turn your hand so that your fingers are pulling on the handle from the front edge then pull in and back on the handle Use care to avoid pinching your fingers Circuit Breaker Relay Panel The circuit breaker relay panel is located in front of the passenger s seat under the top cover of the in strum...

Страница 53: ... to open the door To close the door push it closed until it latches To lock the door insert the ig nition key in the lockset and turn it one quarter turn counterclockwise Use the same procedure to open the baggage com partment door on the driver s side but turn the key counterclockwise to unlock the door and clockwise to lock it Back of Cab Grab Handles Steps and Deck Plate When trailer connection...

Страница 54: ...r position on the grab handle 4 Move one foot to the bottom step 5 Move your upper hand to a lower position on the grab handle 6 Step to the ground with your upper foot first Battery Box Cover To remove the cover from the frame rail mounted battery box release the latches that attach the left chassis fairing panel if equipped in front of the bat tery box Remove the air fairing panel See Group 60 o...

Страница 55: ... as a remote control for locking the doors unlocking the doors or placing the system on alert Each system allows as many as four different fobs See Fig 3 9 A red system status LED light emitting diode mounted on the overhead panel above the clock The LED flashes slow or fast to indicate what state the system is in armed alert alarmed or violated It is off when the system is disarmed See Fig 3 10 A...

Страница 56: ...wer to the engine The driver may be inside or outside the vehicle However if the engine is running at the time the LOCK button is pressed the system still enters the armed state except that the engine is not immobi lized This improves security for the occupant as well as comfort while sleeping or resting because the system is armed and the heating or air conditioning is operating without draining ...

Страница 57: ... learning cycle by turning off the LED for approximately 0 5 second and unlocking the doors To program a fob do the following steps 1 With the ignition keyswitch turned off turn the program switch ON flip the toggle DOWN See Fig 3 11 2 Now turn the ignition keyswitch on Note that the system LED illuminates continuously See Fig 3 10 This indicates that the ECM is ready to begin the learning sequenc...

Страница 58: ...wer dash panel The cup holder flips open for use and can be pivoted into the dash when not needed See Fig 3 14 The passenger s cup holder pivots out of the lower dash console See Fig 3 15 The passenger s cup holder can also be pivoted into the console when not in use Ash Tray and Cigar Lighter The driver s ash tray and cigar lighter assembly is on the left side of the top of the lower dash panel S...

Страница 59: ...unted nearest to the wind shield Each light is activated by pushing on the lens cover Also the center light a white light activates when the doors to the vehicle are opened Footwell Lights There are optional red lights mounted underneath the dash on the driver s and the passenger s sides of the vehicle These lights are activated by a rocker switch on the lower dash panel next to the climate contro...

Страница 60: ...1 2 3 f820190 01 15 97 1 Surge Tank 2 Washer Reservoir 3 Drain Fig 3 19 Windshield Washer Reservoir Vehicle Access 3 12 ...

Страница 61: ...4 Heater and Air Conditioner Blend Air Heater and Air Conditioner System 4 1 Water Valve Controlled Heater and Air Conditioner System 4 4 Parked HVAC 4 8 ...

Страница 62: ...disables the air conditioner and places the air source in the fresh air mode NOTE When the fan switch on the cab climate control panel is off and the sleeper air condi tioner is on the cab fan will operate at low speed even though the cab fan switch is in the off position This is necessary to protect the evaporator in the cab heater and air conditioner system from freezing There is a two second de...

Страница 63: ...witch The temperature control switch is used to select the desired temperature On the manual and CDTC cli mate control panel turn the switch clockwise or to the red area for warm air Turn the switch counter clockwise or to the blue area for cool air Air Conditioning The air conditioner cools and dehumidifies the air inside the cab Press the air conditioning button to turn the air conditioner on an...

Страница 64: ... air conditioning system is in the bunk override mode the cab climate control panel can be adjusted without affecting the sleeper settings To reset the sleeper settings set the fan speed and temperature settings on the cab climate control panel to the desired sleeper settings and press the upper half of the bunk override switch again The cab climate control panel can again be adjusted without affe...

Страница 65: ... left and up and down Move the louvers to the desired location or to close the outlet The defrost windshield outlets and the outlets that are directed at the doors are not ad justable The sleeper has one or two air outlets on the right side of the cab depending on the height of the cab The sleeper air outlet pivots from side to side and has louvers that can be moved up and down or closed Water Val...

Страница 66: ... or recirculated air When the air selection switch is ro tated to the maximum air conditioning position the system uses onlyrecirculated air regardless of whether fresh or recirculated air has been selected See Fig 4 6 When the air selection switch is set to air condition ing and recirculated air has been selected the sys tem functions the same as when the air selection switch is set at maximum ai...

Страница 67: ...ed set ting IMPORTANT If the windows start to fog move the air selection switch to defrost windshield and make sure the fan is on To defog the driv er s door window turn the extreme left dash face outlet to direct airflow to the upper left NOTE In mild weather the fan switch can be kept off since forward motion of the vehicle will provide airflow through the heater 4 If the vehicle has a sleeper c...

Страница 68: ... air from the vents is too cold move the temperature control switch clockwise for warmer air flow IMPORTANT To prevent the buildup of fumes or odors inside the cab for example from smok ing do not operate the heater and air condi tioning system in a recirculation mode for more than 20 minutes Fresh Air 1 Move the fresh air recirculation switch to the fresh air position Move the air selection switc...

Страница 69: ...e and turn the fan off IMPORTANT To prevent the buildup of fumes or odors inside the sleeper for example from smoking do not operate the heater and air con ditioning system in a recirculation mode for more than 20 minutes NOTE Whenever the refrigerant compressor is operating the fan will always run at a very low speed even with the fan switch in the off posi tion This prevents ice from forming on ...

Страница 70: ...er near the left side It has a temperature control dial and a four position mode selector switch Turn the temperature control dial to the left for cooling and to the right for heat See Fig 4 12 See Table 4 1 for a description of the function of the mode switch The system must be turned off whenever it is not in use or the batteries may not charge properly After using the system turn the mode switc...

Страница 71: ...5 Seats and Seat Belts Seats 5 1 Seat Belts and Tether Belts 5 5 Sleeper Compartment Restraints 5 8 Supplemental Restraint System Optional 5 9 Air Bag Optional 5 9 SPACE System Optional 5 10 ...

Страница 72: ...isted below See Fig 5 1 1 Back Cushion Tilt This adjustment enables the back cushion to pivot forward or backward 2 Lumbar Support Lumbar support changes the shape of the seat back to give more or less sup port to the occupant s lumbar lower back area This adjustment is either mechanical or air con trolled depending on make and model of the seat 3 Isolator This feature also referred to as back sla...

Страница 73: ...he back cushion raise the back cushion tilt lever and lean forward or backward Release the lever to lock the cushion in place Lumbar Support To adjust the amount of support for your lower back use the lumbar support switch or lever on the side of the seat Isolator To engage the isolator push in on the isolator lever To lock out the isolator pull the isolator lever out to the first stop Fore and Af...

