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These provide an excellent source of dietary fibre but contain lower levels of
gluten than white type 0. This means that wholemeal loaves tend to be smaller
and denser than white ones. In general terms, if you replace half the wholemeal
flour with white type 00 flour, you can prepare a product with the taste of who-
lemeal bread but the texture of white bread.
YEAST
Yeast is a living organism which multiplies in the dough. Given moisture, food
and warmth, the yeast grows and releases carbon dioxide gas. This produces
bubbles which remain trapped in the dough and make it rise.
Of the several types of yeast available, we recommend the use of dry brewer’s
yeast. These are usually sold in sachets and do not need to be previously dis-
solved in water.
You may also find "fast acting" yeast or "yeast for bread-making machines".
These are stronger and can raise the dough 50% faster than the others. Only
use them for the ULTRA FAST programs (5 and 6). Avoid yeasts in tubes or
tubs, as these become less active once opened. Yeast in sachets is very sensi-
tive to moisture, so do not keep it for more than a day once opened.
THE LIQUID INGREDIENT
The liquid ingredient is normally water or milk or a mixture of both. Water
makes a crisper crust. Milk makes the crust softer and the texture more velvety.
There are differing opinions over what the temperature of the water should be.
You can decide for yourself as you become familiar with the appliance.
We recommend the following:
• The water should be at room temperature, neither too hot nor too cold. Nor-
mally cooler water is used for loaves baked slowly, and warmer water for
those baked more quickly.
The ULTRA FAST programs (5 and 6) use warm water (30°C-35°C) to speed
up the process (1 part boiling water to 2 parts tap water). Only fast yeasts can
work at this temperature.
Do not use milk with the timer. It may curdle before the preparation process
begins.
BUTTER/FAT
This intensifies the flavour and makes the bread softer, resulting a higher qua-
lity finished product. It helps to retain moisture, keeping the bread fresh for
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