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Understanding color models

You can define colors in several different color models, most commonly RGB, CMYK, and
a spot color matching system (such as PANTONE). Depending on the application you use,
you may or may not have a choice of the color model.

RGB

colors are used when you take output from an RGB device such as a digital camera

or scanner. Another use of the RGB color model is for displaying colors on a monitor.

CMYK

colors are what most printers use.

spot colors

, such as PANTONE, are special inks manufactured to run on an offset printing

press. Spot colors can be simulated using CMYK toners (also known as

process colors

). With

the Spot Color Matching print option, you can determine how spot colors are printed at the
Color Server:

•

Spot Color Matching On

uses color tables built into the Color Server to simulate the spot

color with the closest equivalent available using the CMYK toners of the copier/printer
connected to the Color Server.

If your Color Server supports the Spot-On application in Command WorkStation, you
can customize the spot color definitions used by ColorWise.

•

Spot Color Matching Off

instructs the Color Server to simulate the spot color using CMYK

equivalents defined by the spot color manufacturer. These are the same CMYK values used
by applications that include spot color libraries. This CMYK combination is then printed
with the CMYK/Grayscale Source setting that you choose, such as SWOP or DIC.

The color model used by your application determines the methods available for choosing
colors, as well as the way color data is transmitted to the Color Server:

• Office applications, such as word processing, spreadsheet, and presentation graphics

applications, use the RGB color model. They typically transmit only RGB data to the
Color Server.

• Illustration applications use both the RGB and CMYK color models, but typically

transmit only CMYK data to the Color Server.

• Pixel-editing applications use both the RGB and CMYK color models. They transmit

RGB or CMYK data to the Color Server.

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Содержание Color Server

Страница 1: ...Fiery Color Server Fiery Color Reference ...

Страница 2: ... 2009 Electronics for Imaging Inc The information in this publication is covered under Legal Notices for this product 45087207 1 September 2009 ...

Страница 3: ... MANAGEMENT WORKFLOWS 12 Understanding workflows 12 Standard recommended workflow 14 Choosing colors 15 Understanding color models 16 Optimizing for output type 17 Maintaining color accuracy 18 MANAGING COLOR IN OFFICE APPLICATIONS 19 Using office applications 19 Color matching with office applications 20 Working with office applications 20 Defining colors 20 Working with imported files 21 Selecti...

Страница 4: ...defined halftones 27 Ensuring color accuracy when you save a file 27 MANAGING COLOR IN ADOBE PHOTOSHOP 28 Specifying color settings 28 Configuring Photoshop color settings 28 Saving files from Photoshop 31 Choosing a file format 31 Selecting options when printing 34 Advanced tips for using PostScript color management 36 MANAGING COLOR IN PAGE LAYOUT APPLICATIONS 38 Adobe InDesign 39 InDesign color...

Страница 5: ...orting into other documents 54 Specifying print options 54 Optional color management in CorelDRAW 55 MANAGING COLOR IN ADOBE ACROBAT 56 Specifying color settings 57 Selecting options when printing 58 DESKTOP COLOR PRIMER 60 The properties of color 60 The physics of color 61 CIE color model 62 Hue saturation and brightness 62 Additive and subtractive color systems 64 Understanding color gamut 67 Pr...

Страница 6: ...CONTENTS 6 Raster images and vector graphics 72 Optimizing files for processing and printing 73 Resolution of raster images 73 Scaling 74 BIBLIOGRAPHY 75 GLOSSARY 77 INDEX 89 ...

Страница 7: ...amut and source profile appear in bold throughout this document If you are new to desktop color or if any terms are unfamiliar see the Glossary on page 77 For additional information This document is one in a set of documentation that includes documents for both users and system administrators For a description of all of the available documentation see Welcome All other documents should be availabl...

Страница 8: ...s its intermediate color space To perform its translation a CMS needs information about the color space of the source object and the gamut of the printer This information is provided through profiles often created by the manufacturers of the computer monitor or printer The end product of a CMS conversion is a printed document or object file in the gamut of a particular printer Progress is being ma...

Страница 9: ...ws you to specify default and override settings for the source color space information and the output profile information see Color Printing When you use these settings you do not need to use the features of other color management systems Your Color Server software includes ICC profile for use with other color management systems although conflicts may arise when the Color Server CMS is used in con...

