Continental Motors O-470-A Operator'S Manual Download Page 91

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Summary of Contents for O-470-A

Page 1: ...Publication X30097 CONTINENTAL MOTORS INC AUGUST 2011 O 470 A B E G J K L M R S U CONTINENTAL AIRCRAFT ENGINE OPERATOR S MANUAL FAA APPROVED ...

Page 2: ...4 1 thru 4 4 0 5 1 thru 5 24 0 6 1 thru 6 8 0 7 1 thru 7 4 0 8 1 thru 8 6 1 9 1 thru 9 8 0 10 1 thru 10 8 0 11 1 thru 11 6 0 Published and printed in the U S A by Continental Motors Inc Available exclusively from the publisher P O Box 90 Mobile AL 36601 Copyright 2011 Continental Motors Inc All rights reserved This material may not be reprinted republished broadcast or otherwise altered without th...

Page 3: ... are generated prior to and independently of the aircraft operating instructions established by the airframe manufacturer Continental Motors engine operating instructions are developed using factory controlled parameters that are not necessarily the same as those specifications required to satisfy a specific aircraft I engine installation Because of this difference the aircraft operator should use...

Page 4: ...III Normal Operating Procedures 3 1 IV In Flight Emergency Procedures 4 1 V Engine Performance and Cruise Control 5 1 VI Abnormal Environmental Conditions 6 1 VII Engine Description 7 1 VI II Servicing and Inspection 8 1 IX Troubleshooting 9 1 X Storage and Removal From Storage 10 1 XI Glossary 11 1 ii ...

Page 5: ... Sea Level Performance for 0 470 J 5 12 II Altitude Performance for 0 470 J 5 13 12 Fuel Flow Limits for 0 470 J 5 14 13 Sea Level Performance for 0 470 K L 5 15 14 Sea Level Performance for 0 470 R S 5 16 15 Altitude Performance for 0 470 K L R S 5 17 16 Fuel Flow Limits for 0 470 K L R S 5 18 17 Sea Level Performance for 0 470 M 5 19 18 Altitude Performance for 0 470 M 5 20 19 Fuel Flow Limits f...

Page 6: ...gine are not intended to impose undue restrictions on operation of the aircraft but are inserted to enable the pilot to obtain maximum performance from the engine commensurate with safety and efficiency Abuse misuse or neglect of any piece of equipment can cause eventual failure In the case of an aircraft engine it should be obvious that a failure may have disastrous consequences Failure to observ...

Page 7: ...and are also available on an annual subscription basis Subscription forms are available at Distributors or from Teledyne Continental Motors P O Box 90 Mobile Alabama 36601 Attention Publications Department WARNING This engine must be installed in accordance with all requirements ang limitations listed in the Specifi cations and Limits for Teledyne Continental Aircraft Engines v ...

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Page 9: ...the aircraft manufacturer The relatively high power delivered by the engines per pound of weight is achieved by utilization of carefully selected high strength materials by improvements in design calculated to make the most of these high quality materials and by very close control of critical dimensions surface finishes heat treatment and hardening processes Careful work has produced more rugged e...

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Page 11: ...nifold Pressure in Hg Critical Altitude Feet N A CYLINDER DATA Number of Cylinders 6 Displacement Cubic Inches 471 Bore and Stroke Inches 5 00 X 4 00 Compression Ratio see page 2 4 PROPELLER DRIVE DATA Type Flanged 6 Bolt ARP 502 Direction of Rotation Clockwise Ratio To Crankshaft Direct Vibration Dampers Number and Order One 6th One 4 1 2 0 470 V Two 6th One 5th One 4 1 2 FUEL SYSTEM Type Carbure...

Page 12: ...ea Level 30 or IOW 30 All Temperatures Multiviscosity see page 7 3 Sump Capacity Quarts Maximum see page 2 4 Usable Oil Quarts 15 Nose Up 6 Usable Oil Quarts 15 Nose Down 6 IGNITION SYSTEM Timing 0 BTC see page 2 5 See appropriate parts catalog and specification list for accessories pertaining to your engine model 2 2 ...

Page 13: ... Accessories Ibs Total Engine Dry Weight With Accessories subject to Production Variation of 2 5 Ibs ENGINE M A B E G J 380 96 409 50 389 58 431 60 380 96 414 93 450 00 395 18 466 50 414 93 with 15 limp generator 450 00 Ibs with 25 amp generator 454 25 Ibs K 404 03 438 00 ...

Page 14: ...ximum Continuous RPM 2600 2600 2600 2600 2550 I Rated Take Off HP 225 240 225 240 225 Rated Maximum Take Off RPM 2600 2600 2600 2600 2550 Recommended Cruise RPM 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 Recommended Cruise Manifold Pressure in Hg 23 23 23 23 23 Minimum Fuel Grade 80 J 100ll 80 J 100ll 80 J Oil Pressure cruise Ib sq in 30 60 30 60 30 60 30 60 30 60 Oil Pressure Minimum idling Ib sq in 10 10 10 10 10...

