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Elspec EQUALIZER-ST User And Installation Manual Download Page 10

 

10 

www.elspec-ltd.com | December 2014 | SMX-0609-0101 

User Manual | EQ-ST | V16 

 

Built-in three-phase network analyzer, measuring all network parameters including harmonics; 

 

Unique self-testing and comprehensive reporting features; 

 

Enhanced utilization of local generation equipment, such as diesel generators; 

 

S

PECIFICATIONS

 

DESIGN 

STEEL-SHEET CABINET 

Low  voltage  system  that  is  designed  to 

control  the  reactive  energy  at  MV  using  a 

boosting transformer (*) 

Prymary: Up to 66KV 

Secondary: 690V (typically) 

Start Up time 

Up to 30 seconds 

Duty Cycle 

5% 

Enclosure Finish 

Epoxy powder coated, grey (RAL 7032), 

Internal Parts 

Rust-proof aluzinc 

Capacitors 

Low-loss, self-healing, IEC 831-1/2 

Ambient Temperature 

 

average in 24 hours 

 

-

 

Protection Class 

IP 20 

Other IP ratings are available on request 

Standards: 

 

Electromagnetic Compatibility 

EN50081-2, EN50082-2, EN55011, EN61000-4-2/3/4/5, 

ENV50204, ENV50141

 

Safety Standards 

EN61010-1, EN60439-1, UL508 (option) 

(*) The system can be used without a boosting transformer for networks up to 690V (480V, 400V, etc) 

Table 4: System Specifications 

 

 

 

 

 

Summary of Contents for EQUALIZER-ST

Page 1: ...1 www elspec ltd com December 2014 SMX 0609 0101 User Manual EQ ST V16 16 ...

Page 2: ...14 SYSTEM OVERVIEW 14 SYSTEM INSTALLATION 18 GENERAL 18 LOCATION 19 SIZING OVER CURRENT PROTECTIVE DEVICE 20 POWER CABLES AND EARTH CONNECTIONS 20 MAINS CTS CONNECTION 21 COMMUNICATION CABLE CONNECTION OPTIONAL 22 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM TESTS 23 PRELIMINARY INSPECTION 23 SYSTEM START UP 24 SYSTEM INITIALIZATION 25 CONTROLLER 61 FRONT PANEL 61 HEADER 62 FUNCTION KEYS AND TAGS 63 SYSTEM SETUP MENU 70 MON...

Page 3: ...ED MENU DESCRIPTION 98 3 PHASE WYE CONFIGURATION OR UNBALANCED NETWORK WITH 3 PHASE CAPACITORS 98 3 PHASE DELTA CONFIGURATION 99 SINGLE PHASE CONFIGURATION 101 UNBALANCED NETWORK WITH SINGLE PHASE CAPACITORS 102 APPENDIX A FIRMWARE UPGRADE 103 APPENDIX B CONTROLLER MOUNTING AND CONNECTION 104 APPENDIX C EVENTS LOG 106 APPENDIX D BASIC THEORY 109 DECIDING THE REQUIRED SYSTEM SIZE 111 APPENDIX E EXA...

Page 4: ...URE 13 PT SECONDARY 27 FIGURE 14 NOMINAL FREQUENCY 28 FIGURE 15 NUMBER OF GROUPS 28 FIGURE 16 GROUP ARRANGEMENT 29 FIGURE 17 STEP SIZE 30 FIGURE 18 CAPACITOR SYSTEM S CT 30 FIGURE 19 CAPACITOR CT POLARITY 31 FIGURE 20 OVER TEMPERATURE DETECTOR 32 FIGURE 21 ERROR DETECTION 32 FIGURE 22 ERROR DETECTION SETTINGS 33 FIGURE 23 UNABLE TO CONNECT 33 FIGURE 24 SYSTEM STRUCTURE SETUP COMPLETION 34 FIGURE 2...

Page 5: ...6 FIGURE 49 PF MODE AVERAGE WITH 20 THRESHOLD EXAMPLE 46 FIGURE 50 PF MODE MINIMUM WITH 20 THRESHOLD EXAMPLE 47 FIGURE 51 PF MODE MAXIMUM WITH 20 THRESHOLD EXAMPLE 47 FIGURE 52 POWER FACTOR MODE 48 FIGURE 53 IN OUT THRESHOLD 48 FIGURE 54 UPSTREAM COMPENSATION 49 FIGURE 55 COMPENSATION FACTOR 49 FIGURE 56 COMPENSATION MODE 50 FIGURE 57 PARTIAL LOAD COMPENSATION 50 FIGURE 58 ACTIVE PHASES FOR CONTRO...

Page 6: ...3 FIGURE 84 HARMONIC SPECTRUM DISPLAY 73 FIGURE 85 WAVEFORM DISPLAY 74 FIGURE 86 ENERGY METERS DISPLAY 74 FIGURE 87 EVENT DISPLAY 75 FIGURE 88 POWERIQ NETWORK INSTALLATION EXAMPLE 76 FIGURE 89 GROUP TEST REPORT SCREEN 80 FIGURE 90 GROUP DETAILS SCREEN GROUP WITH ERROR 3 80 FIGURE 91 GROUP DETAILS SCREEN GROUP OK 81 FIGURE 92 BACKGROUND READINGS 81 FIGURE 93 BOOT LOADER SCREEN 90 FIGURE 94 CTS CONN...