Страница 10: ...nd are processed faster on the Color Server The advantages to ColorWise color management versus desktop application color management include the following Relieving your computer from performing additional processing Delaying color conversions until the color data reaches the Color Server frees your computer so that you can continue working Color conversions on the Color Server are in most cases m...

Страница 11: ... colors available in the standard palettes of office applications and see how those colors print on the Color Server see Color matching with office applications on page 20 CMYK Color Reference An 11 page downloadable PostScript file of CMYK color patches see Using the CMYK Color Reference on page 24 Process Simulation of PANTONE Solid Coated Colors A 19 page downloadable PostScript file of color p...

Страница 12: ...ions and ColorWise color management Understanding workflows The term workflow is used to describe the path a job follows from its creation in a desktop application to final printed output The Color Server supports a variety of workflows with different levels of complexity There are several points at which color management can be performed on a job see the illustration on page 13 The information pr...

Страница 13: ...olors on page 15 Select file format based on the desired output EPS data is not manipulated Other formats can be used if the file is saved with the appropriate settings Use the ColorWise CMS as described in this document and Color Printing Operating system color options Disabled Disable any CMS provided by the operating system Calibrate as described in Color Printing Perform regular maintenance as...

Страница 14: ...plication and operating system This ensures that the colors you select reach the Color Server and ColorWise in a usable form Consider however that ColorWise fully supports color management from applications and printer drivers see Using ColorWise and application color management on page 10 Set the CMYK Grayscale Source option in ColorWise to match the CMYK color space used in the application to se...

Страница 15: ...rking with color that is to be printed on an offset press you want the Color Server output to match other prepress proofs or PANTONE color swatch books The colors that you define when creating a file in an application and the color management tools within the application that you use impact how the file is processed workflow and the final output that you can expect Use color management to control ...

Страница 16: ... toners of the copier printer connected to the Color Server If your Color Server supports the Spot On application in Command WorkStation you can customize the spot color definitions used by ColorWise Spot Color Matching Off instructs the Color Server to simulate the spot color using CMYK equivalents defined by the spot color manufacturer These are the same CMYK values used by applications that inc...

Страница 17: ...s well as the print option settings you choose For on demand color printing on the Color Server use any application and define colors in RGB or CMYK If your application supports it you can also choose colors from the PANTONE color library Choose the appropriate settings for print options affecting color output for descriptions of the print options see Color Printing For color proofing use a PostSc...

Страница 18: ...sing sample colors you ensure that your printed output remains consistent regardless of how the colors appear on different monitors Print the palette of available colors from business applications and select colors from the printed samples Color reference files are included on the User Software CD or DVD For more information see Color matching with office applications on page 20 and Color matching...

Страница 19: ...s handle color similarly using the same RGB color model used for the color monitor Most office applications allow you to choose colors from a palette of preselected colors Some allow you to add new colors to the palette using a color picker Although some applications allow you to specify color using the CMYK HSL and HSV color models these applications always send RGB color data to the Color Server...

Страница 20: ...r and the Color Server PPD PostScript Printer Description are installed on your computer as described in Printing Defining colors Office applications use the RGB color model The only way to use CMYK or PANTONE colors is to define them in Encapsulated PostScript EPS format files with an illustration or page layout application and then place these files in Microsoft Office documents Colors in EPS fi...

Страница 21: ...anced color management If you place multiple RGB objects mixed non photographic and photographic into an office application file a single rendering intent may not optimize output for all the objects In this case you can have the photographic objects bypass the rendering intent altogether To accomplish this open the photographic object in CMYK mode with a pixel editing application such as Adobe Pho...

Страница 22: ...r conversions PostScript color management causes your CMYK colors to be interpreted by the Color Server as though they were supplied in the Lab color space and as a result processed by RGB print options rather than your CMYK Source and CMYK Processing Method settings Include ICC color information in files ColorWise does not conflict with this information and such data is useful for identifying the...

Страница 23: ...m such as PANTONE When you print composites these applications send process color equivalents for named spot colors to the Color Server In some applications you can also choose colors using the RGB HSB HSL or other color models Generally PostScript applications send color information to the Color Server as CMYK data An exception to this is an RGB object placed in a document which is sent directly ...

