Conexant AccessRunner CX82310 User Manual Download Page 39

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IGMP relay/proxy specification and environment:

Support IGMP proxy/relay function for ADSL modem, based on the following requirement and case:

On CO side, there must be at least one IGMP querier (router) present. IGMP querier will send IGMP query packet. The

ADSL modem is responsible to relay these IGMP query to Ethernet.

End-user multicast application device send IGMP report while receiving IGMP query or being activated by user, the

ADSL modem should be responsible to proxy (that is, change source IP to ADSL modems WAN IP) the IGMP report to

ADSL WAN side, include all PVCs. The same case is for IGMP leave packet.

Not necessary to relay multicast routing between two ADSL PVCs or two interfaces in LAN side.

Special purpose multicast packet (such as RIP 2 packet) should run without interference.

Rx Entity

Packet Class

TTL

Action

Notes

ADSL

IGMP query

Relay to Ethernet

IGMP report

Ignore

IGMP leave

Ignore

General Multicast IP

Relay to Ethernet

Ethernet

IGMP query

Ignore

IGMP report

Relay to all ADSL PVC

Summary of Contents for AccessRunner CX82310

Page 1: ...r Table of Contents FCC Part 68 FCC Part 15 Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 1 1 Overview Chapter 1 2 Features Chapter 1 3 System Requirements Chapter 2 Installation Chapter 2 1 Checklist Chapter 2 2 The Front LEDs Chapter 2 3 The Rear Ports ...

Page 2: ...apter 3 3 5 Configuration WAN Chapter 3 3 6 Configuration LAN Chapter 3 3 7 Configuration PPP Chapter 3 3 8 Configuration NAT Chapter 3 3 9 Configuration Virtual Server Chapter 3 3 10 Configuration DNS Chapter 3 3 11 Configuration Bridge Filtering Chapter 3 3 12 Configuration Save Settings Chapter 3 3 13 Configuration Reboot Without Saving Chapter 3 3 14 Admin Privilege WAN Status Chapter 3 3 15 A...

Page 3: ...Configuration Chapter 3 3 23 Reset to Factory Default Chapter 3 3 24 Diagnostic Test Chapter 3 3 25 Code Image Update Chapter 3 3 26 System Log Chapter 4 Powerline Configuration Chapter 4 1 Introduction Chapter 4 2 Running the utility Chapter 4 3 Device dialog screen Chapter 4 4 Network dialog screen Chapter 4 5 Security dialog screen Chapter 4 6 Advanced dialog screen Appendix A Glossary Appendix...

Page 4: ...o determine the maximum REN for your calling area If the modem causes harm to the telephone network the telephone company may discontinue your service temporarily If possible they will notify you in advance But if advance notice isn t practical you will be notified as soon as possible You will be advised of your right to file a complaint with the FCC The telephone company may make changes in its f...

Page 5: ...Subpart B Part 15 of the FCC regulations These specifications are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation FCC regulations require that shielded interface cables be used with your modem If interference does occur we suggest the following measures be t...

Page 6: ...ur wired wireless powerline network Powerline and wireless no need to spend time and money professionally installing expensive Ethernet cabling to share your Ethernet network ADSL The ADSL Router provides home connectivity to an ADSL service provider network over an ADSL Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM physical layer The router can run upstream maximum transmission rates of 1Mbps and downstream max...

Page 7: ... B ADSL over ISDN This broad level of compliance ensures that products based on the AccessRunner can address the existing installed base and continued deployment of ADSL lines Telephone companies for example can deploy full rate splitterless full rate as well as G lite to the consumer A single chip router the CX82310 allows an always on high speed broadband connection to the Internet It uses exist...

Page 8: ...Compliant with ADSL standards Full rate ANSI 413 Issue 2 and ITU G dmt G 992 1 standards Splitter less ITU G lite G 992 2 specification Annex A ADSL over POTS and Annex B ADSL over ISDN DMT modulation and demodulation Full rate adaptive modem Maximum downstream rate of 8 Mbps Maximum upstream rate of 1 Mbps Tone detection for low power mode Supports splitter less ADSL implementation Supports Dying...

Page 9: ...DSL self learning Transparent Bridging IEEE 802 1D Supports up to 128 MAC learning addresses Router Mode IP routing RIPv2 Static routing DNS Proxy Port Forwarding DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol server and client NAT network address translation MAPT network address and port translation ICMP Internet control message protocol Simultaneous USB and Ethernet operation Powerline Features Orthog...

