Chevrolet 2005 Astro Owner'S Manual Download Page 251

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Checking Brake Fluid

You can check the brake fluid without taking off the cap.

Just look at the brake fluid reservoir. The fluid level
should be above MIN. If it is not, have your brake
system checked to see if there is a leak.

After work is done on the brake hydraulic system,
make sure the level is above the MIN but not over the
MAX mark.

5-39

Summary of Contents for 2005 Astro

Page 1: ...nter DIC 3 37 Audio System s 3 39 Driving Your Vehicle 4 1 Your Driving the Road and Your Vehicle 4 2 Towing 4 33 Service and Appearance Care 5 1 Service 5 3 Fuel 5 5 Checking Things Under the Hood 5 10 All Wheel Drive 5 47 Rear Axle 5 48 Front Axle 5 49 Bulb Replacement 5 50 Windshield Wiper Blade Replacement 5 57 Tires 5 58 Appearance Care 5 84 Vehicle Identification 5 93 Electrical System 5 94 ...

Page 2: ...eave this manual in the vehicle Canadian Owners A French language copy of this manual can be obtained from your dealer or from Helm Incorporated P O Box 07130 Detroit MI 48207 How to Use This Manual Many people read the owner manual from beginning to end when they first receive their new vehicle If this is done it can help you learn about the features and controls for the vehicle Pictures and word...

Page 3: ...ION These mean there is something that could hurt you or other people In the caution area we tell you what the hazard is Then we tell you what to do to help avoid or reduce the hazard Please read these cautions If you do not you or others could be hurt You will also find a circle with a slash through it in this book This safety symbol means Do Not Do Not do this or Do Not let this happen iii ...

Page 4: ...o warning labels on the vehicle They use the same words CAUTION or NOTICE Vehicle Symbols The vehicle has components and labels that use symbols instead of text Symbols are shown along with the text describing the operation or information relating to a specific component control message gage or indicator If you need help figuring out a specific name of a component gage or indicator reference the f...

Page 5: ...These are some examples of symbols that may be found on the vehicle v ...

Page 6: ... NOTES vi ...

Page 7: ...sengers 1 31 Center Rear Passenger Position 1 34 Rear Safety Belt Comfort Guides for Children and Small Adults 1 35 Safety Belt Extender 1 37 Child Restraints 1 38 Older Children 1 38 Infants and Young Children 1 40 Child Restraint Systems 1 46 Where to Put the Restraint 1 49 Top Strap 1 50 Top Strap Anchor Location 1 52 Lower Anchorages and Top Tethers for Children LATCH System 1 54 Securing a Ch...

Page 8: ...n Airbag Restrain 1 68 What Will You See After an Airbag Inflates 1 68 Servicing Your Airbag Equipped Vehicle 1 69 Adding Equipment to Your Airbag Equipped Vehicle 1 70 Restraint System Check 1 70 Checking Your Restraint Systems 1 70 Replacing Restraint System Parts After a Crash 1 71 Section 1 Seats and Restraint Systems 1 2 ...

Page 9: ...e seat adjustment lever toward the outboard side of the seat to unlock it 2 Slide the seat to where you want it 3 Release the lever and try to move the seat with your body to make sure that the seat is locked into place Power Seat If your vehicle has this feature there will be controls located on the inboard side of the driver s seat To raise or lower the front of the seat cushion raise or lower t...

Page 10: ...r support Turn the knob toward the rear of the vehicle to decrease lumbar support Reclining Seatbacks There is a lever located on the inboard side of the seat to adjust the seatback 1 Lift the lever and lean back until the seatback is at the desired position 2 Release the lever to lock the seatback where you want it To return the seatback to an upright position pull up on the lever and lean forwar...

Page 11: ...b because it will not be against your body Instead it will be in front of you In a crash you could go into it receiving neck or other injuries The lap belt can not do its job either In a crash the belt could go up over your abdomen The belt forces would be there not at your pelvic bones This could cause serious internal injuries For proper protection when the vehicle is in motion have the seatback...

Page 12: ...on touring bench seatback pull up on the latch release lever while pulling the seatback toward the rear of the vehicle After the latch has been released push the seatback toward the front of the vehicle until it locks into place To raise the seatback unlock the seatback latch by pushing up on the lever while pushing down on the upper edge of the seatback Move the seatback into the upright position...

Page 13: ...ress rearward on the seatback to be sure it is locked Rear Seats Rear Seat Operation Removing the Rear Seats To remove the rear seats do the following 1 If you are removing the center seat remove the right lap shoulder belt To do this press the tip of a key into the release hole of the safety belt attachment while pulling up on the safety belt 1 7 ...

Page 14: ...ut both buckles in the passenger s side rear storage bin Route the belt out of the forward edge of the storage bin Close the cover to retain the belt 4 Pull up on the seatback latch on the right rear of the seat Push the seatback down until it locks into place 5 Lift up on the left and the right seat release levers at the same time The latches are near the floor on the rear legs of the seat 1 8 ...

Page 15: ... from the rear latch pins Then pull the whole seat back to remove the seat from the front retainers and then lift the seat out of the vehicle Replacing the Rear Seats 1 Lower the seat into position Make sure the front retainers are hooked onto the anchor pins 1 9 ...

Page 16: ...lock the seatback latch by pulling up on the latch release lever at the right rear of the seat while pushing down on the upper edge of the seatback 3 2 Move the seatback into the upright position Make sure the seatback is locked when it is back in the upright position If you are replacing the center seat connect the right lap shoulder belt to the attachment on the seat cushion If you have a safety...

Page 17: ...y routed and attached and are not twisted Bench Seat Each bench seat can carry up to three passengers They can also be removed to increase storage space See Removing the Rear Seats following Only the third row bench seat can be adjusted forward or rearward Move the seat adjustment lever located at the front of the seat toward the passenger s side to unlock it Slide the seat to where you want it an...

Page 18: ...eatback lever that makes it easier to enter the third row seat if equipped The lever is located on the right rear of the second row seat 1 Pull up on the seatback release lever while pulling the seatback toward the rear of the vehicle 2 After the lever has been released push the seatback toward the front of the vehicle until it locks into place 1 12 ...

Page 19: ...AUTION If the seatback is not locked it could move forward in a sudden stop or crash That could cause injury to the person sitting there Always press rearward on the seatback to be sure it is locked Removing the Rear Seats To remove the rear bench seats do the following 1 If you are removing the center seat remove the right lap shoulder belt To do this press the tip of a key into the release hole ...

Page 20: ...t both buckles in the passenger s side rear storage bin Route the belt out of the forward edge of the storage bin Close the cover to retain the belt 4 Pull up on the seatback latch on the right rear of the seat Push the seatback down until it locks into place 5 Lift up on the left and the right seat release levers at the same time The latches are near the floor on the rear legs of the seat 1 14 ...

Page 21: ...rom the rear latch pins Then pull the whole seat back to remove the seat from the front retainers and then lift the seat out of the vehicle Reinstalling the Rear Seats 1 Lower the seat into position Make sure the front retainers are hooked onto the anchor pins 1 15 ...

Page 22: ...ock the seatback latch by pulling up on the latch release lever at the right rear of the seat while pushing down on the upper edge of the seatback 3 2 Move the seatback into the upright position Make sure the seatback is locked when it is back in the upright position 4 If you are replacing the center seat connect the right lap shoulder belt to the attachment on the seat cushion If you have a safet...

Page 23: ...aring the belt could be seriously injured After raising the rear seatback always check to be sure that the safety belts are properly routed and attached and are not twisted Bucket Seats Your vehicle may have rear bucket seats with an adjustment release bar located under the front of the seats These seats can be adjusted forward or rearward with the release bar Pull the release bar up to release th...

Page 24: ...d check that your passengers belts are fastened properly too CAUTION It is extremely dangerous to ride in a cargo area inside or outside of a vehicle In a collision people riding in these areas are more likely to be seriously injured or killed Do not allow people to ride in any area of your vehicle that is not equipped with seats and safety belts Be sure everyone in your vehicle is in a seat and u...

Page 25: ...buckle up can survive and sometimes walk away Without belts they could have been badly hurt or killed After more than 30 years of safety belts in vehicles the facts are clear In most crashes buckling up does matter a lot Why Safety Belts Work When you ride in or on anything you go as fast as it goes Take the simplest vehicle Suppose it is just a seat on wheels 1 19 ...

Page 26: ...Put someone on it Get it up to speed Then stop the vehicle The rider does not stop 1 20 ...

Page 27: ...The person keeps going until stopped by something In a real vehicle it could be the windshield or the instrument panel 1 21 ...

Page 28: ...upside down And your chance of being conscious during and after an accident so you can unbuckle and get out is much greater if you are belted Q If my vehicle has airbags why should I have to wear safety belts A Airbags are in many vehicles today and will be in most of them in the future But they are supplemental systems only so they work with safety belts not instead of them Every airbag system ev...

Page 29: ... to Wear Safety Belts Properly This part is only for people of adult size Be aware that there are special things to know about safety belts and children And there are different rules for smaller children and babies If a child will be riding in your vehicle see Older Children on page 1 38 or Infants and Young Children on page 1 40 Follow those rules for everyone s protection First you will want to ...

Page 30: ...er had to The lap part of the belt should be worn low and snug on the hips just touching the thighs In a crash this applies force to the strong pelvic bones And you would be less likely to slide under the lap belt If you slid under it the belt would apply force at your abdomen This could cause serious or even fatal injuries The shoulder belt should go over the shoulder and across the chest These p...

Page 31: ...oo loose It will not give nearly as much protection this way CAUTION You can be seriously hurt if your shoulder belt is too loose In a crash you would move forward too much which could increase injury The shoulder belt should fit against your body 1 25 ...

Page 32: ...an be seriously injured if your belt is buckled in the wrong place like this In a crash the belt would go up over your abdomen The belt forces would be there not at the pelvic bones This could cause serious internal injuries Always buckle your belt into the buckle nearest you 1 26 ...

Page 33: ...ured if your belt goes over an armrest like this The belt would be much too high In a crash you can slide under the belt The belt force would then be applied at the abdomen not at the pelvic bones and that could cause serious or fatal injuries Be sure the belt goes under the armrests 1 27 ...

Page 34: ...eriously injured if you wear the shoulder belt under your arm In a crash your body would move too far forward which would increase the chance of head and neck injury Also the belt would apply too much force to the ribs which are not as strong as shoulder bones You could also severely injure internal organs like your liver or spleen 1 28 ...

Page 35: ... across the body CAUTION You can be seriously injured by a twisted belt In a crash you would not have the full width of the belt to spread impact forces If a belt is twisted make it straight so it can work properly or ask your dealer to fix it 1 29 ...

Page 36: ...o the height that is right for you To move it down push it in at the top of the arrows and move the height adjuster to the desired position You can move the adjuster up just by pushing up on the shoulder belt guide After you move the adjuster to where you want it try to move it down without pushing it in to make sure it has locked into position Adjust the height so that the shoulder portion of the...

Page 37: ... Front Passenger Position To learn how to wear the right front passenger s safety belt properly see Driver Position on page 1 23 The right front passenger s safety belt works the same way as the driver s safety belt except for one thing If you ever pull the lap portion of the belt out all the way you will engage the child restraint locking feature If this happens just let the belt go back all the ...

Page 38: ...he belt go back slightly to unlock it Then pull the belt across you more slowly 2 Push the latch plate into the buckle until it clicks Pull up on the latch plate to make sure it is secure If the belt is not long enough see Safety Belt Extender on page 1 37 Make sure the release button on the buckle is positioned so that you would be able to unbuckle the safety belt quickly if you ever had to 3 To ...

Page 39: ...se serious or even fatal injuries The shoulder belt should go over the shoulder and across the chest These parts of the body are best able to take belt restraining forces The safety belt locks if there is a sudden stop or a crash CAUTION You can be seriously hurt if your shoulder belt is too loose In a crash you would move forward too much which could increase injury The shoulder belt should fit a...

Page 40: ...elt longer tilt the latch plate and pull it along the belt To make the belt shorter pull its free end as shown until the belt is snug Buckle position and release it the same way as the lap part of a lap shoulder belt If the belt is not long enough see Safety Belt Extender on page 1 37 Make sure the release button on the buckle is positioned so you would be able to unbuckle the safety belt quickly ...

Page 41: ...comfort for older children who have outgrown booster seats and for small adults When installed on a shoulder belt the comfort guide better positions the belt away from the neck and head Here is how to install a comfort guide and use the safety belt 1 Remove the guide from its storage clip on the side of the seatback 1 35 ...

Page 42: ...ic cord must be under the belt Then place the guide over the belt and insert the two edges of the belt into the slots of the guide 3 Be sure that the belt is not twisted and it lies flat The elastic cord must be under the belt and the guide on top 1 36 ...

Page 43: ...l fasten around you you should use it But if a safety belt is not long enough your dealer will order you an extender It is free When you go in to order it take the heaviest coat you will wear so the extender will be long enough for you To help avoid personal injury do not let someone else use it and use it only for the seat it is made to fit The extender has been designed for adults Never use it f...

Page 44: ...lder belt and get the additional restraint a shoulder belt can provide The shoulder belt should not cross the face or neck The lap belt should fit snugly below the hips just touching the top of the thighs It should never be worn over the abdomen which could cause severe or even fatal internal injuries in a crash Accident statistics show that children are safer if they are restrained in the rear se...

Page 45: ...o the child s face or neck A Move the child toward the center of the vehicle but be sure that the shoulder belt still is on the child s shoulder so that in a crash the child s upper body would have the restraint that belts provides If the child is sitting in a rear seat outside position see Rear Safety Belt Comfort Guides for Children and Small Adults on page 1 35 If the child is so small that the...

Page 46: ...elvic bones in a crash Infants and Young Children Except Cargo Vans Everyone in a vehicle needs protection This includes infants and all other children Neither the distance traveled nor the age and size of the traveler changes the need for everyone to use safety restraints In fact the law in every state in the United States and in every Canadian province says children up to some age must be restra...

Page 47: ...oes not weigh much until a crash During a crash a baby will become so heavy it is not possible to hold it For example in a crash at only 25 mph 40 km h a 12 lb 5 5 kg baby will suddenly become a 240 lb 110 kg force on a person s arms A baby should be secured in an appropriate restraint 1 41 ...

Page 48: ...stem is designed for them Young children and infants need the protection that a child restraint system can provide Q What are the different types of add on child restraints A Add on child restraints which are purchased by the vehicle s owner are available in four basic types Selection of a particular restraint should take into consideration not only the child s weight height and age but also wheth...

Page 49: ...ak and its head weighs so much compared with the rest of its body In a crash an infant in a rear facing seat settles into the restraint so the crash forces can be distributed across the strongest part of an infant s body the back and shoulders Infants always should be secured in appropriate infant restraints CAUTION The body structure of a young child is quite unlike that of an adult or older chil...

Page 50: ...traint system can provide CAUTION Newborn infants need complete support including support for the head and neck This is necessary because a newborn infant s neck is weak and its head weighs so much compared with the rest of its body In a crash an infant in a rear facing seat settles into the restraint so the crash forces can be distributed across the strongest part of an infant s body the back and...

Page 51: ...he belt would apply force on a body area that is unprotected by any bony structure This alone could cause serious or fatal injuries Young children always should be secured in appropriate child restraints CAUTION People should never hold a baby in their arms while riding in a vehicle A baby does not weigh much until a crash During a crash a baby will become so heavy it is not possible to hold it Fo...

