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6 . RamanFlex 400 Series Getting Started Guide

About This Manual

This Getting Started Guide contains all of the information that you will need to setup your

RamanFlex 400 Series Raman Spectrometer and start collecting spectra.

The Getting Started Guide is divided into the following chapters:

Introduction

This chapter contains an overview of the manual, and the conventions and warnings used.

Safety Practices

This chapter outlines the electrical and laser safety issues. We recommend that all users read

this chapter.

Raman History, Theory and Instrumentation

This chapter contains a brief overview of the history and theory of Raman spectroscopy.

Preparing your Facility

This chapter shows you how to position your RamanFlex 400 Series instrument, and what

utilities are required; for example, electricity and temperature control.

Installing your RamanFlex 400 Series

This chapter contains step-by-step instructions about how to unpack and assemble your

RamanFlex 400 Series instrument and information on installing your instrument in the

software.

Using the RamanFlex 400 Series

This chapter gives an overview of the instrument and contains an introduction to the Fiber

Optic Probe. It provides a number of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) that describe

how to perform certain tasks; for example, how to collect a spectrum, or how to calibrate the

spectrometer.

Maintenance and Troubleshooting

This chapter contains information on how to maintain the system and solutions to problems

you may encounter.

Summary of Contents for Raman Flex 400 Series

Page 1: ...RamanFlex 400 Series Getting Started Guide MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY ...

Page 2: ...antability and fitness for a particular purpose PerkinElmer shall not be liable for errors contained herein for incidental consequential damages in connection with furnishing performance or use of this material Copyright Information This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright All rights are reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoe...

Page 3: ...ies 29 Spectrograph Detector Systems 30 Preparing your Facility 33 Specifications 34 Finding a Suitable Location for the Instrument 35 Instrument Dimensions 36 Installing your RamanFlex 400 Series 37 Unpacking the Instrument 38 Lifting the Instrument 39 Attaching the External Interlock Override 40 Installing the Instrument in Spectrum Software 41 Switching on the Instrument 42 Moving the Instrumen...

Page 4: ...alibration 61 Summary 63 Additional Parts and Upgrades 64 Safety and Calibration 64 Fiber Optic Probes 64 SERS Consumables 65 Maintenance and Troubleshooting 67 Maintenance 68 Cleaning the Spectrometer and Power Supply Units 68 Cleaning the Air Filters 69 Servicing the Spectrometer 70 Service of the Fiber Optic Probe 70 Troubleshooting 71 Hardware 71 Software 71 Decontamination 72 WEEE Instruction...

Page 5: ...Introduction ...

Page 6: ...paring your Facility This chapter shows you how to position your RamanFlex 400 Series instrument and what utilities are required for example electricity and temperature control Installing your RamanFlex 400 Series This chapter contains step by step instructions about how to unpack and assemble your RamanFlex 400 Series instrument and information on installing your instrument in the software Using ...

Page 7: ... have to press two keys at the same time for example ALT F All eight digit numbers are PerkinElmer part numbers unless stated otherwise The term RamanFlex 400 Series means the RamanFlex 400 and the RamanFlex 400F Raman Spectrometers Notes Cautions and Warnings Three terms in the following standard formats are also used to highlight special circumstances and warnings NOTE A note indicates additiona...

Page 8: ...tros En los recuadros como éste se proporciona información sobre este tipo de circunstancias Caution Attention Nous utilisons le terme CAUTION ATTENTION pour signaler les situations susceptibles de provoquer de graves détériorations de l instrument ou d autre matériel Les détails sur ces circonstances figurent dans un encadré semblable à celui ci Caution Attenzione Con il termine CAUTION ATTENZION...

Page 9: ...recuadros como éste se proporciona información sobre este tipo de circunstancias Warning Danger Nous utilisons la formule WARNING DANGER pour avertir des situations pouvant occasionner des dommages corporels à l utilisateur ou à d autres personnes Les détails sur ces circonstances sont données dans un encadré semblable à celui ci Warning Pericolo Con il termine WARNING PERICOLO vengono segnalate s...