Page 15: ...5 6 I Approximate Fuel Consumption gal l hr Firing Order Ignition Timing Right Magneto BTC Left Magneto BTC Magneto Manufacturer Model No Approved Spark Plugs Valve Rocker Clearance t S E FUEL l 1 6 3h 26 24 26 24 20 26 24 26 24 20 S6RN S6RN S6RN S6RN S6RN S 25 25 25 25 25 f SEJ SER fICE BtJL 1 4 0 060 t0 o 1001 1 rna he substituted when XO octane is unavailahle o Ahove 75 power OOH up to 75 power...

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Page 17: ...first oil change period 25 hours The minimum grade aviation fuel is 80 octane for models A E J K L Rand Sand 1001 100lL for models B G M U A grade offuel other than that specified should be limited to emergencies only In case the grade required is not available use a higher rating Never use a lower rated fuel Using higher octane fuels may cause higher cylinder temperatures and engine instruments s...

Page 18: ...of fuel from all sumps and strainers into a clean container If water or foreign matter is noted continue drain ing until only clean fuel appears 5 Check oil level in sump 6 Check cowling for security STARTING I Fuel Selector ON appropriate tank 2 Propeller Control HIGH RPM 3 Mixture Control FULL RICH 4 Battery Switch ON 5 Throttle FULL OPEN 6 Boost Pumps or Primer ON 2 to 3 seconds 7 Throttle 1 2 ...

Page 19: ...Ial ling system is inoperative and must be repaired hefore damaging Slarler adapter assembly old Starts a Throttle FULL OPEN b Mixture Control FULL RICH c Primer ON 2 to 3 seconds d Throttle 1 2 INCH OPEN e Magneto Start Switch START position f Once engine starts it may be necessary to keep engine running with primer g Magneto Start Switch BOTH position Flooded Engine a Mixture Control IDLE CUT OF...

Page 20: ...TARTING Cont d 9 Throttle 1000 to 1500 RPM 10 Oil Pressure ABOVE 30 POUNDS WITHIN 30 SECONDS II Alternator Switch ON 12 Use the same procedure to start other engine if operating a twin engine installation GROUND RUNNING WARM UP Teledyne Continental aircraft engines are aircooled and therefore dependent upon the forward speed of the aircraft for cooling To prevent overheating it is important that t...

Page 21: ...for taxiing to take off position The minimum allowable oil tempera ture for run up is 75 F CAUTION Do not operate the engine at run up speed unless oil temperalllre is 75 F minimum 3 Perform all ground operations with cowl flaps if installed full open mixture control in FULL RICH and the propeller control set for Full Increase RPM except for brief testing of propeller governor 4 Restrict ground op...

Page 22: ...akeoff magneto check When operating on single ignition some RPM drop should be noted Normal indications should be a 25 75 RPM drop and slight engine roughness as each magnelo is switched o ff Absence o fa magneto drop may be indicative fan open switch circuit or an improperly timed magneto A drop in RPM that exceeds 150 may indicate a faulty magneto or fouled spark plugs b Minor spark plug fouling...

Page 23: ...il Pressure The oil pressure relief valve will maintain pressure within the specified limits if the oil temperature is within the specified limits and if the engine is not excessively worn or dirty Fluctuating or low pressure may be due to dirt in the oil pressure relief valve or congealed oil in the system b Oil Temperature The oil cooler and oil temperature control valve will maintain oil temper...

Page 24: ...ng should return to the positive side as soon as the engine starts and RPM increases A low cha ging rate is normal after the initial recharging of the battery A zero reading or negative reading with electrical load may indicate a malfunction in the alternator or regulator system TAKEOFF I Position mixture to FULL RICH Where ins alled cowl flaps should be in the Open position 2 Position propeller c...

Page 25: ...r normal climb is 75 with a FULL RICH mixture setting If power settings ofgreater than 75 are required particular attention should be given to cylinder head EGT and oil temperatures and mixture must be FULL RICH WARNING At power settings above 75 do not use tbe E G T gauge as an aid to adjust mixture Mixture FULL RICH only If you attempt to determine the peak E G T while the engine is operating ab...

Page 26: ...ss a specified setting is required for your particular model engine DESCENT Descent from high altitude should be accomplished at cruise power settings with the mixture control positioned accordingly CAUTION Rapid descents al high RPM and idle man fold pressure are to be avoided During descent monitor cylinder head and oil temperatures main taining above the minimum specified limits NOTE Avoid long...

Page 27: ...s instructed by aircraft manufacturer ENGINE SHUTDOWN I If auxiliary fuel pump has been ON for landing turn to OFF 2 Place mixture control in IDLE CUT OFF 3 Turn magnetos OFF WARNING Do not turn the propeller while ignition switch is in the BOTH LEFT or RIGHT position since this could start the engine and cause injury Do not turn the propeller of a hot engine even though the ignition switch is in ...

