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9.1.12
Depending on landing gear configuration, some trailers are equipped with fifth wheel safety chain
supports that must be disengaged prior to dumping to avoid vehicle damage.
9.2
LOADING PROCEDURES AND METHODS
9.2.1
HOPPER
Hopper loading provides the opportunity to load a trailer more uniformly since the load is metered
and flows from above the trailer. The end dump trailer may be slowly advanced forward during
loading to accomplish this.
9.2.2
END LOADER
The most common method of loading a trailer is with a front-end loader. It has several
disadvantages. The loader operator, not being able to see where to dump the load, may load off
center, which can create problems when the trailer is dumped. Loader operators have a tendency
to hit the trailer side boards or top rail with the lift arms and bucket, causing damage. The trailer
operator should always check the distribution of load in the trailer and inspect for any board/top rail
damage.
9.2.3
CROWN LOADING
Crown loading is a way of distributing a load fore or aft to place weight over axles to get maximum
legal load distribution.
9.3
TARPING
9.3.1
Tarping should be used to prevent commodities such as sand, gravel, rubbish, etc., from damaging
other vehicles following the trailer. Tarping is mandatory on dumps in several states. When tarping
is not used, the dump body of the vehicle should only be filled within 6 inches of the top of the side
board/top rail. There are several means available for spreading and removing tarps without
requiring the operator to work on the trailer. These means should be used when practicable.
9.4
COMMODITIES
9.4.1 Consideration should be given to the numerous types of commodities to be hauled in a dump
trailer. Commodities, such as lime, cement, or clay, are best hauled dry. If they become wet they
may hang up in the dump body. When hauling bricks, cement slab sections, etc., the body should
have a cushioned floor to absorb loading impact. Sludge requires a watertight tailgate to contain the
liquid. When hauling wet material in freezing weather the interior body surfaces should be treated
with a solution, or the vehicle exhaust may be diverted through the dump body to prevent the
material from freezing to the body.
BE SURE OVERHEAD IS CLEAR OF OBSTRUCTIONS, SUCH AS
POWER LINES, BEFORE RAISING DUMP TRAILER!
