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OmniHub 16 – User Manual 

Page 

21

 of 

112

 

 

  System 

  Password 

  SNMP 

 
Network

 tab allows user to assign a static IP address to OmniHub 16 mainboard. There 

will be a separate internal IP for the Baseboard and sub-board which user can find in 
‘Advance Setting” as shown in the picture below. 

 

 

 

 

Click the button 

 on the right side for the changes to take effect. 

 

Time 

tab  allows  you  to check the  current system time, change  the time zone, choose 

system time Mode (Manual or Automatic), enable/disable Auto Sync and modify NTP 
Server Address in Automatic mode  and  change  the  current system Time in Manual 
mode.  

 

Summary of Contents for OmniHub 16

Page 1: ...July 2020 www sencore com 1 605 978 4600 Revision 1 7 OmniHub 16 User Manual...

Page 2: ...s should be made directly to those companies This document may also have links to third party web pages that are beyond the control of Sencore The presence of such links does not imply that Sencore en...

Page 3: ...ur attention DANGER The DANGER symbol calls your attention to a situation that if ignored may cause physical harm to the user CAUTION The CAUTION symbol calls your attention to a situation that if ign...

Page 4: ...objects have fallen into the apparatus the apparatus has been exposed to rain or moisture does not operate normally or has been dropped Do not expose this apparatus to dripping or splashing and ensure...

Page 5: ...ation or operation email ProCare Sencore com WARNING To reduce the risk of fire or electrical shock never allow your equipment to be exposed to water rain or high moisture environments If it is expose...

Page 6: ...a list of the items should be contained 1 OmniHub 16 chassis 2 OmniHub 16 software 3 AC power cables 4 Breakout or adapter cables depending on option modules If any of these items were omitted from t...

Page 7: ...20 3 2 3 IP INPUT 23 3 2 4 IP OUTPUT 26 3 3 MODULE CONFIGURATION 30 RECEIVER MODULES 30 3 3 1 OHR DVBC 00 30 3 3 2 OHR DVBC ISDBT 01 35 3 3 3 OHR DVBS2CI 00 36 3 3 4 OHR DVBS2FTA 00 00A 36 3 3 5 OHR...

Page 8: ...SSARY 93 APPENDIX B A MONROE ONENETSE CONFIGURATION AND TESTING 94 APPENDIX C SPECIFICATION 97 APPENDIX D WARRANTY 111 APPENDIX E SUPPORT AND CONTACT INFORMATION 111 4 4 1 Returning for Service or Cal...

Page 9: ...ub 16 User Manual Page 9 of 112 Section 1 Overview TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 SECTION 1 OVERVIEW 9 1 1 PRODUCT INTRODUCTION 10 1 2 FRONT PANEL OVERVIEW 10 1 3 REAR PANEL OVERVIEW 11 1 4 OPTION MODULE OVERVIE...

Page 10: ...and powerful function it can be widely used at hotel hospital communities clubs campuses or other places with DTV headend where massive programs are required to be processed in a cost effective way Om...

Page 11: ...3 AAC 8CH AC3 2 channel stereo audio and AAC license per 8 channels encoder module OH16 OPT 00 Rear attachment bracket for OmniHub 16 including 2pcs telescoping side metal strip 2pcs rear metal strip...

Page 12: ...are but share the same Software Encoder Modules Description OHE HDMI 00 4 channel HDMI encoding module supports H 264 HD SD MPEG 2 SD MPEG1L2 and optional AC3 AAC professional chip OHEA HDMI 00 4 chan...

Page 13: ...tor Module Description OHM QAMA R00 16 channel QAM modulator module Annex A C non adjacent output and 1 RF female port for output OHM QAMB R00 16 channel QAM modulator module Annex B non adjacent outp...

Page 14: ...for output OHM 8VSB R01 4 channel 8VSB ATSC modulation module adjacent output and 1 RF female port for output OHM 8VSB R01A 8 channel 8VSB ATSC modulation module adjacent output and 1 RF female port...

Page 15: ...OmniHub 16 User Manual Page 15 of 112 Section 2 Installation TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 SECTION 2 INSTALLATION 15 2 1 RACK INSTALLATION 16 2 2 AC POWER CONNECTION 16...

