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Little Ben

Little Ben is an HP application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) that is connected between the
chipset and the processor. It has been designed to act as a companion to the Super I/O chip. It
contains the following:

•

hard and soft control for the power supply

• BIOS

timer

•

hardware wired 50 ms long 880 Hz beep module

•

automatic blinker that feeds the LEDs module with a 1 Hz oscillator signal

•

flash access and protection (supporting 128, 256 or 512 KB ROMs)

•

Super I/O protection

• glue

logic

•

support for SMIs (for Intel’s SMM mode): enhanced keyboard lock, external wake-up

•

IRQ generator controlled by software

•

SMI generator controlled by software

•

programmable chip selects

Little Ben is powered by battery, so its consumption has to be as low as possible. When
VccState and PowerGood pins are both low, all output pins are in tri-state mode, except for
RemoteOnBen which continues to be driven. This allows the PC to be restarted even after a
power loss has occurred.

If the BIOS needs to turn off the PC, it must ensure that the PC is not locked by Little Ben’s
lock bit. If it is, the power remains on, a red light is illuminated, and a buzzer is activated.

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Summary of Contents for Vectra XM 4 Series

Page 1: ...Technical Reference Manual Hardware and BIOS HP Vectra XM 5 xx Series 4 PC ...

Page 2: ... by Hewlett Packard This document contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright All rights are reserved No part of this document may be photocopied reproduced or translated into another language without the prior written consent of Hewlett Packard Company Centronics is a U S registered trademark of Centronics Data Computer Corporation Microsoft Windows and MS DOS are registered ...

Page 3: ... readily available from other sources such as manufacturer s proprietary publications has not been reproduced This manual contains summary information only For additional reference material refer to the bibliography CONVENTIONS The following conventions are used throughout this manual to identify specific elements Hexadecimal numbers are identified by a lower case h For example 0FFFFFFFh or 32F5h ...

Page 4: ...Guide D3960 90901 HP Network Administrator s Guide 5964 1467 HP Vectra Accessories Service Handbook 5th edition 5963 8034 HP Vectra PC Service Handbook Volume 1 9th edition 5963 8033 HP Support Assistant CD ROM The following Intel publication provides more detailed information Pentium Microprocessor Data Sheet 241595 002 ...

Page 5: ...E TO FIND THE INFORMATION 10 2 SYSTEM BOARD 12 PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS AND FEATURES 12 THE BACKPLANE 14 ARCHITECTURAL VIEW 15 DEVICES ON THE PROCESSOR LOCAL BUS 15 THE INTEL PENTIUM MICROPROCESSOR 16 CACHE MEMORY 17 MAIN MEMORY 17 DEVICES ON THE PCI BUS 18 VIDEO CONTROLLER 18 INTEGRATED DRIVE ELECTRONICS IDE 19 OTHER PCI ACCESSORY DEVICES 20 DEVICES ON THE ISA BUS 20 SUPER I O CONTROLLER 21 SYSTEM RO...

Page 6: ...1 TAPE DRIVES 31 INTERNAL CONNECTORS 32 4 SUMMARY OF THE HP PHOENIX BIOS 34 SETUP PROGRAM 34 MAIN MENU 34 CONFIGURATION MENU 34 SECURITY MENU 35 POWER MENU 36 HP PHOENIX BIOS DESCRIPTION 36 I O ADDRESSES USED BY THE SYSTEM 38 BIOS I O PORT MAP 39 ADDRESSING SYSTEM BOARD COMPONENTS 40 5 FACILITIES OF THE BIOS 42 REMOTE POWER ON RPO 42 DESKTOP MANAGEMENT INTERFACE DMI 46 6 POWER ON SELF TESTS AND ER...

