50
Appendix A
Common material emissivity
（
FYI
）
Material
Surface
Temperature C
°
Emissivity
（
ε
）
Aluminum
Non- oxidized
100
0.20
Oxidized
100
0.55
Brass
Burnished to Brown
20
0.40
Dull luster
38
0.22
Oxidized
100
0.61
Copper
Seriously Oxidized
20
0.78
Iron
Oxidized
100
0.74
Rusty
25
0.65
Cast iron
Oxidized
200
0.64
Non- Oxidized
100
0.21
Wrought iron
Quarry-faced
25
0.94
Polished
38
0.28
Nickel
Oxidized
200
0.37
Stainless steel
Oxidized
60
0.85
Steel
Oxidized
200
0.79
Common brick
Surface
20
0.93
Concrete
Surface
20
0.92
Glass
Polished plate
20
0.94
Lacquer
White
100
0.92
Black
100
0.97
Carbon
Smoke black
25
0.95
Candle soot
20
0.95
Rough lead surface
20
0.98
Oil paint
Value of 16 colors
100
0.94
Paper
White
20
0.93
Sand soil
Surface
20
0.90
Timber
Dressed
20
0.90
Water
Distilled water
20
0.96
Skin
Human
32
0.98
Ceramic
Thin
21
0.90
Thick
21
0.93
