Extreme Networks ExtremeWare 7.2e, Инструкция по установке и эксплуатации

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206 ExtremeWare 7.2e Installation and User Guide
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
The Protocol migration timer is neither user-configurable nor derived; it has a set value of 3 seconds.
The timer starts when a port transitions from STP (802.1d) mode to RSTP (802.1w) mode and vice versa.
This timer must expire before further mode transitions can occur.
RSTP Operation
In an RSTP environment, there are two bridges on a point-to-point link LAN segment. A switch that
considers itself the unique, designated bridge for the attached LAN segment sends a “propose” message
to the other bridge to request a confirmation of its role. The other bridge on that LAN segment replies
with an “agree” message if they agree with the proposal. The receiving bridge immediately moves its
designated port into the forwarding state.
Before a bridge replies with an “agree” message, it reverts all of its designated ports into the blocking
state. This introduces a temporary partition into the network. The bridge then sends another “propose”
message on all of its designated ports for further confirmation. Since all of the connections are blocked,
the bridge immediately sends an “agree” message to unblock the proposing port without having to wait
for further confirmations to come back or without the worry of temporary loops.
Beginning with the root bridge, each bridge in the network engages in the exchange of “propose” and
“agree” messages until they reach the edge ports. Edge ports connect to non-STP devices and do not
participate in RSTP. Their role does not need to be confirmed. If an edge port receives a BPDU, it enters
an inconsistency state. An inconsistency state puts the edge port into the blocking state and starts the
message age timer. Every time the edge port receives a BPDU, the message age timer restarts. The edge
port remains in the blocking state until no further BPDUs are received and the message age timer
expires.
RSTP attempts to transition root ports and designated ports to the forwarding state and alternate ports
and backup ports to the blocking state as rapidly as possible.
A port transitions to the forwarding state if any of the following is true. The port:
• Has been in either a root or designated port role long enough that the spanning tree information
supporting this role assignment has reached all of the bridges in the network.
NOTE
RSTP is backward compatible with STP, so if a port does not move to the forwarding state with any
of the RSTP rapid transition rules, a forward delay timer starts and STP behavior takes over.
• Is now a root port and no other ports have a recent role assignment that contradicts with its root
port role.
Hold A port uses the hold timer to restrict the rate that successive BPDUs can be sent.
The default value is the same as the value for the bridge hello timer.
Recent backup The timer starts when a port leaves the backup role. When this timer is running, the
port cannot become a root port. The default value is double the hello time
(4 seconds).
Recent root The timer starts when a port leaves the root port role. When this timer is running,
another port cannot become a root port unless the associated port is put into the
blocking state. The default value is the same as the forward delay time.
Table 39: Derived timers (Continued)
Timer Description