Hitbox ARC160D, Operation Instruction Manual, Page: 16 / 20

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gradually moves toward the weld crater; and the electrode transversely swings. (See Fig.8) Electrode
should be correctly manipulated in three movement directions after arc is ignited. In butt welding and flat
welding, the most important is to control the following three aspects: welding angle, arc length and
welding speed.
Welding angle: the electrode should be inclined in 70
～
80º forwards. (See Fig.9)
Arc length: the proper arc length is equal to the diameter of electrode in general.
Welding speed: proper welding speed should make the crater width of the weld bead about twice the
diameter of the electrode, and the surface of the weld bead should be flat with fine ripples. If the welding
speed is too high, and the weld bead is narrow and high, the ripples are rough, and the fusion is not well
implemented. If the welding speed is too low, the crater width is excessive, and the workpiece is easy to
be burned through. Besides, current should be proper, electrode should be aligned, arc should be low,
and welding speed should not be too high and should be kept uniform during the whole welding process.
1-downwards feed
2-move toward welding direction
3-transversely swing
Fig.8 Three basic movement directions of electrode Fig.9 Angles of electrode in flat welding
6) Arc extinguishing
Arc extinguishing is unavoidable during welding. Poor arc extinguishing may bring shallow weld crater
and poor density and strength of weld metal by which cracks, air holes, slag inclusion and shortage the
like are easy to be produced. Gradually pull the end of the electrode to the groove and raise the arc
when extinguishing arc, in order to narrow the weld crater and reduce the metal and heat. Thus, defects
such as cracks and air holes can be avoided. Pile up the weld metal of the crater to make the weld crater
sufficiently transferred. Then, remove the excessive part after welding. The operation modes of arc
extinguishing are shown in the figure below.