Page 7: ...ith 5 accessory slots 4 standard Hard disk drive Enhanced Ethernet 10 Base T LAN board BNC coax hole metal plug Network I O panel IIdentification label RJ 45 network connector Cover lock BNC coax hole metal plug New I O panel 4 accessory slot panel blanks Power connector Mouse Keyboard Parallel port Serial Port A Serial Port B Display INTERNAL FEATURES Diagrams of the double sided back plane and t...

Page 8: ... A Input power max 150 W Input frequency 47 Hz to 63 Hz Heat dissipation 150 W Available power 100 W continuous 15 W max 15 W max Max current at 12 V 4 A 0 5 A 1 5 A Max current at 12 V 0 3 A 0 1 A 0 3 A Max current at 5V 13 5 A 4 5 A 4 5 A Max current at 5V 0 1 A 0 1 A Input power when turned Off Available power when Off Available current when Off Less than 5 W 0 1 W 0 05 A When the PC is Off but...

Page 9: ... 10000 ft 3100m max Storage Altitude 15000ft 4600m max Operating temperature and humidity ranges may vary depending upon the mass storage devices installed High humidity levels can cause improper operation of disk drives Low humidity levels can aggravate static electricity problems and cause excessive wear of the disk surface CONTROL PANEL The control status panel of the HP Vectra XM 5 xx series 4...

Page 10: ...Handbook Volume 1 9th Edition printable PCL file yes 5963 8033 HPVectra Accessory Service Handbook 5th Edition printable PCL file yes 5963 8034 Network Administrators Guide WinHelp format yes 5964 1467 WHERE TO FIND THE INFORMATION The following table summarizes the availability of information within the HP Vectra XM 5 xx series 4 PC documentation set In addition documentation is available for eac...

Page 11: ...ense agreement Upgrading the PC Opening the PC Full details Supported accessories Part number details Full PN details Full PN details Installing accessories How to install New procedures Configuring devices Installing drivers Configuring peripherals Fields and their options within Setup Complete list New fields Key fields Repairing the PC Troubleshooting Basic Repair policy Service notes Advanced ...

Page 12: ...ly more than 3 3 V and therefore need an active VRE voltage regulator module VRM in which the voltage is derived both from the 3 3 V and 5 V outlets of the power supply System Board Switches The functions of the system board switches used for configuring the PC are summarized in the following table Switch Function Default 1 4 Processor frequency see the table under Bus Frequencies later in this ch...

Page 13: ...s the network board with its power whilst the rest of the PC is turned off It also includes the control lines which the network board uses to turn on the main power supply and to send or receive other control and status information Super I O Chip The Super I O chip driven from the ISA bus provides the control for two slow mass storage devices any suitable combination of flexible disk and tape driv...

Page 14: ...2437FX PCI Cache and Memory Controller Cache Controller Write Buffer PCI Master Main Memory Controller PCI Slave THE BACKPLANE The left hand side of the double sided back plane as viewed from the front of the PC is shown in the diagram below It shows two accessory slots on the PCI bus two on the ISA bus and one that lies on either bus Thus there are three PCI accessory sockets and three ISA bus ac...

Page 15: ...inal section describes the devices on the system board that are associated with the Industry Standard Architecture ISA bus Pentium Processor 256 KB Level Two Cache Intel Triton 82437 8FX Chipset Memory 8 MB 128 MB Intel 82371FB PCI ISA Bridge S3 Trio Video Controller Enhanced Ethernet Controller PCI Accessory Board Slots Processor Local Bus PCI Bus IDE Controller Chan nel 1 Chan nel 2 I ISA Bus SM...

Page 16: ...branch prediction the processor uses two prefetch buffers One buffer is used to prefetch instruction code in a linear way and one to prefetch instruction code depending on the contents of the branch target buffer BTB The BTB is a small cache which keeps a record of the way that the instruction branched the last time it was used When this information leads to a correct prediction on the subsequent ...