Page 52: ... or position a child on a continuous flat surface Make sure that the infant s head rests toward the center of the vehicle A rear facing infant seat B provides restraint with the seating surface against the back of the infant The harness system holds the infant in place and in a crash acts to keep the infant positioned in the restraint 1 46 ...

Page 53: ...ces such as T shaped or shelf like shields A booster seat F G is a child restraint designed to improve the fit of the vehicle s safety belt system Some booster seats have a shoulder belt positioner and some high back booster seats have a five point harness A booster seat can also help a child to see out the window 1 47 ...

Page 54: ...ch strap A shield may take the place of hip straps A T shaped shield has shoulder straps that are attached to a flat pad which rests low against the child s body A shelf or armrest type shield has straps that are attached to a wide shelf like shield that swings up or to the side When choosing a child restraint be sure the child restraint is designed to be used in a vehicle If it is it will have a ...

Page 55: ...iously injured or killed if the right front passenger s airbag inflates This is because the back of the rear facing child restraint would be very close to the inflating airbag Always secure a rear facing child restraint in a rear seat If you need to secure a forward facing child restraint in the right front seat always move the front passenger seat as far back as it will go It is better to secure ...

Page 56: ...ision or sudden stop and injure people in the vehicle Be sure to properly secure any child restraint in your vehicle even when no child is in it Top Strap Some child restraints have a top strap or top tether It can help restrain the child restraint during a collision For it to work a top strap must be properly anchored to the vehicle Some top strap equipped child restraints are designed for use wi...

Page 57: ...l be placed If you have an adjustable head restraint route the top strap under it CAUTION Each top tether bracket is designed to anchor only one child restraint Attaching more than one child restraint to a single bracket could cause the anchor to come loose or even break during a crash A child or others could be injured if this happens To help prevent injury to people and damage to your vehicle at...

Page 58: ...TION A child in a rear facing child restraint can be seriously injured or killed if the passenger s airbag inflates This is because the back of the rear facing child restraint would be very close to the inflating airbag Do not use a rear facing child restraint in this vehicle If you need to secure a forward facing child restraint in the front passenger position always move the front passenger seat...

Page 59: ...ucket Seats An anchoring point is located below the rear of the seat cushion on the spacer bar Anchor the top strap through the two slots on the bar Passenger Van Bucket Seats Passenger Van Bench Seat Second Row 1 53 ...

Page 60: ...h the child restraint say that the top strap must be anchored There is no place to anchor the top strap in these positions Lower Anchorages and Top Tethers for Children LATCH System If you have a passenger van it has the LATCH system It has two sets of anchors in the second row of seats In a seven passenger van the anchors are located in each of the bucket seats in the second row In an eight passe...

Page 61: ...er A Lower Anchorage B Lower Anchorage In order to use the LATCH system in your vehicle you need a child restraint designed for that system With this system use the LATCH system instead of the vehicle s safety belts to secure a child restraint 1 55 ...

Page 62: ...estraint Designed for the LATCH System 1 Find the LATCH anchorages for the seating position you want to use where the bottom of the seatback meets the back of the seat cushion See Lower Anchorages and Top Tethers for Children LATCH System on page 1 54 2 Put the child restraint on the seat 3 Attach and tighten the LATCH attachments on the child restraint to the LATCH anchorages in the vehicle The c...

Page 63: ...hild restraint say that the top strap must be anchored If your child restraint does not have the LATCH system you will be using the lap shoulder belt to secure the child restraint in this position Be sure to follow the instructions that came with the child restraint Secure the child in the child restraint when and as the instructions say 1 Put the child restraint on the seat 2 Pick up the latch pl...

Page 64: ...ecuring a Child Restraint in a Center Rear Seat Position Bench Seat If your child restraint is equipped with the LATCH system see Lower Anchorages and Top Tethers for Children LATCH System on page 1 54 See Top Strap on page 1 50 if the child restraint has one There is no top strap anchor at the second row center seating position Do not secure a child seat in this position if a national or local la...

Page 65: ... be able to unbuckle the safety belt quickly if you ever had to 5 To tighten the belt pull its free end while you push down on the child restraint If you are using a forward facing child restraint you may find it helpful to use your knee to push down on the child restraint as you tighten the belt 6 Push and pull the child restraint in different directions to be sure it is secure To remove the chil...

Page 66: ...ear facing child restraint would be very close to the inflating airbag CAUTION Continued CAUTION Continued If your vehicle is a passenger van always secure a rear facing child restraint in a rear seat If your vehicle is a cargo van do not use a rear facing child restraint in this vehicle If you need to secure a forward facing child restraint in the right front seat always move the passenger seat a...

Page 67: ...ough or around the restraint The child restraint instructions will show you how 4 Buckle the belt Make sure the release button is positioned so you would be able to unbuckle the safety belt quickly if you ever had to 5 Pull the rest of the belt all the way out of the retractor to set the lock 1 61 ...

Page 68: ...u may find it helpful to use your knee to push down on the child restraint as you tighten the belt 7 Push and pull the child restraint in different directions to be sure it is secure To remove the child restraint just unbuckle the vehicle s safety belt and let it go back all the way The safety belt will move freely again and be ready to work for an adult or larger child passenger 1 62 ...

Page 69: ... even if you have airbags Wearing your safety belt during a crash helps reduce your chance of hitting things inside the vehicle or being ejected from it Airbags are designed to work with safety belts but do not replace them Airbags are designed to deploy only in moderate to severe frontal and near frontal crashes They are not designed to inflate in rollover rear or low speed frontal crashes or in ...

Page 70: ...ntaining control of the vehicle CAUTION Anyone who is up against or very close to any airbag when it inflates can be seriously injured or killed Airbags plus lap shoulder belts offer the best protection for adults but not for young children and infants Neither the vehicle s safety belt system nor its airbag system is designed for them Young children and infants need the protection that a child res...

Page 71: ... symbol The system checks the airbag electrical system for malfunctions The light tells you if there is an electrical problem See Airbag Readiness Light on page 3 26 for more information Where Are the Airbags The driver s airbag is in the middle of the steering wheel United States Canada 1 65 ...

Page 72: ...attach or put anything on the steering wheel hub or on or near any other airbag covering When Should an Airbag Inflate The driver s and right front passenger s frontal airbags are designed to inflate in moderate to severe frontal or near frontal crashes But they are designed to inflate only if the impact exceeds a predetermined deployment threshold Deployment thresholds take into account a variety...

Page 73: ...e vehicle hits a wide object like a wall If the vehicle goes into an object at an angle the airbag could inflate at a different crash speed than if the vehicle goes straight into the object The frontal airbags driver and right front passenger are not intended to inflate during vehicle rollovers rear impacts or in many side impacts because inflation would not likely help the occupants In any partic...

Page 74: ...ven realize the airbag inflated Some components of the airbag module the steering wheel hub for the driver s airbag or the instrument panel for the right front passenger s bag will be hot for a short time The parts of the bag that come into contact with you may be warm but not too hot to touch There will be some smoke and dust coming from the vents in the deflated airbags Airbag inflation does not...

Page 75: ...ing wheel or both the airbag module and the instrument panel for the right front passenger s airbag Do not open or break the airbag coverings Servicing Your Airbag Equipped Vehicle Airbags affect how your vehicle should be serviced There are parts of the airbag system in several places around your vehicle You don t want the system to inflate while someone is working on your vehicle Your dealer and...

Page 76: ...esses for Customer Assistance are in Step Two of the Customer Satisfaction Procedure on page 7 2 Restraint System Check Checking Your Restraint Systems Now and then make sure the safety belt reminder light and all your belts buckles latch plates retractors and anchorages are working properly Look for any other loose or damaged safety belt system parts If you see anything that might keep a safety b...

Page 77: ...nothing may be necessary But if the belts were stretched as they would be if worn during a more sever crash the you need new parts If belts are cut or damaged replace them Collision damage also may mean you will need to have LATCH system safety belt or seat parts repaired or replaced New parts and repairs may be necessary even if the belt or LATCH system was not being used at the time of the colli...

Page 78: ... NOTES 1 72 ...

Page 79: ...8 Starting Your Engine 2 18 Fuel Regulator 2 19 Engine Coolant Heater 2 19 Automatic Transmission Operation 2 20 Tow Haul Mode 2 22 All Wheel Drive 2 23 Parking Brake 2 23 Shifting Into Park P 2 24 Shifting Out of Park P 2 25 Parking Over Things That Burn 2 26 Engine Exhaust 2 26 Running Your Engine While You Are Parked 2 27 Mirrors 2 28 Manual Rearview Mirror 2 28 Outside Manual Mirror 2 28 Outsi...

Page 80: ...h the ignition key is dangerous for many reasons They could operate the power windows or other controls or even make the vehicle move The children or others could be badly injured or even killed Do not leave the keys in a vehicle with children 2 2 ...

Page 81: ...am on page 7 6 Remote Keyless Entry System If equipped the keyless entry system operates on a radio frequency subject to Federal Communications Commission FCC Rules and with Industry Canada This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause interference 2 This device must accept any interference received including int...

Page 82: ...tery replacement is necessary See Battery Replacement under Remote Keyless Entry System Operation on page 2 4 If you are still having trouble see your dealer or a qualified technician for service Remote Keyless Entry System Operation If your vehicle has this feature you can lock and unlock your doors from about 3 feet 1 m up to 30 feet 9 m away using the remote keyless entry transmitter supplied w...

Page 83: ...ll not unlock your vehicle Each vehicle can have a maximum of four transmitters matched to it Battery Replacement Under normal use the battery in your remote keyless entry transmitter should last about two years You can tell the battery is weak if the transmitter won t work at the normal range in any location If you have to get close to your vehicle before the transmitter works it s probably time ...

Page 84: ...e heat and can suffer permanent injuries or even death from heat stroke Always lock your vehicle whenever you leave it Outsiders can easily enter through an unlocked door when you slow down or stop your vehicle Locking your doors can help prevent this from happening There are several ways to lock and unlock your vehicle To unlock your door from the outside use your key or remote keyless entry tran...

Page 85: ...sed with a door open all doors are locked while the driver s side door remains unlocked Programmable Automatic Door Locks Your vehicle is equipped with an auto lock unlock feature which enables you to program your power door locks Your vehicle left the factory programmed to have all the doors lock automatically when the shift lever is moved out of PARK P All of the doors will unlock when the shift...

Page 86: ...t of the available programming options All doors lock Only the driver s door unlocks Press the lock side of the power lock switch on the door panel once and then the unlock side once All doors lock All doors unlock Press the lock side of the power lock switch on the door panel once and then the unlock side twice All doors lock None of the doors unlock Press the lock side of the power lock switch o...

Page 87: ...toward the front of the door The other label is located on the front of the sliding door near the security door lock This feature prevents passengers from opening the sliding side door from the inside To use this feature do the following 1 Move the lever all the way up 2 Close the door To open the sliding side door while the security lock is engaged unlock the door and open it from the outside If ...

Page 88: ...e 2 Move the lever all the way down CAUTION If your vehicle is facing downward on a steep grade 15 percent or more the door may not stay open and could slam shut possibly injuring someone To make sure the door does not slam shut be sure to hold it open until everyone is clear of the door and only then allow it to slowly close 2 10 ...

Page 89: ...side rear door first Grasp the handle and pull the door open To open the driver s side rear door pull on the latch release handle located on the inside of the door To close the rear doors close the driver s side door first Check to make sure both doors are completely closed The rear doors have a check assembly to keep the doors from opening beyond 90 degrees Cargo Door Shown 2 11 ...

Page 90: ...mell CO It can cause unconsciousness and even death If you must drive with the rear glass open or if electrical wiring or other cable connections must pass through the seal between the body and the rear glass Make sure all other windows are shut Turn the fan on your heating or cooling system to its highest speed and select the control setting that will force outside air into your vehicle See Clima...

Page 91: ...smitter See Remote Keyless Entry System Operation on page 2 4 The hatch can be opened or closed without a key if the door lock system is unlocked The interior light will not turn on if the rear doors are open To open the hatch unlock it then press the button and lift the handle located in the center of the door To lock the power lock system from the outside insert the key in the hatch release butt...

Page 92: ... by the extreme heat and suffer permanent injuries or even death from heat stroke Never leave a child a helpless adult or a pet alone in a vehicle especially with the windows closed in warm or hot weather Manual Windows To operate your manual windows turn the hand crank on each door to raise or lower your side door windows 2 14 ...

Page 93: ...eature that allows you to lower the window without holding the switch Press the down arrow on the driver s window switch marked AUTO briefly to activate the express down feature The express down feature can be interrupted at any time by pressing the up arrow end of the switch Lightly tap the switch to open the window slightly Sun Visors To block out glare you can swing down the visors You can also...

Page 94: ...ECURITY light comes on you will be able to restart the engine if you turn the engine off However your Passlock system is not working properly and must be serviced by your dealer Your vehicle is not protected by Passlock at this time You may also want to check the fuse See Fuses and Circuit Breakers on page 5 95 See your dealer for service Starting and Operating Your Vehicle New Vehicle Break In No...

Page 95: ... position locks your ignition and transmission It is a theft deterrent feature You will only be able to remove your key when the ignition is turned to LOCK Notice Using a tool to force the key from the ignition switch could cause damage or break the key Use the correct key and turn the key only with your hand Make sure the key is all the way in If it is turn the steering wheel left and right while...

Page 96: ...in START for longer than 15 seconds at a time will cause your battery to be drained much sooner And the excessive heat can damage your starter motor Wait about 15 seconds between each try to help avoid draining your battery or damaging your starter 2 If it does not start within 10 seconds push the accelerator pedal all the way to the floor while you hold the ignition key in START When the engine s...

Page 97: ...also have an internal thermostat in the plug end of the cord This will prevent operation of the engine coolant heater when the temperature is at or above 0 F 18 C as noted on the cord To Use the Engine Coolant Heater 1 Turn off the engine 2 Open the hood and unwrap the electrical cord The engine coolant heater cord is located on the driver s side of the engine compartment near the power steering f...

Page 98: ...cle can roll Do not leave your vehicle when the engine is running unless you have to If you have left the engine running the vehicle can move suddenly You or others could be injured To be sure your vehicle will not move even when you are on fairly level ground always set your parking brake and move the shift lever to PARK P See Shifting Into Park P on page 2 24 If you are pulling a trailer see Tow...

Page 99: ...r engine is running at high speed Notice Shifting out of PARK P or NEUTRAL N with the engine running at high speed may damage the transmission The repairs would not be covered by your warranty Be sure the engine is not running at high speed when shifting your vehicle DRIVE D This position is for normal driving If you need more power for passing and you are Going less than about 35 mph 55 km h push...

Page 100: ...g the tires or holding the vehicle in one place on a hill using only the accelerator pedal may damage the transmission If you are stuck do not spin the tires When stopping on a hill use the brakes to hold the vehicle in place Tow Haul Mode Your vehicle is equipped with a tow haul button The button is located on the end of the column shift lever You can use this feature to assist when towing or hau...

Page 101: ...et the parking brake hold the regular brake pedal down with your right foot Push down the parking brake pedal with your left foot If the ignition is on the brake system warning light will come on To release the parking brake hold the regular brake pedal down Pull the brake release lever located on the lower left side of the steering column Notice Driving with the parking brake on can overheat the ...

Page 102: ...e it with you If you can leave your vehicle with the ignition key in your hand your vehicle is in PARK P Leaving Your Vehicle With the Engine Running CAUTION It can be dangerous to leave your vehicle with the engine running Your vehicle could move suddenly if the shift lever is not fully in PARK P with the parking brake firmly set And if you leave the vehicle with the engine running it could overh...