Page 10: ...r PPP PAP password authentication protocol CHAP challenge authentication protocol Password protected system management Ethernet Interface Compliant with IEEE 802 3 and 802 3u 10 100 Mbps HTTP Web Based Management Firmware upgrade via FTP Customizable Web pages WAN and LAN side connection statistics Configuration of static routes and routing table Password protected access Selection of bridge or ro...

Page 11: ...bout installing your router If you are not familiar with the hardware or software parameters presented here please consult your service provider for the values needed 2 1 Checklist Check the shipping box carefully to ensure that the contents include the items you ordered If any of the items are missing or damaged contact your local distributor The contents of your carton may vary depending on your...

Page 12: ...ate Description RDY flashing When the router is working properly ADSL WAN ACT ON Flashing OFF Flashing Showtime successful connection between ADSL modem and telephone company s network Handshaking modem is trying to establish a connection to telco s network Modem is powered OFF ADSL Carrier Detect if LED is flash When data transmit or receive on ADSL TP1 TP3 LAN ON Flashing Ethernet link Tx or Rx ...

Page 13: ...hing Link to powerline network No link When data transmit or receive on powerline 2 3 The Rear Ports Connector Description POWER Power connector Reset Switch The reset button when pressed resets the modem without the need to unplug the power cord ...

Page 14: ...ving data over that port ADSL Connector The RJ 11 connector allows data communication between the modem and the ADSL network through a twisted pair phone wire 2 4 Hardware installation This section describes how to connect and configure the ADSL router Step 1 Connect the ADSL Line Connect the router directly to the wall jack using the included ADSL cable ...

Page 15: ...tween them Step 3 Connect the Power Adapter to the Router Connect the power adapter to the port labeled POWER on the rear panel of router Step 4 Connect All Cables to the Network The procedure for connecting cables differs depending on whether or not your telephone equipment is connected to a POTS splitter POTS Splitter Configuration ADSL over POTS ...

Page 16: ...from the voice line so that the ADSL router has a dedicated cable for data transmission Figure 2 3 1 and 2 3 2 shows how to connect all cables to the Router Figure 2 4 1 Router Connected through a POTS Splitter Note The POTS splitter may also be installed on the outside of the house adjacent to the telephone network interface device NID ...

Page 17: ...ver ISDN A ISDN splitter separates ADSL signals from ISDN signals on your ISDN telephone line The ISDN splitter works by running a separate ADSL line from the ISDN line so that the ADSL router has a dedicated cable for data transmission Figure 2 3 3 shows how to connect all cables to the Router ...

Page 18: ...re 2 4 3 Router Connected through a ISDN Splitter Note The ISDN splitter may also be installed on the outside of the house adjacent to the telephone network interface device NID Powerline network connection ...

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Page 20: ...o know the connection information supplied by your ADSL service provider Protocol Selection 1 PPPoE VC Mux 2 PPPoE LLC 3 PPPoE None 4 PPPoA VC Mux 5 PPPoA LLC 6 1483 Bridged IP VC Mux 7 1483 Bridged IP LLC 8 1483 Routed IP VC Mux 9 1483 Routed IP LLC 10 Classical IP over ATM Gather the information as illustrated in the following table and keep it for reference ...

Page 21: ...rd and Domain Name System DNS IP address it can be automatically assigned from ISP or be set fixed PPPoA LLC VPI VCI Username Password and Domain Name System DNS IP address it can be automatically assigned from ISP or be set fixed 1483 Bridged IP VC Mux VPI VCI 1483 Bridged IP LLC VPI VCI 1483 Routed IP VC Mux VPI VCI IP address Subnet mask Gateway address and Domain Name System DNS IP address it ...

Page 22: ...e plus PPPoE it means the IP address of computer or router will be assigned automatically via PPPoE There are two methods you can use at this mode First you can set the bridge mode give VPI VCI of WAN and install PPPoE driver on your computer Then save and reboot router it will work fine with your whole system You need to use Dial_Up_Network to get the IP address of computer every time Second meth...

Page 23: ...rk fine with your whole system The computers should be set as DHCP client to get IP dynamically 3 3 Configuring with Web Browser Open the web browser enter the local port IP address of the ADSL Modem Router which default at http 10 0 0 2 and click Go to get the login page If you want to configure the device with administrator level type admin in the username field and epicrouter in the password fi...