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Page 29: ...nduction or exhaust system during engine starting follow the aircraft manufacturer s instructions in their Pilot s Operating Handbook ENGINE ROUGHNESS Observe engine for visible damage or evidence of smoke or flame Extreme roughness may be indicative of propeller blade failure If any of these characteristics are noted follow aircraft manufac turer s instructions I Engine Instruments Check If abnor...

Page 30: ...le to idle and move the mixture to idle cutolT before turning the magnetos on This may prevent a severe backfirefrom occurring Once magnetos are turned back on advance mixture and throttle to previous settings WARNING If roughness is severe or ifthe cause cannot be determined engine failure may be imminent In this case it is recommended that the aircraft manufacturer s emer gency procedure be empl...

Page 31: ...ature to normal an enginefai ure or severe damage can result In this case it is recommended that the aircrafi manufacturer s instructions he oll ed LOW OIL PRESSURE CA lITION f the oil pressure drops lInexplainahfl from the I ormal indication monitor temperature and pressure closefl and have rhe engine inspected at termination f the light WARNING If oil pressure drops below 30 p s i at cruise powe...

Page 32: ...peller is lII leathered AI ow the enf ine to lI a lll Up minimum f o erninf RPM llld 15 inches Hf m n lo d pressure The following procedure is recommended for in flight restarting I Mixture IDLE CUT OFF 2 Fuel Selector Valve ON 3 Fuel Boost Pump ON 4 Alternator Switch OFF 5 Throttle NORMAL COLD START POSITION 1 2 open 6 Propeller Control MOV E FORWA R OF TH E FEATHERING DETENT TO MID RANGE 7 Magne...

Page 33: ... determine actual horsepower employ the following procedure a Locate RPM and manifold pressure on altitude curve point A b Locate RPM and manifold pressure on sea level curve point B c Transfer B to sea level on altitude curve point C d Draw line from c through A e Locate point liD at pressure altitude and read horsepower f Correct horsepower for inlet air temperature as follows I Add 1 for each J...

Page 34: ...cruise setting 2 Slowly move mixture control toward lean while observing E G T gauge Note position on the instrument where the needle peaks or starts to drop as mixture is leaned further 3 At cruise settings between 65 and 75 advance mixture control toward rich until E G T is 25 F colder than peak At cruise setting below 65 engine may be operated at peak EGT CA UTION Do not attempt to a just mixtu...

Page 35: ...ING FUEL GRAOE INLET AIR 1 470 A 1 0 1 CA B MA 4 5 8081 OCTANE STD AIMOSPHERE WITHOUT RAM FULL THROTTLE I PROP LOAD V V J V V V 1 FULL THROTTLV j V PROP LOAD 1 V FULL THROTTLE OPLOAD 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 ENGINE RPM 240 230 220 210 200 a t 190 0 180 en 170 160 150 140 130 Figure 1 SEA LEVEL PERFORMANCE FOR 0 470 A 5 3 ...

Page 36: ...C1 1 lAC f A aVI Is Lq I I 210 210 l 26 I s I1A110 UIO anlTUI TIM I A V 200 V 200 200 2 r 100 q 190 190 l 24 00 V i 2J I 180 DO 1 160 180 I 23 2 V I K 170 q 170 170 I I i 21 1 q V r A T I 160 I r 0 16 160 D I 0 i 20 1 11 9 __ Z __ c l J I 19 1 S0 VI R S V 1 150 150 r l f ANIFOLO PRESSURE IN Hg I 140 V 140 140 1 d 8 I I I I i i I I I I I T11 A 0 V v K o I I 7 I III 130 Vi 1 q 130 130 I r 120 I7f7 f...

Page 37: ... INLET AIR FULL THROTTLE V t V FULL THROTTLE V o 470B 801 CARB PSD 5C 91 96 OCTANE STD ATMOSPHERE WITHOUT RAM 7 V V PROP LOAD I V V J r I I PROP LOAD V V P i LOAD FULL THROTTLE 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 ENGINE RPM I 240 Q 2200 l V 200 1 180 160 140 120 100 80 Q Xl Figure 3 SEA LEVEL PERFORMANCE FOR 0 470 8 5 5 ...

Page 38: ...w TMOUTRAMIJI feW tl7 VI 1 0 I 111 111 UDI LTIt_1I TIIII t V D 9 1 200 200 r t I A l 200 Wf7 C _ f 190 V B iB 1 190 190 I I O i Ii teo V 1 I f 1BO 17 O 3 IW 7 1BO 1BO 5eo vj o q il t r L 1 7 teo 170 170 9i I I I I t7 q yl v t t 50 7IOYf 80 160 t N VJ I rf o F k 1 s0 50 l V v 4N 40 17 IX K II V 40 40 6 1 1 i 1J I t 30 XI Y JiP 1 30 30 t V 1 K V L i t t t 20 Q C5 rt r r f t 110 jANlrOLC PtE S RE N r...