Page 103: ...some of the pressure from the parking pawl in the transmission so you can pull the shift lever out of PARK P Shifting Out of Park P Your vehicle has an automatic transmission shift lock control system You have to fully apply your regular brakes before you can shift from PARK P when the ignition is in RUN See Automatic Transmission Operation on page 2 20 If you cannot shift out of PARK P ease press...

Page 104: ...nconsciousness and death You might have exhaust coming in if Your exhaust system sounds strange or different Your vehicle gets rusty underneath Your vehicle was damaged in a collision Your vehicle was damaged when driving over high points on the road or over road debris Repairs were not done correctly Your vehicle or exhaust system had been modified improperly If you ever suspect exhaust is coming...

Page 105: ... a garage with the engine running Another closed in place can be a blizzard See Winter Driving on page 4 23 CAUTION It can be dangerous to get out of your vehicle if the shift lever is not fully in PARK P with the parking brake firmly set Your vehicle can roll Do not leave your vehicle when the engine is running unless you have to If you have left the engine running the vehicle can move suddenly Y...

Page 106: ...ering a car wash Pull the mirrors toward the vehicle Push the mirrors back out when finished After pushing the mirror out the adjustment will be maintained Outside Power Mirrors Your vehicle may have this feature To adjust the outside rearview mirror move the selector switch in the middle of the control to L for the driver s side mirror or to R for the passenger s side mirror Then use the arrows l...

Page 107: ...ersal transmitter and receiver provides a way to replace up to three hand held transmitters used to activate devices such as gate operators garage door openers entry door locks security systems and home lighting Additional HomeLink information can be found on the internet at www homelink com or by calling 1 800 355 3515 If your vehicle is equipped with the HomeLink Transmitter it complies with Par...

Page 108: ...ist you in programming the transmitter Keep the original transmitter for use in other vehicles as well as for future HomeLink programming It is also recommended that upon the sale of the vehicle the programmed HomeLink buttons should be erased for security purposes Refer to Erasing HomeLink Buttons or for assistance contact HomeLink on the internet at www homelink com or by calling 1 800 355 3515 ...

Page 109: ...Do not repeat Step 1 as this will erase all of the programmed channels If the indicator light blinks rapidly for two seconds and then turns to a constant light continue with Steps 6 through 8 following to complete the programming of a rolling code equipped device most commonly a garage door opener 6 Locate in the garage the garage door opener receiver motor head unit Locate the Learn or Smart butt...

Page 110: ...een successfully accepted by HomeLink The indicator light will flash slowly at first and then rapidly Proceed with Step 4 under Programming HomeLink to complete Using HomeLink Press and hold the appropriate HomeLink button for at least half of a second The indicator light will come on while the signal is being transmitted Erasing HomeLink Buttons To erase programming from the three buttons do the ...

Page 111: ...n earlier in this section Resetting Defaults To reset HomeLink to default settings do the following 1 Hold down the two outside buttons for about 20 seconds until the indicator light begins to flash 2 Continue to hold both buttons until the HomeLink indicator light turns off 3 Release both buttons For questions or comments contact HomeLink at 1 800 355 3515 or on the internet at www homelink com S...

Page 112: ...If you have rear storage compartments pull up on the lid to open the cover There is also a map storage pocket on the passenger s side of the engine cover console 2 34 ...

Page 113: ...s The reading lamps trip computer temperature and compass display will work when the ignition is in RUN ACCESSORY or when Retained Accessory Power RAP is active See Retained Accessory Power under Retained Accessory Power RAP on page 2 18 Reading Lamps Your vehicle may have this feature Press the button near each lamp to turn the reading lamps on and off The lamps can also be swiveled to point in t...

Page 114: ...s close to the center of the opener as possible 4 Center the garage door opener activation button over the console door button and press the opener firmly into place The pegs inside the compartment door are used to make sure the button on the compartment door will contact the control button on the garage door opener 5 Add one peg at a time until the garage door opener operates with the compartment...

Page 115: ... opener positioned properly and the right number of pegs in place you can press the button to operate the opener Your vehicle may be equipped with a HomeLink Transmitter For more information see Programming the HomeLink Transmitter on page 2 30 Sunglasses Storage Compartment The overhead console has a sunglasses storage compartment 2 37 ...

Page 116: ...with the two center supports Notice Loading cargo on the luggage carrier that weighs more than 200 lbs 91 kg or hangs over the rear or sides of the vehicle may damage your vehicle Load cargo so that it rests on the slats as far forward as possible and against the side rails making sure to fasten it securely Don t exceed the maximum vehicle capacity when loading your vehicle For more information on...

Page 117: ...ys and Cigarette Lighter 3 18 Climate Controls 3 19 Climate Control System 3 19 Outlet Adjustment 3 21 Rear Heating System 3 21 Rear Air Conditioning System 3 22 Warning Lights Gages and Indicators 3 23 Instrument Panel Cluster 3 24 Speedometer and Odometer 3 25 Trip Odometer 3 25 Safety Belt Reminder Light 3 25 Airbag Readiness Light 3 26 Charging System Light 3 27 Voltmeter Gage 3 27 Brake Syste...

Page 118: ...he Set Button 3 40 Setting the Time for Radios with HR and MN Buttons 3 40 AM FM Radio 3 40 Radio with CD 3 42 Rear Seat Audio RSA 3 46 Theft Deterrent Feature 3 48 Radio Reception 3 50 Care of Your CDs 3 50 Care of Your CD Player 3 50 Fixed Mast Antenna 3 50 Section 3 Instrument Panel 3 2 ...

Page 119: ... NOTES 3 3 ...

Page 120: ...Instrument Panel Overview 3 4 ...

Page 121: ...rol System on page 3 19 H Climate Control System See Climate Control System on page 3 19 I Rear Air Conditioning Control See Rear Air Conditioning System on page 3 22 J Rear Heater Control See Rear Heating System on page 3 21 K Rear Window Washer Wiper Switch See Turn Signal Multifunction Lever on page 3 7 L Ashtray See Ashtrays and Cigarette Lighter on page 3 18 M Dome Override Button See Dome La...

Page 122: ...f Press the button again to turn the flashers off When the hazard warning flashers are on your turn signals will not work Other Warning Devices If you carry reflective triangles you can set them up at the side of the road about 300 feet 100 m behind your vehicle Horn Press the horn symbol in the middle of the steering wheel to sound the horn Tilt Wheel A tilt steering wheel allows you to adjust th...

Page 123: ... Low Beam Changer on page 3 8 Flash to Pass See Flash to Pass on page 3 8 N Windshield Wipers See Windshield Wipers on page 3 9 L Windshield Washer See Windshield Washer on page 3 10 Cruise Control Option See Cruise Control on page 3 11 For information on the exterior lamps see Exterior Lamps on page 3 14 Turn and Lane Change Signals The turn signal has two upward for right and two downward for le...

Page 124: ... the trailer lamps a different turn signal flasher is used With this flasher installed the signal indicator will flash even if a turn signal bulb is burned out Check the front and rear turn signal lamps regularly to make sure they are working Turn Signal On Chime If your turn signal is left on for more than 3 4 of a mile 1 2 km a chime will sound at each flash of the turn signal To turn off the ch...

Page 125: ...t it go The wipers will stop after one wipe If you want more wipes hold the band on mist longer OFF Turn the band to turn off the windshield wipers LOW Low Speed Turn the band to LOW for steady wiping at low speed HIGH High Speed Turn the band to HIGH for steady wiping at high speed DELAY Turn the band to one of the five delay settings located between OFF and LOW to choose the delayed wiping cycle...

Page 126: ...In freezing weather do not use your washer until the windshield is warmed Otherwise the washer fluid can form ice on the windshield blocking your vision The wipers will clear the window and then either stop or return to your preset speed Rear Window Washer Wiper Your vehicle may have this feature The rear window washer wiper is controlled by using the switch located on the instrument panel next to...

Page 127: ... wash your rear window If you can wash your windshield but not your rear window check the fluid level Cruise Control Your vehicle may have this feature With cruise control you can maintain a speed of about 25 mph 40 km h or more without keeping your foot on the accelerator This can really help on long trips Cruise control does not work at speeds below about 25 mph 40 km h When you apply your brake...

Page 128: ...nd release it 4 Take your foot off the accelerator pedal Resuming a Set Speed Suppose you set your cruise control at a desired speed and then you apply the brake This of course shuts off the cruise control But you don t need to reset it Once you re going about 25 mph 40 km h or more you can move the cruise control switch from ON to R A Resume Acclerate briefly You ll go right back up to your chose...

Page 129: ...Each time you do this you ll go about 1 mph 1 6 km h slower Passing Another Vehicle While Using Cruise Control Use the accelerator pedal to increase your speed When you take your foot off the pedal your vehicle will slow down to the cruise control speed you set earlier Using Cruise Control on Hills How well your cruise control will work on hills depends upon your speed load and the steepness of th...

Page 130: ...following Sidemarker Lamps Taillamps License Plate Lamps Instrument Panel Lights Ashtray Lamp O Headlamps Turning the control to this position turns on the headlamps together with the previously listed lamps and lights Headlamps on Reminder A reminder tone will sound when your headlamps or parking lamps are manually turned on and your ignition is in OFF LOCK or ACCESSORY To disable the tone turn t...

Page 131: ... on Your instrument panel won t be lit up either When it begins to get dark the automatic headlamp system will switch from DRL to the headlamps or the last chosen headlamp setting that was used To idle your vehicle with the DRL off put the transmission in PARK P The DRL will stay off until you shift out of PARK P The following does not apply to vehicles first sold in Canada When necessary you may ...

Page 132: ...he light sensor sees a change in lighting lasting longer than the delay To idle your vehicle with the automatic headlamp system off set the parking brake while the ignition is off Then start your vehicle The automatic headlamp system will stay off until you release the parking brake You may be able to turn off your automatic headlamp system See Daytime Running Lamps DRL on page 3 15 for more infor...

Page 133: ...e opened When all the doors are closed the lamps will stay on for a short period of time and will then go out If the DOME OVERRIDE button is pressed in the lamps will not come on Exit Lighting With exit lighting the interior lamps will come on when you remove the key from the ignition The interior lamps will not come on if the DOME OVERRIDE button is pressed in Battery Run Down Protection This fea...

Page 134: ...p back out by itself Notice Holding a cigarette lighter in while it is heating will not allow the lighter to back away from the heating element when it is hot Damage from overheating may occur to the lighter or heating element or a fuse could be blown Do not hold a cigarette lighter in while it is heating Do not use anything other than the cigarette lighter in the heating element Notice Leaving el...

Page 135: ...utlets 6 Floor This mode directs most of the air to the floor outlets with some air directed to the outboard outlets for the side windows and some air directed to the windshield A C Air Conditioning This setting brings in outside air cools and dehumidifies it MAX A C Maximum Air Conditioning This setting cools the air the fastest by recirculating the inside air The right knob can also be used to s...

Page 136: ...mber of passengers or very humid conditions to help keep the windshield clear Use defrost to remove fog or ice from the windshield quickly in extremely cold conditions The temperature knob should be in the red area and the fan control toward high Rear Window Defogger The rear window defogger uses a warming grid to remove fog or frost from the rear window The rear window defogger will only work whe...

Page 137: ... into your vehicle Use of non GM approved hood deflectors may adversely affect the performance of the system Keep the path under the front seats clear of objects to help circulate the air inside of your vehicle more effectively Rear Heating System Your vehicle may have a rear heating system that allows you to adjust the amount of air flowing into the rear of the vehicle from the front seating area...

Page 138: ...the climate control system Turn the thumbwheel up or down to increase or decrease the amount of cooled air sent to the rear seating area To direct the airflow to the rear seating area use the right knob located on the main climate control panel Generally the upper outlets are used for air conditioning and the floor outlets are used for heating 9 Fan Move the thumbwheel up or down to HIGH MED Mediu...

Page 139: ...thing is wrong before it becomes serious enough to cause an expensive repair or replacement Paying attention to your warning lights and gages could also save you or others from injury Warning lights come on when there may be or is a problem with one of your vehicle s functions As you will see in the details on the next few pages some warning lights come on briefly when you start the engine just to...

Page 140: ...is designed to let you know at a glance how your vehicle is running You ll know how fast you re going about how much fuel you ve used and many other things you ll need to know to drive safely and economically United States version shown Canada similar 3 24 ...

Page 141: ... s door to show the old mileage reading when the new odometer was installed Trip Odometer The trip odometer can tell you how far your vehicle has been driven since you last set the trip odometer to zero The trip odometer will appear in place of your regular odometer when you press the TRIP button To reset the trip odometer press and hold the TRIP button To change back to the regular odometer press...

Page 142: ...y If the airbag readiness light stays on after you start the vehicle or comes on when you are driving your airbag system may not work properly Have your vehicle serviced right away CAUTION If the airbag readiness light stays on after you start your vehicle it means the airbag system may not be working properly The airbags in your vehicle may not inflate in a crash or they could even inflate withou...

Page 143: ... such as the radio and air conditioner Voltmeter Gage When your engine is not running but the ignition is on in the RUN position the gage shows your battery s state of charge in DC volts When the engine is running the gage shows the condition of the charging system Readings between the low and high warning zones indicate the normal operating range Readings in the low warning zone may occur when a ...

Page 144: ...king though you need both parts working well If the warning light comes on there could be a brake problem Have your brake system inspected right away This light should come on briefly when you turn the ignition key to RUN If it doesn t come on then have it fixed so it will be ready to warn you if there s a problem If the light comes on while you are driving pull off the road and stop carefully You...

Page 145: ...our regular brakes See Brake System Warning Light earlier in this section The anti lock brake system warning light should come on briefly when you turn the ignition key to RUN If the light doesn t come on then have it fixed so it will be ready to warn you if there is a problem Engine Coolant Temperature Gage This gage shows the engine coolant temperature If the gage pointer moves to the red area y...

Page 146: ...age to your vehicle This system is also designed to assist your service technician in correctly diagnosing any malfunction Notice If you keep driving your vehicle with this light on after awhile your emission controls may not work as well your fuel economy may not be as good and your engine may not run as smoothly This could lead to costly repairs that may not be covered by your warranty Notice Mo...

Page 147: ...ollowing If the light continues to flash when it is safe to do so stop the vehicle Find a safe place to park your vehicle Turn the key off wait at least 10 seconds and restart the engine If the light remains on steady see If the Light Is On Steady following If the light is still flashing follow the previous steps and see your dealer for service as soon as possible If the Light Is On Steady You may...

Page 148: ...tion and Maintenance Programs Some state provincial and local governments have or may begin programs to inspect the emission control equipment on your vehicle Failure to pass this inspection could prevent you from getting a vehicle registration Here are some things you need to know to help your vehicle pass an inspection Your vehicle will not pass this inspection if the SERVICE ENGINE SOON or CHEC...

Page 149: ...e A reading in the low pressure zone may be caused by a dangerously low oil level or other problems causing low oil pressure CAUTION Do not keep driving if the oil pressure is low If you do your engine can become so hot that it catches fire You or others could be burned Check your oil as soon as possible and have your vehicle serviced Notice Lack of proper engine oil maintenance may damage the eng...

Page 150: ...If the light comes on continuously while driving and stays on there may be a problem with the Passlock System Your vehicle will not be protected by Passlock and you should see your GM dealer Highbeam On Light This light will illuminate when the headlamp high beams are in use See Headlamp High Low Beam Changer on page 3 8 Service All Wheel Drive Light This light should come on briefly when you turn...

