Daewoo DDT-21H9ZZF, Service Manual, Page: 41 / 83

-40-
Service Manual CP-099F
5-3-8 Adaptive Comb Filter (VCT3834A only)
The adaptive comb filter is used for high-quality luminance/chrominance separation for PAL or NTSC signals. The
comb filter improves the luminance resolution (bandwidth) and reduces interferences like cross-luminance and
cross-color artefacts. The adaptive algorithm can eliminate most of the mentioned errors without introducing new
artefacts or noise. The filter uses two line delays to process the information of three adjacent video lines. To have a
fixed phase relationship of the colour subcarrier in the three channels, the system clock (20.25 MHz) is fractionally
locked to the colour subcarrier. This allows the processing of all colour standards and substandards using a single
crystal frequency. The CVBS signal in the three channels is filtered at the subcarrier frequency by a set of bandpass/
notch filters. The output of the three channels is used by the adaptation logic to select the weighting that is used to
reconstruct the luminance/chrominance signal from the 4 bandpass/notch filter signals. By using soft mixing of the 4
signals switching artefacts of the adaption algorithm are completely suppressed. The comb filter uses the middle line as
reference, therefore, the comb filter delay is one line. If the comb filter is switched off, the delay lines are used to pass
the luma/ chroma signals from the A/D converters to the luma/ chroma outputs. Thus, the comb filter delay is always
one line.
5-3-9 Color Decoder
In this block, the standard luma/chroma separation and multi-standard colour demodulation is carried out. The colour
demodulation uses an asynchronous clock, thus allowing a unified architecture for all colour standards.
The colour killer uses the burst-phase/ burst-frequency measurement to identify a PAL/NTSC or SECAM colour signal.
For PAL/NTSC, the colour is switched off (killed) as long as the colour subcarrier PLL is not locked. For SECAM, the
killer is controlled by the toggle of the burst frequency. The burst amplitude measurement is used to switch-off the
colour if the burst amplitude is below a programmable threshold. Thus, colour will be killed for very noisy signals.
The colour amplitude killer has a programmable hysteresis.
The burst-frequency measurement is also used for automatic standard recognition (together with the status of horizontal
and vertical locking) thus allowing a completely independent search of the line and colour standard of the input signal.
The following standards can be distinguished:
PAL B,G,H,I; NTSC M; SECAM; NTSC 44; PAL M; PAL N; PAL 60. In AV mode or when Prg No 0 is selected all the
standards above are enabled by the controlling software. In INSTALL menu the controlling software enables PAL B,G,
H,I and SECAM detection. The colour standard for each program number is stored in EEPROM. Outside INSTALL
menu and for programmes numbers 1 to 99, the auto colour detection is disabled, the colour standard is recall from
EEPROM and forced.
5-3-10 Horizontal Scaler (VCT3834A only)
The 4:2:2 Y,C r ,C b signal from the colour decoder is processed by the horizontal scaler. The scaler block allows a
linear or nonlinear horizontal scaling of the input video signal in the range of 0.25 to 4. Nonlinear scaling, also called
“Panoramavision”, provides a geometrical distortion of the input picture. It is used to fit a picture with 4:3 format on a
16:9 screen by stretching the picture geometry at the borders. Also, the inverse effect can be produced by the scaler.
The scaler contains a programmable decimation filter, a 1-line FIFO memory, and a programmable interpolation filter.
5-3-11 Video Sync Processing
To extract the sync information from the video signal, a linear phase low-pass filter eliminates all noise and video
contents above 1 MHz. The sync is separated by a slicer; the sync phase is measured. A variable window can be
selected to improve the noise immunity of the slicer. The phase comparator measures the falling edge of sync, as well
as the integrated sync pulse. The sync phase error is filtered by a phase-locked loop that is computed by the Fast
Processor. All timing in the front-end is derived from a counter that is part of this PLL, and it thus counts synchro-
nously to the video signal. A separate hardware block measures the signal back porch and also allows gathering the
maximum/minimum of the video signal. This information is processed by the FP and used for gain control and
clamping. For vertical sync separation, the sliced video signal is integrated. The FP uses the integrator value to derive
vertical sync and field information. The information extracted by the video sync processing is multiplexed onto the
hardware front sync signal (FSY) and is distributed to the rest of the video processing system.
The data for the vertical deflection, the sawtooth, and the East-West correction signal is calculated by the VCT 38xxA.