Page 7: ... TERMINOLOGY 9 TABLE 3 PRODUCT VERSIONS 9 TABLE 4 SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS 10 TABLE 5 SYSTEM OPTIONS 13 TABLE 6 KEY FUNCTIONS IN DIFFERENT DISPLAY MODES 64 TABLE 7 FAVOURITES LIST SCREENS 65 TABLE 8 NEW AND OLD EVENTS 75 TABLE 9 LIST OF ERROR CODES AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS 93 TABLE 10 LIST OF EVENTS LOG AND THEIR MEANING 107 TABLE 11 CLAMP TORQUE VALUES 115 TABLE 12 MODBUS STATUS CONTROL VARIABLES 119 ...

Page 8: ...The EQUALIZER ST technology is based on the extended worldwide for years probed EQUALIZER technology Before working with the system please read this User Manual carefully and follow the safety precautions contained in this chapter The manufacturer will not be responsible for any incorrect usage These precautions must be used in conjunction with local or national health and safety regulations Here ...

Page 9: ...l includes all existing system functionality Additional functions may be included in future versions and earlier versions may not have all functionality Table 3 summarizes the existing versions ITEM LATEST VERSION SCR SCR EQUALIZER ST controller firmware 6 0 3 EQUALIZER ST controller Boot Loader 1 6 PowerIQ Professional Network 2 7 7 Table 3 Product Versions SYSTEM BENEFITS EQUALIZER ST offer the ...

Page 10: ... boosting transformer Prymary Up to 66KV Secondary 690V typically Start Up time Up to 30 seconds Duty Cycle 5 Enclosure Finish Epoxy powder coated grey RAL 7032 Internal Parts Rust proof aluzinc Capacitors Low loss self healing IEC 831 1 2 Ambient Temperature average in 24 hours Protection Class IP 20 Other IP ratings are available on request Standards Electromagnetic Compatibility EN50081 2 EN500...

Page 11: ...11 www elspec ltd com December 2014 SMX 0609 0101 User Manual EQ ST V15 NEW PART NUMBERING SYSTEM OPTIONS FROM THE YEAR 2004 Figure 1 New System Part Numbering ...

Page 12: ...12 www elspec ltd com December 2014 SMX 0609 0101 User Manual EQ ST V15 The controller part numbering is derived from the system part number Figure 2 Figure 2 Controller Part Numbering ...

Page 13: ...ransformer MV compensation using LV capacitors and step down transformer U Unbalanced Three phase network with single phase capacitors This configuration utilizes three controllers Each controller compensates assuming the other two exists V Voltage Control In excessive voltage levels the controller connects or disconnects steps according to programmed voltage levels W Wind Generator Special versio...

Page 14: ...itry Always operate the equipment within the specified power tolerances Before attempting any operation inside a cabinet disconnect all power supplies from the distribution board and all capacitor groups within the cabinet and allow the capacitors ten 10 minutes to discharge completely Verify that the DC voltage over the capacitors and over the Switching Module is less than 20V DC Failure to compl...

Page 15: ...ondition provide malfunction indications and adjust unit operation as required The controller generates precise firing pulses for the switching module as required to connect or disconnect capacitor groups MEASUREMENT The controller features advanced measurement capabilities including harmonic analysis and waveforms Readings are provided for three sections Figure 4 Mains reading as indicated by the...

Page 16: ...Manual EQ ST V15 The three sections are measured by two sets of CTs only one fitted within the capacitor system and the other fitted either at the mains or at the load The controller calculates the third section from the other two Figure 4 Measured Sections ...

Page 17: ...circuits Figure 6 There are different types of Switching Modules as illustrated in Figure 5 Switching Modules Part Numbering which utilizing outside circulation cooling except types AL and AR The maximum number of single phase steps is twice as much as for 3 phase with the same Switching Module Figure 5 Switching Modules Part Numbering ...

Page 18: ...tion POWERIQ SOFTWARE OPTIONAL The optional Power IQ software is used for remote control system status display and network monitoring The software works under Microsoft Windows 2000 or XP and is connected to the system through the controller RS 422 RS 485 port or to RS 232 port using a converter System Installation GENERAL The system is factory wired On site installation in limited to Positioning ...

Page 19: ...an area which will allow a minimum of 90 cm 3 ft of free space in front of eac and the wall 15 cm in damp locations When selecting a location for system installation careful attention should be paid to accessibility overhead clearances and future expansions Consideration of these factors will eliminate possible difficulties that may otherwise arise during installation or future expansions The syst...

Page 20: ...ed in the system maximum motor start and minimum cooling time and frequency of operation IMPORTANT If aluminum wiring is used right copper adaptor must be used based on local regulations and standards WARNING Before attempting any operation inside a cabinet switch off all power supplies from the distribution board and allow another ten 10 minutes for the capacitors to discharge Connect the three p...

Page 21: ...rent Recommended CTs have 0 5 accuracy bandwidth of 4kHz and 10VA or higher burden Connect mains CTs to the output of the main circuit breaker and upstream of any other load as may be connected on the mains bus bars see Figure 8 2 Connect 6 2 5 mm wires between the mains CTs and the input terminals of the system CTs Mark the phases on both ends of each wire The maximum distance between the mains C...

Page 22: ...wisted pairs 4 wires shielded between the PC and the system 3 Connect an RS 422 485 to RS 232C converter e g ATEN model IC 485 SI to the computer end of always on and DCE i e connecting directly to the PC 4 Connect a PHOENIX contact KGG MSTB 2 5 4 ST connector to system end of the communication cable as illustrated in Figure 9 5 To connect multiple systems use a PHOENIX connector in parallel for e...

Page 23: ...disconnected from the main supply 2 Inspect all electrical and mechanical connections visually for mechanical damage and for integrity of components and accessories 3 Check that the enclosure has been positioned as required under Location on Page 19 4 Inspect incoming cables to ensure proper phase sequence L1 L2 L3 clockwise 5 Inspect Mains CTs wiring for proper phase and polarity marking and for ...

