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26
Interconnecting Refrigerant Piping
The chiller and remote condenser ship with a
nitrogen holding charge. Evacuation of this charge is
required before charging with refrigerant. The chiller
is for use only with the air-cooled condenser
provided with the unit. The following section covers
the required piping between the chiller and the
provided air-cooled condenser.
The chiller may consist of multiple evaporators,
compressors, liquid line solenoid valves, expansion
valves, sight glasses, filter driers, and receivers. The
discharge and liquid lines leaving the chiller have
caps. These line sizes do not necessarily reflect the
actual line sizes required for the piping between the
chiller and the air-cooled condenser. The installing
contractor need only provide the interconnecting
piping between the chiller and the air-cooled
condenser.
Refrigerant piping size and piping design have a
significant effect on system performance and
reliability. Refer to the Refrigeration Line Sizing
section of this manual to ensure the refrigerant
piping and runs are proper. All piping should
conform to the applicable local and state codes.
Note: Use refrigerant grade copper tubing ASTM
B280 only and isolate the refrigeration lines
from building structures to prevent transfer of
vibration. All copper tubing must have a pressure
rating suitable for R-410A: tubing that is ¾” OD
or larger must be Type K rigid tubing. ACR
annealed tubing co
il may be used for sizes ⅝”
ODS or smaller.
Do not use a saw to remove end caps. This might
allow copper chips to contaminate the system. Use a
tube cutter or heat to remove the caps. When
sweating copper joints it is important to evacuate all
refrigerant present if any and flow dry nitrogen
through the system. This prevents the formation of
toxic gases, corrosive acids, and the formation of
scale within the copper tube.
Note: Do not use soft solders. For copper-to-
copper joints use a copper-phosphorus braze
alloy (BCuP per the American Welding Society)
with 5% (BCuP-3) to 15% (BCuP-5) silver
content. Only use a high silver content brazing
alloy (BAg per AWS) for copper-to-brass or
copper-to-steel joints such as a 45% (BAg-5)
silver content. Only use oxy-acetylene brazing.
WARNING: The POE oil contained within the
compressor is hygroscopic and has the ability to
absorb water vapor from the atmosphere. Take
necessary steps to prevent an open system from
exposure to the atmosphere for extended periods
while installing the interconnecting refrigerant
tubing.
Refrigeration Piping Design
The system is configurable in any of the
arrangements as shown in Figure 13, Figure 14, and
Figure 15. The configuration and its associated
elevation, along with the total distance between the
chiller and the air-cooled condenser are important
factors in determining the liquid line and discharge
line sizes. This will also affect the field refrigerant
charges. Consequently, it is important to adhere to
certain physical limitations to ensure the system
operates as designed.
General design considerations are:
1.
The total distance between the chiller and the
air-cooled condenser must not exceed 200
actual feet (70.0 m) or 300 equivalent feet
(91.4 m). Keep the distance as short as possible.
2.
Liquid line risers must not exceed 15 feet (4.6 m)
in height from the condenser liquid line
connection.
3.
Discharge line risers cannot exceed an elevation
difference greater than 100 actual feet (30.5 m)
without a minimum of 2% efficiency decrease.
4.
To form a proper liquid seal at the condenser,
immediately drop at least 15 inches (38.1 cm)
down from the liquid outlet before routing the
piping to the chiller. Make the drop leg before
any bends or angles connecting to the
remainder of the liquid connection piping.