Page 17: ...irst cycle in each burst of four always requires more time to complete than the three subsequent cycles This is because the first cycle includes the addressing phase and pre charge timing for memory The read and write access timing has the pattern 3 1 1 1 The L2 cache memory when fitted also has a 32 byte line size It is controlled by the PL PCI bridge chip see page 10 in the system board chip set...

Page 18: ... PL PCI bridge is implemented within the Intel 82437FX chip It is responsible for transferring data between the Processor Local bus and the PCI bus As a PCI bus slave this chip becomes the PL bus master to generate DRAM requests on behalf of other PCI bus masters It supports PCI bus burst cycles posted writes to DRAM for PCI burst writes and read ahead from DRAM for PCI burst reads As a PCI bus ma...

Page 19: ... bit access drivers Transfer Rates Versus Modes of Operation There is an eight by 32 bit buffer for Bus Master IDE PCI burst transfers The controller supports 32 bit Windows and DOS I O transfers many IDE controllers use Windows integral IDE driver which only supports 16 bit I O transfers It has PCI master capability with a cycle time of 90 ns and a maximum transfer rate of 22 MB per second It sup...

Page 20: ... XM 5 xx series 4 PC has a PnP level 1 0A BIOS and meets the Windows 95 Required level for Plug and Play Accessory boards which are Plug and Play are automatically configured by the BIOS Windows 3 11 or by the operating system Windows 95 DEVICES ON THE ISA BUS The PCI ISA Bridge chip otherwise known as PIIX or as the system I O chip SIO A is an Intel 82371FB It is responsible for transferring data...

Page 21: ...nd a non burst DMA option It has a 16 byte FIFO though this is disabled by default It supports burst and non burst modes It provides perpendicular recording drive support It has a high performance internal digital data separator no external filter components are required It provides automatic media sense support Keyboard and Mouse Controller The PC has an 8042 based keyboard and mouse controller t...

Page 22: ...Secure Mode switch on the system switches and to type in the System Administrator s Password when starting up the computer The PCI and PnP information is erased in the process The procedure for performing the update using a command of the form PHLASH GW07xx FUL is given in the User s Guide that is supplied with the computer Do not switch off the computer until the system BIOS update procedure has ...

Page 23: ...lay configuration resources for an ISA board have to be reserved first using a utility under Windows 95 or ICU for DOS Windows and then you can plug in your board When you run a non Plug and Play operating system such as Windows for Workgroups if you want to install an ISA board you have to reserve the resources for the board using the ICU for Windows Failure to do so may lead to resource conflict...

Page 24: ...e controller gives 32 bit video memory access with 1 MB of video RAM fitted This is increased to 64 bit access when the additional 1 MB upgrade is installed There is no orientation key to determine the polarity of the upgrade chips so care must be exercised to align the point on the chips with the white dot on the system board place the cut edge of the chips towards the left side of the PC A speci...

Page 25: ... 175 02h VGA text 80 x 25 chars b w 70 31 5 28 322 03h VGA text 80 x 25 chars 16 70 31 5 25 175 03h VGA text 80 x 25 chars 16 70 31 5 25 175 03h VGA text 80 x 25 chars 16 70 31 5 28 322 04h VGA graph 320 x 200 4 70 31 5 25 175 05h VGA graph 320 x 200 4 70 31 5 25 175 06h VGA graph 640 x 200 2 70 31 5 25 175 07h VGA text 80 x 25 chars b w 70 31 5 28 322 07h VGA text 80 x 25 chars b w 70 31 5 28 322...

Page 26: ... 36 000 6Ah 102h graph 800 x 600 16 60 37 9 40 000 6Ah 102h graph 800 x 600 16 72 48 1 50 000 6Ah 102h graph 800 x 600 16 75 47 5 49 500 6Ah 102h graph 800 x 600 16 85 53 6 56 000 6Bh 103h graph 800 x 600 256 60 37 9 40 000 6Bh 103h graph 800 x 600 256 72 48 1 50 000 6Bh 103h graph 800 x 600 256 75 46 8 49 500 6Bh 103h graph 800 x 600 256 85 53 6 56 000 6Ch 104h graph 1024 x 768 16 43i 35 5 44 900...

