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Fluke CableAnalyzer DSP-4100, User Manual

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Fluke CableAnalyzer DSP-4100 User Manual Download Page 139

7-1

Chapter 7

Basic Cabling Testing

Chapter 7 provides the following information:

•

 

A description of LAN cable construction

•

 

A description of channel, basic link, and permanent link configurations

•

 

Explanations of LAN cable tests

•

 

Explanations of the HDTDX

 and HDTDR

 analyzer tests and plots

•

 

Basic troubleshooting procedures for LAN cable.

LAN Cable Construction

LAN cables have a number of characteristics in common with other types of
electrical cables. All electrical cables have continuity, which means that they serve
as a complete path for electrical current flow. Each end of a cable has some type of
connector for connecting the cable to the appropriate electrical device. Cables with
multiple wires usually have a pin assignment that describes how the wires are
arranged in the connectors.

Summary of Contents for CableAnalyzer DSP-4100

Page 1: ...Manual July 2001 Rev 1 5 03 2000 2003 Fluke Corporation All rights reserved Printed in USA All product names are trademarks of their respective companies Advanced Test Equipment Rentals www atecorp co...

Page 2: ...oduct which is returned to a Fluke Networks authorized service center within the warranty period To obtain warranty service contact your nearest Fluke Networks authorized service center to obtain retu...

Page 3: ...rface Adapters 2 5 Formatting the Memory Card DSP 4100 4300 2 6 Quick Configuration 2 8 Results within Accuracy Range 2 9 Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling 2 10 Saving Test Reports 2 11 Using the Talk...

Page 4: ...0 4300 2 40 Selecting a Length Unit 2 40 Selecting a Numeric Format 2 41 Setting the Date and Time 2 41 Setting the Power Down Timer 2 42 Enabling or Disabling the Audible Tones 2 42 Remote Lights Mes...

Page 5: ...l Memory DSP 4300 3 31 The Autotest Report 3 32 4 Running Individual Tests 4 1 Single Tests for Twisted Pair Cabling 4 1 Scanning Function 4 2 When to Use a Remote Unit 4 2 Running a Single Test on Tw...

Page 6: ...Printer Interface Cable 5 3 Printing 5 4 If the Printer Does Not Respond 5 6 Viewing and Printing Reports from a PC 5 6 6 Calibrations and Custom Test Standards 6 1 Calibrating the Test Tool 6 1 Cali...

Page 7: ...ce Center Repair 8 3 Replacement Parts 8 5 Options and Accessories 8 6 Specifications 8 8 Calculated Measurement Accuracy 8 8 Traceable Calibration Period 8 8 Self Calibration Period 8 8 Compatibility...

Page 8: ...gnetic Compatibility 8 21 Input Ratings 8 22 Certification and Compliance 8 23 Test Results Memory for the DSP 4100 4300 8 23 Test Results Memory for the DSP 4000 8 24 Dimensions 8 24 Weight 8 24 Disp...

Page 9: ...Items on the ACR Results Screen 3 19 3 6 Items on the RL Results Screen 3 21 4 1 Remote Requirements for Cable Tests 4 3 4 2 Items on the HDTDX Analyzer Results Screen 4 7 4 3 Effects of Termination...

Page 10: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual viii...

Page 11: ...Test Connections for a Basic Link 3 3 3 2 Typical Test Connections for a Channel 3 4 3 3 Typical Test Connections for a Permanent Link 3 5 3 4 Examples of Automatic Diagnostics Displays 3 7 3 5 The A...

Page 12: ...enuated 7 13 7 10 An HDTDX Analyzer Plot 7 14 7 11 Split Pair Wiring 7 16 7 12 How NVP is Calculated 7 19 7 13 Signals Reflected from an Open Shorted and Terminated Cable 7 21 7 14 Example of an HDTDR...

Page 13: ...works Visit the Fluke Networks web site at www flukenetworks com Send email to support flukenetworks com To order accessories or get the location of the nearest Fluke Networks distributor or service c...

Page 14: ...to provide fast accurate results and advanced testing capabilities up to 350 MHz The test tool includes the following features Certifies LAN basic link permanent link and channel configurations to IEE...

Page 15: ...ms in a link Produces plots of NEXT ELFEXT PSNEXT PSELFEXT attenuation ACR PSACR and RL Shows NEXT ELFEXT PSNEXT PSELFEXT attenuation ACR and PSACR results up to 350 MHz Gives remote results for NEXT...

Page 16: ...ent Link Adapters for Cat 6 1 DSP LIA012 Channel Adapter for Cat 6 and 1 DSP LIA013 Channel Traffic Adapter for Cat 6 2 AC adapter chargers 120 V US only or universal adapter chargers and line cords o...

Page 17: ...d DSP 4100 1 with DSP 4300 Straps 2 Headsets 2 DSP 4100 DSP 4300 USB Memory Card Reader Memory Card AC Adapter Charger or LinkWare Software CD RJ45 to BNC Adapter DSP 4000 Calibration Module DSP 4000...

Page 18: ...e 3 Refer to the Glossary in the Appendix to find definitions for unfamiliar terms If you have never used a LAN cable tester but want to start testing cables immediately and learn as you work proceed...