Page 24: ...reakers Using an ohmmeter check the resistance between all phases L1 L2 L2 L3 L3 L1 and between all phases to neutral if exists in the system and to ground L1 G L2 G L3 G and in WYE network also L1 N L2 N and L3 N to ensure that they are not shorted Resistance should be minimum 100 M Mega Ohms 3 Connect the main control switch circuit breaker and all the control fuses lights up and that the displa...

Page 25: ...PARATION FOR SITE INSTALLATION 1 Switch 2 Connect fuses or circuit breakers of capacitor group 1 only Note that it is a single set of three 3 fuses and that they may not be positioned one near to the other See drawings in the pocket of this manual back cover or in the documents pouch inside the system for fuses location WARNING Fuses should only be installed or removed after all power sources are ...

Page 26: ...stem Structure Summary The information displayed includes the following Capacitors Display of capacitors type single or three phase Delta There are two single phase configurations between line and neutral 1ph L N or line to line 1ph L L Layout Display of the number of groups installed and the number of system steps as a function of the number and arrangement of the groups For example 3 groups in a...

Page 27: ...ssage will be displayed to indicate that the system structure programming is about to be changed NOMINAL VOLTAGE phase system the voltage is line to line Figure 12 System Nominal Voltage PT SECONDARY This parameter is available only when nominal voltage is set at a value higher than 500 V voltage In a three phase system the voltage is line to line Figure 13 PT Secondary NOMINAL FREQUENCY ...

Page 28: ...ww elspec ltd com December 2014 SMX 0609 0101 User Manual EQ ST V15 Figure 14 Nominal Frequency NUMBER OF GROUPS Use this parameter to set the total number of groups in the system Figure 15 Number of Groups ...

Page 29: ...what is listed the groups below can act as a replacement as they are made up of the same size 1 Total size 350kVAr Reactive power per step 50 Group Arrangement 1 2 2 4 groups in total 1 50 2 50 2 50 2 50 50 100 100 100 350kVAr 2 Total size 900kVAr Reactive power per step 60 Group Arrangement 1 2 4 5 groups in total 1 60 2 60 4 60 4 60 4 60 60 120 240 240 240 900kVAr Should the group arrangement re...

Page 30: ...r to define the capacity in kVAr of each step and consequently the total system reactive power output calculated according to group arrangement ratio Figure 17 Step Size CAPACITOR SYSTEM S CT Use this parameter to set the ratio of the internal system s CTs E g 2000 5A Figure 18 Capacitor System s CT ...

Page 31: ...scroll to the corresponding phase by using F4 for and F5 for and F3 for modifications You use this screen when you need reverse the CT polarity and instead of doing that on the wires you can do it by and do the changes in the wiring s CT connection is made and tested at the Elspec plant only This option is used only in systems equipped with external Caps CTs when they are mounted in the final plac...

Page 32: ...etector All the Elspec standard systems are N O Figure 20 Over Temperature Detector ERROR DETECTION Use this parameter to temporarily inhibit detection of certain errors During normal operation the system operates on Operation Mode Customization should only be used for test purposes or when specifically indicated in the Troubleshooting section Figure 21 Error Detection ...

Page 33: ... temporarily disable one or more errors Procedure Select Customize NEXT The following screen will now open Figure 22 Error Detection Settings To disable the error s select the ERROR SELECT The following screen will now open Figure 23 Unable To Connect Perform any of the following operations Full Operation all the time Test Mode Only ...

Page 34: ...pe power factor compensation mode etc Figure 24 System Structure Setup Completion WELCOME TO THE SITE INSTALLATION Figure 25 shows the first screen of the Site Installation If the Site Installation has already been completed before there are two alternative for the site installation Figure 26 Review Modify Parameters Allow viewing all parameters and modifying only parameters that do not require ac...

Page 35: ...5 www elspec ltd com December 2014 SMX 0609 0101 User Manual EQ ST V15 Figure 25 Site Installation Welcome Screen Figure 26 Site Installation Type Selection Figure 27 Run Site Installation Warning Screen ...

Page 36: ...setting of the date and the time These values are only used to the time stamp of the events recorded by the controller Figure 28 Date Time Setting MAIN FEEDER TYPE Use this parameter to select feeder type according to the transformer s secondary structure of the feeder transformer either WYE star or DELTA Figure 29 Main Feeder Type ...

Page 37: ...load only The choice MUST match the system deployment exactly Figure 30 Network CT Type Figure 31 Network CT Type SELF DIAGNOSIS The Site Installation procedure runs a self diagnosis routine in which all the groups are connected one by one and all network information is observed Figure 33 through Figure 36 If the Site Installation is in 0 it is possible to skip the self diagnosis step Figure 32 ...

Page 38: ...38 www elspec ltd com December 2014 SMX 0609 0101 User Manual EQ ST V15 Figure 32 Self Diagnosis Figure 33 System Preparation Figure 34 Self Diagnosis Launch ...

Page 39: ...are connected at this point the self diagnosis function will open a screen as shown in Figure 36 proceed If the system does not detect any valid group an error message will appear Figure 37 Refer to Troubleshooting Should the controller indicate during Commissioning or during an error that all the capacitor groups are OK the next screen to appear is as Setting of Mains CTs Figure 38 Figure 36 Faul...

