NEC Versa 550 Series Service Manual Download

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3-2 Hardware Functional Overview

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

Bank 0

4MB / 8MB

(on-board)

Bank 1

4, 8, 16MB

(DIMM)

Cyrix

486DX4-75

M1sc-100

CORE CHIP

UMC 8486

VGA CHIP

C&T 65545

CRT ON

LCM

INVERTER

FLASH BIOS

128KB

PCMCIA

UMC

8365 + 8366

CONTROLLER

MOTOROLA G10

SUPER I/O

UMC

UM82C863F

TRACKBALL

EXT. KB/MOUSE

INTERNAL KB

CARD 1

CARD 0

FDD

HDD

PRINTER

CLOCK GEN

AVASEM

AV9154-04

ADAPTER

DC/DC

CONVERTER

14.318MHz

24MHz

66MHz

14.318MHz X'TAL

BATTERY IN

+3.45V

+5V

+12V

DC-IN

VIDEO RAM

512KB OR

1MB

COM1

Figure Section 3-1 Functional Block Diagram

Summary of Contents for Versa 550 Series

Page 1: ...t s discussed in this document are warranted in accordance with the terms of the Warranty Statement accompanying each product However actual performance of each such product is dependent upon factors...

Page 2: ...isted including dimensions weight environment safety compliance and power consumption Section 2 NEC Versa 550 Specifications lists system specifications including dimen sions weight environment safety...

Page 3: ...owledge DC direct current DIP dual in line package DLAB Divisor Latch Address bit DMA direct memory access DMAC DMA controller DOS disk operating system DRAM dynamic RAM DTE data terminal equipment EC...

Page 4: ...Center PAL programmable array logic PC personal computer PCB printed circuit board PFP plastic flat package PIO parallel input output pixel picture element PJQFP plastic J lead quad flat pack PLCC pla...

Page 5: ...receiver transmitter V volt Vdc volts direct current VESA video electronics standards association VFO variable frequency oscillator VGA Video Graphics Array VLSI very large scale integration VRAM vir...

Page 6: ...tment 1 10 The Left Side of the Notebook 1 11 Battery Compartment 1 11 PCMCIA Slot Compartment 1 12 DC IN Connector Jack 1 13 Hardware Reset Switch 1 13 The Rear Side of the Notebook 1 13 External Key...

Page 7: ...tion 2 8 LCD 2 8 Inverter 2 9 LCD Status Bar Indicator 2 9 FDD Unit Specification 2 10 HDD Unit Specification 2 11 NiMH Battery Pack Specification 2 11 DC DC Converter Specification 2 11 Battery Charg...

Page 8: ...y Disk Drive Subsystem 3 11 Pointing Device Subsystem 3 11 Power Subsystem 3 11 AC Power Adapter 3 11 Internal Battery Pack 3 11 Powerboard 3 12 LCD Inverter Board Assembly 3 12 Section 4 Field Servic...

Page 9: ...CPU 4 18 Removing Replacing the Entire Motherboard 4 19 Section 5 Troubleshooting and Repair Service Information 5 1 Technical Support 5 2 Product Information 5 2 Ordering Information from FastFacts 5...

Page 10: ...Port 1 16 1 18 The Base of the Notebook 1 17 1 19 Memory Slot Compartment 1 17 1 20 The Bootup Setting Menu 1 18 1 21 Power Management Setting Menu 1 21 3 1 Functional Block Diagram 3 2 4 1 Removing...

Page 11: ...ck Specification 2 11 2 12 DC DC Converter Specification 2 11 2 13 Battery Charger Specification 2 12 2 14 Keyboard Unit Specification 2 12 2 15 Pointing Device Specification 2 12 2 16 Switch Specific...

Page 12: ...A Extended Modes Text Mode A 2 A 6 VGA Extended Modes 4 bit Linear Mode A 3 A 7 VGA Extended Modes 8 Bit Linear Mode A 3 A 8 VGA Extended Modes 15 bit Linear Mode A 3 A 9 VGA Extended Modes 16 bit Lin...