Страница 74: ... the center position Lock out the isolator by moving the lever to the right Fore and Aft Seat Adjustment Hold the fore and aft adjustment lever to the left and slide the seat forward or backward to the desired po sition Bottom Cushion Tilt Adjustment Rotate the bottom cushion tilt knob to increase or decrease bottom cushion tilt f910565 1 3 4 5 6 2 2 01 06 2006 1 Isolator and Fore Aft Seat Adjustm...

Страница 75: ...at Cushion Adjustment To put the seat cushion in the upper position lift up ward on the front of the cushion then push rearward To put the seat cushion in the lower position pull for ward and then push downward Lumbar Support Move the lumbar support lever to any of the three positions as desired National 2000 Series Seat See Fig 5 6 for seat adjustment controls Back Cushion Tilt To tilt the back c...

Страница 76: ... Trucks North America DTNA vehicles meet Federal Motor Ve hicle Safety Standard 209 Type 1 and Type 2 re quirements When transporting a child always use a child re straint system or the vehicle seat belts as appropri ate To determine whether a child restraint system is required review and comply with applicable state and local laws Any child restraint used must comply with Federal Motor Vehicle Sa...

Страница 77: ...n case of an acci dent or sudden stop personal injury or death could result from misuse Fasten the seat belts before driving Fastening a three point seat belt while driving creates a haz ard 1 Slowly pull the link end of the three point seat belt out of the retractor and pull it across your lap from outboard to inboard far enough to en gage the buckle If the retractor locks too soon allow the belt...

Страница 78: ... case of an acci dent or sudden stop personal injury or death could result from misuse Fasten the seat belts before driving Fastening a three point seat belt while driving creates a haz ard 1 Slowly pull the link end of the three point seat belt out of the retractor and pull it across your lap from outboard to inboard far enough to en gage the buckle If the retractor locks too soon 08 09 2010 f910...

Страница 79: ...of injury resulting from accidents or sudden stops For this reason Daimler Trucks North America LLC urges the use of bunk restraints when the sleeper compartment is occupied in a mov ing vehicle WARNING Do not use the sleeper compartment while the vehicle is in motion unless a bunk restraint is installed and used Not using the bunk restraint increases the chance of injury or the degree of injury f...

Страница 80: ...the air bag inflates with considerable speed and force a proper seat position will keep you a safe distance from the inflating air bag Do not place objects on the steering wheel or be tween you and the steering wheel Keep your hands on the sides and lower portion of the steering wheel Any objects may cause harm dur ing an accident Failure to follow these instructions may result in death or persona...

Страница 81: ...d with seat belts provides additional protection to the driver and or passenger in severe frontal collisions The SPACE system provides a significant increase in seat stability during a severe frontal collision When the SPACE module senses a severe life threatening frontal impact the module triggers two gas cylinders mounted at the base of the seat See Fig 5 14 The gas cylinders activate the power ...

Страница 82: ...e performed by trained personnel Unintentional or improper de ployment of the air bag SPACE system could cause severe bodily injury or death Do not attempt to service or to disassemble the SPACE module The SPACE module cannot be serviced Doing so could result in severe bodily injury or death Although the air bag SPACE system components will not likely explode self deploy or produce shrapnel take c...

Страница 83: ...e with all applicable federal state and local regulations Replace damaged seat belts or seat belts that were worn in an accident and check all anchoring points Only qualified personnel familiar with air bag SPACE systems should replace the seat belts used in a vehicle with an air bag SPACE system The air bag SPACE system requires a spe cial seat belt Care must be taken to be sure the correct seat ...

Страница 84: ...6 Steering and Brake Systems Steering System 6 1 Brake System 6 1 ...

Страница 85: ...ower steering system If the front tires become lodged in a deep chuckhole or rut drive the vehicle out instead of using the steering system to lift the tires from the hole Also avoid turning the tires when they are against a curb as this places a heavy load on steering components and could damage them Brake System General Information A dual air brake system consists of two independent air brake sy...

Страница 86: ...al injury or vehicle dam age Before releasing caging the spring parking brakes make the connection to a towing vehicle or chock the tires After correcting the brake system problem uncage the spring parking brakes before resuming normal vehicle operation Brake System Operation Before driving the vehicle secure all loose items in the cab so that they will not fly forward during a full brake applicat...

Страница 87: ...et drive the vehicle in low gear and lightly apply the brakes to heat and dry them Allow hot brakes to cool before using the spring parking brakes Always chock the tires If the trailer is not equipped with spring parking brakes pulling out the yellow knob applies the tractor spring parking brakes and the trailer service brakes When the tractor and trailer parking brakes or trailer service brakes a...

Страница 88: ...the valve increases or reduces air pressure supply in the brake chamber to provide bet ter traction whenever wheel spin occurs The electronic control unit also has a safety circuit that constantly monitors the wheel sensors traction control valve if equipped solenoid control valves and the electrical circuitry After the ignition switch is turned on the tractor warning light TRACTOR ABS and if equi...

Страница 89: ...railer ABS lamp during vehicle start up and fault detection The dash mounted lamp will operate as follows when a compatible trailer is properly connected to a tractor When the ignition key is turned to the ON posi tion the trailer ABS lamp will illuminate mo mentarily then turn off If the lamp comes on momentarily during ve hicle operation then shuts off a fault was de tected and corrected If the ...

Страница 90: ...nd no dis played fault most likely the brake pedal is par tially depressed either by the driver or by some thing holding the pedal down This safety feature alerts the driver that the brake pedal is not fully in the released position Automatic Slack Adjusters Automatic slack adjusters are required on all vehicles equipped with air brakes manufactured after October 20 1994 Automatic slack adjusters ...

Страница 91: ...Cummins DDE S60 M B 7 10 Engine Break In CAT Cummins DDE S60 M B 7 10 Engine Operation CAT Cummins DDE S60 M B 7 11 Cold Weather Operation CAT Cummins DDE S60 M B 7 15 High Altitude Operation CAT Cummins DDE S60 M B 7 18 Engine Shutdown CAT Cummins DDE S60 M B 7 18 Engine Braking System CAT Cummins DDE S60 M B 7 20 Exhaust Braking System CAT Cummins DDE S60 M B 7 22 Clutches 7 23 ...

Страница 92: ... occurs as the vehicle is driven normally under load the driver is not even aware that it is happening The harder an EPA07 engine works the better it disposes of soot as the exhaust heat alone is enough to burn the soot to ash Over the course of a workday however passive regeneration cannot always keep the ATD filter clean so the filter must undergo active regeneration In active regeneration extra...

Страница 93: ...njured by exposure to high heat A steadily illuminated yellow diesel particulate filter DPF lamp indicates that a regen may be required soon Bring the vehicle to highway speeds to allow for an active regen or a parked regen should be scheduled for the earliest convenient time See Fig 7 2 A DPF lamp blinking at the same time as a steadily illuminated yellow Check Engine lamp indicates that a parked...

