Smith-Root LR-24 User Manual Download Page 18

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USER'S MANUAL

BURST OF PULSES

Burst of Pulses is a complex waveform wherein a lower 
frequency waveform is used to turn on and off a higher 
frequency waveform.  The lower frequency is called the 
cycle frequency.  The higher frequency is called the burst 
frequency.  For example, a burst of 3 pulses at 400 Hz 
with a 12% duty cycle and a 40 Hz cycle frequency would 
produce the following output:
A pulse would occur every 2.5 milliseconds, (400 Hz) and 
each pulse would be 0.3 milliseconds wide, (12% of the 
400 Hz).  After the first 3 pulses of the 400 Hz waveform 
the next 7 pulses of this waveform would be skipped.  
Then there would be another 3 pulses of the 400 Hz 12% 
duty cycle waveform.  For this waveform the bursts of 
pulses occur every 25 milliseconds, (40 Hz).  This pattern 
would repeat as long as the switch on the anode pole was 
held down.  For this example, the LR-24 could not output 
more than 10 pulses of the 400 Hz burst because 400 Hz 
is only 10 times the cycle frequency of 40 Hz.
As a second example, if the LR-24 were set to produce 
a burst of 5 pulses at 250 Hz and 10% duty cycle at a 
15 Hz cycle frequency, the waveform would have these 
characteristics:
A pulse would occur every 4 milliseconds, (250 Hz), each 
pulse would be 0.4 milliseconds wide, (10% of the 250 Hz).  
After 5 pulses of the 250 Hz waveform, the next 11 pulses 
of this waveform would be skipped.  Then there would be 
another 5 pulses of the 250 Hz 10% duty cycle waveform.  
For this waveform, the bursts of pulses occur every 67 
milliseconds (15 Hz).  This pattern would repeat as long 
as the switch on the anode pole was held down.  For this 
example, the LR-24 could not put out more than 16 pulses 
of the 250 Hz burst because 250 Hz is only 16.67 times the 
cycle frequency of 15 Hz.  
For more information on setting the burst of pulses, see 
pages 16, 17, and 32. 

SECTION 2: DISPLAY PANEL (CONT.)

SECTION 2

Summary of Contents for LR-24

Page 1: ...ntinues to be the leader in effective safe and reliable technology for fisheries conservation Knowledgeable biologists have depended upon Smith Root equipment since 1964 USER S MANUAL LR 24 ELECTROFIS...

Page 2: ...y Shutdown Switch 19 Quick Release Packframe 19 Flashing Red Light 19 Audio Alarm 20 Anode Switch 20 Tilt Switch 21 Immersion Sensor 21 Anode Out of Water 21 Output Voltage Detector 21 Electronic Circ...

Page 3: ...to a restocking fee and applicable shipping charges The restocking fee is figured at 10 of the purchase price but not less than 20 00 Customers receiving equipment in damaged condition will be referre...

Page 4: ...e An immersion sensor automatically turns the output off if the bottom of the packframe comes into contact with water The anode out of water detector automatically turns off the output if the anode ri...

Page 5: ...rn on the unit Simply pushing down will turn it off 2 KEYPAD Allows the display and modification of many control parameters of the LR 24 3 MENU DISPLAY Displays settings and status of LR 24 4 FLASHING...

Page 6: ...evious status display See DISPLAY PANEL MENU KEY DESCRIPTIONS on page 5 for more information on each key DISPLAY PANEL KEY OVERVIEW The panel has 11 keys that perform a variety of functions The bright...

Page 7: ...ehavior and recovery times not by voltage or current measurements Here are some of the features of the LR 24 10 storage locations for different voltage frequency and duty cycle setups for use at any t...

Page 8: ...eatures under Temperature Sensors on page 22 for a description of operating temperatures parameters Refer to System Menu 4 on page 11 for an explanation of Thermal Power Foldback feature 2 OUTPUT STAT...

Page 9: ...cted output voltage SECTION 1 STATUS DISPLAY CONT Fig 1 3 Output Waveform Standard Pulse 30Hz 12 330 Volts VOLTS KEY When the Volts key is pressed the display shows the output voltage setting as in Fi...

Page 10: ...EL KEY DESCRIPTIONS FREQUENCY KEY When the Freq key is pressed the display shows the output frequency setting Fig 2 1 Pressing the Arrow keys allows the user to change the output frequency Pressing th...

Page 11: ...s pressed the contents of the first storage location are displayed Scroll through the storage locations using the Arrow keys This will show what is already stored in that location When the Enter key i...

Page 12: ...tput voltage as necessary to reach 25 watts average power output While the LR 24 sets its output up for 25 watts average output power the power limit is still set at 400 watts average power The user m...