Страница 24: ...d specifying the corresponding CMYK values you ensure that you print the same color from your device NOTE For best results calibrate the Color Server before printing the reference pages NOTE Using the reference pages does not match monitor colors to printed colors For this you must use a color management system and calibrate your monitor Using the CMYK Color Reference Use the CMYK Color Reference ...

Страница 25: ... If the default Spot Color Matching setting on the Color Server is not the setting that you want to use for printing the PANTONE colors download the file to the Hold queue and then override the Spot Color Matching setting using Command WorkStation For more information about using Command WorkStation see Command WorkStation Help Working with imported objects You can import objects into documents cr...

Страница 26: ...ng The CMYK print options affect all CMYK color data sent by the page layout or illustration application and can also affect RGB data in a page layout application if the Separate RGB Lab to CMYK Source option is enabled If the document contains CMYK objects that were separated for an offset press standard apply the corresponding CMYK source profile For example for objects separated for SWOP choose...

Страница 27: ...en necessary to achieve a specific style of printed output Ensuring color accuracy when you save a file To ensure color accuracy take the following steps When saving CMYK EPS files do not include PostScript color management information This minimizes the risk of conflicting data and multiple color conversions PostScript color management causes your CMYK colors to be interpreted by the Color Server...

Страница 28: ...ver PPD PostScript Printer Description are installed on your computer as described in Printing Specifying color settings The following sections outline the recommended color settings for Photoshop in a Color Server workflow These color settings include Working Spaces Default color spaces used when working with RGB CMYK grayscale and spot colors ICC color profiles describe the gamut and color chara...

Страница 29: ...her than Fewer Options click More Options 2 Choose the desired working space profile for each color mode in the Working Spaces area A working space specifies the color profile for documents that have no color profile associations or documents that are newly created It also defines the color space of a document converted to RGB CMYK or Grayscale color modes and the spot colors in a document ...

Страница 30: ...cifying the Gray working space see the documentation that accompanies Photoshop 3 In the Color Management Policies area choose Preserve Embedded Profiles from the RGB CMYK and Gray menus 4 Select the following options Profile Mismatches Ask When Opening Ask When Pasting Missing Profiles Ask When Opening These options allow you to override the color management policies when opening documents or imp...

Страница 31: ...to apply the settings and close the Color Settings dialog box Saving files from Photoshop Before saving a file from Photoshop perform any necessary rotating cropping and resizing This speeds processing when printing from the application in which the object is placed When saving a document you have the option to embed a color profile in the document If you will send the document to the Color Server...

Страница 32: ...HOTOSHOP 1 Choose Save As from the File menu The Save As dialog box appears 2 Specify settings in the Save As dialog box Browse to a location for the document Specify a file name and format Clear the ICC Profile option Windows or Embed Color Profile option Mac OS ...

Страница 33: ...tion or Include Halftone Screen NOTE If you choose JPEG encoding save a backup of the original object with Binary encoding until you see the printed results of the JPEG file Occasionally the compression used for JPEG encoding produces unwanted artifacts If you see unexpected results in the printed output of a JPEG file revert to Binary encoding If you experience problems printing the document in w...

Страница 34: ...in color management When you print a CMYK object you can print composites or color separations NOTE Make sure that the Color Server Combine Separations print option is set to Off To print separations use the Separation option in the Photoshop pane of the print dialog box For instructions see the documentation that accompanies Photoshop TO PRINT OBJECTS FROM PHOTOSHOP 1 Choose Print or Print with P...

Страница 35: ...hoose Color Management 5 Choose No Color Management from the Color Handling menu to specify the color space for printing the object Photoshop does not convert object data to another color space before sending it to the Color Server 6 Click Print The operating system Print dialog box appears 7 Windows Click Preferences and then click the Fiery Printing tab in the dialog box that appears 8 Select th...

Страница 36: ...e when you print This applies when you print directly from Photoshop or when the same RGB EPS file is output from another application To override the embedded profile in an EPS file using an RGB source profile on the Color Server choose anything except None as the Color Server RGB source profile Printing RGB objects with Photoshop PostScript color management If you select an RGB color space and de...