Page 151: ...ur service technician in correctly diagnosing a malfunction Tow Haul Mode Light This light should come on when the tow haul mode has been selected For more information see Tow Haul Mode in Towing a Trailer on page 4 34 Check Gages Warning Light The CHECK GAGES light will come on briefly when you are starting the engine If the light comes on and stays on while you are driving check your coolant tem...

Page 152: ... gas station the gas pump shuts off before the gage reads full The fuel tank will take either a little more or a little less fuel to fill up than the gage shows The gage moves a little when you turn a corner or speed up The gage doesn t go back to empty when you turn off the ignition Low Fuel Warning Light The LOW FUEL light will come on briefly when you are starting the engine This light comes on...

Page 153: ...d TRIP OFF No driver information is displayed in this mode of operation COMP TEMP Compass Temperature This display provides the outside temperature and one of eight compass readings to indicate the direction the vehicle is facing Before you turn on the ignition and move the vehicle the temperature indicated will be the last outside temperature recorded with the ignition on If the outside temperatu...

Page 154: ...US MET until your zone number appears on the display 5 Press MODE to enter your zone number Your variance is now set and the display will return to the COMP TEMP mode Automatic Compass Calibration The compass is self calibrating so it does not need to be manually set However if C Calibration is displayed the compass will need to be calibrated You may also place the compass in a noncalibrated mode ...

Page 155: ...ce the system is reset Reset can only be performed in the AVG ECON FUEL USED and AVG SPEED modes All three modes are reset simultaneously Audio System s Notice Before adding any sound equipment to your vehicle like a tape player CB radio mobile telephone or two way radio make sure that it can be added by checking with your dealer Also check federal rules covering mobile radio and telephone units I...

Page 156: ...ay Press and hold MN until the correct minute appears on the display To display the time with the ignition off press RECALL HR or MN and the time will appear on the display for a few seconds There is an initial two second delay before the clock goes into the time set mode AM FM Radio Playing the Radio Power Turn the VOLUME knob to turn the system on and off VOLUME Turn this knob to increase or to ...

Page 157: ...21 stations seven FM1 seven FM2 and seven AM can be programmed on the four numbered pushbuttons by performing the following steps 1 Turn the radio on 2 Press AM FM to select FM1 FM2 or AM 3 Tune in the desired station 4 Press SET SET will appear on the display 5 Press one of the four pushbuttons within five seconds Whenever that numbered pushbutton is pressed the station that was set will return 6...

Page 158: ...he control ring behind the lower knob to move the sound toward the front or the rear speakers Radio with CD Playing the Radio PWR Power Press this knob to turn the system on and off VOL Volume Turn this knob to increase or to decrease the volume The knob is capable of rotating continuously RECALL Press this button to switch the display between the radio station frequency and the time When the igni...

Page 159: ... to the next station Press either SEEK arrow again to stop scanning The radio will only seek and scan stations with a strong signal that are in the selected band P SCAN Preset Scan Press this button and the radio will go to the first preset station stored on the pushbuttons play for a few seconds then go on to the next preset station P SCAN will appear on the display Press this button again or one...

Page 160: ...ese knobs to their stored positions when you are not using them Playing a CD Insert a CD partway into the slot label side up The player will pull it in and the CD should begin playing If you want to insert a CD when the ignition is off first press the EJECT button If you insert a CD with the radio off and the ignition on it will start to play If the ignition or radio is turned off with a CD in the...

Page 161: ...isplay FWD 6 Forward Press and hold this pushbutton to advance quickly within a track You will hear sound at a reduced volume Release the pushbutton to play the passage The elapsed time of the track will appear on the display o SEEK p The right arrow is the same as the NEXT pushbutton and the left arrow is the same as the PREV pushbutton If either arrow is held or pressed more than once the player...

Page 162: ...not be corrected contact your dealer If the radio displays an error message write it down and provide it to your dealer when reporting the problem Rear Seat Audio RSA This feature allows rear seat passengers to listen to any of the sources radio and CDs However the rear seat passengers can only control the sources that the front seat passengers are not listening to For example rear seat passengers...

Page 163: ...inactive if the front seat passengers are listening to the radio To scan preset stations press and hold either SEEK arrow until SCAN appears on the radio display The radio will go to a station play for a few seconds then go on to the next station Press either SEEK arrow again to stop scanning This function is inactive if the front seat passengers are listening to the radio When a CD is playing pre...

Page 164: ...If you allow more than 15 seconds to elapse between any steps the radio automatically reverts to time and you must start the procedure over at Step 4 1 Write down any three or four digit number from 000 to 1999 and keep it in a safe place separate from the vehicle 2 Turn the ignition on 3 Turn the radio off 4 Press the 1 and 4 pushbuttons at the same time Hold them down until appears on the displa...

Page 165: ...se or forget your code contact your GM dealer Disabling the Theft Deterrent Feature Enter your secret code as follows pause no more than 15 seconds between steps 1 Turn the ignition on 2 Turn the radio off 3 Press and hold the 1 and 4 pushbuttons at the same time until SEC appears on the display 4 Press MN and 000 will appear on the display 5 Press MN again to make the last two digits agree with y...

Page 166: ...f a CD is soiled dampen a clean soft cloth in a mild neutral detergent solution and clean it wiping from the center to the edge Be sure never to touch the side without writing when handling CDs Pick up CDs by grasping the outer edges or the edge of the hole and the outer edge Care of Your CD Player The use of CD lens cleaners for CD players is not advised due to the risk of contaminating the lens ...

Page 167: ...f Control 4 12 Driving at Night 4 14 Driving in Rain and on Wet Roads 4 15 City Driving 4 18 Freeway Driving 4 19 Before Leaving on a Long Trip 4 20 Highway Hypnosis 4 21 Hill and Mountain Roads 4 21 Winter Driving 4 23 If You Are Stuck In Sand Mud Ice or Snow 4 27 Rocking Your Vehicle to Get It Out 4 28 Loading Your Vehicle 4 28 Towing 4 33 Towing Your Vehicle 4 33 Recreational Vehicle Towing 4 3...

Page 168: ...ions are about the most preventable of accidents Yet they are common Allow enough following distance It is the best defensive driving maneuver in both city and rural driving You never know when the vehicle in front of you is going to brake or turn suddenly Defensive driving requires that a driver concentrate on the driving task Anything that distracts from the driving task such as concentrating on...

Page 169: ...ates nearly half the adult population choose never to drink alcohol so they never drive after drinking For persons under 21 it is against the law in every U S state to drink alcohol There are good medical psychological and developmental reasons for these laws The obvious way to eliminate the leading highway safety problem is for people never to drink alcohol and then drive But what if people do Ho...

Page 170: ...er relative percentage of body water than men Since alcohol is carried in body water this means that a woman generally will reach a higher BAC level than a man of her same body weight will when each has the same number of drinks The law in most U S states and throughout Canada sets the legal limit at 0 08 percent In some other countries the limit is even lower For example it is 0 05 percent in bot...

Page 171: ...t alcohol in a person s system can make crash injuries worse especially injuries to the brain spinal cord or heart This means that when anyone who has been drinking driver or passenger is in a crash that person s chance of being killed or permanently disabled is higher than if the person had not been drinking CAUTION Drinking and then driving is very dangerous Your reflexes perceptions attentivene...

Page 172: ...he road whether it is pavement or gravel the condition of the road wet dry icy tire tread the condition of your brakes the weight of the vehicle and the amount of brake force applied Avoid needless heavy braking Some people drive in spurts heavy acceleration followed by heavy braking rather than keeping pace with traffic This is a mistake Your brakes may not have time to cool between hard stops Yo...

Page 173: ...on This is normal If there is a problem with the anti lock brake system this warning light will stay on See Anti Lock Brake System Warning Light on page 3 29 Let us say the road is wet and you are driving safely Suddenly an animal jumps out in front of you You slam on the brakes and continue braking Here is what happens with ABS A computer senses that wheels are slowing down If one of the wheels i...

Page 174: ... suddenly slows or stops Always leave enough room up ahead to stop even though you have anti lock brakes Using Anti Lock Do not pump the brakes Just hold the brake pedal down firmly and let anti lock work for you You may feel the brakes vibrate or you may notice some noise but this is normal Braking in Emergencies With anti lock you can steer and brake at the same time In many emergencies steering...

Page 175: ... angle at which the curve is banked and your speed While you are in a curve speed is the one factor you can control Suppose you are steering through a sharp curve Then you suddenly accelerate Both control systems steering and acceleration have to do their work where the tires meet the road Adding the sudden acceleration can demand too much of those places You can lose control What should you do if...

Page 176: ...hese First apply your brakes See Braking on page 4 6 It is better to remove as much speed as you can from a possible collision Then steer around the problem to the left or right depending on the space available An emergency like this requires close attention and a quick decision If you are holding the steering wheel at the recommended 9 and 3 o clock positions you can turn it a full 180 degrees ve...

Page 177: ...nother vehicle on a two lane highway is a potentially dangerous move since the passing vehicle occupies the same lane as oncoming traffic for several seconds A miscalculation an error in judgment or a brief surrender to frustration or anger can suddenly put the passing driver face to face with the worst of all traffic accidents the head on collision So here are some tips for passing Drive ahead Lo...

Page 178: ...er your shoulder and check the blind spot Check your mirrors glance over your shoulder and start your left lane change signal before moving out of the right lane to pass When you are far enough ahead of the passed vehicle to see its front in your inside mirror activate your right lane change signal and move back into the right lane Remember that your right outside mirror is convex The vehicle you ...

Page 179: ...cle to go If you start steering quickly enough your vehicle may straighten out Always be ready for a second skid if it occurs Of course traction is reduced when water snow ice gravel or other material is on the road For safety you will want to slow down and adjust your driving to these conditions It is important to slow down on slippery surfaces because stopping distance will be longer and vehicle...

Page 180: ...our headlamps can light up only so much road ahead In remote areas watch for animals If you are tired pull off the road in a safe place and rest No one can see as well at night as in the daytime But as we get older these differences increase A 50 year old driver may require at least twice as much light to see the same thing at night as a 20 year old What you do in the daytime can also affect your ...

Page 181: ...eatedly Remember that your headlamps light up far less of a roadway when you are in a turn or curve Keep your eyes moving that way it is easier to pick out dimly lighted objects Just as your headlamps should be checked regularly for proper aim so should your eyes be examined regularly Some drivers suffer from night blindness the inability to see in dim light and are not even aware of it Driving in...

Page 182: ...large water puddles or even going through some car washes can cause problems too The water may affect your brakes Try to avoid puddles But if you cannot try to slow down before you hit them CAUTION Wet brakes can cause accidents They will not work as well in a quick stop and may cause pulling to one side You could lose control of the vehicle After driving through a large puddle of water or a car w...

Page 183: ...r that is slightly lower than the underbody of your vehicle If you cannot avoid deep puddles or standing water drive through them very slowly Driving Through Flowing Water CAUTION Flowing or rushing water creates strong forces If you try to drive through flowing water as you might at a low water crossing your vehicle can be carried away As little as six inches of flowing water can carry away a sma...

Page 184: ...ty map and plan your trip into an unknown part of the city just as you would for a cross country trip Try to use the freeways that rim and crisscross most large cities You will save time and energy See Freeway Driving on page 4 19 Treat a green light as a warning signal A traffic light is there because the corner is busy enough to need it When a light turns green and just before you start to move ...

Page 185: ...ve a clear view of the freeway as you drive along the entrance ramp you should begin to check traffic Try to determine where you expect to blend with the flow Try to merge into the gap at close to the prevailing speed Switch on your turn signal check your mirrors and glance over your shoulder as often as necessary Try to blend smoothly with the traffic flow Once you are on the freeway adjust your ...

Page 186: ...ey Wear comfortable clothing and shoes you can easily drive in Is your vehicle ready for a long trip If you keep it serviced and maintained it is ready to go If it needs service have it done before starting out Of course you will find experienced and able service experts in GM dealerships all across North America They will be ready and willing to help if you need it Here are some things you can ch...

Page 187: ...eave the road in less than a second and you could crash and be injured What can you do about highway hypnosis First be aware that it can happen Then here are some tips Make sure your vehicle is well ventilated with a comfortably cool interior Keep your eyes moving Scan the road ahead and to the sides Check your mirrors and your instruments frequently If you get sleepy pull off the road into a rest...

Page 188: ...r with the ignition off is dangerous Your brakes will have to do all the work of slowing down They could get so hot that they would not work well You would then have poor braking or even none going down a hill You could crash Always have your engine running and your vehicle in gear when you go downhill Know how to go uphill You may want to shift down to a lower gear The lower gears help cool your ...

Page 189: ... an ice scraper a small brush or broom a supply of windshield washer fluid a rag some winter outer clothing a small shovel a flashlight a red cloth and reflective warning triangles And if you will be driving under severe conditions include a small bag of sand a piece of old carpet or a couple of burlap bags to help provide traction Be sure you properly secure these items in your vehicle 4 23 ...

Page 190: ...and will need to be very careful What is the worst time for this Wet ice Very cold snow or ice can be slick and hard to drive on But wet ice can be even more trouble because it may offer the least traction of all You can get wet ice when it is about freezing 32 F 0 C and freezing rain begins to fall Try to avoid driving on wet ice until salt and sand crews can get there Whatever the condition smoo...

Page 191: ...atches may appear in shaded areas where the sun cannot reach around clumps of trees behind buildings or under bridges Sometimes the surface of a curve or an overpass may remain icy when the surrounding roads are clear If you see a patch of ice ahead of you brake before you are on it Try not to brake while you are actually on the ice and avoid sudden steering maneuvers If You Are Caught in a Blizza...

Page 192: ...n your vehicle Clear away snow from around the base of your vehicle especially any that is blocking your exhaust pipe And check around again from time to time to be sure snow does not collect there Open a window just a little on the side of the vehicle that is away from the wind This will help keep CO out Run your engine only as long as you must This saves fuel When you run the engine make it go a...

Page 193: ...ast The method known as rocking can help you get out when you are stuck but you must use caution CAUTION If you let your tires spin at high speed they can explode and you or others could be injured And the transmission or other parts of the vehicle can overheat That could cause an engine compartment fire or other damage When you are stuck spin the wheels as little as possible Do not spin the wheel...

Page 194: ... need to be towed out see Towing Your Vehicle on page 4 33 Loading Your Vehicle It is very important to know how much weight your vehicle can carry This weight is called the vehicle capacity weight and includes the weight of all occupants cargo and all nonfactory installed options Two labels on your vehicle show how much weight it may properly carry the Tire and Loading Information label and the C...

Page 195: ...on the vehicle Certification Tire label It tells you the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating GVWR and the Gross Axle Weight Rating GAWR for the front and rear axle See Certification Tire Label later in this section Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1 Locate the statement The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX pounds on your vehicle s placard 2 Determine the com...

Page 196: ...ansferred to your vehicle Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle See Towing a Trailer on page 4 34 for important information on towing a trailer towing safety rules and trailering tips Item Description Total A Vehicle Capacity Weight for Example 1 1 000 lbs 453 kg B Subtract Occupant Weight 150 lbs 68 kg 2 300 lbs 136 kg C Av...

Page 197: ...pacity Weight for Example 3 1 000 lbs 453 kg B Subtract Occupant Weight 200 lbs 91 kg 5 1 000 lbs 453 kg C Available Cargo Weight 0 lbs 0 kg Refer to your vehicle s tire and loading information label for specific information about your vehicle s capacity weight and seating positions The combined weight of the driver passengers and cargo should never exceed your vehicle s capacity weight Example 2 ...