Page 16: ...mniHub 16 into the position in the rack Secure the chassis to the rack by installing the four supplied screws through the front mounting holes and tightening 2 2 AC Power Connection The Dual Redundant...

Page 17: ...nd humid condition the equipment should be acclimated to the warm and humidity condition for at least 30 minutes Powering up a non acclimated unit may lead to shortcut or other damage to electronic co...

Page 18: ...30 3 3 1 OHR DVBC 00 30 3 3 2 OHR DVBC ISDBT 01 35 3 3 3 OHR DVBS2CI 00 36 3 3 4 OHR DVBS2FTA 00 00A 36 3 3 5 OHR 8VSB 00 37 3 3 6 OHR DVBT2CI 00 43 ENCODER MODULES 45 3 3 7 OHE HDMI 00 R01 45 3 3 8...

Page 19: ...into the OmniHub 16 Web Interface To open the OmniHub 16 web interface use one of the following supported browsers and navigate to the unit s IP address Firefox Google Chrome Factory network settings...

Page 20: ...the picture above It also shows the front and rear view image of OmniHub 16 with friendly label that show the status of each module connected in the 6 slots Device Information page shows the firmware...

Page 21: ...and sub board which user can find in Advance Setting as shown in the picture below Click the button on the right side for the changes to take effect Time tab allows you to check the current system ti...

Page 22: ...ort configuration import or export licenses only baseboard reboot the whole unit restore to factory default only baseboard and export logs and clear log only baseboard Click the button on the right si...

Page 23: ...OmniHub 16 IP input has a total of 120 channels which means it can accommodate 120 IP address multicast Once a channel is enabled the IP address and IP port configured for the channel will appear in t...

Page 24: ...picture below Basic Settings tab displays the configuration page of the IP input You can enable the TS and set the input IP Address IP port and Protocol of the source multicast To enter many IP addres...

Page 25: ...input channel toward the available output channel IP or RF Two types of routing are possible 1 Bypass mode In this mode routes can only be done when outputting a whole input transport stream towards a...

Page 26: ...hannel will be loaded in this page automatically but when you change the input source you should refresh the changed channel manually by selecting the channel and clicking Channel Scan button 3 2 4 IP...

Page 27: ...Bitrate status will display overload which indicates some errors in the channel Clicking the icon under the TS Analysis button will display the information on the structure of the transport stream Cl...

Page 28: ...play the detailed information of the service PCR PMT Video and Audio PID and Bitrate as shown in the picture below Basic Settings tab displays the configuration page of the IP output You can enable th...

Page 29: ...P input receiver modules or encoder modules In picture below clicking the area marked as click here you can make changes to the transport stream i e edit Original Network ID edit TS ID edit Service ID...

Page 30: ...4 DVBC signals simultaneously and support 2 CAM cards for descrambling 3 3 1 1 Module Status By selecting the OHR DVBC 00 on the module list you will be automatically redirected to the Status page of...

Page 31: ...l Clicking under TS Analysis will display the information on the structure of the transport stream as shown in the picture below Clicking under Service List will display information on the services in...

Page 32: ...Bit Rate from 48Mbps to 108Mbps in pull down list depending on the total effective bitrate of services you want to decrypt at Click the Apply button on the right side to make the change takes effect...

Page 33: ...e icon and below Destination Settings You can route a whole stream or a service s from the input channel toward the available output channels IP or RF Two types of routing are possible 1 Bypass mode I...

Page 34: ...ted 2 Select the correct Output and Channel you want to output the service to 3 Check on Multiplex on the channel you want to output You can output multiple service in one channel or output one servic...

Page 35: ...ory Default the unit 3 3 2 OHR DVBC ISDBT 01 OHR DVBC ISDBT 01 is a 4 channel DVBC Annex B ISDBT receiving and descrambling module with 1 RF female connector and 2 CI slots The module can receive sign...

Page 36: ...how the parameter range of each field For the LNB power Channel 1 1 and 1 2 share power with each other from LNB 1 Channel 2 1 and 2 2 share power with each other from LNB 2 Name Range Satellite Frequ...

Page 37: ...4 channel 8VSB receiving module with 4 RF connectors Picture below shows the front plate of the 8VSB module Module specification 4 RF female connectors Frequency range 50 860MHz Bandwidth 6MHz Modula...

