Joannes Clizia 24 AS, Instructions For Use, Installation And Maintenance

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CLIZIA D 24 AS
33 RU
cod. 3541C810 - Rev. 00 - 09/2012
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ( ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɨɩɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ
ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ )
Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɧɭɠɧɭɸ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ . ɉɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ
ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɞɵ .
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ( ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɨɩɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ )
Ɂɚɞɚɣɬɟ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ ɧɭɠɧɭɸ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ . Ʉɨɬɟɥ ɛɭɞɟɬ
ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ , ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ . ȼ ɬɨɦ , ɱɬɨ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɫ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ Ⱦɍ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ , ɫɦ .
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɧɚ ɷɬɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ .
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ECO/COMFORT
Ʉɨɬɟɥ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ , ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɜɵɫɨɤɭɸ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ Ƚȼɋ ɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ . Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɷɬɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɡɚɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɨ
( ɪɟɠɢɦ COMFORT), ɨɧɨ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɟɣɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɬɥɟ ɜɨɞɵ , ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɹ ɬɟɦ
ɫɚɦɵɦ ɧɟɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɢ ɤɪɚɧɚ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɹɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
ɠɞɚɬɶ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ .
Ⱦɚɧɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ ( ɪɟɠɢɦ ECO), ɧɚɠɚɜ
ɤɥɚɜɢɲɭ eco/comfort ( ɩɨɡ . 7 - ɪɢɫ . 1). ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ECO ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ
ɜɵɫɜɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ ( ɩɨɡ . 12 - ɪɢɫ . 1). Ⱦɥɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ
" ɄɈɆɎɈɊɌ " ɫɧɨɜɚ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ " ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɧɵɣ "/" Ʉɨɦɮɨɪɬ " ( ɩɨɡ . 7 - ɪɢɫ . 1).
ɉɥɚɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɞɚɬɱɢɤɚ ( ɨɩɰɢɹ ) ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ
" ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ". ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɞɵ , ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ,
ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ , ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ
ɤɪɭɝɥɨɝɨɞɢɱɧɵɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬ ɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɸ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ . ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ , ɩɪɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɞɵ , ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ , ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ " ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɢ ".
ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ , ɡɚɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɧɨɩɨɤ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ( ɉɨɡ .3 - ɪɢɫ . 1), ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ , ɩɨɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ . Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɟɟ ɧɚ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ , ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬɶ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ .
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɵ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦɢ ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ .
ȼ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɚɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬɚ .
Ʉɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ
ɉɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ 5 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ " ɋȻɊɈɋ " ( ɩɨɡ . 6 - ɪɢɫ . 1) ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɜ ɦɟɧɸ
" ɉɥɚɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ "; ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɦɢɝɚɟɬ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "CU".
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ Ƚȼɋ ( ɩɨɡ . 1 - ɪɢɫ . 1) ɞɥɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɧɭɠɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɨɬ 1 ɞɨ 10. ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɧɚ 0, ɪɟɠɢɦ " ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ "
ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ .
ɉɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɤɧɨɩɨɤ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ( ɩɨɡ . 3 - ɪɢɫ . 1) ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ
ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɸ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ; ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɦɢɝɚɟɬ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ "OF". ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ
ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ Ƚȼɋ ( ɩɨɡ . 1 - ɪɢɫ . 1) ɞɥɹ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɢɜɵɯ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ ( ɪɢɫ . 6).
ɉɪɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɦ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ 5 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ " ɋɛɪɨɫ " ( ɩɨɡ 6 - ɪɢɫ . 1) ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɯɨɞ ɢɡ
ɦɟɧɸ " ɉɥɚɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ".
ȿɫɥɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɢɠɟ ɧɭɠɧɨɣ , ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɧɚɨɛɨɪɨɬ . Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɭɣɬɟ , ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɹ ɧɚ
ɨɞɧɭ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɹ , ɤɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɷɬɨ ɫɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ .
ɪɢɫ . 6 - ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ
A
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɤɨɬɥɭ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ ( ɨɩɰɢɹ ) ɜɵɲɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ
ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ . 1
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɨɪɚ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ , ɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɨɟ ɝɢɞɪɨɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɤɨɬɥɚ ( ɩɨɡ . 17 - ɪɢɫ . 1),
ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ 1,0 ɛɚɪ . ȿɫɥɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɭɩɚɞɟɬ ɞɨ
ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɧɢɠɟ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɣ , ɤɨɬɟɥ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɜɟɬɢɬɫɹ ɨɲɢɛɤɚ F37 .
ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɪɚɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɥɢɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ ( ɩɨɡ . 1 - ɪɢɫ . 7) ɞɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ .
ɉɨ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɡɚɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɤɪɚɧ ɡɚɥɢɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ .
ɪɢɫ . 7 - Ʉɪɚɧ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɥɢɜɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ
3. ɆɈɇɌȺɀ
3.1 ɍɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ
ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ ɂ ɇȺɋɌɊɈɃɄȺ ȽɈɊȿɅɄɂ ȾɈɅɀɇȺ ɈɋɍɓȿɋɌȼɅəɌɖɋə ɌɈɅɖɄɈ
ɋɉȿɐɂȺɅɂɁɂɊɈȼȺɇɇɕɆ ɉȿɊɋɈɇȺɅɈɆ , ɂɆȿɘɓɂɆ ɉɊɈȼȿɊȿɇɇɍɘ
ɄȼȺɅɂɎɂɄȺɐɂɘ , ɉɊɂ ɋɈȻɅɘȾȿɇɂɂ ɉɊɂȼȿȾȿɇɇɕɏ ȼ ɇȺɋɌɈəɓȿɆ
ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɈɆ ɊɍɄɈȼɈȾɋɌȼȿ ɍɄȺɁȺɇɂɃ , ɉɊȿȾɉɂɋȺɇɂɃ ȾȿɃɋɌȼɍɘɓȿȽɈ
ɁȺɄɈɇɈȾȺɌȿɅɖɋɌȼȺ , ɉɈɅɈɀȿɇɂɃ ɆȿɋɌɇɕɏ ɇɈɊɆ ɂ ɉɊȺȼɂɅ , ɂ ȼ
ɋɈɈɌȼȿɌɋɌȼɂɂ ɋ ɉɊɂɇəɌɕɆɂ ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɂɆɂ ɌɊȿȻɈȼȺɇɂəɆɂ .
3.2 Ɇɟɫɬɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
Ʉɚɦɟɪɚ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨ ɢɡɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ
ɫɪɟɞɵ , ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɜ ɥɸɛɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ . Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ , ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɬɟɥ , ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɭɸ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɯɨɬɹ ɛɵ ɦɚɥɵɯ
ɭɬɟɱɟɤ ɝɚɡɚ . ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɟ ȿɗɋ ʋ 2009/142 ɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɧɨɪɦɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ , ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚ ɝɚɡɟ , ɜ ɬɨɦ
ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ ɫ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ .
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɦ EN 297 pr A6 ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɩɪɢ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɧɟ ɧɢɠɟ -5°C. Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɩɨɞ ɫɤɚɬɨɦ ɤɪɵɲɢ ,
ɧɚ ɛɚɥɤɨɧɟ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɭɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɨɬ ɧɟɩɨɝɨɞɵ ɧɢɲɟ .
ȼ ɥɸɛɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɵɥɶ , ɨɝɧɟɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ
ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɢɥɢ ɟɞɤɢɟ ɝɚɡɵ .
Ʉɨɬɟɥ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɜɟɫɤɢ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɭ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ ɫ ɩɨɞɜɟɫɧɵɦ ɤɪɨɧɲɬɟɣɧɨɦ .
ɉɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ ɤɪɨɧɲɬɟɣɧ ɤ ɫɬɟɧɟ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ , ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɥɨɠɤɟ
ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ , ɢ ɩɨɞɜɟɫɶɬɟ ɧɚ ɧɟɝɨ ɤɨɬɟɥ . ɉɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɚɡɭ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɲɚɛɥɨɧ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɦɟɬɤɢ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɟ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɩɪɨɫɜɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɟɩɟɠɧɵɯ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣ . ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ
ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɟ ɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɥɚ .
A
ȿɫɥɢ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɤɨɦ ɤ ɫɬɟɧɟ , ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ , ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɞɟɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ
ɤɨɠɭɯɚ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ .
3.3 Ƚɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
B
ɋɥɢɜɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɨ
ɫ ɜɨɪɨɧɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɫɨ ɫɥɢɜɧɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɣ ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɨɥ ɜ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ . ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ
ɡɚɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ
B
ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ ɤ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ,
ɭɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶ , ɱɬɨ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɦɫɹ ɜɢɞɟ ɝɚɡɚ
ɢ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɜɫɟ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ȼɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɲɬɭɰɟɪɚɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɭ ɧɚ ɢ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɦɢ , ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɟ .
ɉɪɢɦ .: ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɦ ɛɚɣɩɚɫɨɦ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ .
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ , ɟɫɥɢ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ 25° Fr (1°F = 10 ɩɩɦ CaCO
3
),
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɚ , ɱɬɨɛɵ
ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɤɢɩɢ ɜ ɤɨɬɥɟ .
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ , ɠɢɞɤɢɟ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɵ , ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɵ
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɠɢɞɤɢɯ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɨɜ , ɞɨɛɚɜɨɤ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɨɜ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ , ɟɫɥɢ ɢɯ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɞɚɟɬ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɸ , ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɳɭɸ , ɱɬɨ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹ
ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɜɢɞɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɢɬ ɜɪɟɞɚ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤɭ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɭɸɳɢɦ ɢ / ɢɥɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ , ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ . Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɠɢɞɤɢɟ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɵ , ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɵ , ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɥɹ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɯ ɢ ɧɟɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɵɟ ɫ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢ , ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ
ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ .
3.4 ɉɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɝɚɡɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɭ
Ƚɚɡɨɜɭɸ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɤ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ ( ɫɦ . ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɧɚ ɨɛɥɨɠɤɟ ) ɩɪɢ
ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ , ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɣ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɢɥɢ ɛɟɫɲɨɜɧɨɝɨ
ɝɢɛɤɨɝɨ ɲɥɚɧɝɚ ɢɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ . Ɇɟɠɞɭ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɶɸ ɢ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ
ɝɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɶ . ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɫɟɯ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ .
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɟɧɸ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ
ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ , ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ .
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɝɨ
ɜɨɞɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ( Ƚȼɋ )
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɟɧɸ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ
ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ , ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ .
ɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ " Ʌɟɬɨ "/" Ɂɢɦɚ "
Ɋɟɠɢɦ " Ʌɟɬɨ " ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɨɦ ɧɚɞ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ ɧɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ
ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ , ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɢɬɶ ɨɬ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ .
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ " ɗɄɈɇɈɆɂɑɇɕɃ "/
" ɄɈɆɎɈɊɌ "
ɉɪɢ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ Ƚȼɋ ɫ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɤɨɬɟɥ
ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦ " ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɧɵɣ " (ECO). ȼ ɷɬɢɯ
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɤɧɨɩɤɚ " ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɧɵɣ "/" Ʉɨɦɮɨɪɬ " (
ɩɨɡ
. 7 - ɪɢɫ . 1)
ɧɚ
ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɡɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ .
ɉɪɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ Ƚȼɋ ɫ ɩɭɥɶɬɚ Ⱦɍ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ ɤɨɬɟɥ
ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦ " Ʉɨɦɮɨɪɬ ". ȼ ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ " ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɧɵɣ "/" Ʉɨɦɮɨɪɬ " (
ɩɨɡ
. 7 - ɪɢɫ . 1)
ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɢɡ ɷɬɢɯ
ɞɜɭɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ .
ɉɥɚɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
Ʉɚɤ ɩɭɥɶɬ Ⱦɍ ɫ ɬɚɣɦɟɪɨɦ , ɬɚɤ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɛɥɨɤ ɤɨɬɥɚ
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ " ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ": ɢɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬ ɢɦɟɟɬ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɛɥɨɤ ɤɨɬɥɚ .
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
85
20 10 0 -10 -20
1
2
3
4
5
6
8 9 10
7
20 10 0 -10 -20
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
85
1
2
3
4
5 6 8 9 10 7
OFFSET = 20 OFFSET = 40
1