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BST-GFL31 User Manual

6

Bottom

Top for current detector

Fig 1.6.3

Standard signal receiver could be operated by touch screen, keypad or quick navigation keys at side.
After switching on the unit, you will see the main functions including ground fault location, frequency
spectrum analysis, oscilloscope and system setting. We will introduce these functions in detail in the
following context.

Current Detector

:

Fig 1.6.3.1 Fig 1.6.3.2 Current detectors

Signal receiver main body will be connected with one pair of dual-range current detector like Fig 1.6.3.1.
BESANTEK’s innovative designing of dual-range current detector (CT) has 2 different sizes of opening
jaw (8*12mm and 30*65mm). Depending on different size of wire or conductors, you could selectively
clamp with either size of jaw which have the same effect.

Also, with one pair of current detectors working at the same time in the circuit, BST-GFL31 will have
strong capability for anti-interference. Therefore, it could check ground fault effectively even when
system is online without switching off the DC system.
Each current detector has labels of arrow mark at both sides. The arrow marks are used for current
direction indication during ground fault location. For detailed operation instruction of dual-range current
detector, please refer to Section “2.5 Signal Tracing with Signal Receiver”.

1.7 Basic Concepts

1.7.1 About Faulty Grounding

AC or DC power systems are generally insulated to the ground in railway electric works, power
substation, telecom base station and the alike. There are also clear and strict rules for insulating
resistance in different voltage levels of AC or DC power systems.
And it is generally considered as the phenomenon of faulty “Grounding” when grounding resistance of

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Содержание BST-GFL31

Страница 1: ...BESANTEK BST GFL31 Ground Fault Locator User Manual P 140313 V1 5 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 TestEquipmentDepot com ...

Страница 2: ...tion 8 2 2 Operation Preparation 9 2 3 Wire connection with DC System 9 2 4 Set Generator Output Signal 10 2 4 1 Measurement of Circuit 10 2 4 2 Output Signal Adjustment 11 2 4 3 Output Signal to Circuit for Fault Location 12 2 4 4 Return Circuit for Fault Location 13 2 5 Signal Tracing with Signal Receiver 13 2 5 1 Frequency Synchronization 13 2 5 2 Set Signal Reference 14 2 5 3 How to Locate Gro...

Страница 3: ...tting 23 3 1 3 Firmware Version 24 3 2 Signal Receiver Functions and Settings 24 3 2 1 Frequency Spectrum Analysis 24 3 2 2 Oscilloscope 26 3 2 3 System Setting 26 4 SERVICE MAINTENANCE 28 4 1 Self Check 28 4 2 FAQ 29 4 3 Cleaning Storage 30 4 3 1 Cleaning 30 4 3 2 Storage 30 5 CONTACT BESANTEK 30 ...

Страница 4: ...ce or correct operation of the instrument Operating Precautions To avoid electrical shock or fire read these precautions first before using the locator Except as explained in this manual do not attempt to service this equipment yourself Do not operate the equipment around explosive gas or vapor Only use BESANTEK s testing leads and other relative accessories with the locator Before use inspect the...

Страница 5: ...0V 500V and 1000V This will meet requirement for various electric circuit of different voltage levels without interference to the circuit Output current of signal generator 5mA and unlimited current limited power with max output current of 30mA It is selected as per different systems preventing from incorrect operation of circuit relay Output frequency of signal generator Standard 10Hz and with op...

Страница 6: ......

Страница 7: ... 6 Standard signal receiver Signal receiver 1 7 Dual range current detector 2 One pair dual range φ8 and φ20 With 150cm long lead 8 Power adaptor 1 Input AC110V 220V Output 8 4VDC 300mA 9 User manual 1 This manual 10 USB drive 1 With backup firmware software and user manual 11 Qualification certificate 1 1 6 2 BST GFL31 Main Body Below is picture of BST GFL31 main body and functionality of each pa...

Страница 8: ...function Use the arrow keys to highlight each and press ENT to confirm the selection or press Esc to go back Main body function and setting will be introduced in detail in this manual later Fig 1 6 2 2 1 6 3 Signal Receiver All standard units will come with standard signal receiver and one pair of dual range current detector Signal Receiver Main Body Back Side ...

Страница 9: ... of jaw which have the same effect Also with one pair of current detectors working at the same time in the circuit BST GFL31 will have strong capability for anti interference Therefore it could check ground fault effectively even when system is online without switching off the DC system Each current detector has labels of arrow mark at both sides The arrow marks are used for current direction indi...