Page 19: ...eatures and how to prepare the test tool for use 3 Read Chapter 3 Autotest to learn how to run the most commonly used cable test and interpret the test results 4 Read Chapter 4 Running Individual Test...

Page 20: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 1 8...

Page 21: ...ernational electrical symbols used on the instrument or in this manual are described in Table 2 1 Certification symbols are described in Specifications in Chapter 8 Table 2 1 International Electrical...

Page 22: ...lication of this product which can result in damage to the test tool and create a potential shock hazard to the user Never connect the CABLE TEST input to any LAN inputs systems or equipment Doing so...

Page 23: ...Doing so might cause erroneous test results Never operate portable transmitting devices during a cable test Doing so might cause erroneous test results When using the channel traffic link interface a...

Page 24: ...ac adapter charger to the test tool or remote and to ac line power You can operate the unit on ac power while the battery charges A fully charged battery typically lasts at least 8 hours See Battery...

Page 25: ...t provide additional functions are available from your Fluke Networks dealer Visit the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com for the most recent information on optional adapters Figure 2 1 s...

Page 26: ...shows how to insert and remove the card You do not need to turn the test tool off before inserting or removing the card Before you store test results the card must be formatted as follows 1 Insert th...

Page 27: ...ving the Memory card To see the status of the memory card press the Memory softkey that appears on several of the Autotest displays or select Memory Card Configuration in the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode Ca...

Page 28: ...Increment cable ID setup Enabling this setting causes the last character of the cable ID to increment each time you save an Autotest The Sequence selection lets you define a range of cable IDs by ent...

Page 29: ...es that the value is within the test tool s range of accuracy as shown in Figure 2 3 All tests except the wire map test may produce results with an asterisk if required by the selected test standard I...

Page 30: ...ropagation Delay Delay Skew Impedance NEXT and ELFEXT Near End and Equal Level Far End Crosstalk Attenuation ACR Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio RL Return Loss PSNEXT Power Sum NEXT PSELFEXT Power Sum...

Page 31: ...in the SETUP mode 6 Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link For channel testing connect using the network equipment patch cord 7 Press T to start the Autotest Saving Test Reports When...

Page 32: ...ion outlet Test equipment cord Test equipment cord Horizontal cross connect Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test Tool Smart Remote TALK Hub Basic Link LIA Basic Link LIA oy68f e...

Page 33: ...ransition outlet Patch cord from hub Patch cord from PC Horizontal cross connect Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test Tool Smart Remote TALK Hub Channel LIA Channel LIA oy03f ep...

Page 34: ...oint optional Telecommunications outlet Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test tool Remote TALK Patch panel Work Area Permanent link adapter Permanent link adapter oy84f eps Figur...

Page 35: ...only through the CABLE TEST jack Use the Talk mode as follows 1 Connect the main and remote units to the cable under test 2 Plug the headsets into the headset jacks on the main and remote units 3 Pre...

Page 36: ...connected to the cabling you are testing 2 If you want the Autotest to report cable length remove the terminator from the far end of the cabling 3 Attach any channel link interface adapter to the mai...

Page 37: ...8 PC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PC For Length Test remove far end Terminator Test Tool OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST DSP 4000 CABLE ANALYZER TALK EXIT ENTER TEST SAVE 1 2 3 4 F...

Page 38: ...main unit and Table 2 4 explains their functions OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST TALK EXIT ENTER TEST SAVE 1 2 3 4 FAULT INFO DSP 4100 4300 Side Plate DSP 4000 Side Pl...

Page 39: ...ht up and down movement on the display Increase or decrease the numerical values of user definable parameters H C Controls the display backlight Pressing for 1 second allows adjustment of the display...

Page 40: ...inning This state may last for several minutes until fast charging begins LED steady red Fast charge The unit stays in fast charge mode for up to 4 hours or until either the battery is fully charged o...

Page 41: ...res 2 2 21 Remote Features Figure 2 9 shows the features on the remote unit and Table 2 5 explains their functions ON OFF PASS TESTING TALKING FAIL LOW BATTERY TALK 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 4 oy06f ep...

Page 42: ...charge mode for up to 4 hours or until either the battery is fully charged or a test is initiated 4 AC power indicator LED steady green Charge complete Fast charge is complete The unit enters trickle...

Page 43: ...101 cable with personality module DSP 4000PL DSP 4300 One meter of proprietary high performance cable terminated with a removable personality module The personality module ensures electrical compatibi...

Page 44: ...ht as possible during testing To avoid latent or immediate damage due to electrostatic discharge Before handling a module or an adapter with no module attached ground yourself when possible by touchin...

Page 45: ...ded conductive surface 2 Remove the link interface adapter from the DSP test tool 3 Use your fingers to unscrew the screw on the personality module If necessary you can use a flat blade screwdriver to...

Page 46: ...attach the strap and open the bail oy07f eps Figure 2 13 Attaching the Strap and Opening the Bail Rotary Switch The following paragraphs summarize the modes you can select with the rotary switch on th...

Page 47: ...t of the tests and limits associated with common standards see the document provided on the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com Headroom Reports the worst case margin for a parameter deter...

Page 48: ...the NEXT from the other pairs The following tests apply to coaxial cabling Impedance Measures the impedance of the cable Resistance Measures the loop resistance of the cabling shield and terminator Le...