Page 40: ... set the polarity of the Mains CTs The objective is to see positive active energy readings kW on all 3 phases Any of the three phases that will show a negative reading can be corrected by scrolling to the corresponding row using F4 and F5 and pressing F3 Select If there is significant difference between the phases e g more than 20 it is more likely that there is problem with the phases than with t...

Page 41: ...to be configured for a cooling period via the MINIMUM COOLING TIME screen This system is designed to work with a duty cycle of 5 Meaning should the ON period for the motor start span for 15 seconds 3 x 5 the system must be inoperative for a minimum cooling period of 285 seconds 3 x 95 until the next operation cycle For a time ON of 30 seconds 6 x 5 the cooling state will be 570 seconds 6 x 95 at t...

Page 42: ... THRESHOLD screen then the system compensates for the extra load The system will cease compensation when it reaches 90 of the threshold value By external signal this mode requires one communication card equipped with an inhibit signal entry The system will start to operate once it receives the inhibit signal provided however that there will be a demand for reactive power compensation The inhibit s...

Page 43: ...ll be displayed for 380 seconds as it was configured for a MINIMUM COOLING TIME step that is synchronized with the 5 duty cycle On this screen Figure 44 the period until the next operation cycle is displayed on the last line The system will stop when the load is below 90 of the configured threshold 1080KVAr as per the previous figure or when the MAXIMUM CAPS ON TIME value has been reached or which...

Page 44: ... to the operator preferences This includes two parameters IN OUT THRESHOLD Insignificant fluctuations in the reactive energy demand as well as inaccuracy of the CTs reading may cause the system to connect or disconnect a step when it is not required This parameter defines the minimal change between connection and disconnection of a step in percent from step size POWER FACTOR MODE This parameter de...

Page 45: ...nd the difference between them compensation variation is marked as The light vertical lines show the margins between connection and disconnection of a step The difference between Figure 47 Figure 48 and Figure 49 is the value of the In Out threshold With the 50 value there are minimal changes is the connected capacity but larger differences between the target value and the actual With the 5 thresh...

Page 46: ... Mode Average with 5 Threshold Example Figure 49 PF Mode Average with 20 Threshold Example 100 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Time kVAr Calculated kVAr Connected kVAr Calc Minus Conn kVAr 100 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Time kVAr Calculated kVAr Connected kVAr Calc Minus Conn kVAr ...

Page 47: ...will cause larger maximum deviations from programmed value and smaller threshold will potentially cause more unwanted connections and disconnections The Power Factor mode as shown in Figure 52 should be set to Average for most installations In firmware version 2 X SCR Diode Switching Module the In Out Threshold is fixed to 50 and only minimum and maximum PF modes are available 100 50 0 50 100 150 ...

Page 48: ...pensating the upstream transformer in addition to the normal Target Power compensation The controller multiplies the active power KW by the compensation factor and adds the result to the amount of KW to compensate and compensate it together This function is useful for making up voltage drops due to active consumption Setting of upstream compensation is showed in Figure 54 and Figure 55 ...

Page 49: ...ns that it is a standalone system while the other option is when more than one system reads the same current and voltage Load Sharing Use when two systems or more compensate based on the same reading Each system compensates its part regardless of the other system s If one system fails the other system continue the same and only part of the load is compensated Cascade This option was deprecated On ...

Page 50: ...uration This is relevant in case two EQUALIZER ST systems both must be of the same type are deployed in one facility and measure input Mains signal from the same location For example if two 420kVAr and 300kVAr systems are deployed the total compensation power equals 720KVAr Therefore 420kVAr system should be configured to compensate for 58 of the load and the 300kVAr system should be configured to...

Page 51: ...t of the control mechanism Figure 58 Active Phases for Control INHIBIT SIGNAL signal that allows external pause of system operation in Automatic mode When this feature is enabled the system is The mode needs to be paused if the 24VDC signal is absent In order to use this feature a designated communication adapter equipped with an will be required Figure 59 Inhibit Signal ...

Page 52: ...er group the actual current is 120 A per group because of the harmonics present With Scan mode inactivated the groups that are on will be loaded by 120 Assuming that only 3 groups are required each one of the six groups will carry an average current of A groups groups A 60 6 3 120 which is 40 less than the nominal Note that when the system connects and disconnects groups in automatic mode the Scan...

Page 53: ... ST V15 Important note in SCR SCR system configuration the connection and disconnection of groups is NOT performed at the same time which results with short time of both groups are connected Since that in applications where voltage flickering is Figure 61 Scan Mode ...

Page 54: ...Communication Baud Rate is used to set a fixed rate speed communication of 19200 bps in instances where the communication line is noisy By rate Figure 62 Communication Baud Rate END OF SITE INSTALLATION Informs a successful completion of the site installation Figure 63 End of Site Installation Screen ...

Page 55: ...t power factor or enable it When you choose rks at normal or primary target power factor when the controller has 24V DC In Figure 65 you see the screen where to set the auxiliary target power factor value Each time the system is switched from primary to auxiliary target PF or vice versa one event is recorded in the controller The configuration screen described for in the point 0 Inhibit Signal ena...

Page 56: ...ents In order to set the information on the controller you will need to install and make use of The firmware may be downloaded from Website VOLTAGE MEASUREMENTS medium or high voltage The voltage measurement for the controller Appendix B can be connected either to the system busbars or to the MV voltages through a PT transformer recommended Figure 66 shows the setup screen for the voltage measurem...

Page 57: ...f same channel share the same shift value voltages mains current and capacitors current There is no need to shift all three channels simultaneously so at least one of the values shall be set to 0 The value is in degrees and positive value represents delay in the phase For example for Delta WYE transformer with mains current connected at the primary but voltages and capacitor currents connected at ...