Page 13: ...e computers The NEC Versa 550 Series comes with the following model configurations Table Section 1 1 Model Configurations Configuration Versa 500D 1 Versa 500D 2 Versa 550D CPU Cyrix 486Dx4 75 Cyrix 4...

Page 14: ...r external CRT monitor with 256 colors 16 colors for Versa 550D1 HDD Built in 2 5 inch IDE high capacity hard drive 19mm 17mm height FDD Built in 3 5 inch 1 44MB floppy disk drive Keyboard Built in 85...

Page 15: ...0x480 DSTN VL Bus Controller VGA Trackball Pointing Device Serial Interface RS 232C Parallel Interface Bank 1 Slot 1 4 8 16MB DIMM Built in HDD PCMCIA Card Slot x 2 PS 2 Keyboard Keyboard PS 2 Mouse R...

Page 16: ...tch Contrast Control Brightness Control Power Indicator Status Panel LCD Panel Power Switch Keyboard Trackball Figure Section 1 3 Front of the Notebook Color LCD Display Panel Both the NEC Versa 500D1...

Page 17: ...hinge is the LCD cover switch button This button automatically depresses and releases when you lower or raise the LCD display panel Depending on your power management settings the button will either...

Page 18: ...icon will start to blink and will generate an intermittent audible beep This warns you to save your data files and connect an AC adapter or swap battery pack This icon informs you that the system is i...

Page 19: ...d keyboard with function keys and screen cursor control keys Figure Section 1 5 Standard Keyboard Layout The notebook keyboard is a little bit different from a standard desktop keyboard Aside from the...

Page 20: ...ion Fn key Esc key This key combination puts the system in Suspend mode Fn key F1 key This key combination brings up the Power Management menu Fn key F8 key This key combination toggles between enabli...

Page 21: ...etaining latches just above the keyboard panel These latches release the keyboard to give you easy access to the inside of the notebook in performing mainte nance and upgrades Trackball In front of th...

Page 22: ...he floppy diskette you press the eject button found on the upper right of the floppy disk drive Hard Disk Drive Compartment Just beside the floppy disk drive is the notebook s internal hard drive The...

Page 23: ...attery pack from the compartment unit push forward the battery compart ment latch to release lock and slowly pull out the battery pack NOTE There are two types of battery pack for the Versa 550 Series...

Page 24: ...ind a connector jack where you plug in the AC adapter of the notebook The NEC Versa 550 series provides a universal auto switching AC adapter where you connect the AC power cord and into the power out...

Page 25: ...sly The NEC Versa 550 also provides an optional Y connector adapter allowing simultaneous use of external AT enhanced keyboard and PS 2 mouse When an external PS 2 mouse is connected using the Y conne...

Page 26: ...imultaneous display You need to toggle the display to the external monitor only in order to display higher resolution Refer also to Appendix A for a list of supported video modes Figure Section 1 14 C...

Page 27: ...ouse After turning on the power again run the BIOS SETUP program and disable the Trackball The Base of the Computer See the following figure for NEC Versa 500 Series bottom features Battery Compartmen...

Page 28: ...s Power On Self Test POST executes during boot up process the screen will display the following message Press Ctrl Alt S to Enter SETUP Press the Ctrl Alt S key combination to run the BIOS Setup progr...

Page 29: ...g mode which is Enabled automatically for large capacity hard drives over DOS limit of 528MB Hard Disk This option allows you to specify the type of hard drive mounted inside the notebook Always selec...

Page 30: ...or Bidirectional printer port or to disable the port altogether The default setting is Standard Password This option allows you to limit access to the computer through the use of a password If you sel...

Page 31: ...ion allows you to enable or disable power management When this option is Disabled all other power management settings are ignored and disabled as well When set to AC Disabled the power management is d...

Page 32: ...1 20 Technical Information to power up again Set this option to Disable if you want the hard drive to be always spinning...

Page 33: ...to the Save to option for more details Auto Power Reduction This option allows you to enable or disable automatic and dynamic microprocessor power reduction during inactivity If enabled the available...

