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4. X-Ray Tube Focal Spot Measurements 

11 

Purpose 

 

1.0B 

RTI Slit Camera User’s Manual 

4. 

X-Ray Tube Focal Spot Measurements 

4.1. 

Purpose 

To assure that the tube and x-ray tube focal spot size is within acceptable limits. 

4.1.1. 

Equipment Recommended for Focal Spot Measurements 

1. Slit assembly 
2. A Focal Spot Test Stand (See Figure 4-1) 
3. Alignment Tools  
4. Metric ruler 
5. Reading tools 

- Image analyzing software for digital images 
- Magnifier (>6X) with 0.1 mm scale for film analysis  

 

Figure 4-1. Focal Spot Test Stand 

 

4.2. 

Focal Spot Test Stand Alignment 

 

1.  Remove all objects between the focal spot and table, e.g., compression 

device, diaphragms, cones, etc., which can be removed easily. 

2.  Place the focal spot test stand on the imaging table, with the slit direction 

perpendicular to the direction you intend to measure the focal spot dimension.  

3.  Adjust to maximize the slit to image receptor distance and adjust the focal 

spot-to-film distance to obtain the correct magnification factors (Table 4-1). 

4.  Use the light field (if available) to position the slit and slit holder where you 

intend to perform the measurement.  

5.  Make an exposure and verify that the image of the slit holder is centered over 

the position you intended to evaluate the focal spot at.  

 

Table 4-1 Minimum Magnification for Slit Measurement Technique 

Summary of Contents for Slit Camera

Page 1: ...4707 001199 1 0B RTI Slit Cameara User s Manual 2015 02 11 RTI Slit Camera User s Manual English Version 1 0B...

Page 2: ...tandards and Compliances 6 2 3 1 Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE 6 3 Theory of Focal Spot Reproduction 7 3 1 Theory 7 3 2 Why measure the focal spot 8 4 X Ray Tube Focal Spot Measuremen...

Page 3: ...the Slit Camera Congratulations to your purchase of the Slit Camera from RTI You have now in your hand a quality tool for focal spot size evaluation It has been carefully designed to meet the needs o...

Page 4: ...ft and without right the optional tilting device The Slit Camera can be rotated 90 degrees in the Slit Camera holder See figure 2 2 below The 90 degree rotation simplifies the measurement of length an...

Page 5: ...have been damaged during transportation 2 2 Hardware and Specifications All specifications can be changed without prior notice RTI assumes no responsibility for any errors or consequential damages tha...

Page 6: ...finance the cost of recovery from municipal collection points reuse and recycling of specified percentages per the WEEE requirements Instructions for disposal of WEEE by Users in the European Union Th...

Page 7: ...tics of the focal spot in both length and width directions Figure 3 1 Focal spot reproduction The grey part to the right shows an image taken with a film in the picture plane Note the lighter part in...

Page 8: ...y shape 3 2 Why measure the focal spot The main aspect of X ray imaging is to get images of objects A typical X ray focal spot is shown in Figure 3 2 As seen there are two peaks in the width direction...

Page 9: ...r of things that cause blurring of the X ray radiograms 1 Geometrical blurring a Focal spot size b Object to picture distance 2 Movement blurring 3 Material blurring Of these things the focal spot siz...

Page 10: ...er s Manual 1 0B Figure 3 4 X ray images for different sizes of the foci Figure 3 5 Reproduction of an object with different foci If the tube filament is worn out and about to break you can often see...

Page 11: ...e all objects between the focal spot and table e g compression device diaphragms cones etc which can be removed easily 2 Place the focal spot test stand on the imaging table with the slit direction pe...

Page 12: ...the slit holder measure the distance in mm between the front edge and the open part of the slit holder using a ruler X2 in the figure below 3 Calculate the magnification using the following formula 34...

Page 13: ...units of mm 2 One has to be able to get the intensity profile across the image of the focus slit In example below the image size has been calibrated by knowing the true size of the digital detector a...

Page 14: ...ge of the slit is horizontal the image has to be rotated 90 deg before measure with ImageJ This is done from the menu Image Transform Rotate 90 Degrees Right 4 4 1 5 Measure the distances X1 and X2 In...

Page 15: ...values on the left and right edge The cursor x value is show in the lower part of the window In this example the width is measured as FWHM Full Width Half Maximum and is 3 32 mm fm 3 32 mm 4 4 1 7 Cal...

Page 16: ...ffective focal spot FWFM Full Width Fifth Maximum For a bell shaped curve distance parallel to the abscissa axis between the points where the ordinate has one fifth of its maximum value Analogous to F...

Page 17: ...you should use standard magnification factors depending on the nominal focal spot size as shown in Table 5 1 below If you use the choice Full MTF you can set M as you like 1 10 Table 5 1 The standard...

Page 18: ...ENCE AXIS intersects with the ACTUAL FOCAL SPOT By convention the point of intersection forms the center of the EFFECTIVE FOCAL SPOT From the IEC 788 standard RMS Root Mean Square a proposed new metho...

Page 19: ...though the MTFs for both width and length may be approximately equal The reason for not using the multiplier 0 7 on tubes with nominal focal spot sizes below 0 3 is said to be that in that range the...

Page 20: ...45 0 45 0 65 0 4 0 40 0 60 0 60 0 85 0 5 0 50 0 75 0 70 1 10 0 6 0 60 0 90 0 90 1 30 0 7 0 70 1 10 1 00 1 50 0 8 0 80 1 20 1 10 1 60 0 9 0 90 1 30 1 30 1 80 1 0 1 00 1 40 1 40 2 00 1 1 1 10 1 50 1 60...

Page 21: ...length 8 16 reproduction 7 size 9 theory 9 width 8 18 Focal spot theory 7 FWFM 16 Geometrical blurring 9 IEC 336 7 D 1 Length See Focal spot length Line Spread Function 16 LSF 16 Magnification factor...

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