Page 10: ...10 RamanFlex 400 Series Getting Started Guide ...

Page 11: ...Safety Practices ...

Page 12: ...lieved to be correct and complete PerkinElmer shall not be liable for errors contained herein nor damages concerned with the use of this document PerkinElmer does not accept liability for the interpretation of information resulting either directly or indirectly from our spectrometers or associated software interfaces All results supplied by PerkinElmer s spectrometers or software are intended to p...

Page 13: ...rature 15 C to 30 C Relative Humidity 80 maximum non condensing Avoid any adjustment maintenance or repair of the opened operating instrument If any adjustment maintenance or repair of the opened instrument is necessary this must be done by a skilled person who is aware of the hazards involved The instrument has been designed to be safe under the following conditions Indoor use Altitude up to 2000...

Page 14: ...00 Series Getting Started Guide Fire Safety Ensure that there is at least 15 cm 6 between any cooling vents and adjacent equipment or walls Ensure that the power supply unit PSU vents or fan do not become obstructed ...

Page 15: ...ourself and damage to the instrument switch OFF all components in the system and disconnect them from the line power supply before you alter or make any new electrical connections Electrical Protection Insulation Class I rating for external circuits Only connect equipment that meets the requirements of IEC 61010 1 IEC 60950 or equivalent standards Power Supplies The RamanFlex 400 and RamanFlex 400...

Page 16: ...llation of the instrument and at any time the instrument is plugged into a different power point socket Power Cords Between PSU and Power Outlet Socket The power cord supplied to connect the instrument PSU to the power point socket should be appropriate for the country listed as the shipping destination WARNING If the power cord is not appropriate for your country it must be removed from use immed...

Page 17: ...ith the EMC standard EN61326 EMC standard for electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use and EN55011 ISM Class A RF emissions FCC rules and regulations This product is classified as a digital device used exclusively as industrial commercial or medical test equipment It is exempt from the technical standards specified in Part 15 of the FCC Rules and Regulations based on Section...

Page 18: ...moval of the protective housing or external panels is dangerous If the protective covers or service panels on the instrument appear to be damaged turn the instrument off secure it against any unauthorized operation and contact PerkinElmer for advice before using the instrument again The RamanFlex 400 Series are classified as Class 3B The Fiber Optic Probe provides a focused beam of laser radiation...

Page 19: ... hazard to the eye if the direct beam or spectral reflections are viewed without appropriate protection You must only operate Class 3B lasers in a designated area 2 You must fit each Class 3B device with a captive key control switch such that the key cannot be removed from the lock except in the OFF position The key should be removed from the laser when it is not in use and kept in a safe place in...

Page 20: ...ver possible using a beam attenuator or cover The laser should also be turned off and the probe covered when the system is not in use AVOID DIRECT EXPOSURE TO THE BEAM Figure 1 Schematic of the fiber optic probe not to scale When using the fiber optic probe the following precautions must always be observed Use an interlock switch on the door to the laboratory and or the reaction vessel being used ...

Page 21: ...hen the probe is in use always ensure that no stray laser radiation is directed at people in the vicinity Use protective laser safety goggles with an optical density OD of at least 3 at 785 nm as a precaution against accidental exposure to the direct or reflected laser light Suitable goggles are available from PerkinElmer part number L1323518 Do not use the TFOP if it shows any sign of damage If r...

Page 22: ...ard distance for 785 nm Raman systems Table 3 Nominal Ocular Hazard Distance NOHD for 785 nm Probe focal length mm NOHD for 100 mW exiting fiber optic probe cm 7 5 10 27 3 NOTE Other focal lengths are available contact PerkinElmer for details In particular the use of an ultra long working distance lens adaptor part number L1320071 provides a working distance of 25 mm Where different focal lengths ...