Page 27: ...6 57 000 Extended Video Modes with 2 MB DRAM Extended Mode No VESA Mode No Inter face Type Resolution No of Colors Vertical Refresh Hz Horizontal Refresh kHz Dot Clock MHz 6Fh 107h graph 1280 x 1024 256 45i 46 40 000 6Fh 107h graph 1280 x 1024 256 60 65 55 000 6Fh 107h graph 1280 x 1024 256 72 77 7 65 000 6Fh 107h graph 1280 x 1024 256 75 79 5 67 000 75h 115h graph 800 x 600 16 7 M 60 37 9 40 000 ...

Page 28: ... per pixel Interlaced The following table summarizes the video resolutions that can be supported provided that suitable drivers are available for the chosen operating system SCO Unix only supports 15 BPP instead of 16 BPP and does not support 32 BPP Number of Colors 16 256 32 K 64 K Hi Color 16 7 M True Color Bits per Pixel 4 8 15 16 32 640 x 480 1 MB 1 MB 2 MB 800 x 600 1 MB 1 MB 2 MB for OS 2 2 ...

Page 29: ...y configures the system Use of the VESA feature connector will disable the 1 MB video memory upgrade if one is installed Only the standard 1 MB of video memory will be used ENHANCED ETHERNET NETWORK BOARD The Enhanced Ethernet Network board AMD PCnet PCI II AM79C970A is supplied on all models in a PCI accessory slot underneath the internal hard disk drive rear shelf It is plugged into the PCI acce...

Page 30: ... in chapter 2 The flexible disk and tape drive controller is described in chapter 2 HARD DISK DRIVES One of the two 3 5 inch hard disk drive which is characterized in the table below is supplied on an internal rear shelf in some models The lower 3 5 inch front access shelf can be used to accommodate an extra hard disk drive such as D2918A D2929A D2925A or D2930A 1 2 GB IDE 850 MB IDE HP product nu...

Page 31: ...e disk drive D2035B is supplied on the top front access shelf of all models CD ROM DRIVES A D2896B quadruple speed 45 IDE CD ROM drive may be supplied on some later models if they are fitted with the D3567B multimedia kit Information on multimedia models was not available at the time of printing The components are liable to variation until the time of introduction TAPE DRIVES A C4330CA 1 36 GB tap...

Page 32: ... 38 CS1 39 DASP 40 Ground Control Panel Connector External Start Connector Pin Signal Pin Signal Pin Signal Pin Signal 1A Error_LED 1B Keylock_LED 1 Ring 2 Ground 2A RstDis_Allow 2B HD_LEDG 3 WAKE1 4 WAKE2 3A Keylock_Button 3B Off_Ask 5 EN_PRO 6 ExtStart 4A PwrGood 4B Remote_On1 7 PWG 8 LANLED 5A Remote_On2 5B 5 Volt supply 9 VSTD 6A Reset_Ask 6B not connected 7A FPanel4 7B Ground System Board Pow...

Page 33: ...Socket Pin Layouts Ethernet UTP Connector VGA Connector Keyboard and Mouse Connector Serial Port Connector Parallel Port Connector ...

Page 34: ... for information only and fields whose contents become frozen by the setting of a value in some other field Such fields are displayed in a different color without the and brackets When the user moves the cursor with the up and down arrow keys such fields are skipped Some fields disappear completely when a choice in another field makes their appearance inappropriate for example the Key auto repeat ...

Page 35: ...multi sector transfers can be disabled or set to 2 4 8 or 16 the translation method can be set to extended or standard the integrated bus adapters can be set to none primary IRQ15 secondary IRQ14 or both SECURITY MENU Sub menus are presented for changing the characteristics and values of the User Password the System Administrator Password the amount of protection against use of the system s drives...