Page 49: ...cable type Edit the report identification that appears on saved Autotests Set up the tester to automatically generate cable IDs On DSP 4100 and DSP 4300 test tools you can set the test tool to save a...

Page 50: ...ctions Allows you to do the following View or delete test reports saved in memory Change the cable identification assigned to a saved Autotest report Generate a tone to use with an inductive pickup de...

Page 51: ...f a fault is detected during the self test the following message appears INTERNAL FAULT DETECTED REFER TO MANUAL For information see If the Test Tool Fails in Chapter 8 Selecting a Language for Displa...

Page 52: ...ning the rotary switch to a new position If the self test fails refer to If the Test Tool Fails in Chapter 8 Overvoltage Test The test tool periodically checks for dc voltages on twisted pair cabling...

Page 53: ...een of the selected test mode press e Configuring the Test Tool The following sections provide more details about configuring your test tool You can configure the test tool in the SETUP mode or you ca...

Page 54: ...U KEYS TO ADJUST CONTRAST Adjust the contrast to the desired level then press E to accept the new level The display contrast setting is saved in memory when you turn off the test tool Selecting a Powe...

Page 55: ...nt link and a channel Chapter 7 further explains these connections Note The test tool displays a message if you try to run a test not supported by the attached link interface adapter To select a test...

Page 56: ...en entered you must delete a name before adding a new name To rename or delete an existing operator or site name press Edit select the desired name then press Rename or Delete Changes to names precede...

Page 57: ...ded to a memory card You can create and download the lists with LinkWare software See the online help or Getting Started under Help on the LinkWare menu for details Enabling the Auto Increment Functio...

Page 58: ...message The auto sequence function increments letters and numbers starting with the farthest right character then moving left Special characters and matching characters are not incremented As an exam...

Page 59: ...sary you can edit the cable ID when you save an Autotest See Chapter 3 for information on saving Autotest results with the auto sequence function enabled Selecting a List of Downloaded IDs DSP 4300 On...

Page 60: ...g the plot data lets you include plots on test reports uploaded to a PC and printed with LinkWare Software The DSP 4100 and DSP 4300 can save the results of at least 250 Autotests on a 16 MB memory ca...

Page 61: ...s a clock that records the date and time for saved test results To change the date or time or the format for the date or time proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press Page Down unt...

Page 62: ...were turned on with the rotary switch To set the power down timer or enable disable the timer proceed as follows 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP 2 Press Page Down 3 Use D to highlight the power down...

Page 63: ...s on for 15 seconds Talk mode is active Talk LED turns on Battery voltage is low The unit beeps and the low battery LED flashes continuously Battery voltage is too low to operate The unit beeps and th...

Page 64: ...continued operation while charging the battery always connect the ac adapter charger when the message WARNING RECHARGEABLE BATTERY VOLTAGE IS LOW appears Table 2 7 Battery Status Messages Message Disp...

Page 65: ...a battery conditioning feature To condition the batteries proceed as follows 1 Connect the main and remote units together with a calibration module or with LIA adapters and an RJ45 patch cord or a cab...

Page 66: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 2 46...

Page 67: ...ions are active on various Autotest screens or View Result shows the results of the last Autotest run shows detailed test results regarding the highlighted cable pair or pairs View Plot Press to see a...

Page 68: ...t patch cord 4 Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to AUTOTEST 5 Verify that the settings displayed are correct You can change these settings in the SETUP mode 6 Connect the main unit to the near...

Page 69: ...Transition outlet Test equipment cord Test equipment cord Horizontal cross connect Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test Tool Smart Remote TALK Hub Basic Link LIA Basic Link LIA...

Page 70: ...ansition outlet Patch cord from hub Patch cord from PC Horizontal cross connect Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test Tool Smart Remote TALK Hub Channel LIA Channel LIA oy03f eps...

Page 71: ...ation point optional Telecommunications outlet Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test tool Remote TALK Patch panel Work Area Permanent link adapter Permanent link adapter oy84f ep...

Page 72: ...standard see Chapter 6 On a DSP 4300 test tool you can choose to see NEXT or the worst margin as the headroom value by selecting HEADROOM in SETUP The worst margin is the measurement that came closes...

Page 73: ...ram at the top of the display shows the location of the failure The bottom half of the display describes the failure and suggests ways to fix the fault When appropriate softkeys let you see the plot o...

Page 74: ...ween the near and far ends of the cabling on all four pairs Shield continuity is also tested if a shielded cable was selected and the shield test enabled when the test standard was selected The pairs...

Page 75: ...6 pair Wiring does not form a recognizable circuit Reversed pairs Wires 1 and 2 are crossed Crossed pairs Pairs 1 2 and 3 6 are crossed Short Wires 1 and 3 are shorted You can use the HDTDR test to lo...

Page 76: ...s fail result for each cable pair Length is displayed in meters or feet You can change the length units in the SETUP mode as described in Selecting a Length Unit in Chapter 2 Notes A 2 to 5 percent di...

Page 77: ...cable pair Note Impedance measurements require a cable at least 5 m 16 ft long Cables shorter than this length will always pass the impedance test A PASS result means that the measured impedance is w...

Page 78: ...is lower than the specified limit for the selected test standard A FAIL result means that the measured attenuation is higher than the specified limit Attenuation If the test passed this value is the...