Page 23: ... modified power voltage and current values MAXIMUM OUTPUT 250mW PULSE DURATION CONTINUOUS WAVE EMITTED WAVELENGHS 785nm THIS LASER PRODUCT CONFORMS TO IEC 60825 1 1993 21 CFR 1040 10 1040 11 LASER RADIATION AVOID EXPOSURE TO BEAM CLASS 3B LASER PRODUCT MAXIMUM OUTPUT 250mW PULSE DURATION CONTINUOUS WAVE EMITTED WAVELENGHS 785nm THIS LASER PRODUCT CONFORMS TO IEC 60825 1 1993 21 CFR 1040 10 1040 11...

Page 24: ...24 RamanFlex 400 Series Getting Started Guide ...

Page 25: ...Raman History Theory and Instrumentation ...

Page 26: ... observed the scattering from water and alcohol visually In addition to the blue incident light a faint green light also scattered later named Stokes scattering By the 1930s much of the theory underlying Raman scattering was understood but due to the complexity of the instrumentation the initial interest in Raman spectroscopy was not maintained Improvements in charge coupled device CCD detectors f...

Page 27: ...scattered and will be detected at either longer wavelengths lower frequencies ν Stokes scattering or shorter wavelengths higher frequencies ν Anti Stokes scattering With Stokes scattering some of the incident photons give up a portion of energy to the molecules and are detected at a lower frequency longer wavelength than the Rayleigh radiation Figure 5 Figure 5 Rayleigh Stokes and Anti Stokes Scat...

Page 28: ...olecule The frequency shifts from the frequency of the incident beam are displayed on the x axis of a Raman spectrum generally in relative wavenumbers otherwise known as Raman Shift and the intensity of the bands are displayed in arbitrary units on the y axis Figure 6 Raman spectrum of cyclohexane showing Stokes anti Stokes and Rayleigh scattering Anti Stokes x12 Rayleigh Stokes Raman Shift cm 1 ...

Page 29: ...irrors fiber optics filters lenses spectrograph and a CCD detector The laser supplies light through an objective lens onto the sample through the fiber optic probe The scattered light from the sample is collected with the same objective lens and transmitted back to the spectrometer A schematic of the system configuration is provided in Figure 8 Figure 8 Schematic of the RamanFlex 400 Series Optica...

Page 30: ...dispersing the light in two dimensions by using two gratings Figure 9 The first grating disperses the light horizontally onto the second grating where the light is further dispersed vertically onto the CCD detector The light is spread over a number of strips on the CCD that are read simultaneously therefore a full spectral range at high resolution can be achieved with one acquisition Figure 10 Str...

Page 31: ...on spectrum with a full spectral range There are no moving parts which improves instrument reliability ruggedness and the quality of calibration The lack of moving parts also means that as you acquire the spectrum there is no change in the spectrograph s stray light performance meaning that there are no stitch marks in the final spectrum No light is lost all the light goes onto the detector and al...

Page 32: ...32 RamanFlex 400 Series Getting Started Guide ...

Page 33: ...Preparing your Facility ...

Page 34: ...e 15 C 59 F 30 C 86 F Recommended Temperature 20 C 68 F 22 C 72 F Power Supply 100 230 V AC 10 50 60 Hz If the electricity supply does not conform to these specifications please consult PerkinElmer prior to installation If the supply of power is erratic please use an uninterruptible power supply UPS Incorrect shutdown power fluctuations or brown outs may damage the spectrometer ...

Page 35: ...e workbench where the spectrometer and PC are to be located should be at a suitable height to allow the user to work comfortably Use conducting floor coverings to minimize static discharge Floor vibrations or noise from heavy manufacturing equipment can affect the performance of the instrument Locate the spectrometer at least 5 5 meters 18 feet away from any intense magnetic fields Never place the...

Page 36: ...meter weighs approximately 20 kg Laboratory benching must be strong enough to support the combined weight of the instrument and any ancillary equipment without warping or wobbling The bench must be at least 650 mm 26 in depth Figure 11 Dimensions of the RamanFlex 400 Series 530 mm 600 mm 161 mm ...