Page 198: ... need to go to a weigh station and weigh your vehicle Your dealer can help you with this Be sure to spread out your load equally on both sides of the centerline Never exceed the GVWR for your vehicle or the GAWR for either the front or rear axle And if you do have a heavy load you should spread it out CAUTION Do not load your vehicle any heavier than the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating GVWR or either ...

Page 199: ... it whenever you can Do not leave a seat folded down unless you need to Trailering Package There is a load rating which includes the weight of the vehicle and the trailer it tows This rating is called the Gross Combination Weight Rating GCWR When you weigh your trailer be sure to include the weight of everything you put in it And remember to figure the weight of the people inside the vehicle as pa...

Page 200: ...hicle was not designed to be towed with any of its wheels on the ground If your vehicle must be towed it should be placed on a platform trailer Towing a Trailer CAUTION If you do not use the correct equipment and drive properly you can lose control when you pull a trailer For example if the trailer is too heavy the brakes may not work well or even at all You and your passengers could be seriously ...

Page 201: ...iler If you do here are some important points There are many different laws including speed limit restrictions having to do with trailering Make sure your rig will be legal not only where you live but also where you ll be driving A good source for this information can be state or provincial police Consider using a sway control See Hitches later in this section Don t tow a trailer at all during the...

Page 202: ...l be on Tow haul mode will turn off automatically when the ignition is turned off See Tow Haul Mode Light on page 3 35 Tow haul is most effective when the vehicle and trailer combined weight is at least 75 percent of the vehicle s Gross Combined Weight Rating GCWR See Weight of the Trailer later in this section Driving with tow haul activated without a heavy load will cause reduced fuel economy an...

Page 203: ... 9 500 4309 10 000 4536 The Gross Combined Weight Rating GCWR is the total allowable weight of the completely loaded vehicle and trailer including any passengers cargo equipment and conversion The GCWR for your vehicle should not be exceeded You can ask your dealer for our trailering information or advice or you can write us at the address listed in your Warranty and Owner Assistance Information B...

Page 204: ...must add the tongue load to the GVW because your vehicle will be carrying that weight too See Loading Your Vehicle on page 4 28 for more information about your vehicle s maximum load capacity The trailer tongue weight A should be 10 percent to 15 percent of the total loaded trailer weight up to a maximum of 200 lbs 92 kg with a weight carrying hitch The trailer tongue weight A should be 10 percent...

Page 205: ...use a weight distributing hitch make sure you don t go over the rear axle limit before you apply the weight distribution spring bars Hitches It s important to have the correct hitch equipment Crosswinds large trucks going by and rough roads are a few reasons why you ll need the right hitch Weight Distributing Hitches and Weight Carrying Hitches When using a weight distributing hitch the hitch must...

Page 206: ...the tongue from contacting the road if it becomes separated from the hitch Instructions about safety chains may be provided by the hitch manufacturer or by the trailer manufacturer Follow the manufacturer s recommendation for attaching safety chains and do not attach them to the bumper Always leave just enough slack so you can turn with your rig Never allow safety chains to drag on the ground Trai...

Page 207: ...culates the air inside your vehicle See Climate Control System in the Index Towing a trailer requires a certain amount of experience Before setting out for the open road you ll want to get to know your rig Acquaint yourself with the feel of handling and braking with the added weight of the trailer And always keep in mind that the vehicle you are driving is now a good deal longer and not nearly as ...

Page 208: ...come in contact with the vehicle Your vehicle could be damaged Avoid making very sharp turns while trailering When you re turning with a trailer make wider turns than normal Do this so your trailer won t strike soft shoulders curbs road signs trees or other objects Avoid jerky or sudden maneuvers Signal well in advance Turn Signals When Towing a Trailer When you tow a trailer your vehicle has to h...

Page 209: ... signs similar to engine overheating To avoid this let the engine run while parked preferably on level ground with the transmission in PARK P for a few minutes before turning the engine off If you do get the overheat warning see Engine Overheating on page 5 28 Parking on Hills CAUTION You really should not park your vehicle with a trailer attached on a hill If something goes wrong your rig could s...

Page 210: ...r Towing Your vehicle will need service more often when you re pulling a trailer See the Maintenance Schedule for more on this Things that are especially important in trailer operation are automatic transmission fluid don t overfill engine oil axle lubricant belt cooling system and brake system Each of these is covered in this manual and the Index will help you find them quickly If you re traileri...

Page 211: ...ags on the ground The eight wire harness must be routed out of your vehicle between the rear door and the floor with enough of the harness left on both sides so that the trailer or the body won t pull it If you do not have the optional trailering package your vehicle will still have a trailering harness The harness is located near the passenger s side rear wheel well It consists of six wires that ...

Page 212: ... NOTES 4 46 ...

Page 213: ...ooling System 5 30 Engine Fan Noise 5 35 Power Steering Fluid 5 36 Windshield Washer Fluid 5 37 Brakes 5 38 Battery 5 42 Jump Starting 5 42 All Wheel Drive 5 47 Rear Axle 5 48 Front Axle 5 49 Bulb Replacement 5 50 Halogen Bulbs 5 50 Headlamps and Sidemarker Lamps 5 50 Front Turn Signal and Parking Lamps 5 54 Taillamps Turn Signal Stoplamps and Back up Lamps 5 55 Replacement Bulbs 5 56 Windshield W...

Page 214: ...ses 5 88 Finish Care 5 88 Windshield and Wiper Blades 5 89 Aluminum Wheels 5 90 Tires 5 90 Sheet Metal Damage 5 91 Finish Damage 5 91 Underbody Maintenance 5 91 Chemical Paint Spotting 5 91 Vehicle Care Appearance Materials 5 92 Vehicle Identification 5 93 Vehicle Identification Number VIN 5 93 Service Parts Identification Label 5 93 Electrical System 5 94 Add On Electrical Equipment 5 94 Headlamp...

Page 215: ...want to keep your GM vehicle all GM Genuine GM parts have one of these marks California Proposition 65 Warning Most motor vehicles including this one contain and or emit chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm Engine exhaust many parts and systems including some inside the vehicle many fluids and some component wear by products contai...

Page 216: ... 69 You should keep a record with all parts receipts and list the mileage and the date of any service work you perform See Part E Maintenance Record on page 6 31 CAUTION You can be injured and your vehicle could be damaged if you try to do service work on a vehicle without knowing enough about it Be sure you have sufficient knowledge experience the proper replacement parts and tools before you att...

Page 217: ...87 octane or higher as soon as possible Otherwise you might damage your engine A little pinging noise when you accelerate or drive uphill is considered normal This does not indicate a problem exists or that a higher octane fuel is necessary If you are using 87 octane or higher octane fuel and hear heavy knocking your engine needs service Gasoline Specifications It is recommended that gasoline meet...

Page 218: ... in the United States are now required to contain additives that will help prevent engine and fuel system deposits from forming allowing your emission control system to work properly In most cases you should not have to add anything to your fuel However some gasolines contain only the minimum amount of additive required to meet U S Environmental Protection Agency regulations General Motors recomme...

Page 219: ... the use of such gasolines Fuels containing MMT can reduce the life of spark plugs and the performance of the emission control system may be affected The malfunction indicator lamp may turn on If this occurs return to your authorized GM dealer for service Fuels in Foreign Countries If you plan on driving in another country outside the United States or Canada the proper fuel may be hard to find Nev...

Page 220: ...rials away from fuel Do not leave the fuel pump unattended when refueling your vehicle this is against the law in some places Keep children away from the fuel pump never let children pump fuel The tethered fuel cap is located behind a hinged fuel door on the driver s side of the vehicle To remove the fuel cap turn it slowly to the left counterclockwise The fuel cap has a spring in it if the cap is...

Page 221: ...he fuel cap turn it to the right clockwise until it clicks Make sure the cap is fully installed The diagnostic system can determine if the fuel cap has been left off or improperly installed This would allow fuel to evaporate into the atmosphere See Malfunction Indicator Lamp on page 3 30 CAUTION If a fire starts while you are refueling do not remove the nozzle Shut off the flow of fuel by shutting...

Page 222: ...fill nozzle in contact with the inside of the fill opening before operating the nozzle Contact should be maintained until the filling is complete Do not smoke while pumping gasoline Checking Things Under the Hood CAUTION An electric fan under the hood can start up and injure you even when the engine is not running Keep hands clothing and tools away from any underhood electric fan CAUTION Things th...

Page 223: ...e and release the secondary hood release 3 Lift the hood release the hood prop from its retainer and put the hood prop into the slot marked PROP ROD Before closing the hood be sure all the filler caps are on properly Then lift the hood to relieve pressure on the hood prop and remove the hood prop from the slot in the hood Return the prop to its retainer and pull the hood down Then close the hood f...

Page 224: ...Engine Compartment Overview When you open the hood you will see the following 5 12 ...

Page 225: ...rder to get an accurate reading the oil must be warm and the vehicle must be on level ground The engine oil dipstick handle is a yellow loop See Engine Compartment Overview on page 5 12 for the location of the engine oil dipstick 1 Turn off the engine and give the oil several minutes to drain back into the oil pan If you do not do this the oil dipstick might not show the actual level 2 Pull out th...

Page 226: ...l to put the level somewhere in the proper operating range Push the dipstick all the way back in when you are through What Kind of Engine Oil to Use Look for two things GM6094M Your vehicle s engine requires oil meeting GM Standard GM6094M You should look for and use only an oil that meets GM Standard GM6094M 5 14 ...

Page 227: ...Use only engine oil identified as meeting GM Standard GM6094M and showing the American Petroleum Institute Certified For Gasoline Engines starburst symbol Failure to use the recommended oil can result in engine damage not covered by your warranty GM Goodwrench oil meets all the requirements for your vehicle If you are in an area of extreme cold where the temperature falls below 20 F 29 C it is rec...

Page 228: ... km or 12 months whichever occurs first Driving a vehicle with a fully warmed engine under highway conditions will cause engine oil to break down slower What to Do with Used Oil Used engine oil contains certain elements that may be unhealthy for your skin and could even cause cancer Do not let used oil stay on your skin for very long Clean your skin and nails with soap and water or a good hand cle...

Page 229: ... Move both front seats as far back as they will go 2 Remove the instrument panel extension by removing the two nuts that secure it in place The nuts are located at the bottom of the extension on the driver s and passenger s side corners 5 17 ...

Page 230: ...3 Remove the screws located near the top on each side of the extension Grasp the extension from both sides and gently remove it 4 Disconnect the electrical connectors and set the extension aside 5 18 ...

Page 231: ...emove it 6 Loosen the two bolts on the engine cover The bolts are not supposed to come out of the cover only from the front of the dash When removing the cover be careful not to damage the instrument panel or the trim 7 Disconnect the AM radio ground strap 5 19 ...

Page 232: ...hten the two bolts located on the engine cover to reinstall the cover to the front of the dash 3 Put the heater duct over the engine cover studs Push up on the duct gently until it snaps into place 4 Reconnect the electrical connectors 5 Reconnect the AM radio ground strap 6 Reinstall the engine cover extension by gently squeezing the sides and sliding it into place Make sure all of the fastener c...

Page 233: ...ion of the engine air cleaner filter When to Inspect the Engine Air Cleaner Filter Inspect the engine air cleaner filter every 15 000 miles 25 000 km and replace every 45 000 miles 75 000 km If you are driving in dusty dirty conditions inspect the filter at each engine oil change 5 21 ...

Page 234: ... 4 Replace the cover 5 Snap both clips to secure the cover CAUTION Operating the engine with the air cleaner filter off can cause you or others to be burned The air cleaner not only cleans the air it helps to stop flame if the engine backfires If it is not there and the engine backfires you could be burned Do not drive with it off and be careful working on the engine with the air cleaner filter of...

Page 235: ...ration can be a little difficult you may choose to have this done at the dealership service department If you do it yourself be sure to follow all the instructions here or you could get a false reading on the dipstick Notice Too much or too little fluid can damage your transmission Too much can mean that some of the fluid could come out and fall on hot engine part or exhaust system parts starting ...

Page 236: ...ve you a more accurate reading of the fluid level Checking the Fluid Level Prepare your vehicle as follows Park your vehicle on a level place Keep the engine running With the parking brake applied place the shift lever in PARK P With your foot on the brake pedal move the shift lever through each gear range pausing for about three seconds in each range Then position the shift lever in PARK P Let th...

Page 237: ...vel up to the HOT area for a hot check 1 Pull out the dipstick 2 Using a funnel add fluid down the transmission dipstick tube only after checking the transmission fluid while it is hot A cold check is used only as a reference It does not take much fluid generally less than one pint 0 5 L Do not overfill Notice Use of automatic transmission fluid labeled other than DEXRON III Approved for the H Spe...

Page 238: ...o 34 F 37 C Give boiling protection up to 265 F 129 C Protect against rust and corrosion Help keep the proper engine temperature Let the warning lights and gages work as they should Notice Using coolant other than DEX COOL may cause premature engine heater core or radiator corrosion In addition the engine coolant may require changing sooner at 30 000 miles 50 000 km or 24 months whichever occurs f...

Page 239: ...r cost would not be covered by your warranty Too much water in the mixture can freeze and crack the engine radiator heater core and other parts If you have to add coolant more than four times a year have your dealer check your cooling system Notice If you use the proper coolant you do not have to add extra inhibitors or additives which claim to improve the system These can be harmful Checking Cool...

Page 240: ...thylene glycol and it will burn if the engine parts are hot enough Do not spill coolant on a hot engine Occasionally check the coolant level in the radiator For information on how to add coolant to the radiator see Cooling System on page 5 30 Radiator Pressure Cap Notice If the pressure cap is not tightly installed coolant loss and possible engine damage may occur Be sure the cap is properly and t...

Page 241: ...covered by your warranty If No Steam Is Coming From Your Engine If you get an engine overheat warning but see or hear no steam the problem may not be too serious Sometimes the engine can get a little too hot when you Climb a long hill on a hot day Stop after high speed driving Idle for long periods in traffic Tow a trailer See Driving on Grades under Towing a Trailer on page 4 34 If you get the ov...

Page 242: ...fast as normal idle speed for at least three minutes while you are parked If you still have the warning turn off the engine and get everyone out of the vehicle until it cools down You may decide not to lift the hood but to get service help right away Cooling System When you decide it is safe to lift the hood here is what you will see A Coolant Recovery Tank B Radiator Pressure Cap C Engine Cooling...

Page 243: ...ngine it could lose all coolant That could cause an engine fire and you could be burned Get any leak fixed before you drive the vehicle If there seems to be no leak start the engine again The engine cooling fan speed should increase when idle speed is doubled by pushing the accelerator pedal down If it does not your vehicle needs service Turn off the engine Notice Engine damage from running your e...

Page 244: ...diator heater core and other parts Use the recommended coolant and the proper coolant mixture If you have not found a problem yet but the coolant level is not at the ADD mark add a 50 50 mixture of clean drinkable water and DEX COOL engine coolant at the coolant recovery tank See Engine Coolant on page 5 26 for more information CAUTION You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot engine parts Coo...

Page 245: ...ure cap to cool if you ever have to turn the pressure cap How to Add Coolant to the Radiator 1 You can remove the radiator pressure cap when the cooling system including the radiator pressure cap and upper radiator hose is no longer hot Turn the pressure cap slowly counterclockwise until it first stops Do not press down while turning the pressure cap If you hear a hiss wait for that to stop A hiss...

Page 246: ... to the base of the filler neck See Engine Coolant on page 5 26 for more information about the proper coolant mixture 4 Then fill the coolant recovery tank to the ADD mark 5 Put the cap back on the coolant recovery tank but leave the radiator pressure cap off 5 34 ...