Page 38: ...alysis will display the information on the structure of the transport stream as shown in the picture below Clicking the icon under Service List will display information on the services included in the...

Page 39: ...an and frequency of a specific receiver can be selected using drop down lists Table below presents supported channel plans Channel Plan Frequency of RF Channels Off Air CH2 57MHz CH3 63MHz CH4 69MHz C...

Page 40: ...ut channel toward the available output channel IP or RF Two types of routing are possible 1 Bypass mode In this mode routes can only be done when outputting a whole input transport stream towards an o...

Page 41: ...nel where the service will be multiplexed Do not forget to click the Apply button on the right side to make the change takes effect To clear the whole routing table click button There is a channel sca...

Page 42: ...To open the log management menu click on the Open button The newly opened menu allows you to enable disable logging After login is enabled additional control buttons will be displayed clean log clean...

Page 43: ...module Locked Status of each channel shows the signals if these channels are locked or unlocked If the signal is good there will be values of Total Bitrate and Effective Bitrate Total Bit rate in Mbp...

Page 44: ...Clicking on the service name under the service will display the detailed information of the service PCR PMT Video and Audio PID and Bitrate as shown in the picture below CAM Max Bit Rate 48Mbps to 108...

Page 45: ...se refer to OHR DVBC 00 module on page 33 to 34 In Descrambling Settings there are CAM1 CAM2 and No Descrambling options Select the correct CAM to decrypt the service and click Apply to make the chang...

Page 46: ...an HDMI source is connected Video resolution of the source video will also appear in the status Other details in status are HDCP encryption Video Bitrate and Audio Bitrate OHE HDMI 00 OHE HDMI R01 Cli...

Page 47: ...ck specific parameters you want to set and see Click the Apply button on the right side for the changes to take effect Video Parameter Range Video Parameter Range Video Encoding Format H264 MPEG2 Prof...

Page 48: ...Name Length is 1 16 PCR PID 32 8190 Video PID 32 8190 PMT PID 32 8190 Video Parameter Range Video Parameter Range Video Type H264 Profile HIGH MAIN Video Resolution Auto 1920 1080_60i 1920 1080_50i 19...

Page 49: ...l Y 0 1080 Dual Width 2 1920 Dual Height 2 1080 Dual Color White Black Blue Green Red 3 3 7 3 Output For the Output both models have direct IP output and multiplexing But only OHE6 HDMI R01 has RTMP o...

Page 50: ...second eth is reserved to output IP streams in an another different VLAN Enabling the second eth and set IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway in the same segment of the Unicast IP the another diffe...

Page 51: ...on the intended receiving platform and enter the corresponding URL and port 3 3 7 4 Insertion only available in the OHE HDMI R01 module You should choose a channel first before you set Insertion LOGO...

Page 52: ...20 Dual Position Y 0 1080 Dual Size width 0 1920 Dual Size Height 0 1080 Dual Subtitle setting Subtitle Parameter Range LOGO Parameter Range Position Bottom Top Middle Size width 0 1920 Dual Size Heig...

Page 53: ...Dual 3 3 7 5 System System tab allows you to perform the following tasks Import export license Log manages Reboot Factory Default To open the log management menu click on the Open button The newly op...

Page 54: ...orts MPEG1 L2 AAC and AC3 audio encoding 3 3 8 1 Module Status Module Status for the HDMI encoder shows the Bitrate of each port when an HDMI source is connected The Status for OHE HDMI 02 is the same...

Page 55: ...at H264 MPEG2 GOP Size 12 48 Video Resolution Auto 1920 1080_60i 1920 1080_50i 1920 1080_30p 1920 1080_25p 1080 720_60p 1080 720_50p 720 480_60i 720 576_50i Level Level_3 0 Level_3 1 Level_3 2 Level_4...

Page 56: ...encoding a single program and outputting it directly to IP This setting will not occupy multicast bandwidth of the baseboard If you want to use IP output channel on the encoder module and the baseboar...

Page 57: ...be replaced by the Audio and Video from the EAS module On this page you need to input the EAS Source Multicast Address Command port and Data port This information can be seen on the EAS page 3 3 8 5 S...

Page 58: ...ed Video resolution of the source video will also appear on the status Clicking on the button will display information on the structure of the transport stream This will show more details about the Se...