Страница 94: ...otection are low coolant level high coolant temperature low oil pressure and high oil tempera ture Amber Check Engine Warning Lamp When the amber Check Engine warning lamp comes on for any reason the vehicle can still be operated and the driver can proceed to the required destina tion See Fig 7 3 This condition should be reported to an authorized service center as soon as possible Red Stop Engine ...

Страница 95: ...harger maintaining steady intake mani fold pressure even as rpm falls Depending on the air intake arrangement you may also hear a chuff ing sound as the engine starts to pull hard at lower rpm This is normal and caused by the velocity changes of the air flow within the air intake plumbing Electronic engines can actually deliver more fuel at lower engine speeds than at rated speed The DD15 engine h...

Страница 96: ...ke system is operating prop erly by lifting your foot briefly off the accelera tor pedal You should feel the system activate Ensure the progressive braking switch is in the appropriate power position Check your pro gressive braking switch often for proper posi tion since road conditions can change quickly Never skip a step when operating the progres sive braking switch Always go from OFF to LOW an...

Страница 97: ...ver or move the vehicle can cause the pinion to release and re engage which could cause ring gear and starter pinion damage IMPORTANT The starter can not be used for priming the fuel system Priming is done by op erating the manual hand priming pump located on the fuel filter module or connecting an elec tric priming pump to the priming port on the fuel filter module See the engine operation manual...

Страница 98: ... switch back to the on position and try again to start the engine 2 3 As soon as the engine starts release the ignition switch allowing the engine to run at a slow idle CAUTION If the oil pressure is less than 5 psi 35 kPa shut down the engine immediately to prevent serious damage If the vehicle is equipped with an auto matic shutdown system the engine will shut down after 30 seconds 3 Caterpillar...

Страница 99: ...ses are blown replace the fuses Be sure to find the cause of the blown fuses as soon as possible NOTE Some starters are equipped with op tional overcrank protection If overcranking oc curs a thermostat breaks the electrical circuit to the starter motor until the motor has cooled WARNING Never pour fuel or other flammable liquid into the air inlet opening in the air intake in an attempt to start th...

Страница 100: ...he off position and wait two min utes then repeat the starting procedure If the coolant temperature is less than 64 F 18 C the engine will start up in the cold start strategy This reduces the amount of fuel available to the injectors advances the timing and controls white smoke emis sions The engine remains in the cold start strategy until the coolant temperature rises above 64 F 18 C or until it ...

Страница 101: ...ransmission is filled with the cor rect type of fluid as recommended by the trans mission manufacturer 2 Make sure the fuel tank is full If air has entered the fuel system prime the fuel system using the engine manufacturer s instructions 3 If the engine is equipped with a fuel water sepa rator drain off any accumulated water 4 Check the drive belts to make sure they are in good condition and prop...

Страница 102: ...w the extent of the warning sys tem in order to bring the vehicle to a safe stop if the engine malfunctions If the driver doesn t understand how the warning system works an engine shutdown could cause a safety hazard See Chapter 2 for in formation on the control panel for these engines The electronic control system can monitor engine oil pressure coolant temperature intake manifold air temperature...

Страница 103: ... brakes are not desired During downhill operation the crankshaft is turned by the rear wheels through the drivetrain To reduce the speed of the vehicle an application of braking force can be made to the crankshaft The Brake Saver does this by converting rotation energy into heat which is removed by the engine cooling sys tem The BrakeSaver is controlled by the driver as necessary by operating a le...

Страница 104: ...f engine problems The operator of a DDEC equipped engine should know the extent of the warning system in order to bring the vehicle to a safe stop if the engine malfunc tions If the operator does not understand how the system works an engine shutdown could cause a safety hazard See Chapter 2 for information on the DDEC control panel All engines have an operating range in which the en gine performs...

Страница 105: ...ired at maxi mum torque rpm also or at the predetermined road speed for the next lower gear Do not be afraid to lug the engine down It has more than enough torque at low rpm to keep a loaded vehicle moving against a grade and it won t harm the engine 6 The driver who is not familiar with the vehicle s shift points can greatly improve driving skill by learning them for all gears By knowing rather t...

Страница 106: ...riv ing technique permits operating within the most economical power range of the engine 4 Use lower gears in steep downhill driving Nor mally the gear used to descend a hill is the same gear used to climb a hill of the same grade 5 Never allow the engine to exceed the rated speed Use the exhaust brake and the optional constant throttle brake if installed to lower en gine rpm below the rated speed...

Страница 107: ... difficulty in starting or loss of efficiency If the engine does not start prime the fuel system When the use of unblended No 2 diesel fuel in win ter cannot be avoided install a thermostatically con trolled fuel heater Fuel heaters can prevent wax from clogging the fuel filters and formation of ice crystals from water in the fuel IMPORTANT If a fuel heater is used make sure it has thermostatic co...

Страница 108: ...at affect engine performance and operation of the elec tronic engine controls If a fuel heater is used make sure it has thermostatic controls If the fuel heater has a timer set the timer to activate only for a limited period of time before the en gine starts Make sure the fuel heater is used only for starting the engine For more information see the Cummins Operation and Maintenance Manual DDE S60 ...

Страница 109: ...oportion of kerosene For this reason never add more than 50 percent kerosene to the fuel High Altitude Operation CAT Cummins DDE S60 M B Engines lose horsepower when operated at high alti tude because the air is too thin to burn as much fuel as at sea level This loss is about three percent for each 1000 feet 300 m altitude above sea level for a naturally aspirated engine Most turbocharged en gines...

Страница 110: ... away by oil circulation but if the engine is stopped suddenly the turbo charger temperature may rise as much as 100 F 56 C The extreme heat may cause bearings to seize or oil seals to leak 2 Idle the engine three to five minutes before shut ting it down This allows the lubricating oil and the water to carry heat away from the combus tion chamber bearings shafts etc This is espe cially important w...

Страница 111: ...sh mounted paddle switch with three positions OFF LO and HI Jacobs Engine Brake Operation WARNING Do not use the engine brake if road surfaces are slippery Using the engine brake on wet icy or snow covered roads could result in loss of ve hicle control possibly causing personal injury and property damage To engage the engine brake the dash switch must be in the LO or HI position and both the clutc...

Страница 112: ...ed Freightliner dealer for ser vice 3 To obtain maximum retarding maintain the top governed speed of the engine through appropri ate selection of gears when the engine brake is in use 4 When either the clutch or throttle pedal is de pressed the engine brake is deactivated CAUTION If the engine brake fails to shut off when either the throttle or clutch pedal is depressed place the dash switch in th...