Page 39: ...ADE INLET AIR FULL THROTTLE 0 470 7 0 1 CARB PSD 5C 80 87 OCT ANE STD ATMOSPHERE W1THOUT RAM I I I i r I r PROP LOAD V 1 V VI V v II FULL THROTTLV V V PROP LOAD V I FULL THROTTLE 1 9Rop ho 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 ENGINE RPM 1 i I 230 2200 0 210 t 200 190 180 170 160 150 140 Figure 5 SEA LEVEL PERFORMANCE FOR 0 470 E 5 7 ...

Page 40: ...30 20 f 9 0b j V I V 120 10 OM I l 0 CR V 00 100 0 y 90 90 SO Y y y eo 0 18 9 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 I IS DIn MAI t PRESS IN NrJ C I m AL TITUDE PERFDRMANC_E MAXIMUM POWER E IE MODEL 230 COIII nSlol IlATlO I I I FUll IIIfTtI I 28 fun GRADl 2 20 7 1 IlL All 210 t200 25 0 470 701 CARB So so 81 OC U NE STO ATMOSPHERE WITHOUT RAM 90 I 24 2 SO 1 1 l I I 2 MANIFOLD PRESSURE IN Hg 170 i 1 2 N t...

Page 41: ...ATIO 8 01 FUEl METERING CARB PSH 5BO FUEl GRAOE 91 96 OCTANE INLET AIR STD ATMOSPHERE WITHOUT RAM FJLL JHRJTTL 7 V PROP LOAD V 7 FULL THROTTLE V VPROPLOAD V FULL THROTTLE V V pROP LOAD 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 ENGINE RPM 240 220 o II 200 o t 180 160Ql 140 120 100 Figure 7 SEA LEVEL PERFORMANCE FOR 0 470 G 5 9 ...

Page 42: ...j V V o V q A V V p o p l il V j r i o K V I j V b V 200 18 16 14 2 100 0 y I 18 I 20 2 4 25 26 27 28 29 a 0 AIS DR MAN PRESS IN Hp I C 240 220 200 eo III ai 160 140 120 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 ALTITUDE PERFORMANCE MAXIMUM POWER II I UDEll 0 470 J CO NI IOIIATID _ 0 1 FUEL nEwll CARB H seD fUEL GRADE _ 11 OCT HE rr ILET AIR STD A MO I H A WITHOUT AjIW 26 N 25 24 I r NIFILD PiES SURE IN H t A 2...

Page 43: ...mine Fuel Flow for 100 maximum power by reading directly above aclual r maximum RPM point EXAMPLE Actual Full Throttle RPM 2700 Fuel Flow 143 4 154 6 r Aclual Full Throltle RPM 2600 Fuel Flow 138 04 1049 8 156 156 r 15 4 154 r I C I I r 152 I 152 Ii r i 150 150 0 LL 148 148 LL 1 W r I f W ir l LL I W 146 148 w t f t f I 144 144 1 1 I l f 1 1 142 142 g i ea I LL 140 140 f 138 I 138 r 2600 2700 I Y ...

Page 44: ...ETERING CARB MA 4 5 FUEL GRADE 80 87 OCTANE INLET AIR STD ATMOSPHERE WITHOUT RAM FULL THROTTLE I 7 ROP LOAD L 7 V r V V V V V ROPLOAD V FULL THROTTLE V V V FULL THROTTLE r r t PRPP lOA 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 ENGINE RPM 240 220 It 200 I 180 Q o t 160 q It 140 120 100 80 Figure 10 SEA LEVEL PERFORMANCE FOR 0 470 J 5 12 ...

Page 45: ...V VI j V K VI V 11 F 1 Kr j K XII 2 V g I V 5 1 o V 1 0 KfX I I K IY I I 18 20 22 24 26 28 230 I I I I i 27 MANIFOLO PRESSURE IN HG 220 N j6 t l II 11 PRESSURE ALTITUDE IN THOUSANDS Ff T 210 80 100 90 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I t I I I H r i 2200 III t Ilillllll I PH_11U111I11 I to 11 12 13 M 16 17 1 1 10 7 2 2J 2 r l6 1 fI 1t lO 31 31 ll W A 8S DRV MANifOLD PRESSURE IN HC 200 170 iI c 50 40 30 2...

Page 46: ...ssure 5 8 in H20 Dry Barometer Pressure 29 300 in Hg 128 128 Rich Limit 126 126 i i 124 12 3 Normal 3 0 0 it 122 122 it I 120 120 Lean Limit 118 I 118 I I 2550 250 2590 2810 2630 2650 2560 2580 2600 2620 2640 ENGINE RPM 0 Figure 12 FUEL FLOW LIMITS FOR 0 470 J 5 14 ...