Page 34: ...cheduled resume time is determined by the time entered in the Schedule Time option see next item Schedule Time If the Schedule Resume option is Enabled this item allows you to enter a specific time at...

Page 35: ...with the MS DOS and Windows 3 1 or higher program 2 Insert the Disk 1 VGA Driver to the floppy disk drive The disk contains the in stallation program called SETUP EXE which provides an easy to instal...

Page 36: ...program en ables the system to use a wide range of PC cards that conform to the standards of PCMCIA It support a large number of PCMCIA cards like Flash memory SRAM Mem ory Network LAN ATA hard disks...

Page 37: ...k diskettes also contains two important system utility program under the PHDISK subdirectory TIME SYS and PHDISK EXE TIME SYS Driver The TIME SYS device driver included with the NEC Versa 550 Series e...

Page 38: ...ition Delete to delete the existing STD partition Info to show detailed information about the STD partition Vram size to override the default video ram size of 1024KB Always reboot the system after yo...

Page 39: ...will find one memory expansion slot 3 Remove the extra SIMM module from its anti static wrapping Make sure that you are properly grounded before handling the memory module Hold the memory module with...

Page 40: ...led FLASH EXE Up date the system BIOS whenever you are upgrading LCD Panel or adding modifications to the computer s hardware function To upgrade the System BIOS 1 Copy the FLASH EXE BIOS utility prog...

Page 41: ...ystem RAM 4MB 8MB On board Upgradable to 20MB 24MB Memory Module 4MB 8MB 16MB RAM Module Slot One Slot System Management 128Kb Flash BIOS Includes System and VGA BIOS Shadow BIOS Capability Power Mana...

Page 42: ...CRT Auto Sense Display Output LCD CRT Simultaneous Display Video RAM 512KB 1MB as Standard PCMCIA Slots One Type II or Type III on upper slot and One Type II on lower slot Pointing Device 19mm Trackb...

Page 43: ...FIFO x 1 15 pin VGA Monitor Port x 1 External Keyboard or PS 2 Mouse Port x 1 NEC Y Cable Support DC IN Jack x 1 Status Indicator LCD Status Bar AC In Battery Pack In Battery Low Battery Charge PM Ena...

Page 44: ...Battery A 8 long A size 2400mA hr NiMH Battery Cells 9 6V Total 23 04W Battery B 8 long A size 2800mA hr NiMH Battery Cells 9 6V Total 26 88W Battery Life Minimum 2 hours with Cyrix DX4 75 and Battery...

Page 45: ...JSTT X1 HDD Hitachi 340MB Seagate ST9546 540MB Hitachi DK222A 54 540MB FDD NEC FD1238H YEDATA YD 702J 6037J 01 TEAC FD 05HG 4661 Keyboard Jing Mold 85 86 Keys Pointing Device Logitech 19mm T B Battery...

Page 46: ...STN LCD Pointing Device 19mm Trackball 19mm Trackball 19mm Trackball MOTHERBOARD The following table lists motherboard specifications Table Section 2 3 Motherboard Specifications Clock Clock Synthesiz...

Page 47: ...Pin FPC Type Straight 1 0mm Pitch SMT To HDD Board 44 Pin Male Straight 2 0mm Pitch DIP To Keyboard 26 Pin FPC Type Straight 2 54mm Pitch DIP To Trackball 6 Pin Male SMT Pitch 1 25mm To Battery Pack 5...

Page 48: ...ations Table Section 2 5 Motherboard Cable Specifications HDD 44 Pin Female 2 0mm Pitch Trackball 6 Pin Female 1 25mm Pitch LCD 15 Pin 14 Pin 8 Pin Female 1 25mm Pitch FDD 26 Pin FPC 1 0mm Pitch Syste...

Page 49: ...ol VR Type Lower VR Type Lower Contrast Control VR Type Upper VR Type Upper Efficiency 70 Min 70 Min Unit Size L x W x H 146 L x 22 5 W x 9 5 H Not available LCD Status Bar Indicator The following tab...