Страница 113: ... Do not turn the exhaust brake on until the engine has reached normal operating temperatures Driving Downhill While approaching a steep grade make sure that the exhaust brake switch is in the on position The ex haust brake comes on as soon as you remove your foot from the accelerator pedal While going down the grade use a low enough gear to safely descend with a minimum application of the service ...

Страница 114: ...ine should be ac celerated to the correct rpm for the upshift into the next higher gear Gear Shifting Techniques Many drivers upshift into the next gear or even skip shift into a higher gear before the vehicle has reached the proper speed This type of shifting is almost as bad as starting off in a gear that is too high since the engine rpm and vehicle speeds are too far apart requiring the clutch ...

Страница 115: ...creased resistance felt at the top of the clutch pedal stroke See Fig 7 8 With the clutch pedal in this range the clutch is fully en gaged and the only resistance to clutch pedal move ment is the force of the return spring If clutch free pedal is 3 4 inch 20 mm or less measured at the pedal have the clutch adjusted Free pedal should be included and commented on daily in the driver s report since c...

Страница 116: ...th a greaseable release bearing the release bearing and linkage should be lubricated at frequent intervals See Group 25 of the Century Class Trucks Maintenance Manual for inter vals and procedures CAUTION Failure to lubricate the release bearing and link age as recommended could result in release bearing and clutch damage Engines and Clutches 7 25 ...

Страница 117: ...hift Transmissions 8 15 Eaton Fuller Splitter and Range Shift Transmissions 8 18 Eaton Fuller Deep Reduction Transmissions 8 21 Meritor Range Shift Transmissions 8 24 Meritor Splitter and Range Shift Transmissions 8 26 Eaton Fuller AutoSelect Automated Transmissions 8 27 Eaton Fuller Top 2 and Lightning Semi Automated Transmissions 8 30 Meritor Engine Synchro Shift ESS Automated Models 8 32 Alliso...

Страница 118: ...he control is spring loaded and returns to mid position when released after an upshift or downshift For the Eaton Fuller automated transmissions a four position R N D L selector switch Fig 8 1 is located at the end of the lever For the Meritor Sure Shift transmission a three position R N F selector switch Fig 8 2 is located at the end of the lever For the Meritor FreedomLine transmission a three p...

Страница 119: ...ion s shift patterns 11 23 99 PUSH PULL Smart Shift 1 f270081 SHIFT DOWN SHIFT UP 2 4 3 5 6 7 To upshift pull the lever up towards you To downshift pull the lever down away from you 1 SmartShift Control Lever 2 Upshift Direction 3 Reverse Position of selector switch 4 Selector Switch 5 Neutral Position of selector switch 6 Forward Position of selector switch 7 Downshift Direction Fig 8 2 Three Pos...

Страница 120: ... interaction Move the selector switch to the drive D position dis engage the clutch to engage the gear selected engage the clutch and drive the vehicle In manual shift mode upshifts and downshifts re quire either a pull upward or push downward on the control Driver Message Center Gear information is presented to the driver via the level III ICU ICU2M Driver Message Center In au tomatic drive mode ...

Страница 121: ...ile the vehicle is stopped and in drive either manual or auto matic mode Each pull upward on the control increases the starting gear by one gear but no higher than fourth gear The number of the gear selected will flash on the message display screen until the driver engages the clutch This gear will be stored in memory as the default starting gear until either a different starting gear is selected ...

Страница 122: ...able parameter Low Gear Operation Use low L when descending steep hills and using compression braking Engine speed will be increased by 200 rpms and shift points will be offset by 200 rpm The efficiency of the exhaust brake will be maxi mized Using the Clutch Use the clutch to start and stop the vehicle Operation AutoShift without SmartShift WARNING If the engine cranks in any gear other than neu ...

Страница 123: ...ghest pro grammable default starting gear is third gear 1 With the vehicle stopped place the gear select lever in the D or H position to select a starting gear See Fig 8 5 2 Select a starting gear with the upshift or down shift buttons on the gear select handle See Fig 8 5 Driving in the H Mode NOTE You must use the upshift and downshift buttons on the gear select handle to change gears while in t...

Страница 124: ... displayed on the current gear indicator NOTE When D is selected the transmission starts up in the default starting gear 6 On a level grade release the service brake and press down on the throttle pedal to allow the ve hicle to move forward The vehicle will not move until the pedal is depressed WARNING When starting or stopping on hills and grades use extra care to prevent the vehicle from rolling...

Страница 125: ...witch controls the forward driving mode automatic or manual To change mode at any time move the slide switch in the desired direction This allows the driver to re spond flexibly to a wide range of driving conditions such as blind corners tight curves and steep hills IMPORTANT Whatever the mode it is always possible to shift manually by moving the lever up or down as needed When the engine speed is...

Страница 126: ...t DM has two reverse gears reverse low and reverse high To manually shift between them use the shift lever as described for MAN mode There is no AUTO mode for reverse When reverse low is selected the letter R displays on the current gear indicator When reverse high is selected the letter H displays on the current gear indicator See Fig 8 11 IMPORTANT Under normal conditions do not select reverse w...

Страница 127: ...ow L is located at the lower end of the four position selector switch located at the end of the SmartShift control lever To select L press in the neutral lock button and move the selector switch to the position below D When in low the current gear is maintained Re quests to upshift are not enabled IMPORTANT If the engine is approaching over speed the UltraShift DM TCU will override the current gea...

Страница 128: ...ed to prevent clutch abuse When the clutch overheats the follow ing alerts take place The TRANS TEMP light comes on The current gear indicator displays CA A warning tone sounds at one second intervals The alerts continue until the clutch cools the throttle is released or the clutch is fully engaged System Problem In the event of a problem do the following steps 1 Note the driving conditions at the...

Страница 129: ... NOTE Neutral is always available during opera tion When in neutral upshift and downshift re quests are ignored If the mode selector switch is moved from neutral to forward F while the vehicle is moving the transmission will shift into a gear causing the engine to go to a high torque level under the engine s rated torque Selecting a Starting Gear 1 Select forward F by sliding the selector switch d...

Страница 130: ...reedomLine Automated Transmissions Refer to the Meritor website for additional informa tion www arvinmeritor com General Information FreedomLine The ZF Meritor FreedomLine is a fully automated manual transmission that features only an accelera tor and brake pedal in the cab Clutch actuation is fully automated On Freightliner vehicles it will be operated by a custom version of the SmartShift contro...

Страница 131: ...h to the center position Neutral is always available during operation When in neutral requests to upshift or downshift are ignored If the selector switch is moved from neutral to drive while the vehicle is moving the transmission will shift into a gear within the engine s operating torque range Reverse To select reverse R press in the safety release and move the selector switch upward to the posit...

Страница 132: ...oving the two position slide switch away from the steering column until it is in the automatic po sition Driver Message Center On the Century Class S T the gear is displayed on the driver display screen in the SmartDash ICU2M message center See Fig 8 14 The first character of the display is either blank to indicate the transmission is in manual mode or an up and down arrow to indicate the transmis...

