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LTC2944

1

2944fa

For more information 

www.linear.com/LTC2944

Typical applicaTion 

FeaTures

DescripTion

60V Battery Gas Gauge 

with Temperature, Voltage  

and Current Measurement

The 

LTC

®

2944

 measures battery charge state, battery volt-

age, battery current and its own temperature in portable 

product applications. The wide input voltage range allows 

use with multicell batteries up to 60V. A precision coulomb 

counter integrates current through a sense resistor between 

the battery’s positive terminal and the load or charger. 

Voltage, current and temperature are measured with an 

internal 14-bit No Latency Δ

Σ

™ ADC. The measurements 

are stored in internal registers accessible via the onboard 

I

2

C/SMBus Interface.

The LTC2944 features programmable high and low thresh-

olds for all four measured quantities. If a programmed 

threshold is exceeded, the device communicates an alert 

using either the SMBus alert protocol or by setting a flag 

in the internal status register. The LTC2944 requires only 

a  single  low  value  sense  resistor  to  set  the  measured 

current range.

Total Charge Error vs

Differential Sense Voltage

applicaTions

 

n

Measures Accumulated Battery Charge  

and Discharge

 

n

3.6V to 60V Operating Range for Multiple Cells

 

n

14-Bit ADC Measures Voltage, Current  

and Temperature

 

n

1% Voltage, Current and Charge Accuracy

 

n

±50mV Sense Voltage Range

 

n

High Side Sense

 

n

I

2

C Interface/SMBus Interface

 

n

General Purpose Measurements for Any Battery 

Chemistry and Capacity

 

n

Configurable Alert Output/Charge Complete Input

 

n

Quiescent Current Less Than 150µA

 

n

Small 8-Lead 3mm × 3mm DFN Package

 

n

Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles

 

n

Power Tools

 

n

Electric Bicycles, Motorcycles, Scooters

 

n

High Power Portable Equipment

 

n

Photo Voltaics

 

n

Backup Battery Systems

All registered trademarks and trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 

SENSE

+

ALCC

SDA

SCL

LTC2944

CHARGER

2k

2k

2k

1A

LOAD

R

SENSE

50mΩ

MULTICELL

Li-ION

2944 TA01a

SENSE

+

GND

1µF

V

DD

3.3V

µP

V

SENSE

 (mV)

0.1

–1

CHARGE ERROR (%)

0

–2

2

1

1

10

100

2944 TA01b

–3

3

V

SENSE

+

 = 3.6V TO 60V

Summary of Contents for LTC2944

Page 1: ...s register The LTC2944 requires only a single low value sense resistor to set the measured current range Total Charge Error vs Differential Sense Voltage Applications n n Measures Accumulated Battery...

Page 2: ...ENSE Note 8 400 k qLSB Charge LSB Note 4 Prescaler M 4096 Default RSENSE 50m 0 340 mAh The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range otherwise specifications a...

Page 3: ...ms Current Measurement ADC Resolution No Missing Codes Note 8 l 12 Bits VFS I Full Scale Current Conversion 64 mV VSENSE Sense Voltage Differential Input Range VSENSE VSENSE l 50 mV ILSB Quantization...

Page 4: ...age mode 12 bit ADC in current mode and 11 bit ADC in temperature mode is not the same as the LSB of the respective combined 16 bit registers See the Voltage Current and Temperature Registers section...

Page 5: ...R 1 00 0 50 0 25 0 1 00 0 25 20 30 40 50 60 2944 G02 0 75 0 50 0 75 10 70 VSENSE 10mV VSENSE 50mV VSENSE V 1 0 GAIN ERROR 0 5 0 1 0 20 2944 G08 0 5 0 10 30 40 50 60 70 TA 45 C TA 85 C TA 25 C VSENSE m...

Page 6: ...ing to the SMBus alert response protocol It behaves as an open drain logic outputthatpullstoGNDwhenanythresholdregistervalue isexceeded Whenconfiguredasachargecompleteinput connect to the charge compl...

Page 7: ...ck Diagram VSUPPLY COULOMB COUNTER LTC2944 2944 BD REFERENCE GENERATOR TEMPERATURE SENSOR ACCUMULATED CHARGE REGISTER OSCILLATOR F 10kHz CLK I2 C SMBUS CC AL ALCC SCL SDA REF CLK REF REF ADC DATA AND...

Page 8: ...e is read via the I2C interface Voltage Current and Temperature ADC The LTC2944 includes a 14 bit No Latency analog to digital converter with internal clock and voltage reference circuits The ADC can...

Page 9: ...ure alerts is reported in the status register shown in Table 2 Table 2 Status Register A BIT NAME OPERATION DEFAULT A 7 Reserved A 6 Current Alert Indicates one of the current limits was exceeded 0 A...

Page 10: ...egister C D to FFFFh 00 ALCC pin disabled 11 Not allowed 10 B 0 Shutdown Shut down analog section to reduce ISUPPLY 0 Power Down B 0 Setting B 0 to 1 shuts down the analog parts of the LTC2944 reducin...

Page 11: ...ith a large battery choosing RSENSE according to RSENSE 50mV IMAX can lead to a qLSB smaller than QBAT 216 and the 16 bit accu mulated charge register may underflow before the battery is exhausted or...

Page 12: ...the ADC is in sleep mode A single conversion of the three measured quantities is initiated by setting the bit B 7 6 to 01 After three conversions voltage current and temperature the ADC resets B 7 6...

Page 13: ...em sequentially as shown in Figure 11 Voltage Registers I J and Voltage Threshold Registers K L M N The result of the 16 bit ADC conversion of the voltage at SENSE is stored in the voltage registers I...

Page 14: ...RESULTDEC 65535 Example a register value of U 7 0 96h V 7 0 96h corresponds to 300K or 27 C Ahightemperaturelimitof60 Cisprogrammedbysetting register W to A7h Note that the temperature threshold regis...

Page 15: ...the master sends a command byte which indicates which internal registerthemasteristowrite TheLTC2944acknowledges and latches the command byte into its internal register address pointer The master deli...

Page 16: ...ondition fol lowed by the same seven bit address with the R W bit now set to one The LTC2944 acknowledges and sends the contents of the requested register The transmission is ended when the master sen...

Page 17: ...hich can be prevented by adding Schottky diodes as shown in Figure 14 S R ALERT RESPONSE ADDRESS DEVICE ADDRESS 2944 F10 A 1 0001100 11001000 0 1 P A S W ADDRESS REGISTER S 2944 F11 A A ADDRESS 0 1100...

Page 18: ...ALL NOT EXCEED 0 15mm ON ANY SIDE 5 EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED 6 SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION ON TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE 0 40 0 10 BOTTOM VIEW EXPOSED PAD 1 65 0 10 2 S...

Page 19: ...o be accurate and reliable However noresponsibilityisassumedforitsuse LinearTechnologyCorporationmakesnorepresenta tion that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe o...

Page 20: ...tor and Temperature Voltage Measurement 2 7V to 5 5V Operation 14 Bit ADC 6 Lead 2mm 3mm DFN Package LTC4150 Coulomb Counter Battery Gas Gauge 2 7V to 8 5V Operation 10 Pin MSOP Package Battery Charge...

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