Страница 10: ... until more points have the same problem it may damage electronic circuit or equipments Therefore unwanted grounding of electronic circuit is very big hidden danger Therefore a fast detection of ground fault will be very necessary before small problem becomes big accident 1 7 2 Wire Mix connection Sometimes two or more groups of power systems are working simultaneously and normally they are insula...

Страница 11: ...ngle we will fast locate the ground fault For detailed ways to pinpoint the faulty grounding we will introduce in Chapter 2 below 2 MAIN OPERATION OF BST GFL31 2 1 General Steps for Fault Location For ground fault location we will generally follow these steps 1 Measurement preparation Familiarize with the wiring structure of DC system and judge which line has faulty grounding It is very important ...

Страница 12: ...th absolute values should be equal around half of nominal voltage If one of the voltage values is lower this busbar should have faulty grounding B AC circuit Switch the multi meter to AC voltage testing mode and respectively test the voltage value between each power line phase line and null line and ground Normally both absolute values should be the same If one of the voltage values is lower that ...

Страница 13: ...2 4 1 1 Use arrow key to highlight Ground Fault and press ENT to select it You will go to the next screen for output signal setting like Fig 2 4 1 2 Fig 2 4 1 1 Fig 2 4 1 2 You will need to set the output voltage and output current Their setting will be Output Voltage Optional among 24V 48V 110V 220V 500V and 1000V Generally the selected output voltage should be same or one level higher than syste...

Страница 14: ...56 200 in Fig 2 4 1 3 above the waveform indicate respectively maximal average and minimal sampling value of voltage and current Note For definition of distributed capacitance and its relationship with resistance and frequency please refer to 2 9 About Distributed Capacitance Fig 2 4 1 3 2 4 2 Output Signal Adjustment The initial measurement gives you a brief idea about the fault signal in the cir...

Страница 15: ...Discontinue which will have 1 second interval Different ways of display is illustrated as diagram in Fig 2 4 3 2 and Fig 2 4 3 3 NOTE For ground fault location please set signal display as Continue Fig 2 4 3 1 Fig 2 4 3 2 continued waveform Fig 2 4 3 3 Discontinued waveform 1000V on the right side of screen Fig 2 4 3 1 indicates the output voltage Numbers on the right column e g 4 and 0 in Fig 2 4...

Страница 16: ...mple of current flow 2 5 Signal Tracing with Signal Receiver After the above setting and measurement on signal generator you could leave the generator alone as long as there is enough power Otherwise connect the AC power adapter during operation Then the signal receiver will take charge of the rest work for signal tracing Note Use the signal receiver for signal tracing ONLY after the signal genera...

Страница 17: ...r BST GFL31 during ground fault location After initial setting for receiving frequency and audio click OK to proceed in the screen like Fig 2 5 2 3 Before reference setting signal strength in the screen can be any number Fig 2 5 2 3 What is reference setting When the signal generator injects a current signal into the DC circuit this current signal can go anywhere and finally outflow to the point o...

Страница 18: ...erator is connected with the DC circuit and injects signal properly in the last screen like Fig 2 5 Take Fig 2 5 2 5 for example after signal injection the signal at the beginning close to red socket on signal generator of red testing lead is strongest If in Fig 2 5 2 6 beginning of black testing lead will have strongest signal In the explanation below we will use the first situation as example Fi...

Страница 19: ...e screen indicate strength of signal in percentage It will increase one column when signal increases by 10 NOTE 1 Only use ONE current clamp for reference setting Do not use two clamps 2 Before setting make sure to set signal as Continue in signal generator Fig 2 5 3 Although you could set the reference for many times please make sure to clamp in the circuit that has current flow before the point ...

Страница 20: ... k l m and n All these branches are connected with loads which has input red line and output black line And you could consider all cabinets in power substation as bigger loads with many smaller loads inside As the earth fault is on positive busbar the signal tracing will follow all the way based on positive busbar We will begin the signal search from the first level During the process of signal tr...

Страница 21: ...n are very weak or almost no signal there In the same way Branch h has stronger signal than all the other branches g i and j in Level 2 Therefore during signal tracing for the earth fault we should always follow the stronger branch 5 Use multi setting of signal reference For details please refer to 2 6 1 Multiple Setting of signal reference Above are just general steps for signal tracing using the...