Страница 133: ...ay with no load or under ideal conditions use 1st gear when start ing to move the vehicle except when equipped with a 9 speed RTO transmission then always start in low gear For all conditions use the highest gear that is still low enough to start the vehicle moving with engine idling and without slipping the clutch excessively 2 Use the clutch brake to stop gear rotation when shifting into low or ...

Страница 134: ... 4 f260323 R 7 6 8 5 f260324 R 9 Speed Direct RTX P 2 3 4 1 f260325 R 2 3 4 1 f260325 R 8 7 9 6 f260326 R 5 9 Speed Overdrive RTO 1 2 4 f260327 R 3 LOW 1 2 4 f260327 R 3 LOW 8 6 7 5 f260328 R 10 Speed Direct or Overdrive RT or RTX 2 3 4 1 f260329 R 5 2 3 4 1 f260329 R 5 9 8 10 7 f260330 R 6 10 Speed Overdrive RTO 2 3 5 1 f260331 R 4 2 3 5 1 f260331 R 4 10 8 9 7 f260332 R 6 Table 8 1 Eaton Fuller S...

Страница 135: ...ol button are built into the shift knob The range prese lection lever controls range selection and the splitter control button located on the side of the shift knob controls gear splits Low gear in the front section is used only as a start ing ratio The remaining four forward positions are used once in the low range and once in the high range However each of the four high range gear positions can ...

Страница 136: ... high range gears does not require movement of the shift lever 4 Never move the shift lever into low gear while in high range 5 Never move the splitter control button while in neutral 6 Do not preselect with the splitter control button after moving the control button complete the shift immediately 7 Except when downshifting from 5th direct to 4th gear never push the range preselection lever down i...

Страница 137: ... overdrive move the splitter control button Fig 8 17 into the over drive forward position then immediately release the accelerator Press and release the clutch pedal After releasing the clutch accelerate again Continue upshifting through the shift pattern Double clutch during lever shifts 6th to 7th to 8th single clutch during split shifts 6th direct to 6th overdrive etc For 18 speed transmissions...

Страница 138: ...ard speeds The five deep reduction ratios are also evenly and progressively spaced however they do overlap the low range ra tios and should be used only when operating under adverse conditions See Fig 8 20 for the shift pat terns NOTE The 4th 9th and the 5th 10th shift posi tions in the RT direct ratio and RTX overdrive ratio transmissions are directly opposite in the RTO overdrive ratio transmiss...

Страница 139: ...for heavy loads and steep inclines Low gear in 10 speed transmissions is best suited for off highway use The following instructions are recommended for start ing a loaded vehicle moving under adverse condi tions 1 Position the gear shift lever in neutral Start the engine and bring the vehicle air system pressure up to 100 to 120 psi 689 to 827 kPa 2 Position the range preselection lever down into ...

Страница 140: ...rearward position then double clutch through neutral and move the shift lever to the 4th gear position in the low range 6 Shift upward from low gear 10 speed transmis sions or 4th gear 15 speed transmissions to the top gear in low range see Table 8 2 double clutching between shifts and accelerating to 80 percent of engine governed speed 7 While in the top gear of the low range shift pat tern and r...

Страница 141: ...ansmissions is called 9th gear 10 Speed RM and RMX Models Meritor 10 speed transmissions have ten evenly spaced forward ratios Each transmission consists of a 5 speed front section and a 2 speed auxiliary sec tion The ten forward speeds are obtained by twice using a 5 speed shift pattern the first time in low range the second time in high range See Fig 8 22 for the shift pattern Operation Meritor ...

Страница 142: ...325 R 8 7 9 6 f260326 R 5 9 Speed Overdrive RMO 1 2 4 f260327 R 3 LOW 1 2 4 f260327 R 3 LOW 8 6 7 5 f260328 R 10 Speed Direct or Overdrive RM or RMX 2 3 4 1 f260329 R 5 2 3 4 1 f260329 R 5 9 8 10 7 f260330 R 6 10 Speed Overdrive RMO 2 3 5 1 f260331 R 4 2 3 5 1 f260331 R 4 10 8 9 7 f260332 R 6 Table 8 3 Meritor Shift Progressions 10 Double clutch to continue upshifting Downshifting 1 With the trans...

Страница 143: ...However each of the four high range gear positions can be split with the overdrive ratio of the splitter gear Ratios cannot be split while the trans mission is in low range Operation Meritor Splitter and Range Shift IMPORTANT The shifter knob has an interlock feature that prevents the splitter control button from being moved up when the range selection lever is down in the low range when the trans...

Страница 144: ... without moving the shift lever Flip the splitter control but ton down to the direct drive position then imme diately release the accelerator and press and release the clutch pedal Accelerate the engine only after the transmission has shifted 2 To downshift from 8th direct to 7th overdrive flip the splitter control button up to the overdrive po sition then immediately double clutch through neutral...

Страница 145: ...ontains up shift and downshift buttons and a gear select lever detent button The shifter performs shifts at the front portion of the transmission It preselects the shift to Neutral and completes the gear change after driver input The Electronic Control Unit ECU consists of two controllers a transmission ECU and a sys tem ECU The transmission ECU controls all transmission shift functions and the sy...

Страница 146: ...aged The arrows disappear the cur rent gear position stops flashing and engine rpm decreases and becomes steady 4 Apply the throttle NOTE If the shift is missed control engine speed in the direction indicated by the arrows on the display to synchronize engine rpm with the transmission s speed Downshifting D and H modes without an engine load 1 Decelerate NOTE In the H mode depress the downshift bu...

Страница 147: ...r changes The lever only shift skips a gear The button only shift is a gear split shift that occurs by moving the shift button The lever only shift occurs when the shift lever is moved without moving the shift button The combination button lever shift is a gear ratio change that occurs when both the shift button and the shift lever are moved The small red service light on the Lightning shift knob ...

Страница 148: ...r Upshifting 1 Position the gear shift lever in neutral Start the engine and bring the air system pressure up to 100 to 120 psi 689 to 827 kPa 2 Depress the clutch pedal to the floor Shift into 1st gear then engage the clutch with the engine at or near idle speed to start the vehicle moving 3 Button only shift Preselect the next gear by sliding the shift button forward Break torque by releasing th...

Страница 149: ...ear position The lever only shift is used to skip a full gear With the shift button rearward 9th to 7th 7th to 5th 5th to 3rd and 3rd to 1st With the shift but ton forward 10th to 8th 8th to 6th 6th to 4th and 4th to 2nd IMPORTANT Never use the clutch brake when downshifting or as a brake to slow the vehicle CAUTION Do not attempt a combination button lever down shift at too high an engine speed g...

Страница 150: ...n the word OFF is visible the system is not operating and the transmission can be shifted manually The shift intent switch Fig 8 29 is the upper switch on the driver s side of the shift handle It has four positions and controls upshifting and downshifting by communicating to the ECM the driver s intention of changing gears NOTE If the system switch is OFF use the shift intent switch to select betw...

