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The above is a pictorial diagram of the crystal radio to show the approximate physical placement of the 
components.  
 
Use a recycled board about 8” X 8” for mounting the components. Paper clips are used to make the antenna, 
ground, and earphone connections to the radio. Paper clips are attached to the taps on the inductor for 
connecting the antenna coupling capacitor (

C2

) made from an aluminum can and the diode (

D1

) to the inductor 

(

L1

). The antenna coupling capacitor was needed because there is a 10KW station within 5 miles of the school. 

Reducing the coupling to the radio and careful adjustment of the coil taps and the tuning capacitor (

C1

), also 

made from an aluminum can, enables reception of several AM broadcast band stations in the Houston area. The 
local station goes off the air at night and a student reported receiving stations up to 1000 miles away. His 
antenna was a 100’ long wire wrapped around the yard high in trees.  If a strong local station is not present, the 
antenna coupling capacitor can be omitted.  
 

 
 

Summary of Contents for XTAL

Page 1: ...d offspring or great grand offspring It is possible that this low tech radio could outlive all of those electronic devices mentioned above and it will still work for free Xtal is the radio abbreviation for crystal These radios are called crystal xtal radios because the original radios used a crystalline mineral for the detector The most popular mineral used is galena followed by pyrite Modern crys...

Page 2: ...to 90 feet of wire is required to make the coil Old electric motors generators alternators and transformers are great sources for enamel coated wire Discarded speaker wire lightweight power cords and even the wires striped from a computer keyboard cable are other sources of wire If one complete length of wire is not obtainable it is ok to connect wires together even if the size is slightly differe...

Page 3: ...de of a diode The cat whisker is on the left and the mounted germanium crystal is on the right The best place to procure the earpiece is from an old style telephone not any that are cordless or have built in answering machines The low impedance earpiece used with modern portable radios tape players and CD players do not work alone unless you can salvage the impedance matching transformer from the ...

Page 4: ...de D1 to the inductor L1 The antenna coupling capacitor was needed because there is a 10KW station within 5 miles of the school Reducing the coupling to the radio and careful adjustment of the coil taps and the tuning capacitor C1 also made from an aluminum can enables reception of several AM broadcast band stations in the Houston area The local station goes off the air at night and a student repo...

Page 5: ...through the radio with the schematic diagram The radio wave is received by the antenna flows through the antenna coupling capacitor C2 and then into the tuning circuit The tuning circuit is made of an inductor L1 and a tuning capacitor C1 Adjustment of the tuning capacitor C1 selects the desired station The selected signal flows into the diode D1 which functions as a detector A detector separates ...

Page 6: ...acitors is the same The tuning capacitor is designated as C1 and the coupling capacitor is designated as C2 in the schematic diagram Building the capacitor 1 Cut the paper or transparency film to a size of 8 inches long by 5 inches wide 2 Cut a piece of foil to a size of 8 inches long by 2 inches wide 3 Carefully attach the foil to the transparency 1 inches from the bottom of the transparency usin...

Page 7: ...e through the holes 2 Wind 90 turns of wire around the form and tap as follows 5 turns 10 turns 15 turns 30 turns 45 turns and 60 turns Make the taps by twisting inch of the wire to leave a loop at the end 3 Punch two holes at the other end of the paper toilet form and thread the wire through to anchor the turns Leave 10 and cut the wire 4 Use the sandpaper or knife to remove insulation from the w...

Page 8: ...C2 Connect the other end of this wire to antenna paperclip and tighten the screw for the antenna clip 8 Attach the foil end of C2 to the antenna clip to first paperclip from the ground end of L1 Operation 1 Connect a 100 wire or as long as you can get to the antenna clip and connect a wire from a ground rod to the ground clip on the radio If a ground rod is not available lay 50 to 100 of wire on t...

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