4 DePuy Synthes Trauma Titanium Cannulated Tibial Nail Expert Nailing System Surgical Technique
ao PrIncIPleS
1. müller me, allgöwer m, Schneider r, Willenegger h.
Manual of Internal
Fixation
, 3rd edition. berlin: Springer-verlag. 1991.
In 1958, the ao formulated four basic principles, which have
become the guidelines for internal fixation.
1
they are:
Anatomic reduction
fracture reduction and fixation to restore anatomical
relationships.
Stable fixation
Stability by fixation or splintage, as the personality
of the fracture and the injury requires.
Preservation of blood supply
Preservation of blood supply to soft tissue and bone
by careful handling.
Early, active mobilization
early, active mobilization of the part and patient.