Страница 151: ...the shift intent switch 1 2 Apply pressure with the shift lever toward the neutral position 1 3 Press the top portion of the shift intent switch again far enough so that the switch goes into a second position inside the body of the shift handle Then release the switch See Fig 8 30 This will break torque 1 4 Immediately move the shift lever to the neutral position 1 5 Allow engine rpm to slow down ...

Страница 152: ...nit in the primary shift mode If needed a secondary shift mode can be programmed to provide another shift configuration to optimize vehicle use under different operating con ditions To activate a secondary shift mode or other special function programmed into the electronic con trol unit ECU depress the Mode button Mode On is displayed in the indicator panel just above the push buttons A label just...

Страница 153: ... braking power Use the up or down arrow buttons on the shift selector to reach the desired gear The Select indicator will display your choice and the Moni tor indicator will show the selected gear once it is reached NOTE In the lower gear ranges the transmis sion will not upshift above the highest gear se lected unless the engine governed speed is ex ceeded 5 Use neutral N and apply the parking br...

Страница 154: ...k 9 1 Meritor Main Differential Lock Operation 9 1 Meritor Tandem Drive Axles With Interaxle Differential 9 2 Meritor Interaxle Differential Lockout Operation 9 2 Eaton Single Reduction Axles With Controlled Traction Differential 9 2 Eaton 2 Speed Tandem Axles 9 3 Eaton Interaxle Differential Lockout Operation 9 3 ...

Страница 155: ...both wheels and protecting against spinout Under normal traction conditions do not engage the differential lock Operate the axle with differential action between both wheels WARNING Be especially careful when driving under slippery conditions with the differential locked Though forward traction is improved the vehicle can still slip sideways causing possible loss of vehicle control personal injury...

Страница 156: ...men tarily on the accelerator to engage the differential lock Proceed over poor road conditions with caution Do not wait until traction is lost and the tires are spinning before locking the interaxle differential CAUTION Do not actuate the interaxle differential control valve while the tires are slipping Do not operate the vehicle continuously with the interaxle differ ential locked during extende...

Страница 157: ...e in the low range with the engine running Engage the clutch and transmission to be sure the axle has completed the shift into the low range Some vehicle motion is required to ensure en gagement of the axle IMPORTANT Refer to Eaton Interaxle Differen tial Lockout Operation for precautions that must be taken when shifting axles in relation to the interaxle differential lockout Eaton Interaxle Diffe...

Страница 158: ...axles thereby compensating for different wheel speeds and varia tions in tire size Keep the interaxle differential lock out in the UNLOCK position for normal driving on roads where traction is good On 2 speed axles the interaxle differential must be in the UNLOCK position before attempting to shift the axles out of low or high range Rear Axles 9 4 ...

Страница 159: ... Fifth Wheels and Trailer Couplings Holland Fifth Wheels 10 1 ASF Castloc II and Simplex Series Fifth Wheels 10 6 Fontaine Fifth Wheels 10 11 Premier Trailer Couplings 10 15 Holland Trailer Coupling 10 17 ...

Страница 160: ...lease slide assembly Fig 10 3 is equipped with a single release lever Pulling on the release lever unlocks both plungers Type B Kingpin Lock Mechanism Fig 10 4 The Type B kingpin lock mechanism utilizes two spring loaded lock halves The final forward motion of the kingpin into the open lock halves forces the locks to close in a 360 degree grip around the shoul der and neck of the kingpin positioni...

Страница 161: ...c steering and loss of vehicle control possibly resulting in serious personal injury or death 2 The kingpin lock mechanism must be fully open and the fifth wheel plate must be completely lu bricated with chassis grease For lubrication in structions see Group 31 of the Century Class Trucks Maintenance Manual 3 Position the tractor so that the fifth wheel lock opening is in line both vertically and ...

Страница 162: ...m lines and electrical cable to the trailer Take care to prevent dirt or foreign mate rial from entering the air lines 8 Charge the air brake system with air Make sure that the air connections do not leak 9 Retract the trailer landing gear and secure the ratchet handle 10 Remove the chocks from the trailer tires 11 The load distribution on the front steering axle and rear drive axle s will have a ...

Страница 163: ...TICE Before attempting to lock or unlock the fifth wheel lock mechanism of a sliding type fifth wheel the slide release plungers must be in the locked position This prevents the sliding mem ber from moving rapidly to the far forward or rearward position which could damage the fifth wheel or kingpin 6 Release the kingpin locking mechanism by pull ing the kingpin lock control handle Fig 10 1 to the ...

Страница 164: ...possibly resulting in serious per sonal injury or death 8 1 For air operated models set the cab operated control switch to LOCK Visually check the slide plungers to make sure they are engaged in the fully locked posi tion See Fig 10 7 8 2 For manual release models trip the re lease lever Fig 10 3 using a release hook or other suitable tool Make sure that both plungers have locked retracted into th...

Страница 165: ... operating rod The op erating rod is located on the left side of the fifth wheel for Castloc II and Simplex II fifth wheels and on the right side for the Simplex fifth wheel assem bly On sliding fifth wheels the top plate is mounted on a sliding saddle plate which slides along the baseplate attached to the tractor frame The baseplate rails allow forward and rear movement of the slide assem bly for...

Страница 166: ...tion the operating rod drops out of the lockset position and the fifth wheel is ready for coupling See Fig 10 11 During coupling the kingpin contacts and rotates the jaw into the locked position This action automatically moves the operating rod into the locked position This securely locks the jaw around the kingpin In the locked position the safety latch swings freely over the operating rod See Fi...

Страница 167: ... pin lockup The trailer bed plate must be flush on the fifth wheel plate surface When positive lockup has occurred the fifth wheel operating rod will have moved inward to the locked posi tion and the safety latch will swing freely over the operating rod See Fig 10 12 NOTE Only when the operating rod is fully re tracted in the locked position will the safety latch be freely rotated down 8 Release t...

Страница 168: ...the trailer landing gear until the trailer rises about 1 2 inch 13 mm 5 Disconnect the tractor to trailer air system lines and electrical cable Plug the air lines to prevent dirt or foreign material from entering the lines NOTICE Before attempting to unlock the fifth wheel lock mechanism of a sliding type fifth wheel the slide operating rod Fig 10 9 must be in the locked position and the slide loc...

Страница 169: ...ins to make sure they have seated in the base plate rail holes For manually operated models Raise the operat ing rod so that it is free to move inward Make sure that the lockpins have seated in the base plate rail holes and the operating rod moves into the locked position Also the safety latch must drop downward so that it holds the operating rod in the locked position 9 The amount of load distrib...

Страница 170: ... The slide portion of the sliding model may be at tached to either an air operated release slide or a manual release slide The air operated release slide contains an air cylin der that locks and unlocks the fifth wheel slide See Fig 10 13 The air cylinder is activated by a two position air control valve in the tractor cab The manual release slide contains a slide release pull handle located on the...