Page 58: ...ary type is configured in lowercase This is followed by a single number which is multiplied by 30 in order to calculate the shift in the degrees from the Transformer primary to secondary type For example Dyn1 stands for primary Delta secondary WYE with Neutral with phase shift equals 1 x 30 30 degrees Figure 69 Voltage Channels Shift Figure 70 Mains Current Shift ...

Page 59: ...he system for fuses location 3 Close and latch enclosure doors then switch cabinet power up 4 Press F1 Mode and use F4 and F5 Select The system will perform a built the status line 5 On test completion a Group Test Report will be displayed as shown in Figure 72 6 Use F4 and F5 to highlight the group under test Press F3 Enter and verify that the values detected match those expected On any mismatch ...

Page 60: ... successfully completed the not the controller is in actual fact reading the measurements This is done by completing the Measurement Testing Procedure On the controller proceed to LCM Total kVAr Select LCM Combined F3 Enter Total kVAR Meters F3 Enter The LCM Total kVAr Meter screen Figure 93 will now appear Figure 73 LCM Screen Without Caps Ensure that the Loads Mains read approximately the same v...

Page 61: ...rect Main value needs to equal the Load Size minus Once you have completed the Testing Procedure verified that all the system reads the correct measurements you may set the Controller to CAUTION Refer to the Troubleshooting Chapter should the measurements differ or read incorrectly DO NOT SET THE CONTROLLER TO AUTOMATIC MODE UNTIL THE MEASUREMENTS ARE CORRECT Controller FRONT PANEL Figure 75 Heade...

Page 62: ...s each group is indicated by the number of steps it includes For example 4 groups with 1 2 4 arrangement would be 1 2 4 4 If the group is malfunctioning its indication is replaced by for details about the malfunction see Group Test Report on Page 80 The programmed group arrangement must correspond with the actual build of the system If the group is connected it is marked as below its indication or...

Page 63: ...ited by a remote signal Page 51 ERROR The controller has found an error in the system and disconnected all the groups For more details press F2 INFO or IN OUT See Troubleshooting for error detection and troubleshooting FUNCTION KEYS AND TAGS All controller functions are accessible from five function keys at the bottom of the front panel The keys functions may change and their current function is d...

Page 64: ...us state 65 CLOSE Closes the current window and returns to the previous one 65 BACK Moves back one step in a set up procedure 65 F3 Numeric MENU 65 Graphic MENU 65 Text ENTER Opens the selected item 65 CLOSE Closes the current window and returns to the previous one 65 NEXT Accepts the value entered moves to the next step in a set up procedure 65 F4 Numeric Moves to the previous window on the favou...

Page 65: ...urrents and Frequency Mains Feeder Currents Line to line Voltages Line to neutral Voltages Control Results kVAr Control Results Number of Steps Load Main and Cap kVAr Summary Table 7 Favorites List Screens MENU KEY F3 in one of the reading modes Menu operations are effected through key functions as listed below HELPFUNCTION Use F1 to activate the HELP function where a help screen is available for ...

Page 66: ...stem Information Page 67 MANUAL Use F2 to activate the IN OUT function for manual connection or disconnection of groups see next section for more details PAUSED Pressing F2 will open a message denoting the system is paused due to activation of the inhibit signal Page 51 even though the key tag shows different functionality ERROR Use F2 to display a description of the existing error see Troubleshoo...

Page 67: ...tion screen lists information as described below Figure 76 System Information Screen Model Serial Number Firmware Ver Firmware internal software version built code Loader Ver The Loader is the fundamental firmware that loads the controller firmware at startup and also used for firmware upgrading Alarm Status Alarm relay status activated on or de activated off The Alarm is activated if the system i...

Page 68: ...or each value it displays the number of steps to connect or disconnect for this value control and the total of steps to connect Figure 77 Control Logic Results IN OUT FUNCTION Use this function to connect or disconnect groups in Manual Mode First press F2 to change the functions of F4 and F5 to IN and OUT respectively Hold down F2 while pressing either F4 In or F5 Out to connect or disconnect grou...

Page 69: ...ndow to activate the MODE function The system will immediately disconnect all the groups regardless of the mode of operation This function is therefore useful for fast system disabling Pressing F1 Mode will display the screen shown in Figure 79 Note that if the Site Installation procedure has not been completed yet a warning message will be displayed to prompt you to run the Site Installation proc...

Page 70: ...ched to make changes in an already installed system To get to the System Setup menu press F3 Menu on measurement mode window then select System Setup Figure 80 System Setup Menu Display Contrast Select this option to set the display contrast The ambient temperature lighting condition and viewing angle affect the contrast Display Refresh Rate The controller measures all the data once per cycle and ...

Page 71: ...on to delete the data accumulated by the Energy Meters The meters will show zero readings and start accumulate data from the time they were cleared MODBUS Slave Address In MODBUS communication the slave ID of each unit must be set This is a value between 1 to 32 Appendix D This menu item appears only if MODBUS option is included in the controller see Figure 2 on Page 12 Site Installation Select th...

Page 72: ...th their minimum and maximum values Figure 82 Graphic display covering harmonics Figure 83 and waveforms Figure 84 Text display covering menus System Information Figure 76 on Page 67 Energy Meters Figure 85 and Events Figure 86 NUMERIC DISPLAY set number is displayed with the current value 1 and its minimum and maximum 2 The minimum and maximum values are reset whenever the display is changed For ...

