15.3.1 Conventions on Powers and Power Factors
As for the recognition of the type of reactive power, of the type of power factor and
of the direction of the active power, the below conventions must be applied. The
stated angles are those of phase-displacement of the current compared to the volt-
age (for example, in the first panel the current is in advance from 0° to 90° com-
pared to the voltage):
Equipment under test = Inductive Generator
`
` ^
^
Equipment under test = Capacitive Load
Equipment under test = Capacitive Generator
`
` ^
^
Equipment under test = Inductive Load
Where:
53
DM-4 Power Quality Recorder
90˚
270˚
-P
Pf
-Q
+P
Pf
-Q
-P
Pf
-Q
+P
Pf
-Q
Symbol
Significance
Remarks
P+
Value of the active power +
Positive parameter
(load)
-Pf
Capacitive power
Pf+
Inductive power
-Q
Value of the capacitive reactive power +
Q+ Value of the inductive reactive power +
P-
Value of the active power -
Negative parameter
(generator)
-Pf
Capacitive power factor -
+Pf
Inductive power factor -
-Q
Value of the capacitive reactive power -
+Q
Value of the inductive reactive power -