Страница 171: ...of the trailer tires to prevent the trailer from moving WARNING Keep the fifth wheel plate lubricated to prevent binding between the tractor and trailer A binding fifth wheel could cause erratic steering and loss of vehicle control possibly resulting in serious personal injury or death 2 The kingpin lock mechanism must be fully open the fifth wheel plate must be completely lubri cated with chassis...

Страница 172: ...efer to the appli cable manufacturer s service information 11 Retract the trailer landing gear and secure the ratchet handle Remove the chocks from the trailer tires 12 The load distribution on the front steering axle and rear drive axle s will have a direct effect on the steering control of the vehicle Determine the front and rear axle weights by weighing the vehicle on scales designed for this p...

Страница 173: ...ockup of the fifth wheel lock mechanism has been accomplished release the slide using one of the following methods 2 1 For air operated release models set the cab operated control switch Fig 10 6 to UNLOCK 2 2 For manual release models lift the slide release pull handle to disengage it from the guide plate Then pull out the handle Fig 10 17 until it is in the unlocked posi tion and can be position...

Страница 174: ...anadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standard CMVSS label attached to the left rear door post of the tractor The desired load on the axle is no less than 80 percent of the maximum axle weight rating but in no instances should the axle load exceed the maximum axle weight rat ing given on the FMVSS or CMVSS label WARNING Adjust the fifth wheel slide correctly and do not overload any tractor axle by incorrec...

Страница 175: ... place Model 690 Fig 10 19 Remove the linch pin from the handle then push in on the handle and turn it toward you Open the pintle hook by pull ing it down and toward you Release the handle locking the pintle hook open 3 Models 260 and 460 Back up the vehicle until the drawbar eye is over the pintle hook then lower the trailer Model 690 Back up the vehicle until the drawbar eye enters the open jaw ...

Страница 176: ...k then while squeezing the pawl wedges together lift up the pawl assembly Lift up the latch and push it up against the pawl locking the latch in place Model 690 Remove the linch pin from the handle then push in on the handle and turn it toward you Open the pintle hook by pulling it down and toward you Release the handle lock ing the pintle hook open 6 Slowly drive the vehicle away from the trailer...

Страница 177: ...only As air bleeds from the trailer brake system brake appli cation is lost This could allow the unattended vehicle to roll away possibly resulting in serious personal injury or death 2 Chock the front and rear tires of the trailer 3 Disconnect the trailer air and electrical lines Plug the air lines to keep out dirt 4 Take the weight of the trailer drawbar off the pintle hook 5 Open the latch by f...

Страница 178: ...p Inspections and Maintenance Pretrip and Post Trip Inspection Checklists 11 1 Daily Pretrip Inspection and Maintenance 11 3 Weekly Post Trip Inspection and Maintenance 11 9 Monthly Post Trip Inspection and Maintenance 11 11 ...

Страница 179: ...re the first trip Place a check mark in the complete Comp column to indicate a procedure has been performed Inspector Date Suspension and Slack Adjusters Comp 1 Suspension components 2 Slack adjusters Wheels and Tires Comp 1 Tire condition 2 Tire inflation 3 Rim and wheel components 4 Wheel bearing oil seals and lubrication levels 6 Mud Flaps Saddle Tank Areas Comp 1 Drain air reservoirs without a...

Страница 180: ...indicate a proce dure has been performed Inspector Date Brake Components Comp 1 Brake system components 2 Brake chambers 3 Air brake lines 4 Flex air lines 5 Brake linings and brake drums 6 Brake lining thickness Saddle Tank Areas Comp 1 Drain air reservoirs with automatic drain valves 2 Batteries location may vary Engine Compartment Comp 1 Hydraulic clutch reservoir 2 Radiator and heater hoses 3 ...

Страница 181: ...ack Adjuster Inspection Walk around the vehicle and visually inspect suspen sion and slack adjuster components 1 Inspect the following suspension components for signs of structural damage cracks or wear springs spring hangers shocks suspension arms suspension brackets axle seats bushings 2 Inspect slack adjusters for signs of damage See Fig 11 1 Fig 11 2 or Fig 11 3 Inspect slack adjuster boots if...

Страница 182: ...ekly pressure loss of 4 psi 28 kPa or more in a tire may indicate damage The tire should be inspected and if necessary repaired or replaced by a qualified tire service facility IMPORTANT The load and cold inflation pres sure must not exceed the rim or wheel manu facturer s recommendations even though the tire may be approved for a higher load inflation Consult the rim or wheel manufacturer for the...

Страница 183: ...ing pattern in Fig 11 4 or Fig 11 5 to initially tighten the flange nuts 50 to 100 lbf ft 68 to 136 N m Then tighten the flange nuts 450 to 500 lbf ft 610 to 678 N m 4 Inspect the outboard side of all wheel hubs and the hub oil seal area on the inboard side of each wheel for signs of oil leakage If any oil is found on wheel and tire or brake components remove the vehicle from service until the lea...

Страница 184: ...and result in engine damage 2 1 Push the reset button on the air intake restriction indicator located on the air cleaner if equipped 2 2 Check the air intake duct from the air cleaner to the engine intake Make sure the duct components are secure and air tight 3 Check the engine oil level NOTICE Operating the engine with the oil level below the minimum fill or add mark or above the maxi mum fill or...

Страница 185: ...he ignition to the ON position The instrument cluster will complete a full gauge sweep and bulb check and an au dible warning will sound Ensure the low air pressure lamp BRAKE AIR remains illuminated and an audible warning contin ues to sound after the gauge sweep is complete 3 Check air governor cut in and cut out pressures 3 1 Start the engine and ensure the BRAKE AIR lamp goes out and the buzze...

Страница 186: ...1 Table 11 1 Maximum Allowable Air Leakage WARNING When cleaning windshields and windows always stand on the ground or on a secure ladder or platform Use a long handled window cleaner Do not use the cab steps tires fenders fuel tanks engine or under hood components to access the windshield or windows Doing so could cause a fall and result in an injury 7 Inspect the mirrors window glass and wind sh...

Страница 187: ... ignite the fuel possibly causing severe burns IMPORTANT On engines that comply with EPA07 regulations use ultralow sulfur diesel ULSD with 15 ppm sulfur content or less Fail ure to use ULSD fuel may void the warranty on emission components 13 Check the fuel level in the fuel tank s To keep condensation to a minimum fuel tanks should be filled at the end of each day 14 Adjust the rearview and down...

Страница 188: ... level 4 Check for water in the fuel water separator if equipped IMPORTANT When draining fluid from a fuel water separator drain the fluid into an appropriate container and dispose of it prop erly Many jurisdictions now issue fines for draining fuel water separators onto the ground 4 1 Place a suitable container under the fuel water separator NOTE A hose may be used to direct water into the contai...