Page 50: ...CIA Slot 1 FDD Read Write Pad Lock Num Lock Caps Lock Scroll Lock FDD Unit Specification The following table lists floppy diskette drive specifications Table Section 2 9 FDD Unit Specification Module...

Page 51: ...ons Table Section 2 11 NiMH Battery Pack Specification Battery Pack A Battery Pack B Capacity 2400 mA x 8 cells 2800 mA x 8 cells Cell Type Long A Long A Voltage 9 6V 9 6V Connector 5 Pin 5 Pin DC DC...

Page 52: ...o C 56 o C Timer Setting 180 Min Charge Time Machine On 3 hours Machine Off 1 5 hours Charge IC BQ2004 Operating Temperature 10 o C 50 o C Keyboard Unit Specification The following table lists keyboa...

Page 53: ...n Tact Type x 2 pcs Reset Switch Tact Type AC DC Adapter Specification The following table lists AC DC adapter specifications Table Section 2 17 AC DC Adapter Specification Input Voltage AC 90V 265V 4...

Page 54: ...lowing features Display to CRT LCD Simultaneous Text Vertical Stretching Graphic Vertical Stretching Maximum Contrast Serial Port Support Standard COM Port Address Parallel Port Support Standard Print...

Page 55: ...ndary Activity for IRQ0 and IRQ8 Timer Interrupted Enabled All Peripherals are in On State Sleep Mode CPU in Divided Frequency State 16MHz Video Display Off by VGA Controller HDD in Sleep Mode Core Lo...

Page 56: ...Management Features Mode Transition The following tables list mode definitions and actions Table Section 2 20 Mode Definitions H W Mode S W Mode APM Mode User Fully On Full on On CPU Busy On On On CPU...

Page 57: ...owing table lists hotkey definitions Table Section 2 23 Hotkey Definitions Function Key Content Handler Fn Esc Suspend G10 SMI Fn F10 LCD CRT Display G10 SMI Fn F11 Panel Backlight Off G10 Fn F8 Batte...

Page 58: ...Axis Vibration Level 5 550 Hz 0 5 Gs Acceleration Duration Time 2 Cycles 60 min for per each axis Non Operating Direction of Movement X Y Z Axis Vibration Level 5 550 Hz 0 04 Inch Displacement Hz 2Gs...

Page 59: ...NEC Versa 550 Specifications 2 19 ESD The following table lists ESD specifications Table Section 2 28 ESD Specifications Contact Discharge 2 4 6 KV Air Discharge 2 4 8 KV HCP 2 4 6 KV VCP 2 4 6 KV...

Page 60: ...and LCD Display Panel n I O Subsystem implemented on the Motherboard n Keyboard Subsystem implemented on part of the Motherboard and Keyboard Assembly n PCMCIA Controller and Sockets implemented on th...

Page 61: ...CRT ON LCM INVERTER FLASH BIOS 128KB PCMCIA UMC 8365 8366 KB CONTROLLER MOTOROLA G10 SUPER I O UMC UM82C863F TRACKBALL EXT KB MOUSE INTERNAL KB CARD 1 CARD 0 FDD HDD PRINTER CLOCK GEN AVASEM AV9154 0...

Page 62: ...g system System Processor The System Processor function for the notebook is implemented on the Motherboard using either the 3 45V Cyrix 486DX4 75MHz NEC Versa 500D or the 3 45V Cyrix 5x86 M1sc 100MHz...

Page 63: ...nal system board and the processor s internal execution and cache units SYSTEM LOGIC CONTROLLER The System Logic Controller function for the notebook is implemented on the Motherboard using UMC 8486F...

Page 64: ...64MB by XIP 16MB by EMS Supports Shadow RAM from C0000 FFFFF Supports SLOW and SELF Refresh DRAM Supports Stagger Refresh On board memory up to 48MB Supports Three Memory Banks Supports Page Mode Burs...

Page 65: ...PEND Mode 15uA at POWER OFF Mode with RTC active MEMORY SUBSYSTEM The memory subsystem implemented on the Motherboard includes ROM and DRAM memory Primary control for the memory subsystem is provided...