Page 47: ...ATIO 7 0 1 FUEL METERING CARB MA 4 5 FUEL GRADE 80 87 OCTANE INLET AIR STD ATMOSPHERE WITHOUT RAM FULL THROTTLE I _ PROP LOA t V VV V V O f 0 V VPROP LOAD V V CIro FULL THROTTLE I I J PROP LOAD 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 ENGINE RPM 230 21011 190 II 170 150 130 110 90 70 Figure 13 SEA LEVEL PERFORMANCE FOR 0 470 K L 5 15 ...

Page 48: ...RMANCE CURVES ENGINE MOOEL 0 470 5 a f 7110 74 MIN FUEL GRADE 80187 COIAP RATIO 7 1 STD ATMOSPHERE WITHOUT RAM 1800 r l JTTlf V 0 q 0 V f qq Ql V fULL THROTTLE O O 2000 2200 ENGINE RPM 2400 J V VI V 2600 230 210 190 0 0 170 0 0 l 150 0 III 130 110 90 70 Figure 14 SEA LEVEL PERFORMANCE FOR 0 470 R S 5 16 ...

Page 49: ...0 Ir I 9 0 9 0 I 1 1 80 V V sJ so i i 22 _Ull hsP t r I MANIFOLD PRESSURE IN Hg A B 1 V eo C D il o I I I I I I I I I I I I I I IJlJJj V r r N II 1 III V i 150 150 i 1 VfI i7 i f t L 40 V IH 1 f Y q rffl I 40 40 P f LJI V 1 J j o f I 1 1 fe 15 30V l lI V V 30 30 _ n r I f Y 1 f t It 20 Effg u i ir I r 20 20 io I 110 i rsA V 110 110 II 1 1 I 00 r 1 00 00 II t I N lJJ1I N V 90 b 90 4 40 2 20 0 80 V ...

Page 50: ...ssure above 500 in Hg subtract l I t3 4 Ibs per hour LIMITS 5 5 Ibs per hour 4 140 _ j I I _ l _ 138 tfancS Pf ssure 31 0 in H9_ G bure f I _ 136 _ _ P 50 I 8 __ r 30 0 in HQ_ f 134 ___ _ 1 1 2 OJ9 f i 132 c b I OP j j _ l fj Ii ___ 280in Hg 13 _ _ F _ I __ 2 O in Lg b 128 _ _ d _ F r 126 r I I 124 122 r r r r 1 Figure 16 FUEL FLOW LIMITS FOR 0 470 K L R S 5 18 ...

Page 51: ...ING CARB PSD 5C FUEL GRADE 91 96 OCTANE INLET AIR STD ATMOSPHERE WITHOUT RAM FULL THROTTLE 7 V V PROP LOAD V F1 V V FULL THROTTLE V V V VPROP LOAD V V I PRF JOAD FULL THI OTlLE 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 ENGINE RPM 2 I 2 1 1 1 1 1 40 20 0 OO t 80ll Ql 60 40 20 00 80 Figure 17 SEA LEVEL PERFORMANCE FOR 0 470 M 5 19 ...

Page 52: ... 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 I I I Ulole r c nr vnmAr 1I 240 MAXIMUM POWER 230 E lflE MODEl 0 0470M r 1 COMPRESSION RATIO 8 a 1 fUn IIETUUIG CAR8 PSO SC 220 FUEl CiRADE 91196OCTANE I 1 IJUET AIR STDw g 210 t 200 l A C r 1 1 190 i H 180 t o S i N 170 v O 160 150 _ 28 I t 27 i o J t NI 2 i 130 2j 23 eO t I t 120 i Ii MANIFOLD PReSSU E I t 110 1 I I 201 t 1 100 __ __ 240 230 220 210 200 19 0 180...

Page 53: ... by rrding EXAMPLE Actual full Throllis RPM 2700 fuel Flow 128 0 138 8 AClual Full Throttle RPM 2600 Fuel Flow 123 0 132 6 140 140 138 138 tt V I r f 136 136 J i 1i I r 134 134 L s V s g g I r 132 132 w W J ir I r 130 130 OJ OJ r l I 128 128 I 0 II a t t I 1 l I r j 126 126 j J 124 124 I I 122 122 I 2600 2700 t Y 30 40 50 60 70 Y 9t I I I I I ENGINE RPM FOR 100 POWER FiLL TH1AOTTiEI Figure 19 FUEL...

Page 54: ... MIN FUEL GRADE 100 130 COMPo RATIO 8 6 1 INLET AIR STD ATMOSPHERE WITHOUT RAM FULL THROTTLE A01MP V V 0 0 V I _ t9 _ 7 I 1 1 1 0 1 7f vvv V Q i 1 1 vo _ _ _ v 0 Q v _ r lTHROTTlf BSFC OAO BSFC 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 ENGINE RPM Figure 20 SEALEVEL PERFORMANCE FOR 0 470 U 5 22 240 220 a 200 w t 0 w 180 I a 0 I 160 w l a III 140 120 100 80 ...