Page 13: ...used for the two outputs in dual output mode To see or make changes to either the primary or secondary waveform from the main status waveform screen press the Up arrow key until the display shows the...

Page 14: ...ture The shutdown temperature for the air is 160 degrees and 200 degrees for the heat sink If either of the shut down temperatures is reached the LR 24 will shut down even if Thermal Power Limiting is...

Page 15: ...continue the test Pressing any other key will abort the test and return to the status display Figs 2 14 2 15 Followed in a few seconds by the screen in Figure 2 18 If the relays and regulation pass t...

Page 16: ...f Factory Default Settings This message will be displayed before the default settings are restored and the user must press the Up arrow key to confirm restoration of t those settings Fig 2 20 Pressing...

Page 17: ...mit would produce a 300 Volt pulse 4 2 milliseconds wide 25 duty cycle 60 times per second unless the power limit of 100 watts average power is reached If the power limit is reached the LR 24 will aut...

Page 18: ...pole was held down For this example the LR 24 could not output more than 10 pulses of the 400 Hz burst because 400 Hz is only 10 times the cycle frequency of 40 Hz As a second example if the LR 24 we...

Page 19: ...play will look like Figure 2 25 2 Press the Enter key 3 Press the Volts key and use the Arrow keys to set the voltage Fig 2 26 then press the Enter key 4 Press the Freq key and use the Arrow keys to s...

Page 20: ...ate Each one of the individual pulses is on for 25 of the time from the start of one pulse to the start of the next pulse in the group Therefore settings are 150 volts for 5 pulses burst The individua...

Page 21: ...with an identical connector on the LR 24 battery packs This connector is color coded and polarized to prevent accidental reverse connections of the battery For lithium batteries the provided adapter m...

Page 22: ...ely turn the LR 24 off QUICK RELEASE PACKFRAME The LR 24 has an integrated quick release packframe Fig 4 2 Just press the latch tabs on the waist belt and shoulder straps and the entire LR 24 falls aw...

Page 23: ...dary user specified voltage waveform combination The selection between the two combinations is accomplished by rapidly double pressing the anode pole switch The primary voltage waveform is assigned to...

Page 24: ...ver the anode pole switch is depressed and less than 30 milliamps mA of current is flowing between the anode and cathode Fig 4 7 To restart the LR 24 place the electrode in the water and press the ano...

Page 25: ...put voltage if it is near thermal overload Again this can allow the LR 24 to continue working instead of waiting for it to cool down In both modes of operation as the LR 24 cools down the output is in...

Page 26: ...CURRENT OVERLOAD The input and output currents of the LR 24 are constantly monitored while in use If these currents become excessive the LR 24 will shutdown its output to prevent damage to it s circu...

Page 27: ...ed from the LR 24 than it can supply Note the average and peak power readings on the display While the average power may be quite low the peak power will be far above the 400 watts the LR 24 can suppl...

Page 28: ...f the LR 24 Place the strain reliefs of the anode and cathode cables in the slots on either side of the battery compartment Figs 5 2 and 5 3 Adjust the battery cover so that it is on the inside of the...

Page 29: ...it to Smith Root Inc for repair 7 Press the Menu key 8 Next press the Up key until the Quick Setup option of the menu appears Fig 5 5 9 Press Enter 10 Make sure the cathode cable is behind you and the...

Page 30: ...confusion between taxis and tetany Taxis is an induced swimming action The nerves have time to repolarize and the muscles have time to relax between output pulses of the electrofisher Tetany is locki...

Page 31: ...eneral lower frequencies are safer for fish than higher frequencies See adjustments a b and c on page 27 SECTION 5 SETUP AND OPERATION CONT Recall Waveform 1 DC Output 100 Volts Fig 5 9 RECALL SETUP K...

Page 32: ...with 50 Duty cycle 15Hz cycle fre quency 100 volts 400 watt power limit 8 Burst of three pulses at 500Hz with 50 Duty cycle 30Hz cycle frequency 100 volts 400 watt power limit 9 Dual output mode wave...

Page 33: ...tting you wish to use continue with the next step otherwise begin electrofishing 2 Press the Pulse Type key and then use the Arrow keys to set the waveform you want to use Fig 5 10 If unsure set the p...

Page 34: ...listen to the tone If the audio alarm is beep ing on and off two or more times per second release the anode pole switch and begin electrofishing If not repeat this step until the audio alarm begins b...

Page 35: ...voltage then press the Enter key Fig 5 20 All three steps must be completed for any changes to be effected 5 Press the Power Limit key and use the Arrow keys to set the power limit then press the Ent...