Page 79: ...eft or right side of the plot 3 The attenuation level frequency and margin at the cursor s position Margin is the difference between the limit and the measured value If you move the cursor beyond the...

Page 80: ...less than 4 dB Table 3 3 Items on the NEXT Results Screen Item Description Pairs The cable pairs relevant to the results Result The overall result for the NEXT test A PASS result indicates that the N...

Page 81: ...sor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position If you move the cursor beyond the highest tes...

Page 82: ...sulting crosstalk at the near end of the cabling ELFEXT is calculated as the difference in dB between the measured FEXT and attenuation values If the ELFEXT test fails you can use the F key to locate...

Page 83: ...cted test standard A FAIL result means that the calculated ELFEXT is lower than the specified value ELFEXT dB The worst margin and worst ELFEXT The worst margin is the ELFEXT value that is closest to...

Page 84: ...rgin at the cursor s position The cursor aligns to the frequency that produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position If you m...

Page 85: ...Description Pairs The pairs used in calculating the ACR result The pair not listed as the Atten Pair produced the NEXT used in the ACR calculation Atten Pair The pair that produced the attenuation val...

Page 86: ...at produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position Use L R to move the cursor left or right If you move the cursor beyond the...

Page 87: ...ndards RL is not evaluated where attenuation at the same frequency is less than 3 dB Table 3 6 Items on the RL Results Screen Item Description Pair The cable pair relevant to the results Result The ov...

Page 88: ...at produced the worst margin Margin is the difference between the limit and measured values plotted at the cursor s position Use L R to move the cursor left or right If you move the cursor beyond the...

Page 89: ...the sum effect of NEXT on a cable pair PSELFEXT Power Sum ELFEXT The PSELFEXT results show how much each cable pair is affected by the combined FEXT from the other pairs To calculate PSELFEXT for a ca...

Page 90: ...8 PC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PC For Length Test remove far end Terminator Test Tool OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST DSP 4000 CABLE ANALYZER TALK EXIT ENTER TEST SAVE 1 2 3 4 FA...

Page 91: ...l to the cabling 7 Press T to start the Autotest Autotest Results for Coaxial Cabling An Autotest on coaxial cabling performs the following tests Characteristic Impedance Note Impedance measurements r...

Page 92: ...t connected If a terminator is connected the result of the length test is reported as NO REFLECTION A PASS result means that the measured length is within the limit specified by the selected test stan...

Page 93: ...such as music files If you used a permanent link test standard for the Autotest the model number of the personality module used on the permanent link adapter is saved with the Autotest results and ap...

Page 94: ...the name use the L R and D U keys to highlight characters in the list then press E B The date and time when the Autotest was completed C The default name assigned to the results from the most recently...

Page 95: ...e list includes the cable IDs for all saved Autotest results IDs used for previously saved results are marked with a Unused IDs are listed after used IDs The timestamp that will be saved with the Auto...

Page 96: ...in SETUP See Selecting a List of Downloaded IDs in Chapter 2 for details Saving results with downloaded cable IDs is similar to saving with auto sequence IDs Follow steps 1 through 3 from the previous...

Page 97: ...ces are available by pressing the Memory softkey which appears on several Autotest displays Saving Results to Internal Memory DSP 4300 If no memory card is present in a DSP 4300 test tool test results...

Page 98: ...pter 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports for complete instructions The overall result printed on a report can be a pass or fail or warning A failure of any test required by the selected test standard...

Page 99: ...Autotest The Autotest Report 3 3 33 oy82f bmp Figure 3 12 Autotest Report in Tabular Format...

Page 100: ...3 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 1 350 NEXT dB Frequency MHz 0 20 40 60 80 100 1 350 NEXT Remote dB Frequency MHz PASS MAIN MAIN SR SR Worst Pair 78 36 12 45 36 45 36 45 ELFEXT dB 28 0 30 6 27 6 27 2 Freq MHz 18...

Page 101: ...nstructions for using the tone generator Single Tests for Twisted Pair Cabling The SINGLE TEST mode on the rotary switch allows individual execution of many of the tests available in the Autotest mode...

Page 102: ...tion for more than 1 minute When to Use a Remote Unit A remote unit is required only when testing twisted pair cabling Table 4 1 shows which cable tests require a remote and which remotes support each...

Page 103: ...ported as open assuming the cable pair is not shorted RL RL REMOTE Recommended for RL required for RL REMOTE ACR ACR REMOTE PSACR PSACR REMOTE Required Tests available only in Autotest mode PSNEXT PSN...

Page 104: ...the cable link For channel testing connect using the network equipment patch cord 4 Turn the rotary switch on the main unit to SINGLE TEST 5 Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link Fo...

Page 105: ...C Transition outlet Patch cord from hub Patch cord from PC Horizontal cross connect Horizontal cabling Telecommunications closet Work Area Test Tool Smart Remote TALK Hub Channel LIA Channel LIA oy08f...

Page 106: ...crosstalk as they appear at the sources of the crosstalk If the crosstalk magnitude is near 50 you can expect the NEXT test to fail The HDTDX analyzer results are not intended for use in determining...