Page 37: ...Installing your RamanFlex 400 Series ...

Page 38: ... PerkinElmer Service Representative immediately Part Number Description RamanFlex 400 Series Spectrometer Module LX108870 Spectrum Std for Raman Software Kit Contains the Spectrum Std Software CD LX100877 the Raman Instrument Configuration Disk LX108869 the Raman Spectral Libraries CD L1321877 and the Spectrum Insight Software CD LX108872 L1323503 Laser key x2 L1321802 Mains PSU L1320821 USB Cable...

Page 39: ...ies 39 Lifting the Instrument The RamanFlex 400 Series spectrometer module weighs 20 kg To avoid injury or damage to the instrument please use proper lifting techniques WARNING Always hold the instrument under the base when you lift it ...

Page 40: ...e satisfied You must connect an external door interlock to the 7 way DIN connector labeled INTERLOCK on the rear panel of the spectrometer or attach the External Interlock Override part number L1320264 supplied with the instrument If your Laser Safety Officer determines that an interlock is required on the door to the room you will need to purchase the Raman Laser Safety Kit part number L1320262 F...

Page 41: ...Raman Manuals CD part number L1050002 After the software is installed you should switch on your instrument See Switching on the Instrument on page 42 Wait a few moments for your instrument to initialize and then connect the instrument USB cable and if applicable the triggered fiber optic probe USB cable to the PC The instrument then needs to be added to the software See Installing a Raman Instrume...

Page 42: ...our instrument is fitted with a deep depletion CCD connect the 7 5 V PSU part number L1323525 from the DD POWER socket on the rear panel to a mains power socket 3 If your instrument is fitted with a deep depletion CCD connect the Tygon tubing between the water recirculator part number L1323010 and the WATER IN OUT sockets on the rear panel fill the storage tank of the cooler with water and then pl...

Page 43: ... must use the original supplied packing materials to prevent damage to the system When the instrument has reached its destination and has been reassembled you should perform the appropriate calibration verification procedures as described in the Calibration and Performance Verification SOPs on page 57 ...

Page 44: ...44 RamanFlex 400 Series Getting Started Guide ...

Page 45: ...Using the RamanFlex 400 Series ...

Page 46: ...s the power status of the laser If the LED is illuminated then the laser is receiving power This does not mean that laser radiation is present throughout the optical path of the instrument only that the laser power is on Active This LED indicates the status of the laser shutters If the LED is illuminated then the shutters are activated open and laser radiation present throughout the optical path o...

Page 47: ...hat the optical window is not soiled or damaged NOTE If you use the probe body in any chemical or aggressive environment you must use an immersion sleeve to protect the probe body DO NOT ATTEMPT TO USE THE PROBE BODY IN SUCH AN ENVIRONMENT WITHOUT THE USE OF AN IMMERSION SLEEVE part number L1320003 If required contact PerkinElmer for further details Attaching Removing the Fiber Optic Probe The sta...

Page 48: ...he polarizing ridge on the FOP cable is aligned with the slot in the coupler casing before carefully pushing the cable into the coupler 7 If you have a standard probe connect the DIN connector to the nearby socket marked LED FIBER 1 OR If you have a RamanFlex 400F and are connecting a second fiber optic probe connect the DIN connector to the socket marked LED FIBER 2 OR If you have a triggered pro...

Page 49: ...in films of materials should be folded so that the sample covers the entire depth of field Solids can be analyzed in glass and plastic containers similar to liquid samples NOTE Raman spectra are measured in the visible and near infrared region Room lights and sunlight will contaminate your spectra Take care not to misinterpret room lights or sunlight as sample features Sampling Liquids Liquid samp...

Page 50: ... is not possible to use quartz containers then it is possible to acquire a spectrum of the container and then spectrally subtract this from any spectra containing this fluorescent signature When working through containers it is best to try different probe positions If the liquid of interest is not absorbing it may be best to focus through the container by placing the FOP in contact with the contai...