Page 73: ... through 31st harmonic and 32nd through 62nd The displays are switched automatically according to the number of the selected harmonic For example when the cursor is on the 31st harmonic click F5 to move the cursor to the 32nd harmonic and display the 32nd through 62nd harmonics Figure 83 Harmonic Spectrum Display WAVEFORM DISPLAY The Waveform Display includes a cursor 1 the waveform s momentary va...

Page 74: ...5 minute meters and monthly total meters each showing the previous period total 15 minute or monthly and the value accumulated since the start of current period The values include active energy kWh and reactive energy kVArh for both imported in and exported out energy The information is stored in a flash memory device in the controller every 15 minutes and PowerIQ software can retrieve the informa...

Page 75: ... as explained in Table 8 Each event information includes event number code date time short description of the event and whether it is new or old Use F4 and F5 to scroll to the previous or next recorded event by numerical it is displayed it will be indicated as such The entire Event log is downloadable through PowerIQ software Events icon to a PC for easy reading sorting and filtering Appendix C in...

Page 76: ... TCP IP component installed Communications A communication cable between the PC and the units See detailed description of hardware connection and unit set up in Installation Setup Software PowerIQ For best performance use Pentium 4 1 6 GHz or higher with 256 MB of memory and Microsoft Windows XP Professional Before connecting disconnecting the communication to from the controller connector turn th...

Page 77: ...ients including from the same type for example opening three instances of Gauge All clients are accessible through the PowerIQ Main Taskbar HELP SYSTEM For additional information on PowerIQ seek PowerIQ on line help To access on line help do one of the following 1 Use F1 to open the Help system for the specific function 2 3 Routine PREVENTATIVE Maintenance SAFETY All maintenance operations must be...

Page 78: ... dust and other contaminants inside the equipment ANNUAL MAINTENANCE Once annually check All control and protective devices All power connections for tightness Measurement system calibration Troubleshooting The secret to troubleshooting is to collect as much information as possible and eliminate problems in a methodical way The system contains sophisticated built in troubleshooting algorithms capa...

Page 79: ...he list will identify any system misconfigurations or the occurrence of repetitive faults ASKING FOR ELSPEC S ADVICE If Elspec assistance is required please include the following information in your communication 1 Detailed problem description events and chain of events when applicable 2 The system catalog number a picture of the main system sticker should suffice 3 Pictures of fault location if a...

Page 80: ...F4 and F5 to select a group Now press F3 Enter to open a Group Details screen Figure 89 and Figure 90 listing information on the reactive energy measured kVAr normalized to the nominal voltage and frequency will be displayed e g for nominal values of 400v 50Hz 120kVAr and measured values 390v 50 3Hz 110kVAr 115 110 3 50 0 50 390 400 2 kVAr is displayed In addition the percent value is calculated f...

Page 81: ...adings Figure 91 This is the system internal kVAr readings when all the capacitor groups are disconnected Normally all values should be zero However if one of the groups is malfunctioned with a burned SCR it may cause a short circuit and turn on a group or all or part of the phases and the kVAr readings will be non zero This will also cause E3 on this group Figure 91 Background Readings ...

Page 82: ...e W firmware Should any of the aforementioned points be absent the cause may be due to 1 The power supplying the system is not at the correct phase order or 2 The power supplying the system is not in the phase as that of s or 3 The Mains incorrectly or 4 The polarity of the Mains or 5 The CT ratio on the controller itself has been setup incorrectly Issues due to changes made to the external system...

Page 83: ...Ar Polarity Access the menu by selecting Menu Main Feeder readings More KVA o KVAr phase meters NOTE All the values are positive values with no group connected approximately equal to each phase value Mains L to N Voltage Waveforms Applicable only to WYE Topologies Access the menu by selecting Menu Main Feeder Readings Waveforms More Lx N Voltage NOTE The shift from phase to phase has an angle of 1...

Page 84: ...12 as the starting reference Mains Current Waveforms The menu is accessed by selecting Menu Main Feeder Readings Waveforms Lx Current NOTE The shift from phase to phase is at a 120º angle corresponds approximately depending on the Power Factor with the L N voltage waveforms Caps Current Line Waveforms Access the menu by selecting Menu Cap system readings Waveforms Lx Current NOTE The shift from ph...

Page 85: ...s drastic changes in the loads value when the capacitors are connected The Mains KVAr reading displays an opposite value also on the polarity screen displays a shift of 120º from L1 to L2 from L2 at the next peak an additional 120º running however in the negative or in the opposite direction This is a main indication of an incorrect polarity at the Main CT L3 measurements for all the parameters re...

Page 86: ...gle from L1 L2 will be at 120º in the incorrect direction on M screen In addition L2 L3 will increase at an angle of 240º increases at another 240º from L3 L1 instead of a 120º You will also notice that I3 remains in approximately the same position as V3 N voltage or V31 30 I2 remains in approximately in the same position as V1 N voltage or V12 30 I1 remains in approximately in the same position a...

Page 87: ...ally when the capacitors are connected The value for each phase will differ in size with an incorrect value on the Mains KVAr as well on the polarity screen The phase to phase seems that it is on a correct angle of 120º on the Main s waveform currents display L N Waveform Voltage angles are at 240º from L1 L2 at 120º from L1 L3 The L L Waveform voltages displays similar differences as L N however ...

Page 88: ... same allowance for each phase make a note of the value The end result should be 120º from phase to phase starting either at L1 L12 Any adjustments corrections to the phase order should be made when the phase are connected to the system Mains Currents Test In order to test the Currents on the mains you need to toggle the Mai olarity see the procedure outlined in Should the active power with loads ...