Page 66: ...ive Electronics type Win chester drives n Hardware or software configuration n Address decoding and strobe generator for game port n Supports two serial port functions n Supports one bi directional IB...

Page 67: ...rated design flat panel CRT VGA controller RAMDAC clock syn thesizer n Multiple Bus Architecture Integrated Interface Local Bus 32 bit CPU Direct and VL EISA ISA PC AT Bus PCI Bus n Flexible display m...

Page 68: ...ity to auto sense the display output to both LCD and the external CRT monitor The notebook provides external resolution of 800x600 by 256 colors or 1024x768 by 256 colors for NEC Versa 500D2 550D with...

Page 69: ...Management Function that includes Individual Socket power control Hot insertion removal Hardware Software controlled power down Modem Ring in Resume CS Controlled Power Down and Power Saving with Wind...

Page 70: ...external PS 2 port also supports the use of an external PS 2 compatible mouse where the system automatically detects on system power up and then disables the internal trackball POWER SUBSYSTEM The Pow...

Page 71: ...hours maximum when the computer is running Powerboard The Powerboard receives approximately 9 6VDC from the battery pack and uses this input voltage to generate 12V 5V 3 3V 3 45V regulated output volt...

Page 72: ...nt inside the system unit and LCD even after the system is turned off Cleaning the Notebook s Exterior Use the steps below to clean the outer surface of the system 1 Power off the system and remove th...

Page 73: ...ically use a head cleaning diskette in the floppy diskette drive to prolong the life of the drive and to help maintain data integrity Here are some maintenance procedures to use when servicing a hard...

Page 74: ...in any way other than as described in this manual and the User s Guide n Always charge the battery packs as soon as possible after a low battery indication Maintaining the LCD Quality When it comes t...

Page 75: ...Cover REQUIRED TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT All NEC Versa 550 corrective maintenance procedures can be performed using the follow ing tools n Tweezers n Small flat head screwdriver n Small Phillips screwdriver...

Page 76: ...2 010A 3 LCD Front Case 10 4 808 875692 009A 4 LCD F Cable 808 875692 024A 5 LCD Panel Kyocera 10 4 808 875599 001A 6 LCD Latch 808 875692 044A 7 Hinge Cover Left 808 875692 006A 8 Hinge Cover Right 8...

Page 77: ...A 27 Foot Stand 2 808 875692 074A 28 Main Battery 808 875692 002A 29 PCMCIA Cover 808 875692 078A 30 Outer Shipping Carton 808 875692 095A 31 Left Packaging Foam Cushion 808 875692 093A 32 Right Packa...

Page 78: ...Field Service Guidelines 4 7 Figure Section 4 2 NEC Versa 550 Series Illustrated Parts Breakdown...

Page 79: ...4 8 Field Service Guidelines...

Page 80: ...major field replaceable units parts FRUs n LCD Front and Back Panel Cover These parts are used to cover the whole LCD Panel assembly which includes the LCD Display Screen the LCD Power Inverter Board...

Page 81: ...D Cable The LCD cable provides the display signals and voltage connection between the LCD panel and the motherboard There are three sets of wiring cables in side which connects directly to the motherb...

Page 82: ...iddle part of the unit The LCD Status Bar is con nected to the Motherboard s 26 pin FPC type connector n System Top Unit Cover This part besides the keyboard basically covers the top part of the whole...

Page 83: ...nd follow handling precautions mentioned at the be ginning of this section n Hard Drive Module Assembly The built in hard drive module is attached to the right front side of the system base unit The h...

Page 84: ...ts the input 8V 20V DC voltage to several voltage levels needed in powering every components inside the note book This PCB module is located on the left rear side of the base unit and is connected to...

Page 85: ...ion Removing Replacing the Internal Keyboard The procedure for removing and replacing the internal keyboard of the notebook is as fol lows 1 Open the LCD cover to see the keyboard Locate the left and...

Page 86: ...screws and the frame lock plate attached secured to the left and right side of the module 4 You will also find there is a ribbon cable connected to the Motherboard s FPC type connector Release the ca...