Page 107: ...2 Items on the HDTDX Analyzer Results Screen Item Description Pairs The cable pairs relevant to the results Peak The highest magnitude of crosstalk measured on the cable pair A peak over 50 indicates...

Page 108: ...le represents the location of the main test tool 3 Magnitude of crosstalk on the cable pair A peak over 50 indicates a crosstalk level that exceeds the limit specified by the selected test standard Cr...

Page 109: ...ocation and size of the anomalies in a list or plot format The reflection values displayed are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation The values represent the approximate size of the reflections...

Page 110: ...ith remote Two largest reflections greater than or equal to 15 Largest reflection is identified as the end of the cable All reflections are shown Coaxial cable with no terminator Two largest reflectio...

Page 111: ...ect 6 Connect the test tool to the near end of the cable link 7 Use D to highlight HDTDR 8 Press E to run the HDTDR test Running the HDTDR Test on Coaxial Cabling To run the HDTDR test on coaxial cabl...

Page 112: ...the end of the cable The second distance if shown is the distance from the test tool to the beginning of the largest anomaly that caused a reflection greater than the limit defined by the selected te...

Page 113: ...of reflected signal relative to the size of the HDTDR test signal Positive pulses indicate locations on the cabling where the impedance increased Negative pulses indicate locations on the cabling wher...

Page 114: ...ength If a remote is connected the length test and results are identical to the Autotest version See Length in Chapter 3 for details If a remote is not connected the test tool displays the message NO...

Page 115: ...est See Resistance in Chapter 3 for details If a remote is not connected the test tool displays the message NO REMOTE DETECTED and all pair resistances are reported as OPEN A cable pair with a resista...

Page 116: ...s in the MONITOR mode see the later section Monitoring Network Activity To run a Single Test on coaxial cabling refer to Figure 4 4 and proceed as follows 1 Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cabl...

Page 117: ...1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PC For Length Test remove far end Terminator Channel LIA Test Tool OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST DSP 4000 CABLE ANALYZER TALK EXIT...

Page 118: ...Autotest version See Impedance in Chapter 3 for details Resistance Identical to Autotest version See Resistance in Chapter 3 for details The Single Test version of the resistance test includes the sca...

Page 119: ...on on network activity If you want to troubleshoot active networks contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on LAN diagnostic tools When connected to a network the test tool automati...

Page 120: ...s unused test connector 5 Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the network as shown in Figure 4 5 Connect to the jack indicated by the arrow at the top of the display...

Page 121: ...tage of collision frames as compared to the total number of frames detected in the last 1 second Collisions are counted when runt packets are detected Collisions Average The average of all the 1 secon...

Page 122: ...Use a patch cable of the correct impedance to connect the test tool to the network as directed on the display 5 Locate the connected port by finding the flashing LED on the hub s LED panel Monitoring...

Page 123: ...The impulse noise test is not valid for coaxial cabling because the level of noise on coaxial cabling is negligible To monitor impulse noise refer to Figure 4 6 and proceed as follows Note To extend b...

Page 124: ...Remote OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST DSP 4000 CABLE ANALYZER TALK EXIT ENTER TEST SAVE 1 2 3 4 FAULT INFO DSP 4000 SMART REMOTE ON OFF PASS TESTING TALKING FAIL LOW...

Page 125: ...u want to change the fault threshold see the earlier section Changing the Impulse Noise Threshold Noise Test The overall result of the noise test Displayed only when 10BASE T is selected A PASS result...

Page 126: ...one Generator If you have an inductive pickup device such as a Fluke Networks 140 A Bug Tone Probe you can use the test tool s tone generator to identify twisted pair and coaxial cable runs and connec...

Page 127: ...RTS screen appears showing the first screen of test report labels The reports are listed in the order saved starting with the oldest report in memory Each test report label shows the date and time the...

Page 128: ...e main SPECIAL FUNCTIONS menu Note for Model DSP 4300 When a memory card is present the VIEW DELETE TEST REPORTS function always shows the reports saved on the card When a card is not present the test...

Page 129: ...Turn the rotary switch to PRINT 2 Use D U to highlight Edit Print Parameters Press E 3 Use D U to highlight the parameter you want to change 4 Press Choice 5 Use D U to highlight the setting you want...

Page 130: ...cable to connect the test tool to the printer 4 Turn the rotary switch to PRINT 5 Use D U to highlight the print function you want 6 Press E to select the highlighted function The results of selectin...

Page 131: ...eport was saved the cable identification entered for each report and an overall test result for each report Selected Report Summary Same as Selected Autotest Reports except that reports are printed in...

Page 132: ...ed to the printer and the test tool Verify that the cable or adapter you are using is compatible with your printer Pin assignments for the test tool s serial port are given in Specifications in Chapte...

Page 133: ...ined by a lithium battery You can calibrate your test tool to work with two different remotes Self calibration is not required when you switch between link interface adapters To ensure maximum accurac...

Page 134: ...ol to the remote as directed by the displayed messages 5 Press T to start the calibration When the calibration is complete the calibration data and the remote s serial number are automatically stored...

Page 135: ...rements of unknown lengths of the same type of cable The calibrated NVP value applies only to the selected test standard You can also enter a known NVP value or use the Set to Default softkey to set t...

Page 136: ...e depend on the default standard you select Custom test name a name you enter for the configuration Default test standard Cable name a name you enter for the cable type NVP Nominal Velocity of Propaga...