Page 55: ...II iii ii ii i i Iii i i II ii II R u n BRAKEI HORSEPOWER ii ii i fi i i i II I II II H iii i 0 0 I f7 J II 7 J f i I t I 7 I 17 1 V i II 7 7 I 71Z f7 II I 1 I a IZ I 17 lU iii z z I IY II I LLk L RV IL 1 7 po 7 _IF r7 17 1 v L L 1 1 r e v 1 7 f7 l 7J7c I V 7 I V 1 II en m r m r 0 m u 11 o u z n m Figure 21 ALTITUDE PERFORMANCE FOR 0 470 U 5 23 ...

Page 56: ...0 1 In Hg Vapor Pressure above 5 in Hg subtract 0 4 lbs IHr I I 1 LIMITS t 2 5 Lb lHr 132 e 130 SURE 31 0in 128 ABSOLUTE CARBURETOR ENTR NCE PR 3rOin 126 I 29 0 in H 124 rt daoin 122 J700n g 120 I 118 I 116 2400 2500 T i 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Y i d I I I I I r EN INE SPEED RPM FULL THROTTLE Figure 22 FUEL FLOW LIMITS FOR 0 470 U 5 24 ...

Page 57: ...s the oil to become heavier more viscous making it more difficult for the battery to turn the engine over This resu lts in a slow cranking speed and an abnormal drain on the battery capacity At low tem peratures gasoline does not vaporize readily further complicating the starting problem False starting failure to continue running after starting often results in the formation of moisture on the spa...

Page 58: ... warm as rapidly as a cylinder for example even when heat is applied directly Oil lines are usually lagged with material which does an excellent job of insulating Congealed oil in such lines may require con siderable preheat The engine may start and apparently run satis factorily but can be damaged from lack of lubrication due to congealed oil in various parts of the system The amount ofdamage wil...

Page 59: ...ines to promote better vaporization for starting If enough heater hoses are available continue heating the sump area Otherwise it will suffice to transfer the source of heat from the sump to the upper part of the engine 4 Start the engine immediately after completion of the preheating process Since the engine temperature will be above 32 F use the normal starting procedure NOTE Since the oil in th...

Page 60: ...ing speed NOTE Continually monitor oil pressure during run up 7 Check magnetos in the normal manner 8 When the oil temperature has reached 100 F and oil pressure does not exceed 80 p s i at 1700 RPM the engine has been warmed sufficiently to accept full rated power CAUTION Do not close cowl laps in an allempt to hasten engine warm lip NOTE Fuel flow will likely be on the high limit however this is...

Page 61: ... temperature and cylinder temperature are well within the normal operating range When full power is applied for takeoff insure that oil pressure is within limits and steady CAUTION Any of the following engine reactions should be calise for concern and are just ication for aborting the takeoff a Low high or surging RPM b Any oil pressure indication other than steady and within limits c Engine rough...

Page 62: ...rt of the operator These are Starting a hot engine Ground operation under high ambient temperature conditions and Takeoff and initial c1imbout Engine Heat Soaking After an engine is shutdown the temperature of its various com ponents will begin to stabilize that is the hotter parts such as cylinders and oil will cool while other parts will begin to heat up due to lack of air flow heat conduction a...

Page 63: ...ring the landing approach will allow some cooling prior to the next start attempt Ground operation tends to heat up the engine therefore minimizing this will be beneficial Cowl flaps should be opened fully while taxiing The aircraft should be parked so as to face into the wind to take advantage of the cooling effect Ifrestarting is attempted in less than an hour following shutdown vapor lock may b...

Page 64: ...ed to provide adequate cooling of the engine GROUND OPERATION AT HIGH AtTITUDE AIRPORTS Idle fuel mixture will be rich at high density altitudes Under extreme conditions it may be necessary to manually lean the mixture to sustain engine performance Refer to appropriate Pilot s Operating Handbook for proper procedures CAUTION Mixture Full Rich for takeoff am lor in accordance with aircraft manufact...

Page 65: ...atically controlled oil cooler maintains oil temperatures normally at 170 1800 F Warm oil circulates continuously through warm up pas sages in the coolers to prevent oil congealing when operating in low temperatures The capacity of the oil sump is designed so the quantity of oil is sufficient to lubricate the engine at any nose up or nose down attitude It is impossible to uncover the pick up line ...

Page 66: ...ressure relief valve which regulates the pressure in the engine main galleries Engine oil is introduced to the propeller governor through a passage in the engine crankshaft and is returned to the sump through passages in the crankcase a i 0 o z ffi g Figure 23 LUBRICATION DIAGRAM 7 2 W 0 WI 0 a IE WW zLrl a oa o ffi B 0 Z 000 5 I I I i I i I i ...

Page 67: ...gs Torque from the engine crankshaft is transmitted through the camshaft gear to the magneto drive coupling Impulse couplings or shower of sparks magnetos are utilized to aid in starting 6 40 20 2 40 60 UPPER SPARK PLUGS RIGHT LEFT MAG MAG SWITCH SWITCH I I l y G i D I iDJ l I I LEFT MAG RIGHT MAG LOWER SPARK PLUGS ENGINE filiNG OIDEI MAGNETO filiNG OIDEI Figure 24 WIRING DIAGRAM 7 3 5 r O3 r O1 D...