Page 24: ...If you want to configure the device with the user level type user in the username field and password in the password field ...

Page 25: ...t the configuration homepage the left navigation pane where bookmarks are provided links you directly to the desired setup page Click on the desired item to expand the page in the main navigation pane 3 3 1 Status Home The Home page shows the firmware versions and WAN and LAN interface status ...

Page 26: ... Firmware Version This field display the Conexant firm ware vxworks z version number ...

Page 27: ...ace LAN These fields display the IP address Subnet Mask and MAC address for the LAN interface Total Number of LAN Interfaces This field displays the total number of available interfaces for the LAN interface Number of Ethernet Devices Connected to the DHCP Server These fields display the DHCP client table with the assigned IP addresses 3 3 2 Status ADSL The ADSL Status page shows the ADSL physical...

Page 28: ... Showtime Firmware Version This field displays the Conexant ADSL data pump firmware version number ...

Page 29: ...rove but the data rate will decrease Conversely if the SNR Margin is decreased bit error rate performance will decrease but the data rate will increase Line Attenuation Attenuation is the decrease in magnitude of the ADSL line signal between the transmitter Central Office DSLAM and the receiver Client ADSL Modem measured in dB It is measured by calculating the difference in dB between the signal p...

Page 30: ...3 3 3 Status LAN The LAN page shows the information and status of LAN port DHCP client table Ethernet link ...

Page 31: ... LAN These fields display the IP address Subnet Mask and MAC address for the LAN interface ...

Page 32: ...ace Number of Ethernet Devices Connected to the DHCP Server These fields display the DHCP client table with the assigned IP addresses and MAC addresses Ethernet Link Status This field displays the link up or down for the Ethernet 3 3 4 Status PPP The PPP Status page shows the status of PPP for each PPP interface ...

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Page 34: ...eived Bytes Sent and Byte Received Connect and Disconnect This field allows the user to manually connect disconnect the PPP connection for each PPP interface In another word each PPP session can be connected and disconnected individually 3 3 5 Configuration WAN The WAN configuration page allows the user to set the configuration for the WAN ADSL ports ...

Page 35: ...Per VC Settings ...

Page 36: ...P only recognizes one MAC address Copy the ISP recognized MAC address here ATM Service Category UBR and CBR are supported from the ATM Bandwidth Bandwidth setting takes effect only when the CBR is selected The maximum available bandwidth is from the upstream data rate of ADSL status page see Section 3 2 ADSL Encapsulation Bridge PPP and DHCP Client WAN Configuration Bridge Mode Router Mode PPPoA P...

Page 37: ...cked Unchecked PPP Configuration The current release supports multiple PPP sessions per PVC The PPP configuration in the WAN configuration page is for the first PPP session for each PVC The predefined PPP Account Name Account ID is Simple PPP Account 0 for PVC0 and predefined PPP Connection Name is Simple PPP Session 0 for PVC0 For the other PVC X the predefined account name and connection name wi...

Page 38: ... the network stack of any packet is larger than this value will be fragmented before the transmission During the PPP negotiation the peer of the PPP connection will indicates its MRU and will be accepted The actual MTU of the PPP connection will be set to the smaller one of MTU and the peers MRU The default is value 1492 MSS Maximum Segment Size is the largest size of data that TCP will send in a ...

Page 39: ...ing activated by user the ADSL modem should be responsible to proxy that is change source IP to ADSL modems WAN IP the IGMP report to ADSL WAN side include all PVCs The same case is for IGMP leave packet Not necessary to relay multicast routing between two ADSL PVCs or two interfaces in LAN side Special purpose multicast packet such as RIP 2 packet should run without interference Rx Entity Packet ...

Page 40: ...IGMP leave 1 Relay to all ADSL PVC General Multicast IP Ignore 3 3 6 Configuration LAN The LAN configuration page allows the user to set the configuration for the LAN port ...

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Page 42: ...n The default setting for the DHCP Gateway Selection is Automatic The user can select the User Defined to specify User Defined Gateway Address The DHCP server will issue the User Defined Gateway Address to the LAN DHCP clients Lease time The Lease time is the amount of time of a network user will be allowed to connect with DHCP server If all fields are 0 the allocated IP addresses will be effectiv...

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Page 44: ...tion page allows the user to configure multiple PPP sessions for each PVC It can support up to total of 16 PPP sessions and each PVC can support up to 8 PPP sessions The multiple PPP sessions may be configured with any combination over 8 PVCs ...