Page 87: ...l the Trackball cable attached from the top case assembly to the Motherboard Pull the cable out and remove the whole top case assembly 4 The Trackball module is assembled on the system top cover case...

Page 88: ...CD panel and the system top cover case and the hard drive module 2 The built in floppy drive module is assembled to the right rear side of the system base unit Release the floppy drive cable connected...

Page 89: ...edures mentioned from the start of this section 2 The Powerboard is located on the left rear side of the system base unit This part controls the internal power supply of the computer Remove the alumin...

Page 90: ...d by the CPU to be re leased properly from the system A ventilation duct is near at the back of the CPU to release heat There is also a hole made on the Motherboard right at the bottom of the CPU to r...

Page 91: ...of the system base cover casing 4 Take out the whole Motherboard assembly If you want to replace the whole Motherboard with a new one for repair you also have to remove the PCMCIA slots the I O Port...

Page 92: ...t ROM BIOS 1 508 635 4706 NEC Technical Service Center TSC In the U S call 1 800 632 4525 Listen to the automated attendant and select the appropriate menu to reach one of the following departments In...

Page 93: ...those marked with are for Versa 500D2 and 550D with 1MB video memory VGA STANDARD MODES The following tables list VGA standard modes Table Appendix A 1 VGA Standard Modes Text Mode Hex Mode No of Colo...

Page 94: ...175 31 5 70 F Mono 80 x 25 8 x 14 640 x 350 25 175 31 5 70 10 16 80 x 25 8 x 14 640 x 350 25 175 31 5 70 11 2 80 x 30 8 x 16 640 x 480 25 175 31 5 70 12 16 80 x 30 8 x 16 640 x 480 25 175 31 5 70 Tabl...

Page 95: ...256 100 x 37 8 x 16 800 x 600 40 0 37 5 60 34 256 128 x 48 8 x 16 1024 x 768 65 0 48 5 60 34I 44 9 35 5 43 Table Appendix A 8 VGA Extended Modes 15 bit Linear Mode Hex Mode No of Colors Text Display...

Page 96: ...75 31 5 60 7C 256 100 x 37 8 x 16 800 x 600 40 0 37 5 60 7E 256 128 x 48 8 x 16 1024 x 768 65 0 48 5 60 7EI 44 9 35 5 43 VGA HIGH REFRESH MODES The C T 65545 VGA BIOS supports standard high refresh mo...

Page 97: ...A 15 VGA High Refresh Modes Packed Pixel Mode Hex Mode No of Colors Text Display Font Size Pixel Reso lution Dot Clock MHz Horiz Freq KHz Vert Freq Hz 79 256 80 x 30 8 x 16 640 x 480 31 5 37 5 75 7C 2...

Page 98: ...lectronic information service used to obtain up to date product application notes installation procedures troubleshooting tips data sheets techni cal information bulletins price lists and other inform...

Page 99: ...econd order before the first order is completed the order could be canceled After three tries FastFacts assumes that the line is busy and will not process the order HELPFUL QUESTIONS Here are some hel...

Page 100: ...eck the primary video adapter Gate A20 failure The keyboard controller is not accepting command specifically the enable and disable A20 command Check the keyboard controller and system board Turn the...

Page 101: ...ystem board Turn the power off then back on again If the problem persists contact qualified service personnel Shutdown failure Either the keyboard controller is not accepting the reset command or the...

Page 102: ...sonnel Keyboard stuck key failure A key is jammed Locate the jammed key and fix it Make sure the keyboard cable and keyboard are connected properly Turn the power off then back on again If the problem...

Page 103: ...This message indicates that an error was found during POST Pressing the F1 key allows the system to attempt to boot Press F2 allows users to run the ROM based SETUP utility to correct configuration i...

Page 104: ...ed to sum of the ranges will produce a known result such as zero Beep Codes for System Board Errors The following table provides system beep codes Table Section 5 4 BIOS Beep Codes Beep Code Diagnosti...

