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All Rights Reserved. Copyright © 2000, Yokogawa Electric Corporation
TI 04L01A01-02E
3.4.5
Network Terminology
LAN (local area network)
Network system which connects computers and peripherals in a limited area of space, such as inside a
building or office, that allows sharing of resources such as files and printers.
WAN (wide area network)
Network that connects devices spread over a wide area. Telephone or leased lines are used to connect
terminals located at far locations, and to connect multiple LANs.
Ethernet
Bus-type LAN (local area network). Jointly developed by XEROX, DEC, and Intel, and was
commercialized in 1980. It is the most developed and widely used LAN. In general, a LAN that uses
CSMA/CD (IEEE802.3) created by IEEE802 is called Ethernet.
10BaseT
LAN interface standardized by IEEE802.3.
Uses an unshielded twisted pair cable (UTP), and an 8-pin modular jack (RJ-45). The segment length
is limited to 100 m. A hub is needed for connecting segments. However, because it is very flexible in
terms of adding devices or altering the layout, it is the most common used type of LAN. The data
transfer rate is 10 Mbps.
CSMA/CD (carrier sense multiple access with collision detection)
This is a type of LAN's MAC (Media Access Control) technology which allows multiple terminals to
use the same transmission line. The station that wishes to transmit data determines whether or not
other communication is taking place, and if the line is available, it starts sending data. Because, all
stations have equal priority in sending data, it is called multiple access. If multiple stations transmit
data at the same time causing a collision, the timing is altered for retransmission.
OSI (open systems interconnection)
Network architecture established by the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). The
network architecture is comprised of various protocols in a model of seven layers of functions.
Protocol
A set of rules that is defined in order to carry out data communications. By complying with the set of
rules, devices of different types can be mutually be connected.
IP (internet protocol)
This is the network layer protocol that is used on the Internet. It is the main protocol in the TCP/IP
protocol suite and performs connectionless packet exchange.
TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)
Set connection for the target host in advance to send/receive data. It secures reliability of data
sending/receiving.
UDP(User Datagram Protocol)
Protocol which does not set connection for the target host.