Page 89: ...he system ensure electrical isolation by opening the circuit breaker or fused disconnect protecting the system Always follow applicable lock out tag out procedures For isolation devices installed within the system exercise extra caution to protect from live terminals and conductors on the line side of the isolation device On completion of the troubleshooting operation run commissioning procedures ...

Page 90: ...ure configuration This is the LEAST recommended solution since it requires repeat of all programming THE CONTROLLER DOESN T POWER UP 1 Make sure that the controller is connected to the power supply Note that power supply connection is separated from the measurement voltage connection and all 5 left most connectors on the rear of the controller should be in use Appendix B 2 Confirm that there is no...

Page 91: ...SE EXPECTED Check for improper setting of the CT ratio or verify that ALL the power input is surrounded by the CTs A typical bad connection is one with two parallel transformers or multiple feeders For example in Figure 94 if Figure 94 Parallel Transformer CTs connection THE VOLTAGE AND CURRENT READINGS ARE OK BUT THE POWER AND THE POWER FACTOR ARE NOT Check for a mismatch between the phases of th...

Page 92: ...m If the system was designed to receive Neutral it must be connected If not a connection must be made from the ground to the terminal SINGLE CAPACITOR GROUP FAILURE 1 Repeat Site Installation Page 26 2 Disconnect all the groups and check system current If it is not zero replace that switching module to which the malfunctioning group is connected 3 Review malfunctioning group data see Group Test Re...

Page 93: ...reported Causes Averaging Delay For 8 consecutive network cycles the limit has been exceeded Limits A deviation of approx 10 from nominal value is registered The next steps Action A The identified group is disconnected and disabled Error Reset Automatically see below or manually by activating self test Automatic Reset Delay The system repeats the self test on defective groups only after 1 minute I...

Page 94: ...hen you start to connecting them one by one only one big group at a time should be connected 8 If you need further assistance please take note of all of those values 9 Check if there is signal of capacitor s blown if the network distortion is very strong or in rare occasions if a capacitor has an imperfection one voltage peak could affect it 10 After such an event both SWM and power fuse may be af...

Page 95: ...ace the controller 14 NETWORK SYNCHRONIZATION ERROR E6 POSSIBLE CAUSES The system is equipped with a sophisticated algorithm designed to synchronize the electrical network In some cases the network is extremely unstable and even this excellent technique cannot synchronize it or in other instances a fault occurred inside the system itself Causes Monitored Signals L1 L2 Voltage in three phase system...

Page 96: ...and verify with ohmmeter that its impedance is infinity open mode if not change to a new one Important Make sure that the temperature near the thermostat 85 c is lower than 80 c 2 Verify that there are no obstacles in the air ways 3 Verify that the ambient temperature is not above the system specifications If it is too high reduce it by improving the ventilation of the site or adding cooling to th...

Page 97: ...ime should be connected 2 If you need further assistance take notes of all of those values Check if there is signal of capacitor s blown if the network distortion is very strong or in rare occasions when capacitor has an imperfection even one voltage peak could affect the capacitors After this event the total capacitance of the capacitors module is reduced and the resonance point if closer to the ...

Page 98: ...onverter and the position of the converter dip switches 2 Make sure that the COM port is not in use by other application 3 Add the unit manually using the Add Unit function 4 Use a lower baud rate THE REMOTE CONTROL DO NOT DISPLAY ANY INFORMATION OR UPDATES VERY SLOW Decrease the baud rate using the Unit Properties Detailed Menu Description 3 PHASE WYE CONFIGURATION OR UNBALANCED NETWORK WITH 3 PH...

Page 99: ...99 www elspec ltd com December 2014 SMX 0609 0101 User Manual EQ ST V15 3 PHASE DELTA CONFIGURATION ...

Page 100: ...100 www elspec ltd com December 2014 SMX 0609 0101 User Manual EQ ST V15 ...

Page 101: ...101 www elspec ltd com December 2014 SMX 0609 0101 User Manual EQ ST V15 SINGLE PHASE CONFIGURATION ...

Page 102: ...102 www elspec ltd com December 2014 SMX 0609 0101 User Manual EQ ST V15 UNBALANCED NETWORK WITH SINGLE PHASE CAPACITORS ...

Page 103: ...llation and write down all system data Also if you have relevant information stored synchronize it to the PowerIQ software BOOT LOADER UPGRADING 1 Switch the power down remove the service door on the back of the controller and slide the Boot Loader Upgrade card into the upper slot If the slow is occupied temporarily remove the existing card 2 Switch the power back up On display of the welcome mess...

Page 104: ... Window and display the serial number and version also prompting for product and authorization code Fill in the product code and authorization number as indicated in the firmware upgrade information received from Elspec then click OK Figure 96 Product Authorization Window 8 The communication progress bar will go up to 100 and then the system will reset On display of the message Cannot establish co...

Page 105: ...r rear panel Figure 98 contains all the connectors required for interface It carries 12 group EQUALIZER ST firing and RS 485 communication cards The functions of all rear panel connectors are as described below Figure 98 Controller Rear View Power Supply 1 Single phase power supply Connect to 230v 50 or 60 Hz GND 2 Connection to protective earth ...

Page 106: ...porting connectors FIRING Connector A 8 Providing firing pulses to the switching modules and receiving temperature FIRING Connector B 9 Providing firing pulses to the switching modules and receiving temperature n capacitor groups 7 through 12 RS 485 10 RS 422 RS 485 serial communication port comprising differential Transmit and Receive ports connector type Phoenix MSTB 2 5 4 ST Digital Input 1 11 ...

Page 107: ...to recover from parameter CRC error Factory default parameter set was activated Both copies of the parameters were corrupted and the system automatically loaded default values I0015 Automatic operation mode has been set User selected automatic mode of operation I0016 Manual operation mode has been set User selected manual mode of operation I0017 System was shut down Alarm signal was set ON The sys...