Страница 37: ...Separate RGB Lab to CMYK Source option is enabled the CMYK object is printed according to all specified CMYK Grayscale Source and CMYK Processing Method settings If the Separate RGB Lab to CMYK Source option is not enabled the CMYK object is converted to the CMYK color space of the selected output profile Setting the Color Server print option Spot Color Matching to On has an effect only if you use...

Страница 38: ...he Mac OS version of each application unless otherwise specified Before using these applications install the RGB source profile and the CMYK source profile or output profile that you will use when printing to the Color Server For more information about transferring profiles to or from the Color Server see Command WorkStation Help Before printing from these applications make sure that the appropria...

Страница 39: ...n CS3 with the Color Server InDesign color settings When using ColorWise color management turn off the InDesign color management features TO DISABLE INDESIGN COLOR MANAGEMENT 1 Choose Color Settings from the Edit menu The Color Settings dialog box appears 2 Select Advanced Mode In Advanced Mode a more extensive list of options is displayed ...

Страница 40: ...ents or importing color data We recommend that you use these settings so that you are notified before any application color management is applied 6 In the Conversion Options area choose settings for converting between color spaces Choose Adobe ACE from the Engine menu to use the built in color management engine for InDesign Choose a rendering intent from the Intent menu that will optimize the colo...

Страница 41: ...bjects on page 25 Disable InDesign color management when placing objects in a document TO DISABLE INDESIGN COLOR MANAGEMENT WHEN IMPORTING OBJECTS 1 Choose Place from the File menu The Place dialog box appears 2 Select the Show Import Options option 3 Select the file that you want to import and click Open 4 Click the Color tab 5 Choose Use Document Default from the Profile menu 6 Choose Use Docume...

Страница 42: ...ce to select print options from InDesign TO SET PRINT OPTIONS FROM INDESIGN 1 Choose Print from the File menu 2 Choose the Color Server device name from the Printer menu 3 Select Output Output options appear 4 Choose Composite Leave Unchanged from the Color menu 1 Choose the device name 2 Select Output 3 Choose Color setting 1 2 3 ...

Страница 43: ...ptions appear 6 Choose Level 3 from the PostScript menu If you encounter problems you can also use Level 2 7 Select Color Management Color management options appear 1 Select Graphics 2 Choose PostScript setting 1 2 1 Select Color Management 2 Choose Color Handling setting 1 2 ...

Страница 44: ... at the bottom of the dialog box The operating system Print dialog box appears 10 Windows Click Preferences and then click the Fiery Printing tab in the dialog box that appears 11 Select the desired print options For information about setting ColorWise print options see Color Printing 12 Windows Click OK 13 Click Print and then click Print again ...

Страница 45: ...ctions in Working with imported objects on page 25 Selecting options when printing The following procedure provides instructions on printing files to the Color Server TO SET PRINT OPTIONS IN QUARKXPRESS 1 Choose Print from the File menu 2 Choose the Color Server device from the Printer menu 3 Choose the Color Server PPD from the PPD menu 1 Choose the Color Server 2 Choose PPD for the Color Server ...

Страница 46: ...interface for the Color Server appears 9 If the document contains spot colors choose the appropriate Spot Color Matching setting 10 Select the desired print options and then click OK For information about setting ColorWise print options see Color Printing 11 Click Print Optional color management from QuarkXPress If you have color management requirements that are not offered by ColorWise such as ma...

Страница 47: ...y the application Before using these applications install the RGB source profile and CMYK source profile or output profile that you will use when printing to the Color Server For more information about transferring profiles to or from the Color Server see Command WorkStation Help Before printing from these applications make sure that the appropriate printer driver and Color Server PPD PostScript P...

Страница 48: ... color spaces to use when working with RGB and CMYK documents ICC color profiles describe the gamut and color characteristics of these working spaces Color management policies Instructions that tell Illustrator what to do when it encounters color data from a color space other than the specified working space The following procedure outlines the recommended color settings for Illustrator in a Color...

Страница 49: ...e color management policies when opening documents or importing color data We recommend that you use these settings so that you are notified before any application color management is applied 6 In the Conversion Options area choose settings for converting between color spaces Choose Adobe ACE from the Engine menu to use the built in color management engine for Illustrator Choose a rendering intent...