Page 247: ...e This vehicle has a clutched engine cooling fan When the clutch is engaged the fan spins faster to provide more air to cool the engine In most everyday driving conditions the clutch is not fully engaged This improves fuel economy and reduces fan noise Under heavy vehicle loading trailer towing and or high outside temperatures the fan speed increases when the clutch engages So you may hear an incr...

Page 248: ...eering fluid do the following 1 Turn the key off and let the engine compartment cool down 2 Wipe the cap and the top of the reservoir clean 3 Unscrew the cap and wipe the dipstick with a clean rag 4 Replace the cap and completely tighten it 5 Remove the cap again and look at the fluid level on the dipstick The level should be at the FULL COLD mark If necessary add only enough fluid to bring the le...

Page 249: ...n page 5 12 for reservoir location Notice When using concentrated washer fluid follow the manufacturer s instructions for adding water Do not mix water with ready to use washer fluid Water can cause the solution to freeze and damage your washer fluid tank and other parts of the washer system Also water does not clean as well as washer fluid Fill your washer fluid tank only three quarters full when...

Page 250: ...ll not work well or will not work at all So it is not a good idea to top off your brake fluid Adding brake fluid will not correct a leak If you add fluid when your linings are worn then you will have too much fluid when you get new brake linings You should add or remove brake fluid as necessary only when work is done on the brake hydraulic system CAUTION If you have too much brake fluid it can spi...

Page 251: ... the cap Just look at the brake fluid reservoir The fluid level should be above MIN If it is not have your brake system checked to see if there is a leak After work is done on the brake hydraulic system make sure the level is above the MIN but not over the MAX mark 5 39 ...

Page 252: ...em parts For example just a few drops of mineral based oil such as engine oil in your brake system can damage brake system parts so badly that they will have to be replaced Do not let someone put in the wrong kind of fluid If you spill brake fluid on your vehicle s painted surfaces the paint finish can be damaged Be careful not to spill brake fluid on your vehicle If you do wash it off immediately...

Page 253: ...ler if the brake pedal does not return to normal height or if there is a rapid increase in pedal travel This could be a sign of brake trouble Brake Adjustment Every time you make a brake stop your disc brakes adjust for wear Replacing Brake System Parts The braking system on a vehicle is complex Its many parts have to be of top quality and work well together if the vehicle is to have really good b...

Page 254: ...after handling Vehicle Storage If you are not going to drive your vehicle for 25 days or more remove the black negative cable from the battery This will help keep your battery from running down CAUTION Batteries have acid that can burn you and gas that can explode You can be badly hurt if you are not careful See Jump Starting on page 5 42 for tips on working around a battery without getting hurt A...

Page 255: ...negative ground system Notice If the other vehicle s system is not a 12 volt system with a negative ground both vehicles can be damaged Only use vehicles with 12 volt systems with negative grounds to jump start your vehicle 2 Get the vehicles close enough so the jumper cables can reach but be sure the vehicles are not touching each other If they are it could cause a ground connection you do not wa...

Page 256: ... locate the batteries Find the positive and negative terminals on each battery CAUTION Using a match near a battery can cause battery gas to explode People have been hurt doing this and some have been blinded Use a flashlight if you need more light Be sure the battery has enough water You do not need to add water to the battery installed in your new vehicle But if a battery has filler caps be sure...

Page 257: ...ry and maybe other parts too And do not connect the negative cable to the negative terminal on the dead battery because this can cause sparks 6 Connect the red positive cable to the positive terminal of the vehicle with the dead battery Use a remote positive terminal if the vehicle has one 7 Do not let the other end touch metal Connect it to the positive terminal of the good battery Use a remote p...

Page 258: ...ith the dead battery If it will not start after a few tries it probably needs service Notice If the jumper cables are removed in the wrong order electrical shorting may occur and damage the vehicle The repairs would not be covered by your warranty Remove the jumper cables in the correct order making sure that the cables do not touch each other or other metal A Heavy Unpainted Metal Engine Part or ...

Page 259: ...dditional systems that need lubrication Transfer Case When to Check Lubricant Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine how often to check the lubricant See Part C Periodic Maintenance Inspections on page 6 28 How to Check Lubricant To get an accurate reading the vehicle should be on a level surface If the level is below the bottom of the filler plug hole you ll need to add some lubricant Add...

Page 260: ...t To get an accurate reading the vehicle should be on a level surface If the level is below the bottom of the filler plug hole you ll need to add some lubricant Add enough lubricant to raise the level to the bottom of the filler plug hole What to Use Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine what kind of lubricant to use See Part D Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 6 29 5 48 ...

Page 261: ...e If the level is below the bottom of the filler plug hole you may need to add some lubricant When the differential is cold add enough lubricant to raise the level to 1 2 inch 12 mm below the filler plug hole When the differential is at operating temperature warm add enough lubricant to raise the level to the bottom of the filler plug hole What to Use Refer to the Maintenance Schedule to determine...

Page 262: ...n contact your dealer Halogen Bulbs CAUTION Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas inside and can burst if you drop or scratch the bulb You or others could be injured Be sure to read and follow the instructions on the bulb package Headlamps and Sidemarker Lamps Sealed Beam Headlamp 1 Remove the four retainer screws and the retainer from the headlamp 5 50 ...

Page 263: ...Plug the new lamp into the connector 4 Reverse Steps 1 and 2 to reinstall the headlamp Composite Headlamps 1 Open the hood See Hood Release on page 5 11 for more information 2 Remove the two screws from the sidemarker turn signal lamp assembly 5 51 ...

Page 264: ...pulling it out and disconnecting the sidemarker turn signal lamp sockets from the lamp Replace the sidemarker turn signal bulb with a new one if it needs to be replaced 4 Remove the screw located behind the corner reflector to remove the entire corner reflector 5 52 ...

Page 265: ...assembly 6 Remove the composite assembly 7 Turn the halogen bulb counterclockwise to remove it from the assembly 8 Install the new bulb into the composite assembly by turning it clockwise until it is completely tightened 9 Reinstall the composite assembly by installing and tightening all of the screws previously removed 5 53 ...

Page 266: ...on the side of the lamp socket while turning the socket counterclockwise 4 Pull the socket out of the lamp assembly 5 Pull the bulb from the socket 6 Gently push the new bulb into the socket 7 Put the socket back into the lamp assembly and turn it clockwise until it locks 8 Put the parking turn signal lamp assembly back into the vehicle and tighten the screws 5 54 ...

Page 267: ...n Signal Stoplamps and Back up Lamps 1 Open the rear door See Rear Doors on page 2 11 for more information 2 Remove the two screws from behind the door 3 Pull out the taillamp assembly so you can see the socket 5 55 ...

Page 268: ...ove the old bulb from the socket and replace it with a new one 6 Reverse Steps 1 through 4 to reinstall the taillamp Replacement Bulbs Exterior Lamp Bulb Number Back Up Lamps 1156 Headlamps Composite High Beam 9005 Composite Low Beam 9006 Sealed Beam Headlamps H6054 Parking Turn Signal Lamps 3157NA Sidemarker Lamps 194 Stoplamps 2057 For replacement bulbs not listed here contact your dealer 5 56 ...

Page 269: ...he following 1 Lift the wiper arm away from the windshield 2 Pinch the two tabs on the wiper arm and slide the insert out of the blade 3 Slide the new one in place Make sure the tabs are locked into position See Normal Maintenance Replacement Parts on page 5 102 for the proper type of replacement blade Rear Window Wiper Blade Replacement If your vehicle is equipped with a rear window wiper blade f...

Page 270: ... too much friction You could have an air out and a serious accident See Loading Your Vehicle on page 4 28 Underinflated tires pose the same danger as overloaded tires The resulting accident could cause serious injury Check all tires frequently to maintain the recommended pressure Tire pressure should be checked when your tires are cold See Inflation Tire Pressure on page 5 64 Overinflated tires ar...

Page 271: ... code indicates that the tire is in compliance with the U S Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Safety Standards D Tire Identification Number TIN The letters and numbers following DOT Department of Transportation code is the Tire Identification Number TIN The TIN shows the manufacturer and plant code tire size and date the tire was manufactured The TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire ...

Page 272: ... TIN is molded onto both sides of the tire although only one side may have the date of manufacture D Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit Maximum load that can be carried and the maximum pressure needed to support that load E Tire Inflation The temporary use tire or compact spare tire should be inflated to 60 psi 420 kPa For more information on tire pressure and inflation see Inflation Tire Pressure ...

Page 273: ...tter R means radial ply construction the letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction and the letter B means belted bias ply construction E Rim Diameter Diameter of the wheel in inches F Service Description These characters represent the load range and speed rating of the tire The load index represents the load carry capacity a tire is certified to carry The load index can range from 1 to 279 ...

Page 274: ...so identify the tire manufacturer production plant brand and date of production GVWR Gross Vehicle Weight Rating see Loading Your Vehicle on page 4 28 GAWR FRT Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front axle see Loading Your Vehicle on page 4 28 GAWR RR Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear axle see Loading Your Vehicle on page 4 28 Intended Outboard Sidewall The side of an asymmetrical tire that must...

Page 275: ...t which a tire can operate Traction The friction between the tire and the road surface The amount of grip provided Tread The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road Treadwear Indicators Narrow bands sometimes called wear bars that show across the tread of a tire when only 1 16 inch 1 6 mm of tread remains See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 5 66 UTQGS Uniform Tire Quality Gra...

Page 276: ...s when they are cold The recommended cold tire inflation pressure shown on the label is the minimum amount of air pressure needed to support your vehicle s maximum load carrying capacity For additional information regarding how much weight your vehicle can carry and an example of the tire and loading information label see Loading Your Vehicle on page 4 28 How you load your vehicle affects vehicle ...

Page 277: ...elp prevent leaks by keeping out dirt and moisture Tire Inspection and Rotation Tires should be rotated every 5 000 to 8 000 miles 8 000 to 13 000 km Any time you notice unusual wear rotate your tires as soon as possible and check wheel alignment Also check for damaged tires or wheels See When It Is Time for New Tires on page 5 66 and Wheel Replacement on page 5 70 for more information Make sure t...

Page 278: ...er towel to do this but be sure to use a scraper or wire brush later if you need to to get all the rust or dirt off See Changing a Flat Tire on page 5 72 When It Is Time for New Tires One way to tell when it s time for new tires is to check the treadwear indicators which will appear when your tires have only 1 16 inch 1 6 mm or less of tread remaining Some commercial truck tires may not have tread...

Page 279: ...owed by an MS for mud and snow If you ever replace your tires with those not having a TPC Spec number make sure they are the same size load range speed rating and construction type bias bias belted or radial as your original tires CAUTION Mixing tires could cause you to lose control while driving If you mix tires of different sizes or types radial and bias belted tires the vehicle may not handle p...

Page 280: ...y requirements and additional General Motors Tire Performance Criteria TPC standards Treadwear The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course For example a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half 1 5 times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100 The relative performance of ...

Page 281: ... and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law Warning The temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded Excessive speed underinflation or excessive loading either separately or in combination can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance The whe...

Page 282: ...hem only with new GM original equipment parts This way you will be sure to have the right wheel wheel bolts and wheel nuts for your vehicle CAUTION Using the wrong replacement wheels wheel bolts or wheel nuts on your vehicle can be dangerous It could affect the braking and handling of your vehicle make your tires lose air and make you lose control You could have a collision in which you or others ...

Page 283: ...uctions If you can hear the chains contacting your vehicle stop and retighten them If the contact continues slow down until it stops Driving too fast or spinning the wheels with chains on will damage your vehicle If a Tire Goes Flat It s unusual for a tire to blowout while you re driving especially if you maintain your tires properly If air goes out of a tire it s much more likely to leak out slow...

Page 284: ... be badly injured or killed if the vehicle slips off the jack Use the jack provided with your vehicle only for changing a flat tire If a tire goes flat the next part shows how to use your jacking equipment to change a flat tire safely Changing a Flat Tire If a tire goes flat avoid further tire and wheel damage by driving slowly to a level place Turn on your hazard warning flashers CAUTION Changing...

Page 285: ...u have a flat tire use the following example as a guide to assist you in the placement of wheel blocks The following information will tell you next how to use the jack and change a tire Removing the Spare Tire and Tools The jacking equipment you ll need is stored by your vehicle s rear doors along the passenger s side wall 1 Remove the jack cover by pulling it away from the side wall and down to r...

Page 286: ...ift it from the mounting Remove the extension and the ratchet from the pouch Notice If you remove or restow a tire from to the storage position under the vehicle when it is supported by a jack you could damage the tire and or your vehicle Always remove or restow a tire when the vehicle is on the ground Your compact spare tire is stored underneath the rear of your vehicle You will use the ratchet a...

Page 287: ...and a flat chisel end 5 Put the flat end of the extension on an angle through the hole in the rear door frame above the bumper Be sure the flat end connects into the hoist shaft 6 Turn the ratchet counterclockwise to lower the compact spare tire to the ground Keep turning the ratchet until the spare tire can be pulled out from under the vehicle 5 75 ...

Page 288: ...ble has been reinstalled you could damage your vehicle Always reinstall this cable before driving your vehicle The tools you ll be using include the jack A wheel blocks B extension C and ratchet D Removing the Flat Tire and Installing the Spare Tire If your vehicle has plastic wheel nut caps loosen them by turning the wheel wrench counterclockwise The wheel nut caps are designed to remain with the...

Page 289: ... a vehicle when it is supported only by a jack CAUTION Raising your vehicle with the jack improperly positioned can damage the vehicle and even make the vehicle fall To help avoid personal injury and vehicle damage be sure to fit the jack lift head into the proper location before raising the vehicle 2 With the DOWN side facing you turn the ratchet and socket to loosen all the wheel nuts counterclo...

Page 290: ...6 Position the jack under the vehicle Use the above diagram to locate the general positions for placing the jack A Front Jack Location B Jack C Ratchet and Extension Front Position 5 78 ...

Page 291: ... Extension 7 Raise the vehicle by turning the ratchet clockwise Make sure the UP mark faces you Raise the vehicle far enough off the ground so there is enough room for the compact spare tire to fit underneath the wheel well Rear Position 5 79 ...

Page 292: ...laces where the wheel attaches to the vehicle In an emergency you can use a cloth or a paper towel to do this but be sure to use a scraper or wire brush later if you need to to get all the rust or dirt off 9 Remove any rust or dirt from the wheel bolts mounting surfaces and spare wheel CAUTION Never use oil or grease on studs or nuts If you do the nuts might come loose Your wheel could fall off ca...

Page 293: ...Lower the jack completely CAUTION Incorrect wheel nuts or improperly tightened wheel nuts can cause the wheel to come loose and even come off This could lead to an accident Be sure to use the correct wheel nuts If you have to replace them be sure to get new GM original equipment wheel nuts Stop somewhere as soon as you can and have the nuts tightened with a torque wrench to the proper torque speci...

Page 294: ... not try to put a wheel cover center cap or lug nut caps on your compact spare tire They will not fit Store the wheel cover center cap or lug nut caps in the trunk until you have the flat tire repaired or replaced Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools CAUTION Storing a jack a tire or other equipment in the passenger compartment of the vehicle could cause injury In a sudden stop or collision loose...

Page 295: ...torage instructions label to restore your compact spare properly 4 Raise the tire fully against the underside of the vehicle by turning the ratchet wheel wrench until you hear two clicks or feel it skip twice The spare tire hoist cannot be overtightened 5 Make sure the tire is stored securely Push and pull A and then try to turn B the tire If the tire moves use the ratchet wheel wrench to tighten ...