Страница 22: ...d with the highest signal as shown in Fig 2 6 1 2 compared with Branch g Branch h Fig 2 6 1 2 Branch g 3 Set new reference point Set the new reference point on the branch with the highest signal In this example Branch h was used as the new reference point After setting the reference point to 100 for Branch h the signal from Branch g is now greater than 10 Branch h Fig 2 6 1 3 Branch g ...

Страница 23: ...uency could be used at the same time independently for ground fault location They can have separate setting for reference point which will not affect each other 2 7 Signal Changes in Earth Fault Circuit We have explained in detail on how to pinpoint the ground fault in the previous context Here is further illustration for signal changes in the circuit Supposed that there is ground fault on positiv...

Страница 24: ...lt is same like that of ground fault location The difference is that signal generator injects the current signal in the two lines that are mix connected see Fig 2 8 1 for wiring instruction Then trace the current signal with the signal receiver in the same rules like ground fault location as explained before If both of the two lines are accidentally grounded they are mix connected through the eart...

Страница 25: ...ring structure is complicated in electric circuit Even if the DC circuit is isolated to the ground there could be return circuit when signal generator injects current signal due to existence of distributed capacitance Fig 2 9 is one example C1 and C2 are distributed capacitance before and after ground fault R Fig 2 9 In ground fault location grounding malfunction that we mention is for resistance ...

Страница 26: ...inally out flow to the earth from different points of circuit in the way of distributed capacitance current 3 OTHER SETTINGS OF GENERATOR AND RECEIVER 3 1 Signal Generator Setting 3 1 1 Set Date Time Select Time in main menu you will see the screen as below Please use arrow keys to change date and clock Then click Save to confirm the change Fig 3 1 1 3 1 2 Parameter Setting This enables users to s...

Страница 27: ... drive 2 Connect the USB drive with signal generator and restart the unit 3 Firmware update will be done in around one minute Note If you already have the updated files for signal receiver please first delete them from the root directory 3 2 Signal Receiver Functions and Settings 3 2 1 Frequency Spectrum Analysis Standard signal receiver of BST GFL31 has frequency spectrum analyzing function to te...

Страница 28: ...25 25 2500 About band pass BP filter It is built in the signal receiver to enhance the capability of anti interference When BP filter is turned on the receiver will only sense the centric frequency or frequencies nearby For example in Fig 3 2 1 3 centric frequency is set as 50Hz it can only sense 50Hz and other comparatively strong signals nearby like 30Hz and 70Hz resolution is 5Hz When BP filter...

Страница 29: ...s the waveform when BP filter is ON Channel 2 in red indicates the waveform when BP filter is OFF Channel 3 in green indicates the waveform of synchronization signal ms div Indicates the time ms of each grid in horizontal axle It is selectable for different view mA div Indicates current value mA of each grid in vertical axle It is also selectable 3 2 3 System Setting Click System in main menu you ...

Страница 30: ... lead like Fig 3 2 3 1 1 and keep it still for a while 6 Go to System Setting Freq Synchronization in signal receiver Select the same frequency as that of signal generator and click the button F Sync in the screen below Fig 3 2 3 1 2 and Fig 3 2 3 1 3 Frequency synchronization will be done and saved in 236 seconds Fig 3 2 3 1 1 Fig 3 2 3 1 2 Fig 3 2 3 1 3 3 2 3 2 Signal Receiver Calibration All un...

Страница 31: ...ault location with BST GFL31 please follow the steps below for self check of the equipment 1 To ensure the performance of signal generator and receiver for long time operation please charge them timely 2 Check if signal generator is normal Connect the two testing leads with signal generator and connect the other two ends of leads together short circuit Output voltage of signal generator is set as ...

Страница 32: ...lar frequencies around that interferes the signal Use frequency spectrum analyzing function of signal receiver to test surrounding signals and select the right output frequency 4 Opening jaw of current detector is closed or the jaw has dirt Close the jaw of current detector and clean the clamp jaw 5 Reference value is set when it does not clamp in the circuit that has current flow Clamp the curren...

Страница 33: ...th software cloth clean it again with water and wipe it Do not damage the metal part of the clips to ensure its accurate performance during testing WARNING For your own safety make sure that the main unit and accessories are not working and should be disconnected from the power supply before cleaning 4 3 2 Storage After using BST GFL31 put the main unit and all its accessories into the carrying ca...

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