Page 36: ...wing two chapters give an overview of the HP Phoenix BIOS The information is divided into three main sections The Remote Power On RPO which is the mechanism for turning on the PC remotely from the network and the Desktop Management Interface DMI which is the new method for storing and accessing information about the PC described in Chapter 5 The Power On Self Test or POST which is the sequence of ...

Page 37: ... Serial B Bank B 8 MB EDO COM3 None Bank C 8 MB FPM COM4 None Video RAM 1 MB LPT1 378H System Cache None LPT2 None Video Device S3 LPT3 None 1st IDE Device HDD 848 MB Flexible Disk A 1 44 MB 2nd IDE Device None Flexible Disk B None 3rd IDE Device None Display type Not Available 4th IDE Device None ISA PnP Not Installed PCI Slot 1 Not Installed ISA PnP Not Installed PCI Slot 2 Not Installed ISA PnP...

Page 38: ...8h 2EFh 2F8h 2FFh 3E8h 3EFh 3F8h 3FFh Serial port 370h 371h Integrated I O Controller 3B0h 3DFh Integrated video graphics controller 3F0h 3F5h 3F7h Integrated flexible disk drive controller 496h 497h HP reserved 678h 67Bh Parallel port if ECP mode is selected 778h 77Bh Parallel port if ECP mode is selected Refer to the HP BIOS I O Port Map in this chapter for more detailed information System Memor...

Page 39: ...troller 2 8 00C0 00DF DMA controller 2 8 00F0 00FF Co processor error 0170 0177 IDE controller secondary channel 01F0 01F7 IDE controller primary channel 0278 027F Parallel port 3 02E8 02EF Serial port 4 02F8 02FF Serial port 2 0370 0375 Secondary flexible disk controller 0376 IDE controller secondary channel 0377 Secondary flexible disk controller 0378 037F Parallel port 2 03B0 03BB Integrated vi...

Page 40: ... Available Interrupt Controllers The system has two 8259A compatible interrupt controllers They are arranged as a master interrupt controller and a slave that is cascaded through the master The following table shows how the master and slave controllers are connected The Interrupt Requests IRQ are numbered sequentially starting with the master controller and followed by the slave IRQ Interrupt Vect...

Page 41: ...RQ12 can be made available by disabling the mouse interrupt PCI Interrupt Request Lines PCI devices generate interrupt requests using up to four PCI interrupt request lines INTA INTB INTC and INTD When a PCI device makes an interrupt request the request is re directed to the system interrupt controller The interrupt request will be re directed to one of the IRQ lines made available for PCI devices...

Page 42: ...twork accessible 24 hours a day thereby facilitating the current trend toward central PC administration Besides the standard suite of network ready features the HP Vectra XM5 xx series 4 PC includes all the hardware and firmware modifications necessary to implement remote wake up from any state These include special BIOS a Magic Packet compatible integrated LAN chip an external start connector an ...

Page 43: ...on on the front of every Vectra PC keyboard mouse reset and power button disabled Floppy disable this makes sure the PC cannot be disrupted by re booting from a diskette Some RPO hardware are extensions from existing designs that have not been designed for functioning under RPO This implies that hardware has to be initialized by software before RPO is enabled RPO is available when the POST routine...

Page 44: ...and the RPO hardware is powered by VStandby the Off state when everything is powered off and the state that is caused by power failure or unplugging the PC The following diagram gives a more accurate more detailed account of the valid state changes It highlights two limitations of the RPO system power off before the operating system boot procedure has initialized the RPO function or a power failur...

Page 45: ...otection glue logic support for SMIs for Intel s SMM mode enhanced keyboard lock external wake up IRQ generator controlled by software SMI generator controlled by software programmable chip selects Little Ben is powered by battery so its consumption has to be as low as possible When VccState and PowerGood pins are both low all output pins are in tri state mode except for RemoteOnBen which continue...