Page 137: ...ault cable names are Custom Cable 1 through Custom Cable 8 An asterisk always proceeds and follows the name of a custom test configuration Press E 4 Use U D to select a parameter to change Use Page Do...

Page 138: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 6 6...

Page 139: ...oubleshooting procedures for LAN cable LAN Cable Construction LAN cables have a number of characteristics in common with other types of electrical cables All electrical cables have continuity which me...

Page 140: ...forms a complete electrical path for signal transmission The currents flowing through the wires in each pair are equal but flow in opposite directions These currents produce electromagnetic fields th...

Page 141: ...Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 8 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pair 1 Pair 2 WO O Pair 2 WG G WBR BR Pair 4 BL WBL Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 8 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pair 1 Pair 3 568A 568B oy28f eps Figure 7 2 EIA TIA...

Page 142: ...and serves as a shield that protects the inner conductor from electrical noise The shield also helps eliminate signal loss by keeping the transmitted signal confined to cable Coaxial cable can carry...

Page 143: ...originally defined in TSB 67 as the basic link shown in Figure 7 4 The basic link consists of up to 90 m of horizontal cable one transition connector at each end and two test equipment patch cables of...

Page 144: ...tion connector at each end and up to 10 meters of equipment patch cables Because of the extra connectors and patch cables the test limits for a channel are looser than those for the basic link A chann...

Page 145: ...vides the most accurate characterization of the permanently installed section of the cabling The permanent link configuration also helps eliminate false FAIL results caused by test equipment patch cab...

Page 146: ...through the cable s insulating material This loss of energy is expressed in decibels Lower attenuation values correspond to better cable performance For example when comparing the performance of two...

Page 147: ...rrors in a LAN OUT IN oy31f eps Figure 7 8 Sources of Electrical Noise Electrical noise is generated by any device that uses or generates voltages that vary over time Varying voltage generates a varyi...

Page 148: ...e spikes that have an amplitude greater than the selected impulse noise threshold Characteristic Impedance Characteristic impedance is the impedance that a cable would have if the cable were infinitel...

Page 149: ...different characteristic impedances unless you use special impedance matching circuitry Always terminate coaxial cables with a resistance equal to the cable s characteristic impedance The terminating...

Page 150: ...to better cabling performance ELFEXT equal level far end crosstalk is the difference between the FEXT and the attenuation of the disturbed wire pair Like ACR ELFEXT is a type of signal to noise ratio...

Page 151: ...e in a cable Because of how FEXT signals add up along a cable link good ELFEXT performance is critical for systems that transmit data over multiple wire pairs Examples of these systems are 100BASE T4...

Page 152: ...sources detected on the cabling The HDTDX test uses very short 2 ns test pulses which help the test tool resolve smaller crosstalk problems resulting in more accurate distance to fault measurements an...

Page 153: ...ks to determine the largest sources of crosstalk on the cabling The vertical scale increases logarithmically A level of 50 represents a crosstalk magnitude that is close to causing a failure The level...

Page 154: ...lit pairs cause severe crosstalk because the signals in the twisted pairs come from different circuits The high crosstalk levels produced by split pairs cause low NEXT values during cabling tests If t...

Page 155: ...the cable Check the cable manufacturer s specifications for the minimum bend radius Handle LAN cable carefully during installation Do not step on the cable or pinch it with tight cable ties Power Sum...

Page 156: ...se of differences in the number of twists and in the electrical properties of each pair The delay differences between pairs is called delay skew Delay skew is a critical parameter for high speed netwo...

Page 157: ...l Speed in Cable 300 000 000 m s Speed Pulse Travels in Cable Speed of Light X 100 300 000 000 NVP m s OFF PRINT MONITOR SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST DSP 658 CABLE ANALYZER DSP 601 CA...

Page 158: ...etermining the NVP value involves measuring a known length of cable and adjusting the test tool s length measurement to match the known length As you adjust the length measurement the NVP value change...

Page 159: ...tion of the open in the cabling Transmitted Pulse Reflected Pulse End of Fault Open Cable Transmitted Pulse Reflected Pulse Short Transmitted Pulse No Reflected Pulse Terminator Matches cable characte...

Page 160: ...in Figure 7 13 Reflections from Other Anomalies Reflections are also caused by impedance anomalies that measure somewhere between infinite and zero impedance These anomalies can be caused by mechanica...

Page 161: ...ctions to determine cabling length the tool cannot measure the length of properly terminated cables Interpreting the HDTDR Plot The HDTDR plot has a horizontal scale that represents distance and a ver...

Page 162: ...cable while the peak of the reflection represents the size of the anomaly The test tool s HDTDR plot includes a movable cursor with a readout that displays the cursor s position and the reflection pe...

Page 163: ...ith the resulting ACR plot Notice that the ACR is lower where NEXT and attenuation values are near each other 70 0 NEXT GOOD ATTEN GOOD 0 100 Frequency in MHz Limit in dB 60 0 50 0 40 0 30 0 20 0 10 0...

Page 164: ...e between the powers of transmitted and reflected signals Cables with high RL values are more efficient at transmitting LAN signals because little of the signal is lost in reflections Good return loss...