Page 59: ...080_60i 1920 1080_50i 1920 1080_30p 1920 1080_25p 1080 720_60p 1080 720_50p 720 480_60i 720 576_50i Level Level_3 0 Level_3 1 Level_3 2 Level_4 0 Level_4 1 Level_4 2 Video Bitrate Kbps 100 and 18000 P...

Page 60: ...ifferent 3 3 9 3 IP Output This feature is specifically for encoding a single program and outputting it directly to IP It will not occupy multicast bandwidth of the baseboard If you want to use IP out...

Page 61: ...encoder will be replaced by the Audio and Video from the EAS module 3 3 9 5 System Operation System tab allows you to perform the following tasks Import export license Log manages Reboot Factory Defa...

Page 62: ...export logs filter dialog box 3 3 10 OHE HDMI 05 05A OHE HDMI 05 05A module is a 4 8 channel HDMI encoding module that supports H 264 This supports AC3 and AAC via license and supports OSD Subtitle lo...

Page 63: ...l as shown in the image below 3 3 10 2 Module Basic Settings This page allows you to modify the Video Audio and Service Parameters Click Advanced Settings to see all parameters you can modify and chec...

Page 64: ...ck the one you want to show that picture field will turn green LOGO Parameter Range LOGO Parameter Range Position X 0 1920 Dual Position Y 0 1080 Dual Size width 0 1920 Dual Size Height 0 1080 Dual Su...

Page 65: ...0 1080 Dual 3 3 10 4 Module IP Output This feature is specifically for encoding a single programand outputting directly to IP It will not occupy multicast bandwidth of baseboard If you want to use IP...

Page 66: ...vice level 1 Click on pencil icon There will always be a BaseBoard selection for the IP output and other Output options depending on the module inserted 2 Select the correct Output and Channel you wan...

Page 67: ...nd Program Name The following parameters will display values once a good SDI source is connected 3 3 11 2 Module Basic Settings The Setting for SDI has Basic and Advanced Parameters Basic Parameters a...

Page 68: ...Encoding Format AC3 AC3_Passthrough MPEG1_Layer2 MPEG2_AAC MPEG4_AAC Audio Bitrate Kbps 128 384 AC3 64 384 MPEG1_Layer2 64 384 MPEG2_AAC MPEG4_AAC Audio Source SDI1 SDI2 SDI3 SDI4 Analog Volume dB 20...

Page 69: ...VLAN you can output the Unicast stream to the another VLAN To use Multiplexing mode on service level 1 Click on pencil icon There will always be a BaseBoard selection for the IP output and other Outpu...

Page 70: ...nual Page 70 of 112 OHE CVBS R01A 16 CH Like all other modules OHE CVBS Status shows the bitrate of each channel and you can check the TS Analysis and Service List here See picture below 3 3 12 1 Modu...

Page 71: ...GOP Size 1 60 Chrominance 0 100 Profile HIGH MAIN Audio Parameter Range Audio Parameter Range Audio Encoding Format MPEG1_Layer2 Audio Bitrate Kbps 32 192 Audio Sampling Rate KHz 48 Volume dB 20 20 D...

Page 72: ...mpling Rate KHz 48 Volume dB 20 20 Delay ms 2000 2000 Service Parameter Range Service Parameter Range Program Name String between 1 31 Audio PID 32 8190 Provider Name String between 0 31 PCR PID 32 81...

Page 73: ...y setting Destination MAC The second eth is reserved to output IP streams in another different VLAN Enabling the second eth and set IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway in the same segment of the Un...

Page 74: ...le disable logging After login is enabled additional control buttons will be displayed clean log clean screen export logs filter dialog box Modulation Modules 3 3 13 OHM QAMA 00 R00 OHM QAM 00 R00 R01...

Page 75: ...ot of heat the Module is also designed to automatically powered off when the temperature is higher than 74 degrees Celsius 165 2 degrees Fahrenheit The status page for all Output modules of OmniHub 16...

Page 76: ...be seen here Every Channel in QAM output has Original Network ID and TS ID It is important to identify the TS ID properly Labeling the TS will help you to monitor your output services It is also impor...

Page 77: ...work and NIT Stream For NIT Stream you can create Cable Descriptor and Logical Channel Number LCN You need to Add and Input first the correct Original Network ID and TS ID Once it is done click on the...

