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4. Factors influencing the Physical Water Treatment
Temperature
heating element
best under 97°C
Effect Time
2 - 7 da
ys
Distance
2 km and mor
e
Temperature
heating element
best under 207°F
Effect Time
2 - 7 da
ys
Distance
1.2 mi
les and mor
e
Experience shows that the Vulcan effect will start to diminish after a
distance of approximately 2.000 m (~ 1.2 miles) in the pipe. However,
long distances of 2 km (~ 1.2 miles) or more are rarely reached within
buildings. Furthermore, with the favorable pipe system setup, the effect
often last longer.
4.3 The Combination Factors:
Temperature - Pressure - Type of heating
a. Temperature and its effect on the treatment
The water temperature itself is one factor that has some influence on the
duration of the treatment (how long the effect will last). We learned that
warm water (30°C/86°F or more) has a positive effect on the growth of
the mono-crystals (see section 4.1) and therefore is even supporting the
treatment.
Extreme heat such as a heating element surface temperature of above
97°C (207°F) may also influence the treatment’s outcome. What we
observe with the scale situation of a heating element is that the heating
element stays cleaner at 98°C (208°F) surface temperatures than at 110°C
(230°F) or than at 130°C (266°F) and so on. This is a natural finding
as heat promotes the scale formation. In general, the calcium crystals
naturally want to gain back their common shape.
Combinations: A mixture of influences
The combination of several external factors together influence the
treatment and it is not always possible to know the exact outcome in
advance:
Temperature is one influence to consider. A second factor to keep an
eye on is high pressure (e.g. in boilers/ steamers). What also comes into
the equations is the way of the heating provided (gas, electrical, heat
exchanging, burner etc).
When there is extreme heat, a specific pressure with that and a
heating technology involved, this mixture may have a somewhat different
treatment effect.
Please consider that in such a situation it may be best to test and see.
For example, a typical finding can be: the hot surfaces of burners, heating
elements or steam generators may show some more deposits from 95°C
up. For example: the heating element stays cleaner at 98°C (208°F)
surface temperatures then at 110°C (230°F) then at 130°C (266°F) and
so on.
Conclusion
When several factors including extreme high heating element
temperatures and high pressure together with one of several possibilities
occur together, the treatment effect is not always easy to predict.
Always put in a trial installation! When the customer understands these
variables he knows what to expect and what not.
Vulcan working range -
metric system (°C, km)
USA
System (°F, miles)