Page 165: ...d faulty or incompatible hardware installation and 3 connections always cause some crosstalk due to the untwisting of cable pairs When cable is handled carelessly faults can occur in the middle of the...

Page 166: ...broken by stress at connections Damaged connector Cuts or breaks in cable Wire map split pair Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks Wire map reversed pairs Wires connected to...

Page 167: ...y Diagnostics Display F Plot Wire map display showing an open on wire 1 near the main unit oy57i bmp oy58i bmp Wire map display showing a split pair on pairs 3 6 and 4 5 oy59i bmp oy60i bmp Wire map d...

Page 168: ...to cable insulation NEXT or ELFEXT Excessive untwisting of pairs at connection Insufficient quality of connecting hardware Damage to cable pinches kinks etc Damaged connector Insufficient cable qualit...

Page 169: ...ntinued Wire Map Display Diagnostics Display F Plot Wire map display showing short between pins 1 and 3 oy64i bmp oy65i bmp NEXT test fails oy66i bmp oy67i bmp Impedance anomaly is detected HDTDR plot...

Page 170: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 7 32...

Page 171: ...nical specifications Getting Software Upgrades Keeping your test tool s software current gives you access to new features and the latest test standards Software upgrades are available for free on the...

Page 172: ...o not remove the battery pack Removing the battery pack for extended periods shortens the life of the backup lithium battery Replacing the NiMH Battery Pack Replace the NiMH battery pack when its life...

Page 173: ...ater section Service Center Repair for shipping and warranty information If the Test Tool Fails If the test tool does not operate properly refer to Table 8 1 on the next page for troubleshooting proce...

Page 174: ...y that the test standard cable type temperature and power line frequency all in SETUP are correctly set See Chapter 2 for details Perform a self calibration See Calibrating the Test Tool in Chapter 6...

Page 175: ...n Part Number NiMH battery pack 668225 AC adapter charger North America version 106200 AC adapter charger international version 944223 Battery door main unit and remote blue plastic 1992028 DSP 4000 C...

Page 176: ...le 8 3 lists the options and accessories available for the test tool Note For the latest list of accessories visit the Fluke Networks website at www flukenetworks com Table 8 3 Options and Accessories...

Page 177: ...laser source DSP FTA440S Multimedia card reader DSP MCR 16 MB multimedia card DSP MMC16 30 MB multimedia card DSP MMC32 Fiber jack accessory kit small form factor 62 5 m multimode NFK1 FJ LC accessor...

Page 178: ...nent Link and Channel Measurement Accuracy specifications are calculated from the individual parameters using formulas defined in draft TIA guidelines These TIA guidelines are currently in draft form...

Page 179: ...ded and unshielded cable TIA Cat 3 4 5 and 5E basic links and ISO IEC EN50173 Class C and D permanent links DSP LIA012 Channel Adapter for Cat 6 Plug type and life shielded RJ45 5000 insertions Tests...

Page 180: ...00 ISO IEC Class C and D 100 and 120 Shielded twisted pair cables STP 150 IBM Type 1 6 and 9 IBM interface adapter required Coaxial cables connect with the RJ45 to BNC adapter Thicknet 10BASE5 adapter...

Page 181: ...IEC 11801 2000 Class E draft permanent link or channel STP cabling IBM Type 1 150 ANSI TP PMD IEEE 802 3 10BASE5 10BASE2 Ethernet with coaxial cabling IEEE 802 3 10BASE T 100BASE TX 1000BASE T Ethern...

Page 182: ...ference cable Variations occur because of variations in the cable manufacturing process Propagation Delay Twisted Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Range 0 ns to 500 ns 500 ns to 3800 ns 0 ns to 500 ns 500 ns...

Page 183: ...1 25 MHz 100 MHz 200 kHz 100 MHz 250 MHz 500 kHz Dynamic Accuracy NEXT Attenuation Insertion Loss 0 75 dB Note 1 Dynamic Accuracy ELFEXT 1 0 dB Note 2 Source load return loss 20 12 5 log 100 20 dB max...

Page 184: ...the permanent link adapters have been calibrated with the test tools they are attached to Typical Measurement Accuracies The DSP 4000 Series test tools substantially exceed the measurement accuracy re...

Page 185: ...150 200 250 Frequency MHz Accuracy dB 5 4 3 2 1 0 oy88 eps Figure 8 2 Attenuation Insertion Loss Measurement Accuracy for Channel Channel Level III Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Permanent Link Level III Accura...

Page 186: ...0 200 250 Frequency MHz Accuracy dB 5 4 3 2 1 0 oy93 eps Figure 8 4 PSNEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel Channel Level III Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Permanent Link Level III Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Baselin...

Page 187: ...quency MHz Accuracy dB 5 4 3 2 1 0 oy91 eps Figure 8 6 PSELFEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel Channel Level III Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Permanent Link Level III Accuracy TIA 568 B 2 Baseline Level III...

Page 188: ...2 distance 1 ft 0 3 m 2 distance Distance resolution 1 ft or 0 1 m 1 ft or 0 1 m Impulse Noise Adjustable from 10 mV to 500 mV in 10 mV steps The default threshold is 270 mV Monitors either polarity...