Page 36: ...e pole switch for more than one second and then pressing it again will cause the LR 24 to toggle back to the primary waveform The following procedure will guide you through setting up Dual Output Mode...

Page 37: ...edly press the Up arrow key until the Secondary Waveform parameters are displayed Repeat steps 2 through 6 for the Secondary Waveform 8 Begin electrofishing 9 Duty cycle and frequency can have a huge...

Page 38: ...tings as it had when it was last turned off The factory default waveforms can be restored to the storage locations by selecting the Restore Factory Defaults option under the menu key When a setup is s...

Page 39: ...n the electrofisher before damage can occur Resets automatically when condition is corrected Output Indicator Audio tone for 30 VDC and greater with increasing pulse rate for output power Flashing red...

Page 40: ...r burst waveforms there are two entries in the Frequency and Duty Cycle columns For dual waveforms record two entries in the same storage location one for the Primary waveform and one for the Secondar...

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Page 42: ...into contact with water or dust In order to avoid overheating the charger should not be covered when it is in use Chargers filled with molding material are splash proof but must not be immersed in wat...

Page 43: ...ging 2 Do not connect the charger to the socket before it is connected to the battery 3 Verify that the polarity is correct and connect the charger cable Red to red black to black use provided adapter...

Page 44: ...ischarged condition may be ruined For this reason batteries should never be allowed to remain in a discharged state Recharge as soon as possible after each use and every three months if unused Service...

Page 45: ...t cause of battery failure is not recharging after each use 2 Extreme temperatures kill batteries Avoid storage in exceedingly warm or cold areas Recommended operating temperatures are between 5 and 3...

Page 46: ...ersely affected by extreme temperatures BATTERY STORAGE Batteries stored at room temperature will self discharge at 3 to 6 per month Storage temperature above 20 C 68 F should be avoided Shelf life ca...

Page 47: ...id and lithium of 24V backpack batteries and in a clear and concise manner gives the usable battery life remaining This tool is not to be used during each charge discharge cycle but rather is intended...

Page 48: ...trical equipment should be carefully inspected before each field operation With all electrical equipment in good operating condition and all insulation junction boxes bonding and connections intact th...

Page 49: ...evel a person cannot let go of an electrically hot wire Currents above this level may not cause ventricular fibrillation but may be enough to cause contraction of the chest muscles If the current is n...

Page 50: ...cal ground fault interrupter 10 0 5 0 1 0 0 5 0 1 0 05 0 01 0 005 0 001 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 PULSE DURATION Seconds Preventing electrical shock means preventing electrical c...

Page 51: ...y If they refuse to leave stop electrofishing load the equipment and leave the area WARNING Operating this equipment in a manner not specified in this manual making modifications or using accessories...

Page 52: ...abs on hip belt buckle to remove hip belt 2 Squeeze the release tabs on either shoulder strap 3 With strap detached shrug off opposite strap 4 This will allow the pack to fall away from you very quick...

Page 53: ...a body of water for the purpose of stunning fish Frequency The rate at which an electrical signal changes over time The unit of measure is the Hertz One Hertz is equal to one change cycle per second...

Page 54: ...t Average output current above 4 Amps reduce output voltage or duty cycle Pole Switch P06 Inverter Overload LR 24 unable to maintain re quested output voltage into the current load A lower output volt...

Page 55: ...tation to put a net on Anode rings Nets have the following very undesirable characteristics 1 Nets present a safety hazard since it can place the operator s hands unnecessarily close to the electrode...

Page 56: ...f three pulses at 500Hz with 50 Duty cycle 15Hz cycle frequency 100 volts 400 watt power limit 8 Burst of three pulses at 500Hz with 50 Duty cycle 30Hz cycle frequency 100 volts 400 watt power limit 9...

Page 57: ...t is supported by the waist belt than the shoulder yoke CORRECT FIT Waist Belt Make sure belt is tight yet comfortable while making adjustments to shoulder yoke SUSPENSION SYSTEM The LR 24 suspension...

Page 58: ...7 Fold up the bottom section of back padding 8 Tuck the hook and loops under the upper section fitting the upper and lower sections snuggly together and press to secure the hook and loop together 9 Tu...

Page 59: ...airs and calibration once 1 per year During this maintenance period upgrades to current specifications will be performed to factory standards The unit will be recertified and issued a SRI certificatio...

Page 60: ...he factory for repair LR 24 CATHODE TESTING 1 Set the multi meter to measure resistance and connect leads to the pins of the connector on the end of the cathode cable The meter should display close to...

Page 61: ...oper safety gloves non breathable waders and cord strain reliefs properly installed on either side of the battery compartment Note This is for illustration purposes only and no one should ever electro...

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