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Page 46: ...cket is larger than this value will be fragmented before the transmission During the PPP negotiation the peer of the PPP connection will indicates its MRU and will be accepted The actual MTU of the PPP connection will be set to the smaller one of MTU and the peers MRU The default is value 1492 MSS Maximum Segment Size is the largest size of data that TCP will send in a single IP packet When a conn...

Page 47: ...To configure the PPP must go to the PPP Account Configuration page first to configure Account ID Users Name and Password ...

Page 48: ...tal number of PPP Accounts is entered 3 3 8 Configuration NAT The NAT Configuration page allows the user to set the configuration for the Network Address Translation The default setting is Dynamic NAPT It provides dynamic Network Address Translation capability between LAN and multiple WAN connections and the LAN traffic is routed to appropriate WAN connections based on the destination IP addresses...

Page 49: ...NAPT Static ...

Page 50: ...nfigured NAT Session Name Configuration Users IP This filed allows the user to assign the IP address to map the corresponding NAT NAPT sessions Session Name Status will be displayed at the middle of this page to show the corresponding Session Name with its IP address Number of NAT Configurations This filed displays the total number of NAT Sessions is entered Available Sessions Status will be displ...

Page 51: ...NAT Static ...

Page 52: ...o show all the NAT Session Names with its WAN Interface Number of NAT Configurations This filed displays the total number of NAT Sessions Name is entered Click the link Go back to NAT Configuration to the NAT configuration page Select the NAT option Select the Session Name and assign the PC IP address and choose the Add action Click the Submit button and go to the Save Settings to save this config...

Page 53: ... Public Port This field allows the user to enter the port number of the Public Network ...

Page 54: ...icular sever 3 3 10 Configuration DNS The DNS Configuration page allows the user to set the configuration of DNS proxy The Conexant firmware supports the DNS proxy function For the DHCP requests from local PCs the DHCP server will set the LAN port IP as the default DNS server Thus all DNS query messages will come into LAN port first The DNS proxy on the ADSL modem recorded the available DNS server...

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Page 56: ...nto the table And all DNS query messages will be sent to one of the dynamically obtained DNS servers Use User Configured DNS Servers Only The DNS proxy will use the user configured preferred DNS server and alternate DNS server And all DNS query message will be sent to one of DNS servers Enter the DNS IP in the Preferred DNS Server and Alternate DNS Server fields Auto Discovery User Configured The ...

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Page 58: ...ering is enabled enter the Destination MAC address select Block and click Add Then all incoming WAN and LAN Ethernet packets matched with this destination MAC address will be filtered out If the Forward is selected then the packets will be forwarded to the destination PC Type Enter the hexadecimal number for the Ethernet type field in Ethernet_II packets For example 0800 is for IP protocol 3 3 12 ...

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Page 60: ...ing the Save and Reboot the following Web page will be displayed is Your setting are being saved and the modem is being rebooted Please wait After the Save and Reboot the following Web page will be displayed is Your setting have been saved and the modem has rebooted 3 3 13 Configuration Reboot Without Saving The Reboot Without Saving page allows the user to reboot the system without save the new c...

Page 61: ...During the Reboot the following Web page will be displayed The modem is being rebooted Please waiting After the ...

Page 62: ...Reboot the following Web page will be displayed The modem has rebooted 3 3 14 Admin Privilege WAN Status The WAN Status page shows the information and status of WAN PVCs ...

Page 63: ... WAN These fields display the IP address Subnet Mask and MAC address for the WAN ADSL interface ...

Page 64: ...Renew This field allows the user to release and renew the WAN IP address in the WAN DHCP Client Enabled dynamic mode 3 3 15 Admin Privilege ATM Status The ATM Status page shows all the statistics information of ATM cells ...

Page 65: ... Reset Counters This button allows user to reset the ATM Status counter ...

Page 66: ...3 3 16 Admin Privilege TCP Status The TCP Status page shows the statistics for all TCP connections ...

Page 67: ... Reset Counters This button allows user to reset the TCP Status counter ...

Page 68: ...lows the user to manually enter the routing entry The routing table will display the routing status of Destination Netmask Gateway and Interface The interface br0 means the USB interface lo0 means the loopback interface and ppp1 means the PPP interface The Gateway is the learned Gateway ...

Page 69: ...Routing Table ...