Page 68: ...ixed with fuel sprayed into the stream from the main discharge nozzle and the discharge nozzle and the mixture is drawn into the manifold air chamber by the partial vacuum produced by piston intake stroke From the manifold the fuel air mixture is drawn into the cylinder intake ports through the curved intake tubes and hose connectors 0 470 G Spec 7 is a TCM fuel injection equipped engine which has...

Page 69: ...degree the service life of the modern aircraft engine Fuel See Page 2 4 WARNING The use of a lower octane rated fuel can result in destruction of an engine the first time high power is applied This would most likely occur on takeoff If the air craft is inadvertently serviced with the wrong grade offuel then the fuel must be completely drained and the tank properly serviced Oil First 25 hours opera...

Page 70: ...rification of marketer s statements or claims Listing is made in alphabetical order and is provided only for the convenience of the users Supplier BP Oil Corporation Castrol Limited Australia Chevron U S A Inc Continental Oil Delta Petroleum Company Exxon Company U S A Gulf Oil Company Mobil Oil Company Mobil Oil Company Pennzoil Company Phillips Petroleum Company Phillips Petroleum Company Brand ...

Page 71: ...d the hourly intervals decreased DAILY INSPECTION PREFLIGHT Before each flight the engine and propeller should be examined for damage oil leaks proper servicing and security Ordinarily the cowling need not be opened for a daily inspection SO HOUR INSPECTION Detailed information regarding adjustments repair and replace ment of components may be found in the appropriate Overhaul Manual The following...

Page 72: ...s etc for general condition Inspect for condition and leaks Perform service as required on any items Perform service as required on any items that are not within specifications 10 Engine Conditions Run up and check as necessary for any items serviced in Step 9 Check engine for oil and fuel leaks before returning to service 100 HOUR INSPECTION Perform all items listed under 50 Hour Inspection and a...

Page 73: ...ary NOTE Minor changes in magneto timing can be expected during normal engine service The time and effort required to check and adjust the magnetos to specifications is slight and the operator will be rewarded with longer contact point and spark plug life smoother engine operation and less corrective maintenance between routine inspections 10 Oil Pressure Relief Valve II Oil Temperature Control Un...

Page 74: ...s before returning to service NOTE Refer to the Overhaul Manual for proper procedures and limits WARNING Do not attempt to use this manual as a guide for performing repair or overhaul of the engine The Engine Overhaul Manual must e consulted for such operations 8 6 ...

Page 75: ...repair or replace any parts may result in damage to the engine WARNING Operation of a defective engine without a preliminary examination can cause further damage to a dis abled component and possible injury to personnel By careful inspection and troubleshooing such damage and injury can be avoided and in addition the causes offaulty operation can be determined without excessive disassembly This tr...

Page 76: ...suing from the exhaust pipe would indicate overpriming or flooding This is remedied by turning ignition switch Off setting throttle full open and pulling the propeller through three or four revolutions If engine is underprimed repeat instructions given for starting engine c Check ignition wiring for proper connections breaks in insulation and possible short at terminals Check all spark plugs for i...

Page 77: ... cooler CORRECTIVE ACTION a Check the quantity of oil in sump ACld oil or change oil to proper viscosity b Check for restricted lines and loose connections partially plugged oil filter and screens Clean parts tighten connections and replace defective parts Check for dirt in the oil screen and clean thoroughly Check oil pressure relief valve for having dirt at seat and for plunger sticking in its g...

Page 78: ...er shutters if any for not being open Reduce power or shut down engine if ground time is to be prolonged e Remove barnes repair replace broken barnes or cylinder fins f Enrichen mixture a Check propeller for track and balance If propeller has been exposed to damp weather for any length of time the blades may have warped increasing pitch or if controllable pitch propeller is used the pitch may be t...

Page 79: ...or misfiring plugs Spark plug gap to be 018 to 022 inch d Check intake system in general for air leaks Inspect entire manifold system for possible leakage at connections Replace damaged components and tighten all connections and clamps e Check for icing conditions f Check tachometer for registering accurately a Check propeller for balance track and tightness of hub and or attaching bolts b Check i...

Page 80: ...tness of mounting bolts a Check for engine not being sufficiently warm b Check mixture control for being too lean Readjust idle setting clockwise to lean mixture and counter clockwise to richen mixture c Check carburetor idling jet for not being adjusted properly or plugged Tighten loose connections Service air cleaner d Check carburetor heat control for proper functioning and Off position e Check...

Page 81: ... b Intake system b Check for air leaks in the intake system leaks r I J c Fouled spark c Remove and clean plugs Adjust gaps Replace m l Ifunctioning plugs plugs or improper gap d Ignition system d Check ignition system in general e Idling jet clogged e Check for dirt in carburetor idling jet f Improper f Check for proper compression caused oy leaking valves stuck or worn compression piston rings 9...

