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Interconnection-1

Introduction

This note, originally written in 1985, continues to be one 

of our most useful references. It’s popularity stems from 

the continual and perpetual difficulty of hooking up audio 

equipment without suffering through all sorts of bizarre 

noises, hums, buzzes, whistles, etc.— not to mention the 

extreme financial, physical and psychological price. As tech-

nology progresses it is inevitable that electronic equipment 

and its wiring should be subject to constant improvement. 

Many things 

have

 improved in the audio industry since 

1985, but unfortunately wiring isn’t one of them. However, 

finally the Audio Engineering Society (AES) has issued a 

standards document for interconnection of pro audio equip-

ment. It is AES48, titled “

AES48-2005: AES standard on 

interconnections —Grounding and EMC practices — Shields 

of connectors in audio equipment containing active circuitry

.”

Rane’s policy is to accommodate rather than dictate. 

However, this document contains suggestions for external 

wiring changes that should ideally only be implemented by 

trained technical personnel. Safety regulations require that 

all original grounding means provided from the factory be 

left intact for safe operation. No guarantee of responsibility 

for incidental or consequential damages can be provided. 

(In 

other words, don’t modify cables, or try your own version of 

grounding unless you really understand exactly what type of 

output and input you have to connect.)

Rane Technical Staff

RaneNote 110

© 1985, 1995, 2006, 2007, 2011, 2015 Rane Corporation

Sound System 
Interconnection

•   Cause & prevention of ground loops

•   Interfacing balanced & unbalanced

•   Proper pin connections and wiring

•   Chassis ground vs. signal ground

•   Ground lift switches

RaneNote

SOUND SYSTEM INTERCONNECTION

Summary of Contents for HC6S

Page 1: ...stem Interconnection Warranty Declaration of Conformity 22340 MONO 10 0 2 4 8 6 10 0 2 4 8 6 10 0 2 4 8 6 10 0 2 4 8 6 10 0 2 4 8 6 10 0 2 4 8 6 10 0 2 4 8 6 PHONES PHONES PHONES PHONES PHONES PHONES...

Page 2: ...he power cord is the AC mains disconnect device and must remain readily operable To completely disconnect this apparatus from the AC mains disconnect the power supply cord plug from the AC receptacle...

Page 3: ...r le courant alternatif AC et doit absolument rester accessible Pour d connecter totalement l appareil du secteur d branchez le c ble d alimentation de la prise secteur 16 Cet appareil doit tre branch...

Page 4: ......

Page 5: ...ther components leave the power off This gives you a chance to make mistakes and correct them without damage 1 With the power switch in the off position plug the power line cord into the rear panel 2...

Page 6: ...using the front and rear panel headphone jacks together this control varies the level of each headphone simultaneously 4 MONO STEREO switch converts the MASTER INPUTS from stereo to mono so that a si...

Page 7: ...ting all shields RCA connectors can be substituted for the connectors To use balanced mono sources set the internal jumpers as shown on page Manual 4 3 Stereo Headphone OUTs allow any headphone with a...

Page 8: ...ath after the MASTER INPUTS and before the individual LEVEL controls This means that adjusting the MASTER LEVEL affects the SIG LEDs while adjusting the individual LEVEL controls does not When using a...

Page 9: ...s from a common mono source Six individual unbalanced stereo Inputs are available to drive any individual amplifier from a separate stereo source These Inputs can be converted to mono balanced Inputs...

Page 10: ...el 20 1 dBu Outputs Type 6 Stereo Amplifiers 6 Outs front 6 Outs rear Connectors TRS Tip Left Ring Right Impedance 0 25 typ Headphone Outputs Overall Gain Range Off to 20 1 dB LED Threshold Signal Pre...

Page 11: ...adphone monitor mixing system You now can give each vocalist more of their voice for increased clarity or add more kick drum to the bassist without giving everyone else a headache or let the producer...

Page 12: ...specifications subject to change without notice 9 2015 Headphone Sensitivity Headphone manufacturers specify a sensitivity rating for their products that is very similar to loudspeaker sensitivity rat...

Page 13: ...onnections Grounding and EMC practices Shields of connectors in audio equipment containing active circuitry Rane s policy is to accommodate rather than dictate However this document contains suggestio...

Page 14: ...connect is not compat ible with unbalanced The small physical nature and short cable runs of completely unbalanced systems home audio also contain these ground loop noise currents However the currents...

Page 15: ...CTICE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE OPTIONAL CASE 1 2 3 3 1 2 CHASSIS GROUND SIGNAL GROUND CHASSIS GROUND CHASSIS GROUND The Next Best Right Way To Do It The quickest quietest and most foolproof method to con...

Page 16: ...ounded and therefore immune to ground loop hums and buzzes Ground lifts are simply another Band Aid to try in case of grounding problems It is true that an entire system of properly grounded equipment...

Page 17: ...guarantee that a hum free intercon nect can be achieved nor is there a definite scheme that will assure noise free operation in all configurations References 1 Neil A Muncy Noise Susceptibility in An...

Page 18: ...20 24 24 19 18 17 B B B B A A A A A A FEMALE BALANCED XLR NOT A TRANSFORMER NOR A CROSS COUPLED OUTPUT STAGE FEMALE BALANCED XLR EITHER A TRANSFORMER OR A CROSS COUPLED OUTPUT STAGE BALANCED TRS NOT A...

Page 19: ...RED SHIELD RED SHIELD SHIELD RED RED BLACK N C N C N C RED BLACK RED SHIELD N C BLACK RED BLACK RED 3 NC 2 RED 1 SHIELD 2 RED 1 SHIELD 3 BLACK 2 RED 1 NC 3 BLACK 2 RED 1 NC 3 BLACK 2 RED 1 SHIELD SHIE...

Page 20: ...3 BLACK 2 RED 1 SHIELD 3 BLACK 2 RED 1 SHIELD SHIELD BLACK SHIELD RED BLACK SHIELD RED BLACK RED SHIELD SHIELD BLACK RED SHIELD BLACK RED SHIELD BLACK RED SHIELD BLACK RED SHIELD BLACK RED SHIELD RED...

Page 21: ...ECTS IN MATERIAL OR WORKMANSHIP THE SPECIFIC PERIOD OF THIS LIMITED WARRANTY SHALL BE THAT WHICH IS DESCRIBED TO THE ORIGINAL RETAIL PURCHASER BY THE AUTHORIZED RANE DEALER OR DISTRIBUTOR AT THE TIME...

Page 22: ...IN THE USA If the product is being sent to Rane for repair please call the factory for a Return Authorization number We recommend advance notice be given to the repair facility to avoid possible need...

Page 23: ...compliance with the LV directive and EMC directive in the event that the equipment is modified without written consent of the manufacturer This declaration of conformity is issued under the sole respo...

Page 24: ...N IN OUT OUT OUT OUT OUT OUT MASTER INPUTS 6 5 4 3 2 1 100 240 V 50 60 Hz 12 WATTS COMMERCIAL AUDIO EQUIPMENT 24TJ R This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the foll...

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