Page 105: ...ure results in a system halt 1 4 2 0Dh Parity failure first 64K RAM At the completion of the rolling ones and pattern tests of the first 64K the BIOS checks the parity error bits bits 7 and 6 of port...

Page 106: ...3 2 4 27h Keyboard controller test in progress or failure The self test command AAh is issued to the 8042 keyboard controller and the results are monitored Failure results in a system halt None 28h CM...

Page 107: ...32h Color monitor 40 column operable No specific test is performed just indicates that the BIOS believes a color monitor is installed and is operating The mode has been set to 40 column as selected by...

Page 108: ...above the first 64K is tested with a rolling ones test and a pattern test All success and failure messages are displayed on the screen and POST will continue 4 3 2 3Ah Programmable interval timer cha...

Page 109: ...ds installed in the system Memory parity interrupt at address Type S hut off NMI R eboot other keys to continue A memory chip s has failed Check the memory on the system board Unexpected HW interrupt...

Page 110: ...r properly Otherwise replace the powerboard Data on the LCD is unreadable Adjust the brightness and contrast display controls found on the right side of the LCD panel Check if the LCD cables are inser...

Page 111: ...lfunctions Check the connections of all internal devices Replace motherboard Diskette drive does not work Check if floppy drive cable is connected properly Check diskette type if correct and not fault...

Page 112: ...ball ring cover and clean the ball and the rollers inside Replace trackball module Check the keyboard controller chip for any cold or loosed soldering Replace the motherboard Serial device does not wo...

Page 113: ...signal animation The art of making things appear to move in two dimensional 2 D or three dimensional 3 D space and making events happen over time applications programs Software designed to perform sp...

Page 114: ...called baud rate board Printed circuit board Board onto which computer components are soldered and thin wires are printed to connect the components boot To start up a computer See cold boot and warm...

Page 115: ...attery that preserves clock calendar data and system con figuration parameters stored in CMOS cold boot Process of starting up the computer by turning on the power If power is already on the process m...

Page 116: ...gital audio Recorded sounds such as speech and sound effects These are played back by the sound card s Digital to Analog Converter DAC digital sound A description of a sound wave that consists of bina...

Page 117: ...et of keys on the keyboard usually F1 through F12 that let you get help and error message information or quickly select fre quently used commands hard disk A rigid magnetic storage device that provide...

Page 118: ...face A connection that enables two devices to communicate interrupt A special control signal from an I O device that diverts the attention of the microprocessor from the program to a special address k...

Page 119: ...grams or options microprocessor A semiconductor central processing unit that is the principal com ponent of a microcomputer Usually contained on a single chip that includes an arithmetic logic unit co...

Page 120: ...by an internal battery The backup battery preserves the clock calendar data and system configuration pa rameters stored in CMOS See volatile memory operating system Set of programs that manage the ove...

Page 121: ...e de vices Types of PCMCIA cards currently offered by major vendors include fax modems LAN storage cards and wireless communica tions devices peripheral Input or output device not under direct compute...

Page 122: ...ata is retrieved in a nonsequential manner read To extract data from a storage device such as a diskette ROM Read Only Memory Memory in which stored data cannot be modi fied by the user except under s...

Page 123: ...tion one bit at a time serial printer A printer with a serial interface software Programs that run on a computer such as operating systems word processors and spreadsheets system board The main printe...

Page 124: ...are vola tile memory See nonvolatile memory warm boot Process of resetting the computer without turning off the power through keyboard input pressing Ctrl Alt and Del keys simultane ously or the reset...

Page 125: ...point unit 3 4 Floppy disk drive 3 11 Function keys 1 7 Functional block diagram 3 2 G Graphics engine 3 8 H Handling battery packs 4 3 Hard disk drive 1 2 Hard disk drive compartment 1 10 Hard disk...

Page 126: ...oving the hard disk drive 4 15 Removing the keyboard 4 13 Removing the motherboard 4 19 Removing the powerboard 4 17 Removing the system top cover 4 15 Removing the trackball assembly 4 15 Replacing t...

Page 127: ...Index 3...

Page 128: ...However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined b...

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