60
158004.B00
5
Now the DEVICE=FTP3AMD.SYS entry should be removed from the
CONFIG.SYS file on the boot disk. Note that the FTP3AMD.SYS device driver
is only used for formatting the Flash File System.
6
Once the Flash disk has been formatted the user can use the DOS SYS
command to place DOS on the Flash disk. (Note this step is optional, but the
operating system must be added if the Flash disk is to be the boot disk). To
copy the MS-DOS operating system to the Flash Disk type:
SYS
C:
7
At this point the TP400 can be re-booted. If all has gone well the Flash File
System BIOS Extension will print a sign-on message and the TP400 will boot
DOS from the Flash disk.
In a system without hard disk drives the Flash disk will be allocated the drive letter C:.
It will be the boot disk (provided that the boot sequence in the Setup utility has C:
selected as the boot disk). If IDE drives are included in the system then the Flash
disk can be allocated either the C: drive letter, or the drive letter following the last IDE
drive. This allows the IDE drive or the FFS to be the boot drive. This selection is
made in the Setup program, Main menu.
The FFS implements a wear-leveling algorithm, to ensure that all parts of the Flash
chip are equally used.
The Flash File System automatically adjusts for the amount of Flash memory fitted
(one or two chips, 2M bytes or 4M bytes each).
6.6.3 Write Operations and Garbage Collection
Writes to the Flash disk take longer than reads. This is due to the time taken by the
Flash memory chip itself to write data into its memory cells.
When files are deleted the FFS driver does not immediately erase the corresponding
Flash memory. Instead, it marks that memory as being “garbage”, and when the
Flash memory approaches its capacity the FFS performs a garbage collection
process, in which data which is still required is copied into a spare 64k byte sector,
freeing another sector to be erased. The nature of the Flash memory is that it can
only be erased in 64k byte sectors. The FFS driver thus has the task of allocating
logical disk sectors to physical areas of Flash memory.
As a consequence of the garbage collection process, some writes will take longer
than others, if they force the FFS to perform its garbage collection operation. This
garbage collection process during Flash writes can increase write time by as much as
sixty percent, as the number of garbage areas grow. This is described in detail on the
Datalight Web site, at http://www.datalight.com/wp-flashfx-perform.htm.
The TP400 Utilities Disk contains a garbage collection utility called FXRECLM.EXE.
This utility can be used to force the FlashFX FFS to perform a garbage collection
operation at any time, when executed. Placing an appropriate entry in autoexec.bat
would force garbage collection each time the TP400 boots, helping to keep the flash
array performance higher than normal.
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