Page 108: ...n has been DISABLED The user disabled voltage control mode I0027 Deep voltage drop was detected All available capacitor groups will be connected The system activated the voltage control grid drop mode I0028 Deep voltage drop mode has been deactivated Resuming normal operation The system de activated the voltage control grid drop mode I0029 Firmware version was upgraded from 1 to 2 3 The user chang...

Page 109: ...ineers care about apparent power because even though the current associated with reactive power does no work at the load it heats the wires and by doing so wastes energy Conductors transformers and generators must be sized to carry the total current not just the current that performs work Conventionally capacitors are considered to generate reactive power and inductors to consume it If a capacitor...

Page 110: ... threshold PF which varies between different countries and utilities e g 0 95 0 92 etc Reactive power can be compensated locally where necessary by installing power producing capacitor or automatic power factor correction systems Capacitor current and inductor current are Reactive and have a 180 difference in phase The total Reactive current is the sum of both currents hence the Reactive current c...

Page 111: ...ctive power for a relatively short period of time The starting current of an AC motor usually varies from 6 to 8 times the nominal current at steady state This is due to the large amount of energy that is required to magnetize the motor enough to overcome the inertia the system has at standstill The high current drawn from the network usually causes problems such as voltage drop high transients an...

Page 112: ...d by calculating the exact amount of compensation needed at the exact timing during startup However these unique network conditions should be taken in consideration when calculating the system size as the connection distance generator type size etc are all contributing factors in this calculation The Power Factor is not an issue when the target is to compensate for the motor startup Elspec bases t...

Page 113: ...113 www elspec ltd com December 2014 SMX 0609 0101 User Manual EQ ST V15 Appendix E Example Of Electrical Diagram Figure 101 Standard Electrical Diagram ...

Page 114: ...ower supply If an over temperature event occurs the SWM is disconnected from the power supply In case the system contains several cabinets each cabinet has its own SWM controller and Fan power supply transformer Because the system is balanced the controller receives measurements from the system itself only for phases L1 and L2 In this case the Caps CTs are mounted externally The Neutral connection...

Page 115: ...0Nm the M6 to mounting and grounding it at 6Nm For extra power SWM using M12 instead of M10 use 40Nm For SWM type 3A 3B 2U three two groups connection the M8 nuts on the contacts with 26Nm Capacitors base to capacitors platform M12 with 12Nm the M4 screws on the three phase capacitors head with 1 5Nm the M10 nuts on the single phase capacitors heads with 8Nm fix the below nut with other tool when ...

Page 116: ...ds to be installed in order to activate it Multimeter Current clamp Power NH fuse puller Wrench set for 10 13 17 and 19 mm T wrench 10 mm Torque wrench Screwdrivers Philips and plain in several sizes Cable cutter Utility knife Control fuses 10x38mm 1A and 2A Desirable SWM Capacitors power fuses Appendix H Using The LED Tester Tool Tutorial This device is used to check if the firing signal passes t...

Page 117: ... the LED tested begins back from the start cyclic shift l see on the controller screen the error number seven and the system turn off all the groups that were connected Appendix I Communication GENERAL The system supports two communication protocols Elcom Elspec s unique high speed communication protocol enabling the fastest serial communication using PowerIQ software MODBUS Standard communication...

Page 118: ...re listed below Last table listed on page 127 available from firmware 6 0 3 An address starting with 0x represents a hexadecimal address Note that the addresses are listed as PLC addresses base 1 For protocol addresses base 0 deduct 1 from each value Ir1 represents the Mains current in phase R L1 Ir2 represents Capacitor System current in phase R Ir3 represents Load Centre current in phase R it re...

Page 119: ... Bit 2 Installation 0 Completed 1 not yet Bit 3 Test Status 0 No test 1 Test in Progress Bit 4 Faults 0 No Faults 1 some general faults Bit 5 Inhibiting signal 0 Not Activated 1 Activated Bit 6 Cooling mode 0 Not Activated 1 Activated Bits 7 15 RESERVED Table 13 MODBUS Status Bits PARAMETERS ADDRESSES r s t L1 L2 and L3 rs st tr L12 L23 and L31 I Current V Voltage Number 1 Mains Number 2 Caps Numb...

Page 120: ...93 Qtot2RMS 95 Pr3RMS 111 Ps3RMS 113 Pt3RMS 115 Ptot3RMS 117 Qr3RMS 119 Qs3RMS 121 Qt3RMS 123 Qtot3RMS 125 Sr3RMS 127 Ss3RMS 129 St3RMS 131 Stot3RMS 133 CosR1RMS 141 CosS1RMS 143 CosT1RMS 145 CosTot1RMS 147 THDVr 201 THDVs 203 THDVt 205 THDV_max 207 THDVrs 209 THDVst 211 THDVtr 213 THDVV_max 215 PARAMETER ADDR THDIr1 221 THDIs1 223 THDIt1 225 THDI1_max 227 THDIr2 231 THDIs2 233 THDIt2 235 THDI2_ma...

Page 121: ... the previous 15 minutes Last KVAr IN 15 6668 The KVAr IN of the previous 15 minutes Last KVAr OUT 15 6670 The KVAr OUT of the previous 15 minutes Current KW IN Total 6672 The KW IN of the current month Current KW OUT Total 6674 The KW OUT of the current month Current KVAr IN Total 6676 The KVAr IN of the current month Current KVAr OUT Total 6678 The KVAr OUT of the current month Last KW IN Total ...

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