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Shunt Trip (Option) —
The function of the shunt trip
option on the PIC II is to act as a safety trip. The shunt trip
is wired from an output on the ISM to a shunt trip equipped
motor circuit breaker. If the PIC II tries to shut down the
compressor using a normal shutdown procedure but is un-
successful for 30 seconds, the shunt trip output is energized
and causes the circuit breaker to trip off. If ground fault pro-
tection has been applied to the starter, the ground fault trip
also energizes the shunt trip to trip the circuit breaker. Pro-
tective devices in the starter can also energize the shunt trip.
The shunt trip feature can be tested using the Control Test
feature.
Default Screen Freeze —
When the chiller is in an
alarm state, the default CVC display ‘‘freezes,’’ that is, it
stops updating. The first line of the CVC default screen dis-
plays a primary alarm message; the second line displays a
secondary alarm message.
The CVC default screen freezes to enable the operator to
see the conditions of the chiller at the time of the alarm. If
the value in alarm is one normally displayed on the default
screen, it flashes between normal and reverse video. The CVC
default screen remains frozen until the condition that caused
the alarm is remedied by the operator.
Knowledge of the operating state of the chiller at the time
an alarm occurs is useful when troubleshooting. Additional
chiller information can be viewed on the status screens and
the ISM_HIST screen. Troubleshooting information is re-
corded in the ALARM HISTORY table, which can be ac-
cessed from the SERVICE menu.
To determine what caused the alarm, the operator should
read both the primary and secondary default screen mes-
sages, as well as the alarm history. The primary message
indicates the most recent alarm condition. The secondary mes-
sage gives more detail on the alarm condition. Since there
may be more than one alarm condition, another alarm mes-
sage may appear after the first condition is cleared. Check
the ALARM HISTORY screen for additional help in deter-
mining the reasons for the alarms. Once all existing alarms
are cleared (by pressing the RESET softkey), the default
CVC display returns to normal operation.
Ramp Loading —
The ramp loading control slows down
the rate at which the compressor loads up. This control can
prevent the compressor from loading up during the short pe-
riod of time when the chiller is started and the chilled water
loop has to be brought down to CONTROL POINT. This helps
reduce electrical demand charges by slowly bringing the chilled
water to CONTROL POINT. The total power draw during
this period remains almost unchanged.
There are two methods of ramp loading with the PIC II.
Ramp loading can be based on chilled water temperature or
on motor load. Either method is selected from the
RAMP__DEM screen.
1. Temperature ramp loading (TEMP PULLDOWN DEG/
MIN) limits the degrees per minute rate at which either
leaving chilled water or entering chilled water tempera-
ture decreases. This rate is configured by the operator on
the TEMP_CTL screen. The lowest temperature ramp rate
will also be used if chiller power has been off for 3 hours
or more (even if the motor ramp load is selected as the
ramp loading method.
2. Motor load ramp loading (LOAD PULLDOWN) limits the
degrees per minute rate at which the compressor motor
current or compressor motor load increases. The LOAD
PULLDOWN rate is configured by the operator on the
RAMP_DEM screen in amps or kilowatts.
If kilowatts is selected for the DEMAND LIMIT SOURCE,
the MOTOR RATED KILOWATTS must be entered (infor-
mation found on the chiller Requisition form).
The TEMP PULLDOWN DEG/MIN may be viewed or modi-
fied on the TEMP_CTL screen which is accessed from the
EQUIPMENT SERVICE screen. PULLDOWN RAMP TYPE,
DEMAND LIMIT SOURCE, and MOTOR LOAD RAMP
%/MIN may be viewed or modified on the RAMP_DEM screen.
Capacity Override (Table 4) —
Capacity overrides
can prevent some safety shutdowns caused by exceeding the
motor amperage limit, refrigerant low temperature safety limit,
motor high temperature safety limit, and condenser high pres-
sure limit. In all cases there are 2 stages of compressor vane
control.
1. The vanes are prevented from opening further, and
the status line on the CVC indicates the reason for the
override.
2. The vanes are closed until the condition decreases to be-
low the first step set point. Then the vanes are released to
normal capacity control.
Whenever the motor current demand limit set point
(ACTIVE DEMAND LIMIT) is reached, it activates a capac-
ity override, again, with a 2-step process. Exceeding 110%
of the rated load amps for more than 30 seconds will initiate
a safety shutdown.
The compressor high lift (surge prevention) set point will
cause a capacity override as well. When the surge preven-
tion set point is reached, the controller normally will only
prevent the guide vanes from opening. If so equipped, the
hot gas bypass valve will open instead of holding the vanes.
See the Surge Prevention Algorithm section, page 38.
High Discharge Temperature Control —
If the dis-
charge temperature increases above 160 F (71.1 C), the guide
vanes are proportionally opened to increase gas flow through
the compressor. If the leaving chilled water temperature is
then brought 5° F (2.8° C) below the control set point tem-
perature, the PIC II will bring the chiller into the recycle
mode.
Oil Sump Temperature Control —
The oil sump tem-
perature control is regulated by the PIC II, which uses the
oil heater relay when the chiller is shut down.
As part of the pre-start checks executed by the controls,
the oil sump temperature (OIL SUMP TEMP) is compared
to the cooler refrigerant temperature (EVAPORATOR
REFRIG TEMP). If the difference between these 2 tempera-
tures is 50 F (27.8 C) or less, the start-up will be delayed
until the oil temperature is 50 F (27.8 C) or more. Once this
temperature is confirmed, the start-up continues.
The oil heater relay is energized whenever the chiller com-
pressor is off and the oil sump temperature is less than
140 F (60.0 C) or the oil sump temperature is less than
the cooler refrigerant temperature plus 53° F (11.7° C). The
oil heater is turned off when the oil sump temperature is
either
• more than 152 F (66.7 C), or
• more than 142 F (61.1 C) and more than the cooler
refrigerant temperature plus 55° F (12.8° C).
The oil heater is always off during start-up or when the
compressor is running.
The oil pump is also energized during the time the oil
is being heated (for 60 seconds at the end of every
30 minutes).
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