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Osmosis, Osmotic Pressure,

Reverse Osmosis (RO) Process

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2

3

Before the osmosis

 

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Osmosis is based on a semi-permeable

membrane and a solution; the semi-permeable

membrane consisting of a thin membrane or a

thin film allows some molecules or ions to pass

and does not allow some molecules or ions to

pass. Examples of a membrane include dell

membranes and egg membrane.

The solution is a homogeneous blend of more

than one substance. I.e. it is the distribution of a

substance in anot    her substance

homogeneously with small particles invisible

to the eye. This distribution is called dissolution

and the mixture obtained is called solution.

Generally the substance with less amount in

the mixture is called the solute and the

substance with more amount is called the

solvent. The best solvent among the many

found in nature is water. Water dissolves many

solid, liquid and gaseous substances. Salt water

(sea water) and sugar water (tea) are

well-known solutions.

Many solids exists as dissolved in waters found

in nature. In other words, the water we use is a

solution. The water molecules in this solution

continuously on the move. As the amount of

soluble solids increases, the solid ions occupy

the place of the water molecules. In a water

with high concentration i.e. with more solid

ratio, the number of water molecules is less

than the water with same volume but lower

concentration, as a result, since the number of

moving molecules is less, the thermal internal

energy will be less as well. I.e., the energy of the

solution with low concentration is higher.

When a semi-permeable membrane is placed

between waters with same volume but

different concentrations, while the water

molecules pass through the pores, the solid

particles with a large size cannot pass. Since

there are more water molecules in the water

with low concentration and as a result more

internal energy, more water molecules pass

across the other side. The pass rate depends on

the concentration ratio, temperature and

pressure. The pass continues until the

concentration ratios in both sides are stabilized.

The water level in the high concentration side

increases. This pressure arising from the

potential energy of this rising water column

is stabilized by the Osmotic Pressure. So, the

excess of internal energy in the low

concentration side is stabilized by the potential

energy in the excess of water column in the

high concentration side.

If a pressure equal to the pressure that will be

built up with the excess in the water column is

initially applied to the high concentration side,

Osmosis does not occur. Even, if a pressure

more than this amount is applied, Osmosis is

reversed. Despite its small amount, the water

molecules in the high concentration side

begins passing towards the low concentration

side. This incident created by force of pressure

is called Reverse Osmosis. This incident is

utilized in Reverse Osmosis Systems to separate

the solid substances dissolved in water. The

purpose of water treatment is to have the

water molecules in the high concentration

water (dirty water) pass to the low

concentration side of the water. Osmosis

occurs in the reverse way. In Reverse Osmosis,

osmotic pressure is overcome by applying

pressure and thus the aim is achieved.

Membrane (semi-permeable)

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2-

3-

Low concentration

(high osmotic pressure and high internal energy)
High concentration

(low osmotic pressure and low internal energy)

Solvent (water)

Passage of water molecules through the membrane

Solute (solid particles)

Содержание Cebilon

Страница 1: ...101ME Tested and Certified by NSF International NSF ANSI Standard 58 for the Reduction Claims Specified on the Performans Data Sheet DIGITAL WITH PUMP WITH OUT PUMP User Manual...

Страница 2: ...lease read the entire user manual carefully and keep it as a reference Dear Customer Our manual contains information about the technical and hardware features of three di erent models The appliance yo...

Страница 3: ...E FAUCET REVERSE OSMOSIS RO WATER PURIFICATION SYSTEMS WASTE WATER CONNECTION PRE TESTS POINTS FOR ATTENTION MAINTENANCE FILTER REPLACEMENT PERFORMANCE DATA SHEET FILTER REPLACEMENT PERIODS CEBILON PA...

Страница 4: ...trations while the water molecules pass through the pores the solid particles with a large size cannot pass Since there are more water molecules in the water with low concentration and as a result mor...

Страница 5: ...rane pre ltration processes such as sediment lter carbon lter are carried out to retain the coarse residues and the chlorine used in the water disinfection Components such as these lters used before a...