Page 78: ...the correct Frequency on each TS and add Repeat the procedure until all the Frequencies are added LCN or Logical Channel Number are created in the same way with Cable Descriptor On 1 frequency you wil...

Page 79: ...software For the Status Settings Service Configuration and System Operation please refer to previous module OHM QAMA 00 R00 at page 74 to 77 3 3 15 OHM QAMB 00 R00 OHM QAMB 00 R00 module supports up t...

Page 80: ...SI Interval ms 50 10000 Constellation QAM 64 256 Channel No Up to Channel Standard 3 3 15 3 Module Output Service Configuration for QAMB are very simple compared to QAMA You can edit the Original netw...

Page 81: ...QAM configuration on page 74 for reference 3 3 17 1 Module Basic Settings Click the Apply button on the right side to make the change take effect Name Range Name Range RF level dBmV 28 48 PSI SI Inte...

Page 82: ...s for the OHM OFDM is like in OHM6 QAMA and another modulator module It will show Lock Status of each channel when the signal is stable 3 3 18 1 Module Basic Settings For the Settings of OHM OFDM R01...

Page 83: ...rvice Name PID and create LCN Descriptor and Cable Descriptor For more details please check OHM QAMA 00 on page 74 for reference 3 3 19 OHM ISDBT R01 R01A OHM ISDBT R01 R01A module supports up to 4 8...

Page 84: ...ich should be different in each TS Fill the Original Network ID and TS ID of each TS frequency in the field of the base TS frequency and then click Add to create a NIT stream of this TS frequency Clic...

Page 85: ...STB you will get all programs in order of LCN which you set Function Modules 3 3 20 OHP EAS The OHP EAS 00 module provides the ability to interrupt Encoder playback and switch to an external transport...

Page 86: ...nector EAS Program Input Here you can select where the content originates from AV Content is provided as RCA Analog AV inputs to EAS built in the encoder ASI Content is provided as ASI with MPEG Trans...

Page 87: ...Encoder Module Table of all parameters in the EAS module Name Range Name Range Command Input Setting EAS Signal Input Digital IP Analogue Dry Contact EAS Program Input ASI AV Trigger Mode Normally Ope...

Page 88: ...module Status Page 3 3 21 OHP CAM 00 OHP CAM 00 is used to decrypt and encrypt services It has 2 independent CI card slots that are compatible with mainstream CAM cards but support only Xcrypt CAM CA...

Page 89: ...0 on page 30 to 35 for reference Note that this module has scrambling and descrambling functions To choose which function you want to use go to System Operation and select the CAM mode 3 3 21 2 CI You...

Page 90: ...not be saved 3 3 22 OHP EIT 00 OHP EIT 00 is a function enabled by default on the modulator and disabled in all IP output channels of the baseboard This is only used when a certain service has wrong...

Page 91: ...OmniHub 16 User Manual Page 91 of 112 3 3 22 3 Module System System is for you to upgrade license of the board when needed Here you can also check logs reboot and reset the unit to factory default...

Page 92: ...ES 92 APPENDIX A ACRONYMS AND GLOSSARY 93 APPENDIX B A MONROE ONENETSE CONFIGURATION AND TESTING 94 APPENDIX C SPECIFICATION 97 APPENDIX D WARRANTY 111 APPENDIX E SUPPORT AND CONTACT INFORMATION 111 4...

Page 93: ...G Electronic Program Guide FEC Forward Error Correction GOP Group of Pictures HD High Definition HDCP High bandwidth Digital Content Protection HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface Kbps 1000 bit...

Page 94: ...eo The Monroe box will need to be configured in a very specific way in order to work with the proposed OmniHub 16 EAS features External Configuration 1 The first step is to connect an Ethernet cable t...

Page 95: ...ke what are shown below Enable Alert Forwarding and Encoder Originated Alerts to be sent to DVS644 SCTE18 devices 4 A DVS644 SCTE 18 CEAM Client Connection should already be configured If not click th...

Page 96: ...SCTE18 messages on any other port 7 Also make sure the In Band checkbox is disabled The OmniHub 16 will be using the Out Of Band PID 0x1FFC 8 Another very important configuration is that the Alert Re...