Page 296: ...pact spare can get caught on the rails That can damage the tire and wheel and maybe other parts of your vehicle Don t use your compact spare on other vehicles And don t mix your compact spare tire or wheel with other wheels or tires They won t fit Keep your spare tire and its wheel together Notice Tire chains will not fit your compact spare Using them can damage your vehicle and can damage the cha...

Page 297: ...f any excess stain Use a clean cloth or sponge and change to a clean area often A soft brush may be used if stains are stubborn To avoid forming a ring on fabric after spot cleaning clean the entire area immediately or it will set Most stains can be removed with club soda water To clean use the following instructions 1 For liquids blot with a clean soft white cloth For solids remove as much as pos...

Page 298: ...Fabric Cleaning Problems Stains caused by such things as catsup black coffee egg fruit fruit juice milk soft drinks vomit urine and blood can be removed using the club soda water instructions given earlier in this section If an odor lingers after cleaning vomit or urine treat the area with a water and baking soda solution 1 teaspoon 5 ml of baking soda to 1 cup 250 ml of lukewarm water Let dry Sta...

Page 299: ...ditions Interior Plastic Components Use only a mild soap and water solution on a soft cloth or sponge Commercial cleaners may affect the surface finish Glass Surfaces Glass should be cleaned often GM Glass Cleaner or a liquid household glass cleaner will remove normal tobacco smoke and dust films on interior glass See Vehicle Care Appearance Materials on page 5 92 Notice If you use abrasive cleane...

Page 300: ...they could stain Dry the finish with a soft clean chamois or an all cotton towel to avoid surface scratches and water spotting Notice If you drive your vehicle through an automatic car wash that does not have enough clearance for the wide rear tires and wheels you could damage your vehicle Verify with the manager of the car wash that your vehicle will fit before entering the car wash or use a touc...

Page 301: ...s should be cleaned regularly to keep their luster Washing with water is all that is usually needed However you may use chrome polish on chrome or stainless steel trim if necessary Use special care with aluminum trim To avoid damaging protective trim never use auto or chrome polish steam or caustic soap to clean aluminum A coating of wax rubbed to high polish is recommended for all bright metal pa...

Page 302: ...sive polishes abrasive cleaners cleaners with acid or abrasive cleaning brushes on them because the surface could be damaged Do not use chrome polish on aluminum wheels Notice If you drive your vehicle through an automatic car wash that has silicone carbide tire cleaning brushes you could damage the aluminum or chrome plated wheels The repairs would not be covered by your warranty Never drive a ve...

Page 303: ...ody If these are not removed corrosion and rust can develop on the underbody parts such as fuel lines frame floor pan and exhaust system even though they have corrosion protection At least every spring flush these materials from the underbody with plain water Clean any areas where mud and debris can collect Dirt packed in close areas of the frame should be loosened before being flushed Your GM dea...

Page 304: ... and grime from chrome wheels and wire wheel covers Finish Enhancer Removes dust fingerprints and surface contaminants Spray on wipe off Description Usage Swirl Remover Polish Removes swirl marks fine scratches and other light surface contamination Cleaner Wax Removes light scratches and protects finish Foaming Tire Shine Low Gloss Cleans shines and protects in one easy step no wiping necessary Wa...

Page 305: ...labels and the certificates of title and registration Engine Identification The 8th character in your VIN is the engine code This code will help you identify your engine specifications and replacement parts Service Parts Identification Label You will find this label on the front passenger door frame It is very helpful if you ever need to order parts On this label you will find the following VIN Mo...

Page 306: ...in some cases to remain off If this happens have your headlamp wiring checked right away Windshield Wiper Fuses The windshield wiper motor is protected by a circuit breaker and a fuse If the motor overheats due to heavy snow etc the wiper will stop until the motor cools Although the circuit is protected from electrical overload overload due to heavy snow etc may cause wiper linkage damage Always c...

Page 307: ...are fuses and a fuse puller are located in the underhood fuse block You can remove fuses with the fuse puller Remember to replace any of the spare fuses you use so you will have some if you ever need them again If you ever have a problem on the road and do not have a spare fuse you can borrow one that has the same amperage Just pick some feature of your vehicle that you can get along without like ...

Page 308: ...fuse block is located on the lower portion of the instrument panel on the driver s side Fuse Circuit Breaker Usage 1 Stop Turn Hazard Lamps Center High Mounted Stop Lamp Anti Lock Brakes 2 Radio Accessory Rear Seat Audio Controls 5 96 ...

Page 309: ...tion Headlamp Switch Illumination Rear Seat Audio Illumination Truck Body Control Module 10 Air Bag System Fuse Circuit Breaker Usage 11 Not Used 12 Blower Motor Rear Air Conditioning Relay Coil Front Cont Temp Door Motor HI Blower Relay Defogger Timer Coil 13 Cigarette Lighter Door Lock Switches Dutch Door Release Module 14 Cluster Illumination Climate Controls Chime Module Radio Illumination Rea...

Page 310: ... Cluster VCM Module 21 Power Adjust Mirrors 22 Not Used 23 Rear Wiper Rear Washer Pump 24 Not Used Circuit Breakers Usage A Power Door Lock Relay 6 Way Power Seats B Power Windows Underhood Fuse Block The underhood fuse block is located toward the rear of the engine compartment on the driver s side of the vehicle Lift the hood and open the cover to gain access to this fuse block A fuse puller is i...

Page 311: ...A C COMP Air Conditioning Enable Relay and Compressor RR HTR AC Rear Heater and Air Conditioning ATC Active Transfer Case L Van FRT HVAC Front Heater and Air Conditioning ENG I Oxygen Sensors Camshaft Position Sensor Mass Air Flow Sensor Evaporative Emission Canister Vent Solenoid IGN E Air Conditioning Enable Relay Coil ECM I Fuel Injectors 1 6 Crankshaft Position Sensot VCM Coil Driver Module ES...

Page 312: ...e Radio Battery Fuse IGN A Starter Relay Ignition Switch IGN B Ignition Switch ABS Electronic Brake Control Module BLANK Not Used RAP Radio Accessory Power Windows HTD MIR RR DEFOG Rear Window Defogger Climate Control Head Relays Usage A C RELAY Rear Heat and Air Conditioning UPFITTER ACCY RELAY Upfitter Accessory STARTER ENABLE RELAY Starter A C ENABLE RELAY Air Conditioning HEAD LAMPS RELAY Head...

Page 313: ...oling System Without Rear Heater With Rear Heater 13 5 quarts 16 5 quarts 12 8 L 15 6 L Differential Fluid Front Axle Rear Axle 2 6 pints 3 5 pints 1 2 L 1 7 L Engine Oil with Filter 4 5 quarts 4 3 L Fuel Tank 27 0 gallons 101 8 L Transmission Fluid Drain and Refill 5 0 quarts 4 7 L Wheel Nut Torque 140 ft lb 190 Y All capacities are approximate When adding be sure to fill to the appropriate level...

Page 314: ...t parts identified below by name part number or specification can be obtained from your dealer Part GM Part Number ACDelco Part Number Engine Air Cleaner Filter 25098463 A1163C Engine Oil Filter 25010792 PF47 Fuel Filter 15050894 GF481 PCV Valve 6487532 CV 769 C Spark Plugs 25162556 41 932 Wiper Blades Trico Type Front 18 inches 45 7 cm Rear 14 inches 35 5 cm 22110431 22121329 5 102 ...

Page 315: ... Services 6 24 At Each Fuel Fill 6 24 At Least Once a Month 6 24 At Least Twice a Year 6 24 At Least Once a Year 6 25 Part C Periodic Maintenance Inspections 6 28 Steering Suspension and Front Drive Axle Boot and Seal Inspection 6 28 Exhaust System Inspection 6 28 Fuel System Inspection 6 28 Engine Cooling System Inspection 6 28 Throttle System Inspection 6 29 Transfer Case and Front Axle All Whee...

Page 316: ...e necessary to keep your vehicle in good working condition Any damage caused by failure to follow scheduled maintenance may not be covered by warranty Your Vehicle and the Environment Proper vehicle maintenance not only helps to keep your vehicle in good working condition but also helps the environment Improper vehicle maintenance can even affect the quality of the air we breathe Improper fluid le...

Page 317: ...u have any doubt have a qualified technician do the work If you want to get the service information see Service Publications Ordering Information on page 7 12 Part B Owner Checks and Services tells you what should be checked and when It also explains what you can easily do to help keep your vehicle in good condition Part C Periodic Maintenance Inspections explains important inspections that your d...

Page 318: ...the following and note how you drive If you have any questions on how to keep your vehicle in good condition see your dealer This part tells you the maintenance services you should have done and when to schedule them When you go to your dealer for your service needs you will know that GM trained and supported service people will perform the work using GM parts The proper fluids and lubricants to u...

Page 319: ...operate your vehicle under any of these conditions is that these conditions cause engine oil to break down sooner Short Trip City Intervals Every 3 000 Miles 5 000 km Engine Oil and Filter Change or 3 months whichever occurs first Chassis Lubrication or 3 months whichever occurs first Every 6 000 Miles 10 000 km Tire Rotation Every 15 000 Miles 25 000 km Engine Air Cleaner Filter Inspection Front ...

Page 320: ...Filter Change or every 12 months whichever occurs first Chassis Lubrication or 12 months whichever occurs first Tire Rotation Every 15 000 Miles 25 000 km Engine Air Cleaner Filter Inspection Automatic Transmission Service severe conditions only Every 30 000 Miles 50 000 km Fuel Filter Replacement Front Wheel Bearing Repack two wheel drive only or at each brake relining whichever occurs first Ever...

Page 321: ...ated intervals and the maintenance be recorded Lubricate the front suspension ball joints and kingpin bushings steering linkage parking brake cable guides and brake pedal springs A good time to check your brakes is during tire rotation See Brake System Inspection on page 6 29 3 000 Miles 5 000 km Change engine oil and filter or every 3 months whichever occurs first An Emission Control Service Lubr...

Page 322: ... 3 months whichever occurs first See footnote For Two Wheel Drive vehicles only Clean and repack the front wheel bearings or at each brake relining whichever occurs first Change automatic transmission fluid and filter if the vehicle is mainly driven under one or more of these conditions In heavy city traffic where the outside temperature regularly reaches 90 F 32 C or higher In hilly or mountainou...

Page 323: ...aner filter If necessary replace the filter If vehicle is driven in dusty dirty conditions inspect filter at every engine oil change See Engine Air Cleaner Filter on page 5 21 for more information An Emission Control Service See footnote Lubricate chassis components or every 3 months whichever occurs first See footnote For Two Wheel Drive vehicles only Clean and repack the front wheel bearings or ...

Page 324: ...e chassis components or every 3 months whichever occurs first See footnote 42 000 Miles 70 000 km Change engine oil and filter or every 3 months whichever occurs first An Emission Control Service Lubricate chassis components or every 3 months whichever occurs first See footnote Rotate tires See Tire Inspection and Rotation on page 5 65 for proper rotation pattern and additional information See foo...

Page 325: ...nspection and Rotation on page 5 65 for proper rotation pattern and additional information See footnote 50 000 Miles 83 000 km If you have not used your vehicle under severe service conditions listed previously and therefore have not changed your automatic transmission fluid change both the fluid and filter Change transfer case fluid 51 000 Miles 85 000 km Change engine oil and filter or every 3 m...

Page 326: ...k the front wheel bearings or at each brake relining whichever occurs first Change automatic transmission fluid and filter if the vehicle is mainly driven under one or more of these conditions In heavy city traffic where the outside temperature regularly reaches 90 F 32 C or higher In hilly or mountainous terrain When doing frequent trailer towing Uses such as found in taxi police or delivery serv...

Page 327: ...n See footnote 75 000 Miles 125 000 km Change engine oil and filter or every 3 months whichever occurs first An Emission Control Service Inspect engine air cleaner filter If necessary replace the filter If vehicle is driven in dusty dirty conditions inspect filter at every engine oil change See Engine Air Cleaner Filter on page 5 21 for more information An Emission Control Service See footnote Lub...

Page 328: ...n on page 5 65 for proper rotation pattern and additional information See footnote 87 000 Miles 145 000 km Change engine oil and filter or every 3 months whichever occurs first An Emission Control Service Lubricate chassis components or every 3 months whichever occurs first See footnote 90 000 Miles 150 000 km Change engine oil and filter or every 3 months whichever occurs first An Emission Contro...

Page 329: ...65 for proper rotation pattern and additional information See footnote 99 000 Miles 165 000 km Change engine oil and filter or every 3 months whichever occurs first An Emission Control Service Lubricate chassis components or every 3 months whichever occurs first See footnote 100 000 Miles 166 000 km Inspect spark plug wires An Emission Control Service Replace spark plugs An Emission Control Servic...

Page 330: ...y the emission warranty or limit recall liability prior to the completion of the vehicle s useful life We however urge that all recommended maintenance services be performed at the indicated intervals and the maintenance be recorded Lubricate the front suspension ball joints and kingpin bushings steering linkage and transfer case shift linkage parking brake cable guides and brake pedal springs A g...

Page 331: ...eavy city traffic where the outside temperature regularly reaches 90 F 32 C or higher In hilly or mountainous terrain When doing frequent trailer towing Uses such as found in taxi police or delivery service If you do not use your vehicle under any of these conditions change the fluid and filter every 50 000 miles 83 000 km Rotate tires See Tire Inspection and Rotation on page 5 65 for proper rotat...

Page 332: ...32 C or higher In hilly or mountainous terrain When doing frequent trailer towing Uses such as found in taxi police or delivery service If you do not use your vehicle under any of these conditions change the fluid and filter every 50 000 miles 83 000 km Rotate tires See Tire Inspection and Rotation on page 5 65 for proper rotation pattern and additional information See footnote Replace fuel filter...

Page 333: ...id and filter every 50 000 miles 83 000 km Rotate tires See Tire Inspection and Rotation on page 5 65 for proper rotation pattern and additional information See footnote 50 000 Miles 83 000 km If you have not used your vehicle under severe conditions listed previously and therefore have not changed your automatic transmission fluid change both the fluid and filter Change transfer case fluid 52 500...

Page 334: ...or more of these conditions In heavy city traffic where the outside temperature regularly reaches 90 F 32 C or higher In hilly or mountainous terrain When doing frequent trailer towing Uses such as found in taxi police or delivery service If you do not use your vehicle under any of these conditions change the fluid and filter every 50 000 miles 83 000 km Rotate tires See Tire Inspection and Rotati...

Page 335: ...eavy city traffic where the outside temperature regularly reaches 90 F 32 C or higher In hilly or mountainous terrain When doing frequent trailer towing Uses such as found in taxi police or delivery service If you do not use your vehicle under any of these conditions change the fluid and filter every 50 000 miles 83 000 km Rotate tires See Tire Inspection and Rotation on page 5 65 for proper rotat...

Page 336: ... temperature regularly reaches 90 F 32 C or higher In hilly or mountainous terrain When doing frequent trailer towing Uses such as found in taxi police or delivery service If you do not use your vehicle under any of these conditions change the fluid and filter every 50 000 miles 83 000 km Replace fuel filter An Emission Control Service See footnote Rotate tires See Tire Inspection and Rotation on ...

Page 337: ...d and filter Change transfer case fluid Inspect Positive Crankcase Ventilation PCV valve An Emission Control Service 150 000 Miles 240 000 km Drain flush and refill cooling system or every 60 months since last service whichever occurs first See Engine Coolant on page 5 26 for what to use Inspect hoses Clean radiator condenser pressure cap and neck Pressure test the cooling system and pressure cap ...