Страница 50: ...from the Illustrator file is rasterized into bitmap or raster format in Photoshop and the final color space of the bitmap data is determined by the color mode that you set in Photoshop Specifying print options The following procedure explains how to set print options when printing a document from Illustrator to the Color Server TO SET PRINT OPTIONS IN ILLUSTRATOR 1 Choose Print from the File menu ...

Страница 51: ...ION APPLICATIONS 51 5 Make sure that the Printer Profile setting matches the displayed Document Profile setting 6 Select Output Output options appear 7 Choose Composite from the Mode menu 1 Select Output 2 Choose Mode setting 1 2 ...

Страница 52: ...iery Printing tab in the dialog box that appears 12 If necessary click ColorWise and select RGB print settings Specify these settings only if your CMYK document contains placed RGB objects In all other cases colors remain unaffected by the settings 13 If the document contains spot colors choose the appropriate Spot Color Matching setting 14 Select the desired print options For information about se...

Страница 53: ...ning colors Any colors defined in CorelDRAW X3 are sent to the device in CMYK even those colors defined using other color models For best results use the color definition methods described in Color matching with PostScript applications on page 24 You can control the conversion of RGB colors defined in CorelDRAW by specifying settings in the Color Management dialog box To display the Color Manageme...

Страница 54: ...ect on color output of artwork saved with CorelDRAW and imported into other kinds of documents In the case of CorelDRAW files imported into Photoshop however vector data from the CorelDRAW file is rasterized into bitmaps in Photoshop and the final color space of the bitmap data is determined by the color mode that you set in Photoshop Specifying print options This section explains how to set print...

Страница 55: ...settings for your device With the exception of placed RGB objects these settings have no effect on colors printed with CorelDRAW 7 If the document contains spot colors choose the appropriate Spot Color Matching setting 8 Click OK and then click Print to print the document Optional color management in CorelDRAW If you have color management requirements that are not offered by ColorWise such as mana...

Страница 56: ... Acrobat unless otherwise specified Before using Acrobat install the RGB source profile and CMYK source profile or output profile that you will use when printing to the Color Server For more information about transferring profiles to or from the Color Server see Command WorkStation Help Before printing from Acrobat make sure that the appropriate printer driver and the Color Server PostScript print...

Страница 57: ... default RGB color space used by the Color Server for example Fiery RGB or EFIRGB For CMYK choose a profile that describes your target press such as SWOP DIC or Japan Color if you are a prepress user If you are a user who prints final output choose an output profile that describes the device connected to the Color Server To use a device specific output profile you must copy the profile from the Co...

Страница 58: ...elect print options from Acrobat TO PRINT A PDF DOCUMENT FROM ACROBAT 1 Choose Print from the File menu The Print dialog box appears 2 Choose the Color Server device from the Name menu Windows or Printer menu Mac OS 3 Windows Clear the Print color as black option 4 Click Advanced 1 Select Color Server 2 Clear Print color as black 1 2 ...

Страница 59: ...e as Source No Color Management from the Color Profile list Acrobat does not convert object data to another color space before sending it to the Color Server 7 Click OK and then click OK again Windows or click Print Mac OS 1 Select Output 2 Choose Color Profile 1 2 ...

Страница 60: ...heory and digital color printing proceed to Optimizing files for processing and printing on page 73 for information about optimizing files for printing The properties of color This section introduces concepts that are basic to color theory You will encounter some of these concepts such as hue saturation and brightness when you work with color in applications others provide useful background inform...

Страница 61: ...sun most light sources we encounter in our daily environment emit a mixture of light wavelengths although the particular distribution of wavelengths can vary considerably Light from a tungsten light bulb for example contains much less blue light than sunlight Tungsten light appears white to the human eye which up to a point can adjust to the different light sources However color objects appear dif...

Страница 62: ...ral colors in different proportions we can create all the colors found on the straight line drawn between them in the diagram It is possible to create the same gray by mixing blue green and red light or by mixing yellow green and blue violet light This is possible because of a phenomenon peculiar to color vision called metamerism The eye does not distinguish individual wavelengths of light Therefo...

Страница 63: ...dd the brightness component as illustrated in the following figure Many computer applications include dialog boxes in which you choose colors by manipulating hue saturation and brightness For example some applications use a color picker that can be reconfigured according to your preference as illustrated in the following figure Brightness Saturation Hue ...