Page 46: ...DMI Administrators can use remote DMI to query and configure client HP Vectra XM 5 xx series 4 PCs software peripherals manage passwords and many other functions Overview of the DMI Information Structure The system administrator uses the DMI to access information about the PC such as the BIOS version number the serial number the processor type and the size of the hard disk drive This information i...

Page 47: ...ength Value DMI Header Signature 0h 4 bytes DMI Version 4h 1 byte 00010010 Ver 1 2 DMI Header Length 5h 1 byte 0Eh Pointer to DMI structures 0Ah 4 bytes DWORD Far pointer variable Length of DMI structures 0Ch 2 bytes WORD variable Checksum of DMI structures 0Ch 1 byte variable Checksum of DMI header 0Dh 1 byte variable The DMI header is the starting point for all DMI information Verifying the DMI ...

Page 48: ...RD variable Far pointer to string containing BIOS vendor name BIOS Version 6h 4 bytes DWORD variable Far pointer to string containing BIOS version number BIOS Starting Address Ah 2 bytes WORD variable Segment location of BIOS starting address i e E800h BIOS Release Date Ch 4 bytes DWORD variable Far pointer to string containing BIOS release date BIOS Characteristics 10h 4 bytes DWORD variable bit ...

Page 49: ...ng processor family 1 Other 2 Unknown 6 80486 A 80487 B Pentium 20 Power PC Processor Manufacturer 4h 2 bytes WORD variable Near pointer to string containing processor manufacturer s name Processor Version 6h 2 bytes WORD variable Near pointer to string describing the processor Max Speed 8h 2 bytes WORD variable Decimal value of maximum processor speed Example 166d for a 166 MHz processor Processo...

Page 50: ... 0h 1 byte 81h HP Configuration table Length 1h 1 byte 3 Table length Serial Parallel Count 02h 1 byte variable Bits 7 4 Number of integrated parallel ports Bits 3 0 Number of integrated serial ports Type 84h HP System Information Field Offset Length Value Description Type 0h 1 byte 84h HP system information table Length 1h 1 byte Eh Table length System Power on Time 02h 2 bytes variable Short poi...

Page 51: ... be displayed at the end of the POST Pressing the PAUSE BREAK key at any time will allow you to inspect the screen contents Press any key to resume Devices such as memory and hard disks are configured automatically The user is not requested to confirm the change However the user is prompted if a device is found to have gone missing since the previous boot The user can simply accept the new configu...

Page 52: ...t Tests the processor s internal level one cache RAM Test failure causes an error code to display and the boot process to abort Video Tests Initialize the Video Initializes the video subsystem tests the video shadow RAM and if required shadows the video BIOS A failure causes an error code to display but the boot process continues System Board Tests Test External Cache Tests the level two cache A f...

Page 53: ...Mouse Tests Keyboard Test Invokes a built in keyboard self test of the keyboard s microprocessor and tests for the presence of a keyboard and for stuck keyboard keys Test failure causes an error code to display Mouse Test If a mouse is present invokes a built in mouse self test of the mouse s microprocessor and for stuck mouse buttons Test failure causes an error code to display Tests of Flexible ...

Page 54: ...e before attempting to display the error Beep codes are useful for identifying the error when the system is unable to display the error message Beep Code Numeric Code Description 1 2 2 3 16h BIOS ROM checksum failure 1 3 1 1 20h DRAM refresh test failure 1 3 1 3 22h 8742 Keyboard controller test failure 1 3 4 1 2C RAM failure 1 3 4 3 2E RAM failure on data bits in low byte of memory bus 1 4 1 1 30...

Page 55: ...figuration System battery is dead You may get this message if the PC is disconnected for a few days When you Power on the PC run Setup to update the configuration information The message should no longer be displayed Should the problem persist replace the battery Keyboard error Check that the keyboard is connected Resource Allocation Conflict PCI device 0079 on motherboard Clear CMOS Video Plug an...

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