Page 338: ...nt level and add DEX COOL coolant mixture if necessary See Engine Coolant on page 5 26 for further details Windshield Washer Fluid Level Check Check the windshield washer fluid level in the windshield washer tank and add the proper fluid if necessary See Windshield Washer Fluid on page 5 37 for further details At Least Once a Month Tire Inflation Check Visually inspect your tires and make sure tir...

Page 339: ...ast longer seal better and not stick or squeak Apply silicone grease with a clean cloth During very cold damp weather more frequent application may be required See Part D Recommended Fluids and Lubricants on page 6 29 Automatic Transmission Check Check the transmission fluid level add if needed See Automatic Transmission Fluid on page 5 23 A fluid loss may indicate a problem Check the system and r...

Page 340: ...any other position your vehicle needs service Automatic Transmission Shift Lock Control System Check CAUTION When you are doing this inspection the vehicle could move suddenly If the vehicle moves you or others could be injured 1 Before you start be sure you have enough room around the vehicle It should be parked on a level surface 2 Firmly apply the parking brake See Parking Brake on page 2 23 if...

Page 341: ...regular brake at once should the vehicle begin to move Park on a fairly steep hill with the vehicle facing downhill Keeping your foot on the regular brake set the parking brake To check the parking brake s holding ability With the engine running and transmission in NEUTRAL N slowly remove foot pressure from the regular brake pedal Do this until the vehicle is held by the parking brake only To chec...

Page 342: ...ing etc Clean and then inspect the drive axle boot seals for damage tears or leakage Replace seals if necessary Exhaust System Inspection Inspect the complete exhaust system Inspect the body near the exhaust system Look for broken damaged missing or out of position parts as well as open seams holes loose connections or other conditions which could cause a heat build up in the floor pan or could le...

Page 343: ...surface condition Inspect other brake parts including calipers parking brake etc Check parking brake adjustment You may need to have your brakes inspected more often if your driving habits or conditions result in frequent braking Part D Recommended Fluids and Lubricants Fluids and lubricants identified below by name part number or specification may be obtained from your dealer Usage Fluid Lubrican...

Page 344: ...eel Bearings Wheel bearing lubricant meeting requirements of NLGI 2 Category GC or GC LB GM Part No U S 1051344 in Canada 993037 Usage Fluid Lubricant Front Axle SAE 80W 90 Axle Lubricant GM Part No U S 1052271 in Canada 10950849 Rear Axle SAE 75W 90 Synthetic Axle Lubricant GM Part No U S 12378261 in Canada 10953455 meeting GM Specification 9986115 Transfer Case AUTO TRAK II Fluid GM Part No U S ...

Page 345: ...odometer reading and who performed the service and any additional information from Owner Checks and Services or Periodic Maintenance on the following record pages Also you should retain all maintenance receipts Maintenance Record Date Odometer Reading Serviced By Maintenance Record 6 31 ...

Page 346: ...Maintenance Record cont d Date Odometer Reading Serviced By Maintenance Record 6 32 ...

Page 347: ...Maintenance Record cont d Date Odometer Reading Serviced By Maintenance Record 6 33 ...

Page 348: ...Maintenance Record cont d Date Odometer Reading Serviced By Maintenance Record 6 34 ...

Page 349: ...gram 7 6 Roadside Assistance Program 7 6 Courtesy Transportation 7 8 Vehicle Data Collection and Event Data Recorders 7 10 Reporting Safety Defects 7 11 Reporting Safety Defects to the United States Government 7 11 Reporting Safety Defects to the Canadian Government 7 11 Reporting Safety Defects to General Motors 7 12 Service Publications Ordering Information 7 12 Section 7 Customer Assistance and...

Page 350: ...ter contacting a member of dealership management it appears your concern cannot be resolved by the dealership without further help contact the Chevrolet Customer Assistance Center by calling 1 800 222 1020 In Canada contact GM of Canada Customer Communication Centre by calling 1 800 263 3777 English or 1 800 263 7854 French We encourage you to call the toll free number in order to give your inquir...

Page 351: ...le Limited Warranty Although you may be required to resort to this informal dispute resolution program prior to filing a court action use of the program is free of charge and your case will generally be heard within 40 days If you do not agree with the decision given in your case you may reject it and proceed with any other venue for relief available to you You may contact the BBB Auto Line Progra...

Page 352: ...ithin www gmcanada com Canada Customer Assistance for Text Telephone TTY Users To assist customers who are deaf hard of hearing or speech impaired and who use Text Telephones TTYs Chevrolet has TTY equipment available at its Customer Assistance Center Any TTY user can communicate with Chevrolet by dialing 1 800 833 CHEV 2438 TTY users in Canada can dial 1 800 263 3830 Customer Assistance Offices C...

Page 353: ... 3777 English 1 800 263 7854 French 1 800 263 3830 For Text Telephone devices TTYs Roadside Assistance 1 800 268 6800 Overseas Customer Assistance Please contact the local General Motors Business Unit Mexico Central America and Caribbean Islands Countries Except Puerto Rico and U S Virgin Islands Customer Assistance General Motors de Mexico S de R L de C V Customer Assistance Center Paseo de la Re...

Page 354: ...olled in the Chevrolet Roadside Assistance program This value added service is intended to provide you with peace of mind as you drive in the city or travel the open road Call Chevrolet s Roadside Assistance at 1 800 CHEV USA 1 800 243 8872 24 hours a day 365 days a year to speak with a Chevrolet Roadside Assistance representative We will provide the following services during the Bumper to Bumper ...

Page 355: ...ge Vehicle Identification Number VIN and delivery date of the vehicle Description of the problem While we hope you never have the occasion to use our service it is added security while traveling for you and your family Remember we are only a phone call away Chevrolet Roadside Assistance 1 800 CHEV USA 1 800 234 8872 text telephone TTY users call 1 888 889 2438 Chevrolet reserves the right to limit...

Page 356: ... it is please call your dealership let them know this and ask for instructions If the dealer requests that you simply drop the vehicle off for service you are urged to do so as early in the work day as possible to allow for same day repair Transportation Options Warranty service can generally be completed while you wait However if you are unable to wait Chevrolet helps minimize your inconvenience ...

Page 357: ...verage period but it is not part of the New Vehicle Limited Warranty A separate booklet entitled Warranty and Owner Assistance Information furnished with each new vehicle provides detailed warranty coverage information Courtesy Transportation is available only at participating GM dealers and all program options such as shuttle service may not be available at every dealer Please contact your GM dea...

Page 358: ...verity of a collision This information has been used to improve vehicle crash performance and may be used to improve crash performance of future vehicles and driving safety Unlike the data recorders on many airplanes these on board systems do not record sounds such as conversation of vehicle occupants To read this information special equipment is needed and access to the vehicle or the device that...

Page 359: ...exists in a group of vehicles it may order a recall and remedy campaign However NHTSA cannot become involved in individual problems between you your dealer or General Motors To contact NHTSA you may either call the Auto Safety Hotline toll free at 1 800 424 9393 or 366 0123 in the Washington D C area or write to NHTSA U S Department of Transportation Washington D C 20590 You can also obtain other ...

Page 360: ... Ordering Information Service Manuals Service Manuals have the diagnosis and repair information on engines transmission axle suspension brakes electrical steering body etc Transmission Transaxle Transfer Case Unit Repair Manual This manual provides information on unit repair service procedures adjustments and specifications for GM transmissions transaxles and transfer cases Service Bulletins Servi...

Page 361: ...ations are available for current and past model GM vehicles To request an order form please specify year and model name of the vehicle ORDER TOLL FREE 1 800 551 4123 Monday Friday 8 00 AM 6 00 PM Eastern Time For Credit Card Orders Only VISA MasterCard Discover visit Helm Inc on the World Wide Web at www helminc com Or you can write to Helm Incorporated P O Box 07130 Detroit MI 48207 Prices are su...

Page 362: ... NOTES 7 14 ...

Page 363: ...D System 2 23 All Wheel Drive Service Light 3 34 AM FM Radio 3 40 Antenna Fixed Mast 3 50 Anti Lock Brake System ABS 4 7 Anti Lock Brake System Warning Light 3 29 Appearance Care 5 84 Aluminum Wheels 5 90 Care of Safety Belts 5 87 Chemical Paint Spotting 5 91 Cleaning Exterior Lamps Lenses 5 88 Fabric Carpet 5 85 Finish Care 5 88 Finish Damage 5 91 Glass Surfaces 5 87 Instrument Panel 5 87 Interio...

Page 364: ...ing in Emergencies 4 8 Break In New Vehicle 2 16 Bucket Seats Rear 1 17 Bulb Replacement 5 50 Front Turn Signal and Parking Lamps 5 54 Halogen Bulbs 5 50 Replacement Bulbs 5 56 Taillamps Turn Signal Stoplamps and Back up Lamps 5 55 Buying New Tires 5 67 C California Fuel 5 6 Canadian Owners ii Capacities and Specifications 5 101 Carbon Monoxide 2 26 4 23 4 34 Care of Safety Belts 5 87 Your CD Play...

Page 365: ...res 5 90 Underbody Maintenance 5 91 Vinyl 5 86 Washing Your Vehicle 5 88 Cleaning cont Weatherstrips 5 88 Windshield and Wiper Blades 5 89 Climate Control System 3 19 Outlet Adjustment 3 21 Rear Air Conditioning System 3 22 Rear Heating System 3 21 Comfort Guides Rear Safety Belt 1 35 Compact Spare Tire 5 84 Control of a Vehicle 4 5 Convenience Net 2 38 Coolant Engine Temperature Gage 3 29 Heater ...

Page 366: ...unken 4 3 Freeway 4 19 Hill and Mountain Roads 4 21 In Rain and on Wet Roads 4 15 Driving cont Rocking Your Vehicle to Get it Out 4 28 Winter 4 23 E Electrical System Add On Equipment 5 94 Fuses and Circuit Breakers 5 95 Headlamp Wiring 5 94 Instrument Panel Fuse Block 5 96 Power Windows and Other Power Options 5 94 Underhood Fuse Block 5 98 Windshield Wiper Fuses 5 94 Engine Air Cleaner Filter 5 ...

Page 367: ...uel 5 5 Additives 5 6 California Fuel 5 6 Filling a Portable Fuel Container 5 10 Fuel cont Filling Your Tank 5 8 Fuels in Foreign Countries 5 7 Gage 3 36 Gasoline Octane 5 5 Gasoline Specifications 5 5 Low Warning Light 3 36 Regulator 2 19 System Inspection 6 28 Fuses Fuses and Circuit Breakers 5 95 Instrument Panel Fuse Block 5 96 Underhood Fuse Block 5 98 Windshield Wiper 5 94 G Gage Check Gages...

Page 368: ...Roads 4 21 HomeLink Transmitter 2 29 HomeLink Transmitter Programming 2 30 Hood Checking Things Under 5 10 Release 5 11 Horn 3 6 How to Use This Manual ii How to Wear Safety Belts Properly 1 23 I Ignition Positions 2 17 Infants and Young Children Restraints 1 40 Inflation Tire Pressure 5 64 Inspection Brake System 6 29 Engine Cooling System 6 28 Exhaust System 6 28 Fuel System 6 28 Part C Periodic...

Page 369: ...g 3 29 Brake System Warning 3 28 Charging System 3 27 Check Gages Warning 3 35 Light cont Highbeam On 3 34 Low Fuel Warning 3 36 Malfunction Indicator 3 30 Safety Belt Reminder 3 25 Security 3 34 Service All Wheel Drive 3 34 Tow Haul Mode 3 35 Lighting Entry 3 17 Exit 3 17 Locking Rear Axle 4 8 Locks Door 2 6 Power Door 2 7 Programmable Automatic Door Locks 2 7 Long Trip Highway Scheduled Maintena...

Page 370: ... Services 6 24 Part C Periodic Maintenance Inspections 6 28 Part D Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 6 29 Maintenance Schedule cont Part E Maintenance Record 6 31 Selecting the Right Schedule 6 5 Short Trip City Scheduled Maintenance 6 7 Steering Suspension and Front Drive Axle Boot and Seal Inspection 6 28 Throttle System Inspection 6 29 Transfer Case and Front Axle All Wheel Drive Inspection 6 2...

Page 371: ...ners Canadian ii P Park P Shifting Into 2 24 Shifting Out of 2 25 Parking Brake 2 23 Over Things That Burn 2 26 Part A Scheduled Maintenance Services 6 4 Part B Owner Checks and Services 6 24 Part C Periodic Maintenance Inspections 6 28 Part D Recommended Fluids and Lubricants 6 29 Part E Maintenance Record 6 31 Passing 4 11 Passlock 2 16 Power Accessory Outlets 3 17 Door Locks 2 7 Electrical Syst...

Page 372: ...t Audio RSA 3 46 Rear Seat Operation 1 7 Rear Seat Passengers Safety Belts 1 31 Rearview Mirrors 2 28 Reclining Seatbacks 1 4 Recreational Vehicle Towing 4 34 Remote Keyless Entry System 2 3 Remote Keyless Entry System Operation 2 4 Removing the Flat Tire and Installing the Spare Tire 5 76 Removing the Spare Tire and Tools 5 73 Replacement Bulbs 5 56 Reporting Safety Defects Canadian Government 7 ...

Page 373: ...e for Everyone 1 18 Shoulder Belt Height Adjuster 1 30 Safety Warnings and Symbols iii Seatback Latches 1 6 Seats Bench Seat 1 11 Bucket Seats Rear 1 17 Head Restraints 1 6 Manual 1 3 Manual Lumbar 1 4 Power Seat 1 3 Rear Seat Operation 1 7 Reclining Seatbacks 1 4 Seatback Latches 1 6 Securing a Child Restraint Center Rear Seat Position 1 58 Designed for the LATCH System 1 56 Rear Outside Seat Pos...

Page 374: ...38 Luggage Carrier 2 38 Overhead Console 2 35 Stuck in Sand Mud Ice or Snow 4 27 Sun Visors 2 15 T Taillamps Turn Signal Stoplamps and Back up Lamps 5 55 Theft Deterrent Radio 3 48 Theft Deterrent Systems 2 16 Passlock 2 16 Throttle System Inspection 6 29 Tilt Wheel 3 6 Tires 5 58 Aluminum Wheels Cleaning 5 90 Buying New Tires 5 67 Chains 5 71 Changing a Flat Tire 5 72 Cleaning 5 90 Compact Spare ...

Page 375: ...omatic 5 23 Transmission Operation Automatic 2 20 Trip Odometer 3 25 Turn and Lane Change Signals 3 7 Turn Signal Multifunction Lever 3 7 U Understanding Radio Reception 3 50 Uniform Tire Quality Grading 5 68 V Vehicle Control 4 5 Damage Warnings iv Symbols iv Vehicle Data Collection and Event Data Recorders 7 10 Vehicle Identification Number VIN 5 93 Service Parts Identification Label 5 93 Ventil...

Page 376: ...amage iv Wheels Alignment and Tire Balance 5 69 Replacement 5 70 Where to Put the Restraint 1 49 Windows 2 14 Manual 2 14 Power 2 15 Windshield Wiper Blades Cleaning 5 89 Windshield Washer 3 10 Fluid 5 37 Windshield Wiper Blade Replacement 5 57 Fuses 5 94 Windshield Wipers 3 9 Winter Driving 4 23 Y Your Vehicle and the Environment 6 2 14 ...

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Chevrolet 2005 Astro, Owner'S Manual

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