Page 70: ... route entry does not appear in the Routing Table When that interface comes up later the route entry is then added If the selected Network Interface is static or is dynamic and the connection is already up then the route entry appears in the Routing Table immediately If there is a Gateway associated with the selected Network Interface then that Gateway IP address appears in the Gateway field of th...

Page 71: ... IP address for the static routing Netmask This field allows the user to enter the Subnet Mask for the static routing Gateway This field allows the user to enter the IP address of the gateway device that allows the router to contact the remote network or the host for Specified IP or select an Interface for the Gateway Manually Configured Routes This field displays the static route entries entered ...

Page 72: ... Aging Timeout This field allows the user to enter the update period for the MAC table ...

Page 73: ...3 3 19 Admin Privilege ADSL Configuration The ADSL Configuration page allows the user to set the configuration for ADSL protocols ...

Page 74: ... Trellis This field allows the user to enable or disable the Trellis Code By default it is always enabled ...

Page 75: ...p Rip is the default for the board without the inner outer pair relay Bit Swapping This field allows the user to enable or disable the upstream bit swapping 3 3 20 Admin Privilege RIP Configuration The RIP Configuration page allows the user to set the configuration for the system wide configuration of RIP The actual RIP configuration is in the RIP Per Interface Configuration ...

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Page 77: ...n time of a route When a route has not been updated for more than expire period of time it is removed from the Route Table This route is invalidated and remains in the internal RIP Route Table It will be included in the RIP announcements to let other routers know the changes Default 180 seconds Garbage Timeout This field allows the user to enter the Garbage timer in second This timer specifies how...

Page 78: ... Interface This field allows the user to choose the Interface PVCs PPP Sessions USB and LAN for the RIP to be ...

Page 79: ...er transmits in RIPv2 Multicast Listener This field allows the user to select the Listener Mode RIP Receive V1 The listener receives the RIPv1 only V2 The listener receives the RIPv2 only V1 V2 This listener receives the both RIPv1 and RIPv2 Supplier and Listener are based on section 4 1 Compatibility Switch in RFC 1723 Current RIP Settings This field displays the each interfaces RIP status 3 3 21...

Page 80: ...The Admin password is same pas the FTP password so it must has at least 8 characters for the FTP to work ...

Page 81: ...2 User The User Password Configuration page allows the user to set the password for the user ...

Page 82: ......

Page 83: ...3 3 22 Miscellaneous Configuration The Miscellaneous Configuration allows the user to set all the miscellaneous configurations ...

Page 84: ... HTTP Server Access This field allows the user to configure the Web pages can be accessed from ...

Page 85: ...wall will forward this packet to the DMZ host DMZ Host IP The IP address of the DMZ host at LAN side DHCP Relay If it is enabled the DHCP requests from local PCs will forward to the DHCP server runs on WAN side To have this function working properly please disable the NAT to run on router mode only disable the DHCP server on the LAN port and make sure the routing table has the correct routing entr...

Page 86: ...3 3 23 Reset to Factory Default The Reset to Factory Default page allows the user the reset the modem to original factory default configuration factory reg ...

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Page 88: ...3 3 24 Diagnostic Test The Diagnostic Test page shows the test results for the connectivity of the physical layer and protocol layer for both LAN and WAN sides ...

Page 89: ... Testing Ethernet LAN Connection This test checks the Ethernet LAN interface connection ...

Page 90: ...e some r service providers might not support this test it could still work even if this test fails If this test return FAIL consistently and the ADSL modem seems not working make sure the VPI and VCI are configured correctly Test Ethernet Connect to ATM This test checks the ATM AAL5 module is loaded correctly Test PPPoE Connection This test checks the PPPOE connection Test PPP Layer Connection Thi...

Page 91: ...The Code Image Update page allows the user to upgrade the image code locally ...

Page 92: ...Browse the location of file firmware dlf or boorom dlf file and click the Upload to start the update 3 3 26 System Log The System Log page shows the events triggered by the system ...

Page 93: ... Clear Log This field allows the user to clear the current contents of the System Log ...

Page 94: ...ou as well through the advanced option the capability to set up a network password remotely on other devices through the power line Before running this utility make sure that a powerline device is properly installed and connected to your computer 4 2 Running the utility To run the utility double click the Powerline Network Configuration Utility icon on your desktop The wizard has five different di...

Page 95: ...Initially the wizard starts the Device dialog screen ...

Page 96: ... only is listed In case you have more click on one of them and hit Connect Make sure that the state box indicates that your PC is connected to the same device Now you are ready to manage the powerline network connected to this device ensure its privacy and measure its data rate performance Press Refresh button to refresh the search of the powerline devices connected to your computer The progress b...