Страница 189: ...e belt that is visibly worn or damaged If it fails the lack of coolant flow could rapidly cause damage to engine compo nents 6 Inspect the serpentine drive belts for signs of glazing frayed edges breaks cracks or oil con tamination Monthly Post Trip Inspection and Maintenance Brake Component Inspection Walk around the vehicle and inspect brake system components for visible damage 1 Inspect all vis...

Страница 190: ...system air reservoirs reservoirs with automatic drain valves only NOTE Battery locations vary between vehicles 2 Inspect the batteries WARNING Battery posts terminals and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm To prevent possible per sonal injury always wash your hands after han dling battery parts and re...

Страница 191: ... at the front wheels 3 2 Align a reference mark on the steering wheel to a rule then slowly turn the steer ing wheel in the opposite direction until motion is again detected at the wheels 3 3 Measure the lash free play at the rim of the steering wheel Excessive lash exists if steering wheel movement exceeds 2 1 2 inches 64 mm with a 20 inch 508 mm steering wheel or 2 1 4 inches 57 mm with an 18 in...

Страница 192: ...Appearance Cab Washing and Polishing 12 1 Care of Fiberglass Parts 12 1 Care of Chrome Parts 12 1 Care of Exterior Lights 12 1 Dashboard Care 12 1 Vinyl Upholstery Cleaning 12 1 Velour Upholstery Cleaning 12 2 ...

Страница 193: ...ith a mild detergent such as dishwashing liquid Avoid strong alkaline cleansers Apply a wax specifically designed for fiberglass Care of Chrome Parts To prevent rust keep chrome parts clean and pro tected at all times This is especially important during winter driving and in coastal areas where there is exposure to salt air When cleaning chrome parts use clean water and a soft cloth or sponge A mi...

Страница 194: ...n be removed by plac ing a clean unprinted piece of cloth over the spotted area and pouring a liberal amount of 6 percent hy drogen peroxide onto the cloth Allow the saturated cloth to remain on the spot for 30 to 60 minutes For stubborn spots allow the hydrogen peroxide satu rated cloth to remain on the area overnight Use cau tion to prevent the solution from seeping into the seams or it will wea...

Страница 195: ...sible Re peat if necessary before drying thoroughly Chewing Gum or Wax Harden the gum or wax with an ice cube wrapped in a plastic bag then scrape it off with a dull knife Ex cess wax can be absorbed by placing a thick white blotter over the wax and heating with a warm not hot iron Remove the remainder by using the proce dure for grease and oil based stains Mildew Brush the dry fabric with a soft ...

Страница 196: ...13 In an Emergency Hazard Warning Lights 13 1 Fire Extinguisher 13 1 Emergency Kit Optional 13 1 Towing 13 1 Emergency Starting With Jumper Cables 13 3 Fire in the Cab 13 4 ...

Страница 197: ...olve exposure to flam mable substances such as fuel An explosion or fire could occur causing serious personal injury Towing When it is necessary to tow the vehicle make sure the instructions below are closely followed to prevent damage to the vehicle WARNING Do not tow an unbraked vehicle if the combined weight of both vehicles is more than the sum of the gross axle weight ratings GAWR of the tow ...

Страница 198: ...ailure to lower the vehicle could result in the air fairing striking an overhead obstruction such as a bridge or overpass and causing vehicle dam age or personal injury 10 On vehicles equipped with an air fairing repeat the measurement taken in step 8 The difference between the two measurements must not exceed 14 inches 36 cm If necessary lower the ve hicle 11 Connect the clearance lights tailligh...

Страница 199: ...as a result of an explosion or acid burns CAUTION Make sure both starting systems have the same voltage outputs and avoid making sparks Other wise the vehicle charging systems could be se verely damaged Also do not attempt to charge isolated deep cycle batteries with jumper cables Follow the battery manufacturer s instructions when charging deep cycle batteries NOTE On vehicles equipped with an op...

Страница 200: ...ting in severe personal injury from explosion or acid burns 7 Disconnect the grounded cable from the frame or other non battery location then disconnect the other end of the cable 8 Disconnect the remaining cable from the newly charged battery or jump start post if equipped first then disconnect the other end Fire in the Cab The incidence of fire in heavy and medium duty trucks is rare according t...

Страница 201: ...Holder 3 11 Overhead Lights 3 11 Waste Bin 3 10 Cab Door Locks and Handles 3 1 Cab Washing and Polishing 12 1 Subject Page Cab to Sleeper Access 3 4 Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standard CMVSS Labels 1 1 Care of Chrome Parts 12 1 Care of Exterior Lights 12 1 Care of Fiberglass Parts 12 1 Circuit Breaker Relay Panel 3 4 Clutches 7 23 Clutch Operation 7 23 General Information 7 23 Lubrication 7 25 ...

Страница 202: ...M 8 6 General Information UltraShift DM 8 6 Operation UltraShift DM 8 7 Ultrashift Diagnostics 8 11 Emergency Kit Optional 13 1 Emergency Starting With Jumper Cables 13 3 Subject Page Engine Braking System CAT Cummins DDE S60 M B 7 20 Constant Throttle Valves MBE4000 only 7 21 Jacobs Engine Brake 7 20 Turbo Brake MBE4000 only 7 21 Engine Break In CAT Cummins DDE S60 M B 7 10 Caterpillar 7 10 Cummi...

Страница 203: ...eter 2 16 Application Air Pressure Gauge 2 16 Coolant Temperature Gauge 2 16 Drive Axle Oil Temperature Gauges 2 16 Subject Page Engine Oil Pressure Gauge 2 16 Engine Oil Temperature Gauge 2 17 Fuel Gauge 2 17 Primary and Secondary Air Pressure Gauges 2 17 Pyrometer 2 17 Speedometer 2 17 Tachometer 2 17 Transmission Fluid Temperature Gauge 2 18 Turbocharger Boost Pressure Gauge 2 18 Voltmeter 2 18...

Страница 204: ...EzyRider Seat 5 2 Freightliner Bostrom Seat 5 3 General Information 5 1 Subject Page National 2000 Series Seat 5 4 Sleeper Bunk Latches 3 4 Sleeper Compartment Restraints 5 8 Bunk Restraint Adjustment 5 8 Bunk Restraint Operation 5 8 General Information 5 8 Sleeper Compartment Vents 3 4 Sleeper Door 3 5 SPACE System Optional 5 10 Safety Guidelines for the SPACE System 5 11 Starting After Extended ...

Страница 205: ...ystem 2 2 Water Valve Controlled Heater and Air Conditioner System 4 4 Air Conditioning Sleeper Heater and Air Conditioner 4 8 Air Conditioning 4 6 Defogging and Defrosting Using Fresh Air 4 6 Fresh Air 4 7 General Information 4 4 Heating Sleeper Heater and Air Conditioner 4 7 Heating 4 6 Weekly Post Trip Inspection and Maintenance 11 9 Engine Compartment Inspection 11 9 Windshield Washer Reservoi...

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