Page 51: ...For step by step instructions for calibrating the spectrometer see Calibration and Performance Verification SOPs starting on page 57 SOP 1 Turning the Instrument On 1 Switch on the PC and monitor 2 Login to Windows 3 Ensure the laser power key on the front panel of the instrument is in the ARM position 4 Ensure the power supply is connected to a mains outlet and that the outlet is switched on 5 To...

Page 52: ...1 Shut down Spectrum software by selecting Exit from the File menu to return to the Windows operating environment 2 Switch off the spectrometer by pressing the power switch on the PSU to OFF ON Ο OFF After Spectrum closes if you do not switch off the instrument it will remain active for 5 minutes This is so that you do not have to wait for the CCD detector to cool and the laser to stabilize should...

Page 53: ...End points of the scan range in Raman Shift for example 3600 cm 1 to 100 cm 1 and enter a unique Sample ID and Description 6 Set the Exposure Time and number of Accumulations You can define the Accumulations as a number of Exposures or as a number of minutes or seconds Typical values for Exposure Time and Accumulations are 5 seconds and 5 exposures respectively Spectra may be optimized by increasi...

Page 54: ...ory a background will be acquired at this point You will see a progress bar for the background collection on the Live tab When the collection of backgrounds is complete the software will automatically begin collecting spectra The upper progress bar shows the progress of the current scan while the lower progress bar shows the overall progress of the measurement for example 1 of 2 scans if for examp...

Page 55: ...tarted Guide supplied with your accessory SOP 4 Selecting the Fiber Optic Probe 1 Ensure the RamanFlex 400 is switched on If not follow SOP 1 2 If you did not connect to your instrument on starting Spectrum software select Instruments from the Setup menu and then Select Instrument from the sub menu The Instrument Connection dialog is displayed 3 Select your Raman instrument and then click Connect ...

Page 56: ...g cannot be saved NOTE To see the Live display the Show live display option must be selected on the Setup Instrument Data Collection tab 1 Ensure that the RamanFlex 400 is switched on If not follow SOP 1 2 Click The Live tab will be displayed and real time spectral acquisition will commence 3 Adjust the Laser power on the Live tab to an appropriate value for your sample 4 Adjust the Exposure time ...

Page 57: ...measures the bias and dark signal over the selected area of the CCD This is a necessary part of the calibration routines so it is always performed The spectrometer has no moving parts in its detection system therefore frequent calibration is not necessary We recommend that you calibrate the instrument in accordance with the following SOP SOP 6 Calibration Performance Verification We recommend that...

Page 58: ...w When you have addressed these issues repeat the wavelength calibration verification to ensure that the instrument has been brought back within specification If the instrument fails the wavelength calibration verification again please contact PerkinElmer SOP 7 Wavelength Calibration Verification 1 Ensure the RamanFlex 400 is switched on If not follow SOP 1 NOTE If you have a RamanFlex 400F with t...

Page 59: ...tion should fail follow Figure 16 SOP 8 Wavelength Calibration Wavelength calibration should only be performed if the instrument has failed a wavelength calibration verification 1 Ensure the RamanFlex 400 is switched on If not follow SOP 1 2 If you have a fiber optic probe connected to the LED FIBER 1 connector disconnect the probe as described in Removing the FOP on page 48 3 If you have a RamanF...

Page 60: ...ration Laser frequency calibration should only be performed if the instrument has failed a wavelength calibration verification 1 Ensure the RamanFlex 400 is switched on If not follow SOP 1 NOTE If you have a RamanFlex 400F with two fiber optic probes ensure that the probe not in use is covered 2 Select Raman Instrument from the Setup menu The Setup Instrument tabs are displayed 3 Select the Setup ...