Страница 6: ...6 8 6 Parts and Functions Figure 2 RO System Diagram Abwasser Waste Water A Cable Connection Colours White Adapter B Red Solenoid Valve C Green Pump D Yellow Low Pressure Switch E Blue High Pressure S...

Страница 7: ...the water clear Automatic Shut o Valve controls the ow of water If the system continues to run after the tank is full the water is wasted as a waste This is an undesirable condition Water should be cu...

Страница 8: ...the waste water is drained Clean Water Faucet is where clean water is taken Pump Adapter is the power supply of the pump it converts the mains voltage to 24 V DC Fields of Use Solenoid Valve controls...

Страница 9: ...ce s tank capacity is 8 litres approximately 2 2 gallons BOX SIZE mm 580x277x450 8 L 100 psi 689 kPa TANK CAPACITY 6 7 psi 40 48 kPa AIR TANK PRESSURE 75 15 gpd 284 47 L day DAILY CAPACITY 85 98 PURIF...

Страница 10: ...form protective membrane solution Install the tube that has flow restrictor on it but not to install the tube that goes to post carbon filter Allow water flow for 2 3 minutes to clear the membrane sol...

Страница 11: ...sser Waste Water 11 8 2 7 6 3 4 5 1 Figure 4 RO Installation Diagram 1 Cebilon 2 Water Inlet Valve 3 Appliance Water Inlet 4 Waste Water Outlet 5 RO Water Outlet Clean Water 6 24 V Input 7 Waste Water...

Страница 12: ...0 mm diameter bore bit Bore bit is attached to the end of the drill and it is set to low speed Water is poured on the ground to be drilled do not drill without water Bend the bore bit as 45 degrees an...

Страница 13: ...1 ME and 101 MD models only If waste water pipe of the sink is not a throat hose but a 40 mm plastic pipe it is mounted in a 3 8 clamp sealing sponge a xed state Figure 7a The ush is drilled from the...

Страница 14: ...r 101 ME model After the lter replacement process is nished the ball valve is opened respectively When water starts to come from the faucet tank valve opens and the faucet is closed Warning Performanc...

Страница 15: ...for 101ME model Tagesvolumen Daily Capacity 75 15gpd 284 47 L day Leistungsrate E ciency Rate 30 93 R ckgewinnungsrate Recycling Rate Arbeitsdruck Operating Pressure min max Arbeitstemp i Operating T...

Страница 16: ...l Valve 1 4 24 351011Z Front Cover 9 351022Z Upper Body Panel 25 356004Z Solenoid Valve 10 351005Z Digital Display Cover 26 346002Z High Pressure Switch 11 356001Z Digital Display 27 346001Z Low Press...

Страница 17: ...he appliance eliminate bendings if any Please consult the service Please consult the service This is not a fault Decrease in clean water is normal during winter Please consult the service Insu cient a...

Страница 18: ...e of GAC lter in gallon As water passes through the appliance the value decreases Figure 11d 3 MODE Shows the life of the 1 micron sediment lter in gallon As water passes through the appliance the val...

Страница 19: ...19...

Страница 20: ...Value SERVICE TELEPHONE PRODUCTSERIALNO Signature Service Personnel Name Surname TDSAfter Filter Replacement TDSBefore Filter Replacement REPLACEDFILTERS Order No FilterReplacement DatePRODUCT SERIALN...

Страница 21: ...WaterTUSValue SERVICE TELEPHONE PRODUCTSERIALNO Signature Service Personnel Name Surname TDSAfter Filter Replacement TDSBefore Filter Replacement REPLACEDFILTERS Order No FilterReplacement DatePRODUCT...

Страница 22: ...or the adapter of the appliance 11 Have you checked the chlorine in the membrane inlet after installation 12 Have you checked clean water waste water ratio 13 Have you selected the throttle based on t...

Страница 23: ...transmitted to the collection points for recycling the electrical and electronic appliances If you dispose of this product correctly you will be contributing to the protection of the nature and human...

Страница 24: ...Sitesi 7 Cad No 14 Beylikd z stanbul Tel 0212 875 35 62 Faks 0212 875 36 64 www iea com tr info iea com tr TDF 583 358015ZEN FOR INFORMATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES Name of the Distributor Company Telep...

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