Page 189: ...st determines if a hub supports the following standards Auto negotiation 10BASE T 100BASE TX 100BASE T4 100BASE TX full duplex 10BASE T full duplex Hub port locator blinks the link LED on a 10BASE T 1...

Page 190: ...8 5 PC Interface Cable Connections Test Tool End DB9S female Pin Direction PC End DB9S female Data Carrier Detect 1 4 Receive Data 2 3 Transmit Data 3 2 Data Terminal Ready always true 4 1 Signal Gro...

Page 191: ...dc 1 A output Memory backup power in main unit Lithium battery Typical life of lithium battery 5 years Environmental Requirements Operating temperature 32 F to 113 F 0 C to 45 C Storage temperature 4...

Page 192: ...al Operation 0 C to 45 C Storage 20 C to 60 C oy40f eps Figure 8 8 Operating Environment Specifications Input Ratings A DSP 4000 Series test tool and remote are designed to measure unpowered cables Th...

Page 193: ...nt of OVERVOLTAGE CATEGORY II is energy consuming equipment to be supplied from the fixed installation Examples include household office and laboratory appliances Test Results Memory for the DSP 4100...

Page 194: ...Main unit and remote without LIA 9 25 x 5 x 3 23 5 cm x 12 7 cm x 7 6 cm Weight Main unit without LIA 3 lb 4 oz 1 5 kg Remote without LIA 3 lb 1 oz 1 4 kg Display Type Graphic bit mapped LCD with back...

Page 195: ...Appendices Appendix Title Page A Tests Supported by LIAs A 1 B Glossary B 1...

Page 196: ......

Page 197: ...Supported by LIAs Table A 1 shows the test standards supported by the standard link interface adapters For a list of the optional link interface adapters available visit the Fluke Networks website at...

Page 198: ...ent Link Class C D X X ISO Link Class C D X X X EN 50173 Class C D X X X Aus NZ Class C and D Basic Link X X Aus NZ Class C and D Channel X IEEE 10 100 1000BASE T X X X TokenRing All X X X TP PMD X X...

Page 199: ...tandard for twisted pair Ethernet networks 100 Mb s transmission baseband signaling two pair category 5 twisted pair cable Maximum cabling length is 100 meters 1000BASE T An IEEE Standard for twisted...

Page 200: ...n digital communications bandwidth is measured in bits per second Baseband Signaling A method of signal transmission where the entire bandwidth of the medium is used to send a single signal The digita...

Page 201: ...ared by multiple signals The signals are separated into channels carried on different frequencies within the bandwidth This transmission method is often used to transmit voice data and video signals o...

Page 202: ...than those for a basic link because the channel limits allow for the effects of two connections at the cross connect and an extra connector near the telecommunications outlet The channel is defined in...

Page 203: ...ation the application puts each comma separated value into a separate cell dB Abbreviation for decibel A logarithmic unit used for expressing the loss or gain of signal strength Download To transfer d...

Page 204: ...another cable pair Higher FEXT levels correspond to better cabling performance Flash Memory Computer memory that requires no power to maintain its contents yet unlike ROM can be reprogrammed while ins...

Page 205: ...nce impedance varies with the frequency of the applied ac signal Impedance Discontinuity An abrupt change in a cabling s characteristic impedance Impedance discontinuities can be caused by faulty conn...

Page 206: ...ow more flexibility when wiring modular offices Near End Crosstalk NEXT The amount of coupling loss in decibels occurring when a signal generated at the near end of one cable pair is received as cross...

Page 207: ...at resists the flow of electrical current Resistors are used in the terminators that are connected to the ends of coaxial cabling Return Loss RL The loss of signal strength in cabling due to signal re...

Page 208: ...ng terminated at both ends Segments can be joined together using repeaters or bridges Serial Data Transmission The transmission of data over a single wire Shielded Twisted Pair Twisted pair cable surr...

Page 209: ...required tests pass fail criteria accuracy requirements and other test parameters TSB 67 is drafted by a Telecommunications Industry Association TIA task force Twisted Pair A cable pair made of two w...

Page 210: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual B 12...

Page 211: ...ttenuation 7 8 plot description 3 13 results screen items 3 12 test for twisted pair 3 12 Audible tones enabling disabling 2 42 Auto increment 2 37 status 2 40 Auto sequence 2 38 saving Autotests 3 29...

Page 212: ...13 3 4 test standard selection 2 35 Characteristic impedance See Impedance Compliance 8 23 Configure custom test 6 4 Connectors main unit 2 19 remote 2 22 RJ11 telephone 2 3 Crossed pair wire map dis...

Page 213: ...test for twisted pair 3 10 variations between cable pairs 3 10 variations between measured and actual 7 20 Length units selecting 2 40 selecting quick start 2 8 Link See Basic link Link interface adap...

Page 214: ...test tool 8 4 Propagation delay test 3 11 explanation of test 7 18 PSACR test 3 23 PSELFEXT test 3 23 PSNEXT test 3 23 Q Quick configuration 2 8 R Reflection causes of reflections 7 20 length test res...

Page 215: ...connection during resistance test 3 26 effects on HDTDR test 4 10 Test standard descriptions of standards 2 27 selecting 2 35 selecting quick start 2 8 Time 2 41 Tone generator 4 26 Top level pass ind...

Page 216: ...DSP 4000 Series Users Manual 6...

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