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Page 83: ...ear the sea coast where instances of corrosion in cylinders has been found after an inactive period of only a few days Engines with less than 50 hours total time in service and engines in aircraft that are flown only occasionally compared to frequent flying when exposed to normal atmospheric conditions will tend to exhihit cylinder wall corrosion in a relatively short period of time if they are no...

Page 84: ... 5 days as per para graph 2 and b Fly every 15 days as per paragraph 3 Program II Engines or cylinders with more than 50 operating hours to TBO if not fiown weekly a Propeller pull thru every 7 days as per para graph 2 and b Fly every 30 days as per paragraph 3 I Service aircraft per normal airframe manufacturer s instruc tions 2 The propeller should be rotated by hand without running the engine F...

Page 85: ...etc pull the propeller thru daily and accomplish as soon as possible It is necess lry that for future reference if required the propeller pull thru and flight time be recorded and verified in the engine maintenance recordi log with the date time and signature TEMPORARY STORAGE up to 90 days Preparation for Storage I Remove the top spark plug and spray preservative oil Lubri cation Oil Contact and ...

Page 86: ...ing the above specified oil approximately two ounces through tht oil filler tube 5 Seal all engine openings exposed to the atmosphere using sliita ble plugs or moist ure resista nt ta pc a nd attach red st rea mers at each point 6 Engines with propellers installed that are preser cd for storagc in accordance with this scction should havc a tag affixcd to the propeller in a conspicuous placc with t...

Page 87: ...Cosllloline No 1223 or equivalent with three parts ne lubricating oil of the grade recommended for service all at room temperature Single grade oil is recommended Apply preservative to engine interior by spraying MIL L 46002 Grade I oil approximately two ounces through the oil filler tube 3 Install dehydrator plugs MS27215 1 or 2 in each of the top spark plug holes making sure that each plug is bl...

Page 88: ...esistant tape to exclude moisture and foreign objects 9 Seal the engine breather by inserting a dehydrator MS27215 2 plug in the breather hose and clamping in place 10 Attach a red streamer to each place on the engine where bags of desiccant are placed Either attach red streamers outside of the se lled area with tape or to the inside of the sealed area with safety wire to prevent wicking of moistu...

Page 89: ...ame manufacturer s instructions INSPECTION OF AIRCRAFT STORED PER INDEFINITE STORAGE PROCEDURES I Aircraft prepared for indefinite storage should have the cylinder dehydrator plugs visually inspected every 15 days The plugs should be changed as soon as their color indicates unsafe conditions of storage If the dehydrator plugs have changed color in one half or more of the cylinders all desiccant ma...

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Page 91: ...er hence Brake horsepower BSFC Brake Specific Fuel Consumption Fuel consumption stated in pounds per hour per brake horsepower For example an engine developing 200 horsepower while burning 100 pounds offuel per hour has a BSFC of 5 Fuel consumption in PPH Brake horsepower 100 200 5 COLD SOAKING Prolonged exposure of an object to cold tem peratures so that its temperature throughout approaches that...

Page 92: ...ospheric pressure or manifold pressure HEAT SOAKED Prolonged exposure of an object to hot tempera ture so that its temperature throughout approaches that of ambient HllMIDITY Moisture in the atmosphere Relative humidity expressed in percent is the amount of moisture water vapor in the air compared with the maximum amount of moisture the air could contain at a given temperature LEAN LIMIT MIXTURE T...

Page 93: ...ions per minute PERFOI MANCE RATING A rating system used to describe the ability of fuel to withstand heat and pressure of combustion as compared with 100 octane fuel For example an engine with high compression and high temperature necds a higher Performance Rated fuel than a low compression engine A rating of 100 130 denotes performancc characteristics of lean 100 and rich 130 mixtures respective...

Page 94: ...ssarily the richest condition at which the engine will run ROCKER ARM A mechanical de ice used to transfer motion from the pushrod to the al e SCAVENGE PllMP A pump especially an oil pump to pre ent accumulation of liquid in some particular area SONIC VENTURI A restriction especially in cabin pressuri a tion systems to limit the flow of air through a duct STANDARD DAY By general acceptance tempera...

Page 95: ...ot or pounds inch VAPOR LOCK A condition in which the proper flow of a liquid through a system is disturbed by the formation of vapor Any liquid will turn to vapor if heated sufficient Iy The amount of heat required for vapori ation will depend on the pressure exerted on the liquid VISCOSITY The characteristic of a liquid to resist flowing Regarding oil high viscosity refers to thicker or heavier ...

Page 96: ...ll its cylinders with air compared to their capacity for air under static conditions A normally aspirated engine will always han a yolumetric efficiency of slightly less than 100 whereas super chargers permit volumetric efficiencies in excess of 100 11 6 ...

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Continental Motors O-470-A, Operator'S Manual

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