Page 97: ...Figure 2 Device dialog screen ...

Page 98: ...ation about your powerline network The test list box shows all powerline devices found on your powerline network identified by their MAC addresss A second column indicates their date rate measurements in Mbps Press Scan Powerline Network button to refresh the listed information ...

Page 99: ...Figure 3 Network dialog screen ...

Page 100: ...g the Configuration utility on the PC attached to this device and choose HomePlug as the network password All powerline devices are shipped using HomePlug as a network password The Security dialog screen allows you to change this network password and set your own private password and apply it to the powerline device connected to the computer where the utility running Hit Restore default button to ...

Page 101: ...Figure 4 Security dialog screen ...

Page 102: ...n either the box itself Find the passwords for all devices you want to manage and type them one by one into the Device Password text box and hit Add This will add the passwords to Remote Passwords text list box and set them to the currently defined Network Password Note The device must be present on the powerline in order for the password to be confirmed and added to the Remote Passwords list The ...

Page 103: ...Figure 5 Advanced dialog screen ...

Page 104: ...TM Adaptation Layer This layer maps higher layer user data into ATM cells making the data suitable for transport through the ATM network ADSL Asymmetric digital subscriber line ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode A cell based data transfer technique in which channel demand determines packet allocation ATM offers fast packet technology real time demand led switching for efficient use of network resource...

Page 105: ...ic from one network does not interfere with traffic from another Broadcast A packet delivery system where a copy of a given packet is given to all hosts attached to the network Example Ethernet CO Central Office Refers to equipment located at a Telco or service provider s office CPE Customer Premises Equipment located in a user s premises DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP is software t...

Page 106: ...amic IP address may change every time your computer connects to the network Encapsulation The technique used by layered protocols in which a layer adds header information to the protocol data unit PDU from the layer above As an example in Internet terminology a packet would contain a header from the physical layer followed by a header from the network layer IP followed by a header from the transpo...

Page 107: ...Control Message Protocol The protocol used to handle errors and control messages at the IP layer ICMP is actually part of the IP protocol Internet address An IP address is assigned in blocks of numbers to user organizations accessing the Internet These addresses are established by the United States Department of Defense s Network Information Center Duplicate addresses can cause major problems on t...

Page 108: ...he Internet MAC Media Access Control Layer A sub layer of the Data Link Layer Layer 2 of the ISO OSI Model responsible for media control MIB Management Information Base A collection of objects can be accessed via a network management protocol such as SNMP and CMIP Common Management Information Protocol NAT Network Address Translation A proposal for IP address reuse where the local IP address is ma...

Page 109: ...col The successor to SLIP PPP provides router to router and host to network connections over both synchronous and asynchronous circuits PPPoE PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always on connection by simulating a dial up connection Remote server A network computer allows a user to log on to the network from a distant location RFC Request for Commen...

Page 110: ... it uses a routing protocol to gain information about the network and algorithms to choose the best route based on several criteria known as routing metrics routing table Information stored within a router that contains network path and status information It is used to select the most appropriate route to forward information along Routing Information Protocol Routers periodically exchange informat...

Page 111: ...s the root bridge with the highest priority one as identifier from which all paths should radiate Spoofing A method of fooling network end stations into believing that keep alive signals have come from and returned to the host Polls are received and returned locally at either end Static IP Addresses A static IP address is an IP address permanently assigned to computer in a TCP IP network Static IP...

Page 112: ...t host Transparent bridging So named because the intelligence necessary to make relaying decisions exists in the bridge itself and is thus transparent to the communicating workstations It involves frame forwarding learning workstation addresses and ensuring no topology loops exist in conjunction with the Spanning Tree algorithm UDP User Datagram Protocol A connectionless transport protocol that ru...

Page 113: ... be aware of the options and the route is chosen only when a message is sent There is no pre arrangement so each virtual connection exists only for the duration of that one transmission WAN Wide area network A data communications network that spans any distance and is usually provided by a public carrier such as a telephone company or service provider Appendix B Cabling Connection Network cables c...

Page 114: ...Straight through vs Crossover Cables Straight through Crossover Wire Becomes Wire Becomes 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 6 3 3 3 1 6 6 6 2 LAN Connection ...

Page 115: ...To check LEDs light up when you finish connecting two pieces of hardware ...

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