Page 61: ...mperature at which data is to be acquired Otherwise any data should be used for qualitative analyses only The NIST intensity correction is valid in the recommended operating temperature range 20 C 25 C If you move the instrument to an environment outside this temperature range that is 15 C 20 C or 25 C 30 C we recommend that you perform a NIST intensity correction at this new temperature Contact y...

Page 62: ... the Setup Instrument Advanced tab and click Toolbox The Adjustments Toolbox dialog is displayed 7 Select The Intensity Calibration dialog is displayed 8 Ensure that you have followed the instructions on the dialog and then click Next The instrument will now perform the intensity calibration routine At the end of the calibration the result is displayed Any data acquired will now be intensity corre...

Page 63: ...on procedure The wavelength and laser frequency calibrations should only be performed if the instrument fails the wavelength calibration verification procedure The intensity calibration should only be performed on a yearly basis or if the environment temperature and or humidity changes significantly or if the instrument is moved or following a service repair ...

Page 64: ...Number Description L1320002 Raman fiber optic probe 7 5 mm working distance maximum working temperature 80 C 5 m cabling L1320003 Liquid immersion sleeve for Raman fiber optic probe L1320011 Raman probe long 350 mm long suitable for non contact and liquid immersion Maximum working temperature 200 C maximum working pressure 1500 psi 5 m cabling L1320012 Raman probe max suitable for non contact and ...

Page 65: ...omized working distance or cable length fiber optic probes contact your PerkinElmer Sales Representative SERS Consumables Part Number Description L1329300 SERS gold colloid 50 nm particles 20 ml L1329307 SERS gold colloid 100 nm particles 20 ml L1329308 SERS gold colloid 200 nm particles 20 ml L1329301 Aggregating agent MgSO4 0 16 M in milli Q water 20 ml L1329303 Standard crystal violet pigment 0...

Page 66: ...66 RamanFlex 400 Series Getting Started Guide ...

Page 67: ...Maintenance and Troubleshooting ...

Page 68: ... not use abrasive or solvent based cleaning materials Always perform a patch test on an inconspicuous area before you clean the entire instrument Avoid spilling liquid into the instrument Clean all external spills immediately If anything that is spilled enters the main body of the spectrometer make the instrument inoperative and then contact a PerkinElmer Service Engineer WARNING Do not directly c...

Page 69: ...ct the line power cord If you have an optional deep depletion CCD disconnect the additional line power cord 3 Remove the 4 screws holding the top cover in position and then lift off the cover Figure 17 Removing the top cover of the spectrometer module 4 Unclip the filter covers remove the filters and wash in a mild detergent 5 Dry the filters thoroughly 6 Fit the air filters back into the spectrom...

Page 70: ... maintenance or servicing of the FOP The immersion sleeve if purchased is manufactured with 316 stainless steel or Hastelloy C and contains either a quartz or sapphire optical window that is sealed The quartz window can be removed for cleaning by unscrewing the end of the immersion tube The sapphire window cannot be removed as it is welded into place If removing the quartz window do not lose the P...

Page 71: ...ivers Description This may happen if you disconnect the instrument control USB cable and reattach it to a different USB port or if you switch the instrument off and then switch it on again Solution Refer to the Spectrum Administrator s Guide part number L1050095 for details of how to reinstall the drivers Software Problem Spectrum software stops responding Description When you are using the softwa...

Page 72: ...rom contamination The customer s responsible body is required to follow the Equipment Decontamination Procedure and complete the Certificate of Decontamination These documents are available on the PerkinElmer public website http las perkinelmer com OneSource decontamination htm Alternatively if you do not have access to the internet contact Customer Care Customer Care USA 1 800 762 4000 inside the...

Page 73: ...e most effective means of protecting the customer s environment The requirements for waste collection reuse recycling and recovery programs are set by the regulatory authority in your location Contact your local responsible person such as your laboratory manager or authorized representative for information regarding applicable disposal regulations See the PerkinElmer web address below for informat...

Page 74: ...74 RamanFlex 400 Series Getting Started Guide ...

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