Страница 64: ...g the Color Server and offset presses are based on the subtractive color model Additive RGB color Color devices that use the additive color model create a range of colors by combining varying amounts of red green and blue light These colors are called the additive primaries illustrated in the following figure White is created by adding the maximum amount of red green and blue light available Black...

Страница 65: ...ough colored filters Subtractive CMY and CMYK color The subtractive color model is the basis for color printing color photographic prints and transparencies While the additive color model simulates the visible spectrum of color by adding light of three primary hues the subtractive color model starts with a white or neutral light source containing light of many wavelengths Inks toners or other colo...

Страница 66: ...n and blue light respectively White occurs when no colorant is applied In theory combining all three subtractive primaries yields black but due to deficiencies of cyan magenta and yellow colorants combining these three primaries actually yields a muddy brown Black colorant is added to compensate for the deficiencies of cyan magenta and yellow colorants Consequently color printing uses four process...

Страница 67: ...speed with high quality results It provides these color management features automatically using either built in default settings or settings you select for a particular print job For added flexibility you can also use the Color Server color management system in combination with the color management systems on Windows and Mac OS computers Printing techniques Until recently most color printing was d...

Страница 68: ...vices They do not use traditional halftone patterns and angles Contone devices are capable of varying the intensity of individual dots Even if your color printing is done exclusively on the Color Server you will encounter concepts from offset printing if you use high end graphics applications For example color controls in illustration applications such as Adobe Illustrator are geared toward specif...

Страница 69: ...hromatic materials Consider the tastes of your target audience when choosing colors Keep a file of printed color pieces that appeal to you or strike you as effective Refer to it for ideas when designing your own documents Color wheel A color wheel like the one in the following figure is a helpful tool for understanding the interrelation of colors The colors on one side of the color wheel from mage...

Страница 70: ...arker or lighter creates a wealth of possibilities Taking a pair of complements from the color wheel and varying the saturation and brightness of one or both colors produces a very different result from the pure complements Combining a light tint of a warm color with a darker shade of its cooler complement often gives pleasing results Combining a darker shade of a warm color with a light tint of i...

Страница 71: ...onfused appearance and is hard to read However using a single highlight color is an effective way to draw the reader s eye to selected words For color text samples see the following figure When using color text keep in mind that small font sizes typically do not print in color with the same sharpness as in black In most applications black text prints exclusively in black toner while color text usu...

Страница 72: ...tion per pixel Grayscale images require 8 bits per pixel For photographic quality color 24 bits of RGB color information are required per pixel yielding 256 levels of red green and blue For CMYK images 32 bits per pixel are required When printing raster artwork the quality of the output depends on the resolution of the source raster If the raster resolution is too low individual pixels become visi...

Страница 73: ... determine its file size The following table shows the file sizes of color raster images at different dimensions and resolutions In this table the shaded areas indicate that 200 ppi is typically the best trade off between image quality and file size However higher resolutions for example 250 to 300 ppi may be necessary for offset printing when quality is of the utmost importance or for images cont...

Страница 74: ...orrect for the printer there is no quality advantage to be gained by scaling an image to a percentage of its actual size If you scale a large image to a percentage of its actual size you incur unnecessary file transfer time because the image data for the entire large image is sent to the printer If an image is placed multiple times at markedly different sizes in a document save a separate version ...

Страница 75: ...4 Lawler Brian P Adobe Print Publishing Guide Second Edition Adobe Press 2006 Margulis Dan Professional Photoshop The Classic Guide to Color Correction Fifth Edition Berkeley Peachpit Press 2006 Miller Marc D and Zaucha Randy The Color Mac Second Edition Hayden Books 1995 Out of print The Color Guide and Glossary Communication measurement and control for Digital Imaging and Graphic Arts X Rite Inc...

Страница 76: ......

Страница 77: ...sed by limitations in the input or output process hardware or software a blemish or error B banding Visible steps between shades in a color gradient bit depth Amount of information used for each pixel in a raster image Black and white images require only one bit per pixel Grayscale images with 256 shades of gray require 8 bits or 1 byte per pixel Photographic quality color images can require 24 bi...

Страница 78: ...de l Eclairage is an organization devoted to international cooperation and exchange of information among its member countries on all matters relating to the science and art of lighting The CIE developed mathematical models to quantify light sources objects and observers as a function of wavelength which led to the development of a basic color space for plotting colors CIEbased colors A ABC DEF DEF...

