Schwing SP 305, Operation Manual

Page: 86 / 104

Appendix
Operation Manual - SP 305 86 revDate
Glossary of Terms
The following list defines some terms used in this
manual.
Accumulator
A hydraulic device that stores fluid power energy
in much the same way that a capacitor stores
electrical energy. Because an accumulator
stores energy, it
must be drained and depressur-
ized before work begins on an actuator or
hydraulic system equipped with an accumulator.
Agitator or Re-Mixer
A device set in the concrete hopper to keep con-
crete moving, which prevents it from setting. It is
typically a rotating shaft to which several paddles
have been mounted.
See also: Hopper Grate
AWS D1.1
The code for structural welding with steel, as
defined by the American Welding Society. Sec-
tions 3, 5, and paragraph 9.25 of section 9 apply.
See also: Certified Welder and EN 287-1
Black and White
If a boom is black and white it means that the
speed of the boom is not proportional to the
movement of the joystick. Speed can only be
controlled by feathering of the joystick.
Blanking Plate
Also known as a blanking plug or end cap . Its
purpose is to prevent material from falling out of
the delivery system (typically the end hose) when
moving a full boom over personnel or property.
Blockage
If the pump is pushing and concrete fails to come
out at the point of discharge, a
blockage is the
cause. The causes of blockages are detailed in
section 6.18 of this manual. Blockages can cre-
ate dangerous situations by causing high con-
crete pressure combined with the sometimes
uncoordinated efforts of untrained workers to
remedy the problem.
Bulk Density
The mass of a substance per volume. For exam-
ple, 1 cubic foot of air weighs much less than 1
cubic foot of water. One cubic foot of lightweight
concrete weighs less than 1 cubic foot of steel-
entrained concrete. We could say that steel-
entrained concrete has a higher bulk density
than lightweight concrete. All calculations for the
operation manuals and specifications of concrete
pumps are based upon 150 pounds per cubic
foot, which is the approximate mass of hard rock
(normal) concrete.
Certified Operator
An operator who has been issued a certification
card by the American Concrete Pumping Associ-
ation. There are several classes of certification,
each relating to a different category of pump. For
an operator to become certified, he or she must
pass tests regarding operation, setup, and
cleanout for each category of pump. They must
also pass the safety rules test common to all cer-
tification categories, meet the experience
requirements set forth for each category, and
maintain a safe and clean driving record. Certi-
fied operators are considered qualified operators
in their categories.
See also: Expert, Qualified
Operator
Certified Welder
As it relates to concrete pumping and this safety
manual, a Certified Welder is a person who has
applied for, taken, and passed the American
Welding Society (AWS) or the European Normal
(EN) test for structural steel welding. Anyone
welding on a concrete pump placing boom, out-
rigger, tower, or other device must be certified to
AWS D1.1 sections 3, 5, and paragraph 9.25 of
section 9 and/or EN287-1/PREN288-3.
Concrete Pressure
The force per square area that is exerted on the
concrete. The concrete pressure is always a ratio
in direct proportion to the hydraulic oil pressure
on the concrete pump circuit.
See also
: Maximum
Pressure
Conductors
Materials that conduct electricity. Copper, silver,
aluminum, gold, steel, and water are considered
good conductors of electricity. Air, fiberglass, rub-
ber, ceramics, and glass are considered poor
conductors. All of these conductors have a resis-
tance to the flow of electricity, which is measured
in terms of ohms per linear foot. As voltage
increases, more current flows through the same
resistance. With high-voltage electric wires—
8000 volts, for example—even poor conductors
carry enough current through your body to
ground to kill you. (As little as 35 milliamps can
cause cardiac arrest.) Some conductors, such as
air, resist electricity very well, but if the voltage
gets high enough, current will flow. (Lightning is a
good example of this.)
See also:
Electrocution
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