Page 97: ...rigger it to replace all services on the output with an encoded version of the Monroe video and audio outputs 15 seconds after the last SCTE18 is received the OmniHub 16 should return all services to...

Page 98: ...40 80dBuV CA system Supports mainstream CAS DTMB Receiver Input 4 channels via 1 RF female connector CI 2 x PCMCIA CI slots CAM Descrambled channel quantity depends on CAM capability 2 CAMs could be...

Page 99: ...Frequency Range 177 143 863 143 MHz Bandwidth 6 7 8MHz Constellation DQPSK QPSK 16QAM 64QAM FEC 51 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 Automatic Signal Level 80 20dBm CA system Supports mainstream CAS DVB S S2 FTA Rece...

Page 100: ...T2 1 4 1 8 1 16 1 32 1 128 19 256 19 128 FFT Size DVB T 2K 8K DVB T2 1K 2k 4K 8K 16k 32K Signal Level 80 20dBm CA system Supports mainstream CAS DVB S S2 with CI Receiver Input C Ku Band 4 channels v...

Page 101: ...ndent power supplies for LNB 1 3 LNB 5 LNB 7 LNB Current 13V 18V LNB Current Max 400mA Constellation QPSK 8PSK Frequency Range 950 2150MHz Signal Level 70 20dBm Roll off Factor 0 15 0 20 0 25 0 35 Sym...

Page 102: ...8K Code Rates 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 Output Level Max 105dBuV MER 32dB 8VSB Modulation Output 4 8 frequencies via 1 RF female connector 75 Standard ATSC A 35 Frequency Range 50 860MHz Bandwidth 6MHz Cons...

Page 103: ...Level Max 105dB V MER 32dB QAMB Modulation Output 4 8 frequencies via 1 RF female connector 75 Standard ITU T J 83 Annex B Frequency Range 47 862MHz Bandwidth 6 7 8MHz Constellation 64QAM 256QAM Symb...

Page 104: ...L4 0 4 1 4 2 SD MP HP L3 0 3 1 3 2 Resolution SD 576i50 480i59 94 HD 1080p 25 30 1080i 50 59 94 60 720p 50 60 Output supports progressive format only and resolution support up to 1920 1080p30 Bitrate...

Page 105: ...Aspect Ratio Automatic or Manual Audio MPEG 1 Layer II AAC Optional AC3 Optional Audio Bitrate 32 384Kbps Audio Mode Stereo 2 0 including downmix Audio Sampling Rate 48KHz Audio Volume Leveling 20dB...

Page 106: ...264 AVC HD MP HP L4 0 SD MP HP L3 0 MPEG 2 SD MP ML HD MP HL Resolution SD 576i50 480i59 94 HD 1080p 25 30 50 59 94 60 1080i 50 60 720p 50 60 The maximum output resolution is 1080i60 Bitrate Control...

Page 107: ...dual encoding Audio Mode Stereo 2 0 including downmix Audio Sampling Rate 48KHz HEVC HDMI Encoder 8 CH Input 8 channels via 8 HDMI female connectors HDMI 1 4 Video H 264 AVC MP HP L4 2 H 265 HEVC MP...

Page 108: ...Output supports progressive only and resolution support up to 1080p30 Bitrate Control CBR Video Bitrate 600 20 000Kbps GOP Structure IPPP GOP Size 1 60 Aspect Ratio Automatic or Manual Audio MPEG 1 L...

Page 109: ...hannels 2 x RCA DB15 adaptor cables come along with the module Video H 264 AVC SD MP HP L3 MPEG 2 SD MP ML Resolution SD 576i50 480i59 94 Bitrate Control CBR Video Bitrate 1000 6 000Kbps GOP Structure...

Page 110: ...l EAS input SCTE 18 via 1 RJ45 port Analogue EAS input via 3pin contact closure CVBS input via 1 RCA connector Audio L R input via 2 RCA connector TS input via 1 BNC connector Video H 264 SD MP HP L3...

Page 111: ...ibration The OmniHub 16 is a delicate piece of equipment and needs to be serviced and repaired by Sencore Periodically it is necessary to return a product for repair or calibration In order to expedit...

Page 112: ...ed and shipped back to Sencore It s best to use the original box and packaging for the product but if these are not available check with the customer service representative for the proper packaging in...

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