Application Notes
P44x/EN AP/E33
MiCOM P441/P442 & P444
Page 151/220
Example Minimum Dead Time Calculation
The following circuit breaker and system characteristics are to be used:
•
CB Operating time (Trip coil energised
→
Arc interruption): 50ms (a);
•
CB O Reset time (Trip coil energised
→
Trip mechanism reset): 200ms (b);
•
Protection reset time: < 80ms (c);
•
CB Closing time (Close command
→
Contacts make): 85ms (d).
De-ionising time for 220kV line:
•
280ms (e) for a three phase trip. (560ms for a single pole trip).
The minimum relay dead time setting is the greater of:
(a) + (c)
= 50 + 80
= 130ms, to allow protection reset;
(a) + (e) - (d) = 50 + 280 - 85
= 245ms, to allow de-ionising (three pole);
= 50 + 560 - 85
= 525ms, to allow de-ionising (single pole).
In practice a few additional cycles would be added to allow for tolerances, so 3P Rcl - Dead
Time 1 could be chosen as
≥
300ms, and 1P Rcl - Dead Time 1 could be chosen as
≥
600ms. The overall system dead time is found by adding (d) to the chosen settings, and
then subtracting (a). (This gives 335ms and 635ms respectively here).
4.5.13
Reclaim Timer Setting
A number of factors influence the choice of the reclaim timer, such as;
•
Fault incidence/Past experience - Small reclaim times may be required where there
is a high incidence of recurrent lightning strikes to prevent unnecessary lockout for
transient faults.
•
Spring charging time - For high speed autoreclose the reclaim time may be set
longer than the spring charging time. A minimum reclaim time of >5s may be needed
to allow the CB time to recover after a trip and close before it can perform another trip-
close-trip cycle. This time will depend on the duty (rating) of the CB. For delayed
autoreclose there is no need as the dead time can be extended by an extra CB
healthy check AR Inhibit Wind window time if there is insufficient energy in the CB.
•
Switchgear Maintenance - Excessive operation resulting from short reclaim times can
mean shorter maintenance intervals.
•
The Reclaim Time setting is always set greater than the tZ2 distance zone delay.
Содержание MiCOM P441
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