Страница 79: ... blue in an image RGB and CMYK color spaces correspond to color devices monitors and printers respectively Other color spaces such as CIE Lab are based on mathematical models and are device independent that is not based on the color response of a particular device See gamut colorant An ink dye toner paint or other pigment that modifies the color of media to which it is applied ColorWise See ColorW...

Страница 80: ...ruMatch are examples of custom color systems D DCS Desktop Color Separation A data file standard that assists in making color separations with desktop publishing systems Five files are created four color files one each for C M Y and K and a composite color preview file of the color image DCS allows an image editing application to perform color separation and pass it through to final output with it...

Страница 81: ...ge plates Flexography can be used to print on non flat materials such as cans four color printer A printing device that uses cyan magenta yellow and black ink or toner G gamma A numeric value representing the relationship gamma curve between the input and output values of a color device If gamma equals 1 input values are mapped exactly to output values gamut A range of colors A device gamut is the...

Страница 82: ... cylinder that has been immersed in ink The ink that remains in the etched areas is applied to the paper The non etched surfaces of the cylinder are non printing areas gray component replacement GCR A method for improving wet ink trapping and reducing ink costs in process color printing In shadow midtone and quarter tone areas where all three process colors C M Y overprint the gray components of t...

Страница 83: ...ed by the Joint Photographic Experts Group committee of International Standards Organization ISO a standard for digital compression of still image graphic data L Lab A uniform device independent color space in which colors are located within a three dimensional rectangular coordinate system The three dimensions are lightness L redness greenness a and yellowness blueness b Also referred to as L a b...

Страница 84: ...defines the expected density response of the print device P PANTONE System One of the best known color specification systems used by designers and printers to communicate color Available in Coated Uncoated and Matte each swatch book contains a series of colors that can be referenced based on the assigned PANTONE notation PDF Portable Document Format An open file format specification that describes...

Страница 85: ... job goes to press presentation graphics rendering A color rendering intent that creates saturated colors but does not match printed colors precisely to displayed colors It is appropriate for bright saturated colors used in illustrations and graphs process colors The colors used in printing to simulate full spectrum color images Cyan Magenta Yellow blacK CMYK profile Systematically describes how a...

Страница 86: ...ng scanners and color monitors source profile A file used by a color management system to determine the characteristics of the color values specified in a source digital image spectral light The wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a given light source that can be seen by the human eye spectrophotometer An instrument commonly used in the graphic arts industry to measure spectral lig...

Страница 87: ...ges between applications trapping Printing technique in which some objects are printed slightly larger or smaller than you have specified in an application in order to prevent white edges around these objects U undercolor removal UCR A method for improving wet ink trapping and reducing ink costs in process color printing In shadow areas where all three process colors C M Y overprint the amounts of...

Страница 88: ......

Страница 89: ... custom color systems 23 HSB model 23 62 HSL model 19 23 HSV model 19 physics of 61 process colors 68 properties of 60 reference pages 11 RGB model 19 23 split complements 70 subtractive model 64 65 subtractive primaries 66 text 71 theory 60 triads 70 using effectively 68 to 71 wheel 69 color management Acrobat 57 basics 8 to 9 ColorWise 10 CorelDRAW 53 Illustrator 48 InDesign 39 monitor 18 Photos...

Страница 90: ...with user software 9 ICC standard for color management systems 8 illustration applications 47 Illustrator 23 47 InDesign 39 to 44 International Color Consortium 8 J JPEG 33 35 36 L light 61 to 62 line art see vector graphics M metamerism 62 Microsoft Excel see Microsoft Office Microsoft Office 19 to 22 Microsoft PowerPoint see Microsoft Office Microsoft Word see Microsoft Office misregistration of...

Страница 91: ...ent 19 bypassing 21 26 RGB color model 19 23 RGB Color Reference 11 20 RGB EPS 36 RGB source color space see source color space S saturation 60 62 scaling of raster images 74 scanners 64 65 screens used in halftoning 68 Separations printing with Photoshop 34 short run printing 17 source color space 9 spectral colors 62 spectral components of light 61 62 split complements 70 Spot Color Matching opt...

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